The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Agustin Fuentes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Biological Anthropology s critical engagement with genomics evolution race racism and ourselves opportunities and challenges to making a difference in the academy and the world
American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2020Co-Authors: Agustin FuentesAbstract:Biological Anthropology can, and should, matter in the Anthropocene. Biological anthropologists are interested in human biology and the human experience in a broader ecological, evolutionary, and phylogenetic context. We are interested in the material of the body, the history of the body, and interactions of diverse bodies, communities, ecologies, and evolutionary processes. However, the cultural realities of bodies, histories, communities, livelihoods, perceptions, and experiences are as central to the endeavor and inquiry of Biological Anthropology as are their material aspects. Biological Anthropology is a constant dialectic between the cultural and the Biological. In this essay, I argue that Biological Anthropology has much to offer, a history to contend with, and a future that matters. To illustrate this, I highlight theoretical and methodological issues in genomics, evolutionary theory and connect them to the study of Race and Racism to emphasize specific arenas where Biological Anthropology has a great capacity, and a strong obligation, to play a central role. However, Biological Anthropology also has substantive internal issues that hinder our ability to do the best possible science. If we are to live up to our potential and make a difference in the 21st century we need to ameliorate our structural shortcomings and expand our voice, and impact, in academic and public discourse. The goal of this perspective is to offer suggestions for moving us toward this goal.
-
race and diversity in u s Biological Anthropology a decade of aapa initiatives
American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2018Co-Authors: Susan C Anton, Ripan S Malhi, Agustin FuentesAbstract:: Biological Anthropology studies the variation and evolution of living humans, non-human primates, and extinct ancestors and for this reason the field should be in an ideal position to attract scientists from a variety of backgrounds who have different views and experiences. However, the origin and history of the discipline, anecdotal observations, self-reports, and recent surveys suggest the field has significant barriers to attracting scholars of color. For a variety of reasons, including quantitative research that demonstrates that diverse groups do better science, the discipline should strive to achieve a more diverse composition. Here we discuss the background and underpinnings of the current and historical dearth of diversity in Biological Anthropology in the U.S. specifically as it relates to representation of minority and underrepresented minority (URM) (or racialized minority) scholars. We trace this lack of diversity to underlying issues of recruitment and retention in the STEM sciences generally, to the history of Anthropology particularly around questions of race-science, and to the absence of Anthropology at many minority-serving institutions, especially HBCUs, a situation that forestalls pathways to the discipline for many minority students. The AAPA Committee on Diversity (COD) was conceived as a means of assessing and improving diversity within the discipline, and we detail the history of the COD since its inception in 2006. Prior to the COD there were no systematic AAPA efforts to consider ethnoracial diversity in our ranks and no programming around questions of diversity and inclusion. Departmental survey data collected by the COD indicate that undergraduate majors in Biological Anthropology are remarkably diverse, but that the discipline loses these scholars between undergraduate and graduate school and systematically up rank. Our analysis of recent membership demographic survey data (2014 and 2017) shows Biological Anthropology to have less ethnoracial diversity than even the affiliated STEM disciplines of Biology and Anatomy; nearly 87% of AAPA members in the United States identify as white and just 7% as URM scholars. These data also suggest that the intersection of race and gender significantly influence scholarly representation. In response to these data, we describe a substantial body of programs that have been developed by the COD to improve diversity in our ranks. Through these programs we identify principal concerns that contribute to the loss of scholars of color from the discipline at different stages in their careers, propose other directions that programming for recruitment should take, and discuss the beginnings of how to develop a more inclusive discipline at all career stages.
-
centralizing fieldwork critical perspectives from primatology Biological and social Anthropology
2011Co-Authors: Jeremy Macclancy, Agustin FuentesAbstract:1. Centralizing Fieldwork Jeremy MacClancy and Agustin Fuentes 2. The Do's and Don'ts of Fieldwork Geoffrey A. Harrison 3. The Anthropologist as a Primatologist: Mental Journeys of a Fieldworker Volker Sommer 4. Primate Fieldwork and its Human Contexts in Southern Madagascar Robert W. Sussman 5. Problem Animals or Problem People? Ethics, Politics and Practice or Conflict between Community Perspectives and Fieldwork on Conservation Phyllis C. Lee 6. Ecological Anthropology and Primatology: Fieldwork Practices and Mutual Benefits Juichi Yamagiwa 7. Lost in Translation: Field Primatology, Culture, and Interdisciplinary Approaches Nobuyuki Kutsukake 8. Measuring Meaning and Understanding in Primatological and Biological Anthropology Fieldwork: Context and Practice Agustin Fuentes 9. Fieldwork as Research Process and Community Engagement Mark Eggerman and Catherine Panter-Brick 10. Framing the Quantitative within the Qualitative: Why Biological Anthropologists do Fieldwork Lyliane Rosetta 11. Considerations on Field Methods used to assess Non-human Primate Feeding Behaviours and Human Food Intake in terms of nutritional requirements Claude Marcel Hladik 12. AnthropoBiological Surveys in the Field: A reflection on the Bioethics of Human Medical and DNA Surveys Alain Froment 13. Field Schools in Central America: playing a pivotal role in the formation of modern field primatologists Katherine C. MacKinnon 14. The Narrator's Stance: Story-telling and Science at Berenty Reserve Alison Jolly 15. Natural Homes: Primate Fieldwork and the Anthropological Method Pamela J. Asquith 16. Popularizing Fieldwork: Examples from Primatology and Biological Anthropology Jeremy MacClancy Index
-
the new Biological Anthropology bringing washburn s new physical Anthropology into 2010 and beyond the 2008 aapa luncheon lecture
American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2010Co-Authors: Agustin FuentesAbstract:Nearly 60 years ago, Sherwood Washburn issued a call for a "New Physical Anthropology," a transition from measurement and classification toward a focus on the processes and mechanisms of evolutionary change. He advocated multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches to the understanding of human behavior, biology, and history. Many interpret this as a call for a practice that is both Biological and anthropological. Is this what we do? Are we Biological anthropologists yet? In this essay, I explore what we, Physical Anthropologists, as a discipline are doing in the context of a New Physical Anthropology, where we might be headed, and why this discussion is crucial to our relevance.
Trudy R Turner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
participation representation and shared experiences of women scholars in Biological Anthropology
American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2018Co-Authors: Trudy R Turner, Robin M Bernstein, Andrea B Taylor, Abigail Asangba, Traci A Bekelman, Jennifer Danzy Cramer, Sarah Elton, Katarina Harvati, Erin Marie Williamshatala, Laurie KauffmanAbstract:American Association of Physical Anthropologists (AAPA) membership surveys from 1996 and 1998 revealed significant gender disparities in academic status. A 2014 follow-up survey showed that gender equality had improved, particularly with respect to the number of women in tenure-stream positions. However, although women comprised 70% of AAPA membership at that time, the percentage of women full professors remained low. Here, we continue to consider the status of women in Biological Anthropology by examining the representation of women through a quantitative analysis of their participation in annual meetings of the AAPA during the past 20 years. We also review the programmatic goals of the AAPA Committee on Diversity Women's Initiative (COD-WIN) and provide survey results of women who participated in COD-WIN professional development workshops. Finally, we examine the diversity of women's career paths through the personal narratives of 14 women Biological anthropologists spanning all ranks from graduate student to Professor Emeritus. We find that over the past 20 years, the percentage of women first authors of invited symposia talks has increased, particularly in the sub-disciplines of bioarchaeology, genetics, and paleoAnthropology. The percentage of women first authors on contributed talks and posters has also increased. However, these observed increases are still lower than expected given the percentage of graduate student women and women at the rank of assistant and associate professor. The personal narratives highlight first-hand the impact of mentoring on career trajectory, the challenges of achieving work-life satisfaction, and resilience in the face of the unexpected. We end with some suggestions for how to continue to improve equality and equity for women in Biological Anthropology.
-
Biological Anthropology and ethics from repatriation to genetic identity
2005Co-Authors: Trudy R TurnerAbstract:Biological anthropologists face an array of ethical issues as they engage in fieldwork around the world. In this volume human biologists, geneticists, paleontologists, and primatologists confront their involvement with, and obligations to, their research subjects, their discipline, society, and the environment. Those working with human populations explore such issues as who speaks for a group, community consultation and group consent, the relationship between expatriate communities and the community of origin, and disclosing the identity of both individuals and communities.
-
changes in Biological Anthropology results of the 1998 american association of physical Anthropology membership survey
American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2002Co-Authors: Trudy R TurnerAbstract:In response to the results of the 1996 survey of the membership of the American Association of Physical Anthropology (AAPA), the Executive Committee of the Association sponsored a follow-up survey designed to assess gender and specialty differences in training, employment, academic status, mentoring, and research support. A total of 993 questionnaires was analyzed, representing approximately 62% of the 1998 membership of the Association. There has been a marked shift in the number of males and females in the discipline from the 1960s to the 1990s. While 51.2% of all respondents are female and 48.8% are male, 70% of the students are female. Chi-square tests indicate significant differences between males and females by highest degree, age, status, obtaining a tenure-track position, receiving tenure, and taking nontenure-track employment before receiving a tenure-track position. In recent years, there has been an increasing number of females in the ranks of assistant and associate professors; however, this is not true for the rank of professor. There are also significant differences between males and females by specialty within the discipline: researchers in primatology, human Biological variation, skeletal biology, and paleopathology are primarily female, while researchers in human and primate evolution are increasingly female.
Jennifer L Davis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
soylent is people and weird is white Biological Anthropology whiteness and the limits of the weird
Annual Review of Anthropology, 2019Co-Authors: Kathryn B H Clancy, Jennifer L DavisAbstract:WEIRD populations, or those categorized as Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic, are sampled in the majority of quantitative human subjects research. Although this oversampling i...
Jay T Stock - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
thrifty phenotype versus cold adaptation trade offs in upper limb proportions of himalayan populations of nepal
Royal Society Open Science, 2018Co-Authors: Stephanie Payne, Jay T Stock, Emma Pomeroy, Alison A MacintoshAbstract:National Geographic Society; British Association for Biological Anthropology and Osteoarchaeology; Sigma Xi Scientific Research Society; Trinity Hall, University of Cambridge; and Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge.
-
body size skeletal biomechanics mobility and habitual activity from the late palaeolithic to the mid dynastic nile valley
Human Bioarchaeology of the Transition to Agriculture, 2011Co-Authors: Jay T Stock, Matthew C Oneill, Christopher B Ruff, Melissa Zabecki, Laura L Shackelford, Jerome C RoseAbstract:1 Leverhulme Centre for Human Evolutionary Studies, Department of Biological Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QH, UK 2 Centre for Functional Anatomy and Evolution, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA 3 Department of Behavioural Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fort Smith 4 Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA 5 Department of Anthropology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
Michael L Blakey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
understanding racism in physical Biological Anthropology
American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2021Co-Authors: Michael L BlakeyAbstract:The mainstream of American physical Anthropology began as racist and eugenical science that defended slavery, restricted "non-Nordic" immigration, and justified Jim Crow segregation. After World War II, the field became more anti-racial than anti-racist. It has continued as a study of natural influences on human variation and thus continues to evade the social histories of inequitable Biological variation. Also reflecting its occupancy of white space, Biological Anthropology continues to deny its own racist history and marginalizes the contributions of Blacks. Critical disciplinary history and a shift toward biocultural studies might begin an anti-racist human biology.