Biogas System

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Tasawar Hayat - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Four Typical Biogas Systems in China
    Biogas Systems in China, 2017
    Co-Authors: Bin Chen, Tasawar Hayat, Ahmed Alsaedi
    Abstract:

    In this chapter, detailed descriptions of four typical Systems are presented including “Six-in-One” Biogas System (SIOBS), Biogas-persimmon cultivation and processing System (BCPS), wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), and the “Three-in-One” Biogas project (TIOBS). The similarities and differences of how it is constructed, operated, and maintained are addressed. Besides, the unique characteristics are also depicted, containing digestate process in SIOBS, digestate reuse, and Biogas utilization for persimmon cultivation in BCPS, Biogas–sludge use in WWTPs, and comprehensive utilization in TIOBS.

  • renewability and sustainability of Biogas System cosmic exergy based assessment for a case in china
    Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2015
    Co-Authors: X D Wu, Ahmed Alsaedi, X.f. Wu, Tasawar Hayat, G Q Chen, Qing Yang
    Abstract:

    The household-scale Biogas System gains its popularity in rural China, and is now playing a prominent role in relieving energy shortages and reducing environmental pollution. A comprehensive review is performed for related environmental and ecological assessment studies. For an overall assessment of the Biogas System, especially for its renewability and sustainability, an updated exergy methodology in terms of cosmic exergy is introduced in this paper, and is concretely illustrated by a case study to an integrated Biogas engineering in Hubei, China. Associated with the fundamental universal scale of the cosmic-solar-terrestrial ecoSystem, this new approach aggregates natural resources, economic inputs and environmental contamination on a common basis. Furthermore, a series of cosmic exergy based indicators are established to quantify the renewability and sustainability of the System. The integrated Biogas engineering is proved to be with remarkable positive net ecological benefits, around twice that of the corresponding conventional production System. Near half of resource inputs in the integrated Biogas System are found to be renewable. The renewability and sustainability of the Biogas System turn out to be respectively double and six times those of the conventional System. The findings are fully supportive for policy makers in their action towards further progress of Biogas project for sustainable development.

  • Sustainability of a typical Biogas System in China: Emergy-based ecological footprint assessment
    Ecological Informatics, 2015
    Co-Authors: X.f. Wu, X. H. Xia, X D Wu, Ahmed Alsaedi, T H Wu, Tasawar Hayat, Q. Yang, G Q Chen
    Abstract:

    Integrated Biogas utilization has experienced a rapid development in recent years in rural China, for both renewable energy production and waste treatment. On the basis of a modified Ecological Footprint (EF) indicator, this paper provides a comprehensive assessment of a "pig-Biogas-fish" System, a typical household integrated Biogas-utilization System in southern China, by focusing on the resources consumed and produced within the System. The method of Emergy Environmental Footprint as a combination of EF and emergy accounting is introduced to quantify the sustainability of the overall Biogas System and its three subSystems. Results reveal that the resource use intensity of the "pig-Biogas-fish" System, defined as the ratio of footprint investment to footprint delivered, is 0.48. Compared with the conventional animal husbandry System, the "pig-Biogas-fish" System proves to be of higher sustainability. And the findings have essential policy making implications supportive to a further spread of integrated Biogas-utilization modes in rural areas.

  • Ecological accounting for an integrated "pig-Biogas-fish" System based on emergetic indicators
    Ecological Indicators, 2014
    Co-Authors: X.f. Wu, X. H. Xia, T. Mi, X D Wu, J.s. Li, Tasawar Hayat, G Q Chen, Q. Yang, Ahmed Alsaedi
    Abstract:

    With the expansion of urbanization in China, the integrated Biogas-utilization System has gained its popularity for both renewable energy production and multi-level utilization of organic waste. To appraise the ecological performance of the integrated Biogas System, Systematic accounting is undertaken for an integrated "pig-Biogas-fish" System in Hubei province, China. Based on Odum's concept of embodied solar energy as a unified measure for environmental resources, human labors and purchased goods, a set of emergetic indicators are employed to quantify the System sustainability. The results reveal that in a 20-year designed lifetime scenario, 94.69% of the total emergy inputs for the "pig-Biogas-fish" System are attributed to purchased social resources. Three kinds of products, namely pig, Biogas, fish are taken into consideration, and transformity of the "pig-Biogas-fish" System is calculated as 1.26E + 05 seJ/J. Compared with the Chinese conventional agriculture System, the integrated Biogas System shows a higher sustainability. Given that most Biogas Systems have a lifespan less than 20 years, for the "pig-Biogas-fish" System, six other scenarios with different lifespans are studied to investigate the impact of the lifespan on sustainability. The findings suggest that the "pig-Biogas-fish" System should be well operated for at least 8 years to prove its advantage in ecological economy over the conventional agriculture System. This has essential policy implications that local government should strengthen subsequent management on Biogas production to extend the practical service life of the Biogas System.

Birgitte Kiaer Ahring - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • dynamics of the anaerobic process effects of volatile fatty acids
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2003
    Co-Authors: Peter F. Pind, Irini Angelidaki, Birgitte Kiaer Ahring
    Abstract:

    A complex and fast dynamic response of the anaerobic Biogas System was observed when the System was subjected to pulses of volatile fatty acids (VFAs). It was shown that a pulse of specific VFAs into a well-functioning continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) System operating on cow manure affected both CH4 yield, pH, and gas production and that a unique reaction pattern was seen for the higher VFAs as a result of these pulses. In this study, two thermophilic laboratory reactors were equipped with a novel VFA-sensor for monitoring specific VFAs online. Pulses of VFAs were shown to have a positive effect on process yield and the levels of all VFA were shown to stabilize at a lower level after the biomass had been subjected to several pulses. The response to pulses of propionate or acetate was different from the response to butyrate, iso-butyrate, valerate, or iso-valerate. High concentrations of propionate affected the degradation of all VFAs, while a pulse of acetate affected primarily the degradation of iso-valerate or 2-methylbutyrate. Pulses of n-butyrate, iso-butyrate, and iso-valerate yielded only acetate, while degradation of n-valerate gave both propionate and acetate. Product sensitivity or inhibition was shown for the degradation of all VFAs tested. Based on the results, it was concluded that measurements of all specific VFAs are important for control purposes and increase and decrease in a specific VFA should always be evaluated in close relationship to the conversion of other VFAs and the history of the reactor process. It should be pointed out that the observed dynamics of VFA responses were based on hourly measurements, meaning that the response duration was much lower than the hydraulic retention time, which exceeds several days in anaerobic CSTR Systems. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 82: 791–801, 2003.

  • Dynamics of the anaerobic process: Effects of volatile fatty acids
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2003
    Co-Authors: Peter F. Pind, Irini Angelidaki, Birgitte Kiaer Ahring
    Abstract:

    A complex and fast dynamic response of the anaerobic Biogas System was observed when the System was subjected to pulses of volatile fatty acids (VFAs). It was shown that a pulse of specific VFAs into a well-functioning continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) System operating on cow manure affected both CH(4) yield, pH, and gas production and that a unique reaction pattern was seen for the higher VFAs as a result of these pulses. In this study, two thermophilic laboratory reactors were equipped with a novel VFA-sensor for monitoring specific VFAs online. Pulses of VFAs were shown to have a positive effect on process yield and the levels of all VFA were shown to stabilize at a lower level after the biomass had been subjected to several pulses. The response to pulses of propionate or acetate was different from the response to butyrate, iso-butyrate, valerate, or iso-valerate. High concentrations of propionate affected the degradation of all VFAs, while a pulse of acetate affected primarily the degradation of iso-valerate or 2-methylbutyrate. Pulses of n-butyrate, iso-butyrate, and iso-valerate yielded only acetate, while degradation of n-valerate gave both propionate and acetate. Product sensitivity or inhibition was shown for the degradation of all VFAs tested. Based on the results, it was concluded that measurements of all specific VFAs are important for control purposes and increase and decrease in a specific VFA should always be evaluated in close relationship to the conversion of other VFAs and the history of the reactor process. It should be pointed out that the observed dynamics of VFA responses were based on hourly measurements, meaning that the response duration was much lower than the hydraulic retention time, which exceeds several days in anaerobic CSTR Systems.

Ahmed Alsaedi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Four Typical Biogas Systems in China
    Biogas Systems in China, 2017
    Co-Authors: Bin Chen, Tasawar Hayat, Ahmed Alsaedi
    Abstract:

    In this chapter, detailed descriptions of four typical Systems are presented including “Six-in-One” Biogas System (SIOBS), Biogas-persimmon cultivation and processing System (BCPS), wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), and the “Three-in-One” Biogas project (TIOBS). The similarities and differences of how it is constructed, operated, and maintained are addressed. Besides, the unique characteristics are also depicted, containing digestate process in SIOBS, digestate reuse, and Biogas utilization for persimmon cultivation in BCPS, Biogas–sludge use in WWTPs, and comprehensive utilization in TIOBS.

  • renewability and sustainability of Biogas System cosmic exergy based assessment for a case in china
    Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2015
    Co-Authors: X D Wu, Ahmed Alsaedi, X.f. Wu, Tasawar Hayat, G Q Chen, Qing Yang
    Abstract:

    The household-scale Biogas System gains its popularity in rural China, and is now playing a prominent role in relieving energy shortages and reducing environmental pollution. A comprehensive review is performed for related environmental and ecological assessment studies. For an overall assessment of the Biogas System, especially for its renewability and sustainability, an updated exergy methodology in terms of cosmic exergy is introduced in this paper, and is concretely illustrated by a case study to an integrated Biogas engineering in Hubei, China. Associated with the fundamental universal scale of the cosmic-solar-terrestrial ecoSystem, this new approach aggregates natural resources, economic inputs and environmental contamination on a common basis. Furthermore, a series of cosmic exergy based indicators are established to quantify the renewability and sustainability of the System. The integrated Biogas engineering is proved to be with remarkable positive net ecological benefits, around twice that of the corresponding conventional production System. Near half of resource inputs in the integrated Biogas System are found to be renewable. The renewability and sustainability of the Biogas System turn out to be respectively double and six times those of the conventional System. The findings are fully supportive for policy makers in their action towards further progress of Biogas project for sustainable development.

  • Sustainability of a typical Biogas System in China: Emergy-based ecological footprint assessment
    Ecological Informatics, 2015
    Co-Authors: X.f. Wu, X. H. Xia, X D Wu, Ahmed Alsaedi, T H Wu, Tasawar Hayat, Q. Yang, G Q Chen
    Abstract:

    Integrated Biogas utilization has experienced a rapid development in recent years in rural China, for both renewable energy production and waste treatment. On the basis of a modified Ecological Footprint (EF) indicator, this paper provides a comprehensive assessment of a "pig-Biogas-fish" System, a typical household integrated Biogas-utilization System in southern China, by focusing on the resources consumed and produced within the System. The method of Emergy Environmental Footprint as a combination of EF and emergy accounting is introduced to quantify the sustainability of the overall Biogas System and its three subSystems. Results reveal that the resource use intensity of the "pig-Biogas-fish" System, defined as the ratio of footprint investment to footprint delivered, is 0.48. Compared with the conventional animal husbandry System, the "pig-Biogas-fish" System proves to be of higher sustainability. And the findings have essential policy making implications supportive to a further spread of integrated Biogas-utilization modes in rural areas.

  • Ecological accounting for an integrated "pig-Biogas-fish" System based on emergetic indicators
    Ecological Indicators, 2014
    Co-Authors: X.f. Wu, X. H. Xia, T. Mi, X D Wu, J.s. Li, Tasawar Hayat, G Q Chen, Q. Yang, Ahmed Alsaedi
    Abstract:

    With the expansion of urbanization in China, the integrated Biogas-utilization System has gained its popularity for both renewable energy production and multi-level utilization of organic waste. To appraise the ecological performance of the integrated Biogas System, Systematic accounting is undertaken for an integrated "pig-Biogas-fish" System in Hubei province, China. Based on Odum's concept of embodied solar energy as a unified measure for environmental resources, human labors and purchased goods, a set of emergetic indicators are employed to quantify the System sustainability. The results reveal that in a 20-year designed lifetime scenario, 94.69% of the total emergy inputs for the "pig-Biogas-fish" System are attributed to purchased social resources. Three kinds of products, namely pig, Biogas, fish are taken into consideration, and transformity of the "pig-Biogas-fish" System is calculated as 1.26E + 05 seJ/J. Compared with the Chinese conventional agriculture System, the integrated Biogas System shows a higher sustainability. Given that most Biogas Systems have a lifespan less than 20 years, for the "pig-Biogas-fish" System, six other scenarios with different lifespans are studied to investigate the impact of the lifespan on sustainability. The findings suggest that the "pig-Biogas-fish" System should be well operated for at least 8 years to prove its advantage in ecological economy over the conventional agriculture System. This has essential policy implications that local government should strengthen subsequent management on Biogas production to extend the practical service life of the Biogas System.

Peter F. Pind - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • dynamics of the anaerobic process effects of volatile fatty acids
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2003
    Co-Authors: Peter F. Pind, Irini Angelidaki, Birgitte Kiaer Ahring
    Abstract:

    A complex and fast dynamic response of the anaerobic Biogas System was observed when the System was subjected to pulses of volatile fatty acids (VFAs). It was shown that a pulse of specific VFAs into a well-functioning continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) System operating on cow manure affected both CH4 yield, pH, and gas production and that a unique reaction pattern was seen for the higher VFAs as a result of these pulses. In this study, two thermophilic laboratory reactors were equipped with a novel VFA-sensor for monitoring specific VFAs online. Pulses of VFAs were shown to have a positive effect on process yield and the levels of all VFA were shown to stabilize at a lower level after the biomass had been subjected to several pulses. The response to pulses of propionate or acetate was different from the response to butyrate, iso-butyrate, valerate, or iso-valerate. High concentrations of propionate affected the degradation of all VFAs, while a pulse of acetate affected primarily the degradation of iso-valerate or 2-methylbutyrate. Pulses of n-butyrate, iso-butyrate, and iso-valerate yielded only acetate, while degradation of n-valerate gave both propionate and acetate. Product sensitivity or inhibition was shown for the degradation of all VFAs tested. Based on the results, it was concluded that measurements of all specific VFAs are important for control purposes and increase and decrease in a specific VFA should always be evaluated in close relationship to the conversion of other VFAs and the history of the reactor process. It should be pointed out that the observed dynamics of VFA responses were based on hourly measurements, meaning that the response duration was much lower than the hydraulic retention time, which exceeds several days in anaerobic CSTR Systems. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 82: 791–801, 2003.

  • Dynamics of the anaerobic process: Effects of volatile fatty acids
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2003
    Co-Authors: Peter F. Pind, Irini Angelidaki, Birgitte Kiaer Ahring
    Abstract:

    A complex and fast dynamic response of the anaerobic Biogas System was observed when the System was subjected to pulses of volatile fatty acids (VFAs). It was shown that a pulse of specific VFAs into a well-functioning continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) System operating on cow manure affected both CH(4) yield, pH, and gas production and that a unique reaction pattern was seen for the higher VFAs as a result of these pulses. In this study, two thermophilic laboratory reactors were equipped with a novel VFA-sensor for monitoring specific VFAs online. Pulses of VFAs were shown to have a positive effect on process yield and the levels of all VFA were shown to stabilize at a lower level after the biomass had been subjected to several pulses. The response to pulses of propionate or acetate was different from the response to butyrate, iso-butyrate, valerate, or iso-valerate. High concentrations of propionate affected the degradation of all VFAs, while a pulse of acetate affected primarily the degradation of iso-valerate or 2-methylbutyrate. Pulses of n-butyrate, iso-butyrate, and iso-valerate yielded only acetate, while degradation of n-valerate gave both propionate and acetate. Product sensitivity or inhibition was shown for the degradation of all VFAs tested. Based on the results, it was concluded that measurements of all specific VFAs are important for control purposes and increase and decrease in a specific VFA should always be evaluated in close relationship to the conversion of other VFAs and the history of the reactor process. It should be pointed out that the observed dynamics of VFA responses were based on hourly measurements, meaning that the response duration was much lower than the hydraulic retention time, which exceeds several days in anaerobic CSTR Systems.

X.f. Wu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • renewability and sustainability of Biogas System cosmic exergy based assessment for a case in china
    Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2015
    Co-Authors: X D Wu, Ahmed Alsaedi, X.f. Wu, Tasawar Hayat, G Q Chen, Qing Yang
    Abstract:

    The household-scale Biogas System gains its popularity in rural China, and is now playing a prominent role in relieving energy shortages and reducing environmental pollution. A comprehensive review is performed for related environmental and ecological assessment studies. For an overall assessment of the Biogas System, especially for its renewability and sustainability, an updated exergy methodology in terms of cosmic exergy is introduced in this paper, and is concretely illustrated by a case study to an integrated Biogas engineering in Hubei, China. Associated with the fundamental universal scale of the cosmic-solar-terrestrial ecoSystem, this new approach aggregates natural resources, economic inputs and environmental contamination on a common basis. Furthermore, a series of cosmic exergy based indicators are established to quantify the renewability and sustainability of the System. The integrated Biogas engineering is proved to be with remarkable positive net ecological benefits, around twice that of the corresponding conventional production System. Near half of resource inputs in the integrated Biogas System are found to be renewable. The renewability and sustainability of the Biogas System turn out to be respectively double and six times those of the conventional System. The findings are fully supportive for policy makers in their action towards further progress of Biogas project for sustainable development.

  • Sustainability of a typical Biogas System in China: Emergy-based ecological footprint assessment
    Ecological Informatics, 2015
    Co-Authors: X.f. Wu, X. H. Xia, X D Wu, Ahmed Alsaedi, T H Wu, Tasawar Hayat, Q. Yang, G Q Chen
    Abstract:

    Integrated Biogas utilization has experienced a rapid development in recent years in rural China, for both renewable energy production and waste treatment. On the basis of a modified Ecological Footprint (EF) indicator, this paper provides a comprehensive assessment of a "pig-Biogas-fish" System, a typical household integrated Biogas-utilization System in southern China, by focusing on the resources consumed and produced within the System. The method of Emergy Environmental Footprint as a combination of EF and emergy accounting is introduced to quantify the sustainability of the overall Biogas System and its three subSystems. Results reveal that the resource use intensity of the "pig-Biogas-fish" System, defined as the ratio of footprint investment to footprint delivered, is 0.48. Compared with the conventional animal husbandry System, the "pig-Biogas-fish" System proves to be of higher sustainability. And the findings have essential policy making implications supportive to a further spread of integrated Biogas-utilization modes in rural areas.

  • Ecological accounting for an integrated "pig-Biogas-fish" System based on emergetic indicators
    Ecological Indicators, 2014
    Co-Authors: X.f. Wu, X. H. Xia, T. Mi, X D Wu, J.s. Li, Tasawar Hayat, G Q Chen, Q. Yang, Ahmed Alsaedi
    Abstract:

    With the expansion of urbanization in China, the integrated Biogas-utilization System has gained its popularity for both renewable energy production and multi-level utilization of organic waste. To appraise the ecological performance of the integrated Biogas System, Systematic accounting is undertaken for an integrated "pig-Biogas-fish" System in Hubei province, China. Based on Odum's concept of embodied solar energy as a unified measure for environmental resources, human labors and purchased goods, a set of emergetic indicators are employed to quantify the System sustainability. The results reveal that in a 20-year designed lifetime scenario, 94.69% of the total emergy inputs for the "pig-Biogas-fish" System are attributed to purchased social resources. Three kinds of products, namely pig, Biogas, fish are taken into consideration, and transformity of the "pig-Biogas-fish" System is calculated as 1.26E + 05 seJ/J. Compared with the Chinese conventional agriculture System, the integrated Biogas System shows a higher sustainability. Given that most Biogas Systems have a lifespan less than 20 years, for the "pig-Biogas-fish" System, six other scenarios with different lifespans are studied to investigate the impact of the lifespan on sustainability. The findings suggest that the "pig-Biogas-fish" System should be well operated for at least 8 years to prove its advantage in ecological economy over the conventional agriculture System. This has essential policy implications that local government should strengthen subsequent management on Biogas production to extend the practical service life of the Biogas System.