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Suzana Refiani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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gonad maturity of coconut crab Birgus Latro in pasoso island central sulawesi
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia, 2009Co-Authors: Suzana Refiani, Fadly Y TantuAbstract:Study on gonad maturity of coconut crab ( Birgus Latro ) was carried out from June 2004 to January 2005. Crabs were collected by some gears such as trap, net and by hand. Observation was done to know sex ratio, gonad maturity and eggs diameter, while analysis was employed to estimate condition factor, gonado somatic index and fecundity. Observation result showed that condition factor, gonad maturity and gonado somatic index varied depending on sampling month. Gonado somatic index showed a high value around November/December. A similar result was also showed by condition factor and gonado somatic index that was high around November /December. Fecundity varied from 58.717 to 197.400. Oocyte diameter varied from 0,015 to 0,035 mm, had one mode that is clasified to be a total spawner. Keywords : Gonad maturity, coconut crab ( Birgus Latro ), total spawner. ABSTRAK Penelitian tentang kematangan gonad kepiting kelapa ( Birgus Latro ) dilakukan sejak Juni 2004 sampai Februari 2005. Sampel kepiting ditangkap dengan menggunakan beberapa peralatan, yaitu perangkap, jaring dan secara langsung dengan tangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap jenis kelamin, kematangan gonad dan diameter telur, sedangkan analisis dilakukan untuk menentukan faktor kondisi, indeks kematangan gonad, dan fekunditas. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa faktor kondisi, kematangan gonad dan indeks kematangan gonad bervariasi tergantung dari bulan pengambilan contoh. Pengamatan kematangan gonad menunjukkan bahwa nilai tertinggi terdapat pada November/Desember. Keadaan yang sama juga ditunjukkan dengan nilai faktor kondisi dan indeks kematangan gonad yang cukup tinggi pada bulan November /Desember. Fekunditas berkisar antara 58.717-197.400 butir telur. Diameter telur berkisar antara 0,015-0,035 mm, memiliki 1 puncak sehingga dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai total spawner. Kata kunci : Kematangan gonad, kepiting kelapa ( Birgus Latro ), total spawner.
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struktur morfologis dan histologis gonad kepiting kelapa Birgus Latro 1
2009Co-Authors: Suzana RefianiAbstract:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur morfologis dan histologis gonad kepiting kelapa (Birgus Latro). Struktur morfologis gonad jantan dan betina dideskripsikan berdasarkan ukuran, keadaan permukaan, warna dan tingkat kepenuhan dalam abdomen. Struktur histologis gonad jantan dicirikan dengan adanya spermatosit, spermatid dan spermatofor dengan metode pewarnaan PAS-Hematoksilin, sedangkan gonad betina dideskripsikan berdasarkan perkembangan oosit, keadaan nukleus, dan deposit kuning telur dengan metode pewarnaan Hematoksilin-Eosin. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa secara morfologis testes berwarna putih-kecoklatan, permukaan halus dan mengisi sekitar 5-40% abdomen, sedangkan ovarium berwarna putih, abu-abu sampai merah tua, permukaan halus sampai kasar, dan mengisi sekitar 25-80% abdomen. Secara histologis, pada testes terlihat adanya spermatosit, spermatid, dan spermatozoa yang terbungkus dalam spermatofor, sedangkan pada ovarium terlihat adanya oosit yang berada pada stadia awal sampai berkembang. Kata kunci: Struktur morfologis dan histologis gonad, kepiting kelapa (Birgus Latro).
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morphological and histological structures of gonad of coconut crab Birgus Latro
Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan dan Perikanan Indonesia, 2009Co-Authors: Suzana RefianiAbstract:The study was aimed to investigate the secondary morphological and histological structures of gonad of coconut crab (Birgus Latro). Morphologically, male and female gonads were described based on size, surface condition, colour and ocupied stage in abdomen. Histologically, male gonad was described based on appearance of spermatocyte, spematid and spermatophore using PAS-Hematoksilin method, while female gonad was described on oocyte development, nucleus condition, and deposit of oocyte using Hematoksilin-Eosin methods. Morphologically, testes are smooths, white-brownish, and occupied about 9-40% abdoment, while ovarium surface are smooth-granule, whitish, grey-dark, red, and occupied about 25-80% abdoment. Histologically, the testes showed spermatocyte, spermatid, and spermatozoa in spermatophore, while the ovarium showed oocyte at premature-mature conditions. Key words: Morphological and histological structures, gonad, coconut crab (Birgus Latro).
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kematangan gonad kepiting kelapa Birgus Latro di pulau pasoso sulawesi tengah gonad maturity of coconut crab Birgus Latro in pasoso island central sulawesi
2009Co-Authors: Suzana Refiani, Fadly Y TantuAbstract:Study on gonad maturity of coconut crab (Birgus Latro) was carried out from June 2004 to January 2005. Crabs were collected by some gears such as trap, net and by hand. Observation was done to know sex ratio, gonad maturity and eggs diameter, while analysis was employed to estimate condition factor, gonado somatic index and fecundity. Observation result showed that condition factor, gonad maturity and gonado somatic index varied depending on sampling month. Gonado somatic index showed a high value around November/December. A similar result was also showed by condition factor and gonado somatic index that was high around November /December. Fecundity varied from 58.717 to 197.400. Oocyte diameter varied from 0,015 to 0,035 mm, had one mode that is clasified to be a total spawner.
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kematangan gonad kepiting kelapa Birgus Latro di pulau pasoso sulawesi tengah
Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan dan Perikanan Indonesia, 2008Co-Authors: Suzana Refiani, Fadly Y TantuAbstract:Penelitian tentang kematangan gonad kepiting kelapa (Birgus Latro) dilakukan sejak Juni 2004 sampai Februari 2005. Contoh kepiting ditangkap dengan menggunakan beberapa peralatan, yaitu perangkap, jaring, dan secara langsung dengan tangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap jenis kelamin, kematangan gonad, dan diameter telur, sedangkan analisis dilakukan untuk menentukan faktor kondisi, indeks kematangan gonad, dan fekunditas. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa faktor kondisi, kematangan gonad, dan indeks kematangan gonad bervariasi tergantung dari bulan pengambilan contoh. Pengamatan kematangan gonad menunjukkan bahwa nilai tertinggi terdapat pada November/Desember. Keadaan yang sama juga ditunjukkan dengan nilai faktor kondisi dan indeks kematangan gonad yang cukup tinggi pada bulan November /Desember. Fekunditas berkisar antara 58 717 - 197 400 butir telur. Diameter telur berkisar antara 0.015-0.035 mm, memiliki 1 puncak sehingga dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai total spawner.Kata kunci: kematangan gonad, kepiting kelapa (Birgus Latro), total spawner Study on gonad maturity of coconut crab (Birgus Latro) was carried out from June 2004 to January 2005. Crabs were collected by traps, nets, and by bare hand. Observation was done to know sex ratio, gonad maturity, and eggs diameter, while analysis was employed to estimate condition factor, gonado somatic index, and fecundity. Observation result showed that condition factor, gonad maturity, and gonado somatic index varied depending on sampling month. Gonado somatic index showed a high value around November/December. A similar result was also showed by condition factor and gonado somatic index that was high around November /December. Fecundity varied from 58 717 to 197 400. Oocyte diameter varied from 0.015 to 0.035 mm, with one mode leat tobe classified as total spawner animal.Key words: gonad maturity, coconut crab (Birgus Latro), total spawner.
Bill S Hansson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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acetoin is a key odor for resource location in the giant robber crab Birgus Latro
The Journal of Experimental Biology, 2019Co-Authors: Markus Knaden, Sonja Bischknaden, Jeanine Linz, Andreas Reinecke, Jakob Krieger, Susanne Erland, Steffen Harzsch, Bill S HanssonAbstract:ABSTRACT The terrestrial and omnivorous robber crab Birgus Latro inhabits islands of the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. The animals live solitarily but occasionally gather at freshly opened coconuts or fructiferous arenga palms. By analyzing volatiles of coconuts and arenga fruit, we identified five compounds, including acetoin, which are present in both food sources. In a behavioral screen performed in the crabs9 habitat, a beach on Christmas Island, we found that of 15 tested fruit compounds, acetoin was the only volatile eliciting significant attraction. Hence, acetoin might play a key role in governing the crabs9 aggregation behavior at both food sources.
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notes on the foraging strategies of the giant robber crab Birgus Latro anomala on christmas island evidence for active predation on red crabs gecarcoidea natalis brachyura
Zoological Studies, 2016Co-Authors: Jakob Krieger, Michelle M Drew, Bill S Hansson, Steffen HarzschAbstract:Jakob Krieger, Michelle M. Drew, Bill S. Hansson, and Steffen Harzsch (2016) Christmas Island, Indian Ocean, currently supports one of the largest populations of the giant terrestrial robber crab, Birgus Latro (Crustacea, Anomala, Coenobitidae), the largest land living arthropod. Robber crabs are considered opportunistic omnivores feeding on a diversity of plants as well as animal derived foods. Previous reports indicate that the B. Latro is primarily an omnivorous scavenger; however, there is some anecdotal evidence suggesting that the species may also hunt actively. Between 2010 and 2012 during three field trips to Christmas Island, we observed and documented active predatory behavior of B. Latro on the endemic Christmas Island red crab, Gecarcoidea natalis (Brachyura, Gecarcinidae). Our observations suggest that B. Latro does actively hunt, and exhibits at least two distinct predatory strategies. Large robber crabs are able to actively overwhelm and kill red crabs, while smaller individuals are likely to provoke red crabs to autotomize limbs on which to feed. These findings may indicate a much tighter predator-prey relationship between robber crabs and red crabs than considered before.
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factors influencing growth of giant terrestrial robber crab Birgus Latro anomura coenobitidae on christmas island
Aquatic Biology, 2013Co-Authors: Michelle M Drew, Michael J Smith, Bill S HanssonAbstract:Birgus Latro has significant conservation and socio-economic importance throughout its range, yet very little is known about its growth in its natural habitat. An extensive mark- recapture program was undertaken on Christmas Island, Australia, in which over 1440 individual crabs were uniquely identified using passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags. Over 18% of the tagged population was recaptured at least once and remeasured, providing substantial informa- tion on growth of B. Latro. Our results show that in its natural setting B. Latro is a very slow-growing species. Individuals commonly experience conditions that result in zero or negative growth. Sex, size, and injury all strongly influence the crab's moult increment. Males approached zero growth at around 65 mm in thoracic length (TL), while growth in females started to plateau at around 50 mm TL. Injury frequently led to negative growth, particularly in individuals that had lost a claw and/or multiple limbs—presumably due to a loss of foraging opportunities or access to other resources and a redistribution of available energy into limb regrowth. Our study indicates that previous growth curves do not adequately describe the growth of B. Latro in its natural setting and that individual crabs may live over 30 yr longer than previously predicted, with large crabs likely to be over 100 years old. This may have serious implications for the long-term conservation of the species in the face of continuing exploitation.
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an improved mark recapture method using passive integrated transponder pit tags in Birgus Latro linnaeus 1767 decapoda anomura
Crustaceana, 2012Co-Authors: Michelle M Drew, R G Hartnoll, Bill S HanssonAbstract:The effectiveness of Passive Integrated Transponders (PIT tags) was investigated in the robber or coconut crab, Birgus Latro. A pilot study was conducted in Chumbe Island, Zanzibar, and a definitive study on Christmas Island, Indian Ocean. No mortality or adverse behaviour was recorded as a result of PIT tagging. On Christmas Island 1150 crabs were tagged in 2009 and 2010. In the period to April 2011, 169 crabs were recaptured, some up to four times. Of these, 67 had moulted before recapture. Approximately equal numbers of each sex were marked, and recaptured. Tag loss was estimated at ~5%. Alternative sampling protocols using grid and transect searches were tested. They produced different results in terms of sampling efficiency and sex ratio: sampling protocol must be considered when interpreting data.PIT tagging in Birgus is a promising method for long term population studies. It promises low tag loss and good recapture rates in comparison with previous studies.
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a review of the biology and ecology of the robber crab Birgus Latro linnaeus 1767 anomura coenobitidae
Zoologischer Anzeiger, 2010Co-Authors: Michelle M Drew, Susanne Erland, Steffen Harzsch, Marcus C Stensmyr, Bill S HanssonAbstract:Abstract Birgus Latro (L.) is the largest terrestrial hermit crab in the world. The species is widely distributed on remote Indo-Pacific islands of the tropics, but it is rapidly declining and is currently classified as data deficient on the IUCN red list. This review provides a synopsis of both published and unpublished data on the biology and ecology of B. Latro . It highlights the lack of robust biological information on the species’ basic biology, particularly in the juvenile and reproductive phases, while behavioural ecology studies are few and report conflicting data between populations. Population studies indicate that B. Latro may have limited recruitment events throughout its range, emphasising the need for more systematic research to clearly identify factors that influence successful recruitment events. The review highlights the paucity of substantiated peer reviewed studies on this species and emphasises the need for further systematic research.
Fadly Y Tantu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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gonad maturity of coconut crab Birgus Latro in pasoso island central sulawesi
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia, 2009Co-Authors: Suzana Refiani, Fadly Y TantuAbstract:Study on gonad maturity of coconut crab ( Birgus Latro ) was carried out from June 2004 to January 2005. Crabs were collected by some gears such as trap, net and by hand. Observation was done to know sex ratio, gonad maturity and eggs diameter, while analysis was employed to estimate condition factor, gonado somatic index and fecundity. Observation result showed that condition factor, gonad maturity and gonado somatic index varied depending on sampling month. Gonado somatic index showed a high value around November/December. A similar result was also showed by condition factor and gonado somatic index that was high around November /December. Fecundity varied from 58.717 to 197.400. Oocyte diameter varied from 0,015 to 0,035 mm, had one mode that is clasified to be a total spawner. Keywords : Gonad maturity, coconut crab ( Birgus Latro ), total spawner. ABSTRAK Penelitian tentang kematangan gonad kepiting kelapa ( Birgus Latro ) dilakukan sejak Juni 2004 sampai Februari 2005. Sampel kepiting ditangkap dengan menggunakan beberapa peralatan, yaitu perangkap, jaring dan secara langsung dengan tangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap jenis kelamin, kematangan gonad dan diameter telur, sedangkan analisis dilakukan untuk menentukan faktor kondisi, indeks kematangan gonad, dan fekunditas. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa faktor kondisi, kematangan gonad dan indeks kematangan gonad bervariasi tergantung dari bulan pengambilan contoh. Pengamatan kematangan gonad menunjukkan bahwa nilai tertinggi terdapat pada November/Desember. Keadaan yang sama juga ditunjukkan dengan nilai faktor kondisi dan indeks kematangan gonad yang cukup tinggi pada bulan November /Desember. Fekunditas berkisar antara 58.717-197.400 butir telur. Diameter telur berkisar antara 0,015-0,035 mm, memiliki 1 puncak sehingga dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai total spawner. Kata kunci : Kematangan gonad, kepiting kelapa ( Birgus Latro ), total spawner.
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kematangan gonad kepiting kelapa Birgus Latro di pulau pasoso sulawesi tengah gonad maturity of coconut crab Birgus Latro in pasoso island central sulawesi
2009Co-Authors: Suzana Refiani, Fadly Y TantuAbstract:Study on gonad maturity of coconut crab (Birgus Latro) was carried out from June 2004 to January 2005. Crabs were collected by some gears such as trap, net and by hand. Observation was done to know sex ratio, gonad maturity and eggs diameter, while analysis was employed to estimate condition factor, gonado somatic index and fecundity. Observation result showed that condition factor, gonad maturity and gonado somatic index varied depending on sampling month. Gonado somatic index showed a high value around November/December. A similar result was also showed by condition factor and gonado somatic index that was high around November /December. Fecundity varied from 58.717 to 197.400. Oocyte diameter varied from 0,015 to 0,035 mm, had one mode that is clasified to be a total spawner.
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kematangan gonad kepiting kelapa Birgus Latro di pulau pasoso sulawesi tengah
Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan dan Perikanan Indonesia, 2008Co-Authors: Suzana Refiani, Fadly Y TantuAbstract:Penelitian tentang kematangan gonad kepiting kelapa (Birgus Latro) dilakukan sejak Juni 2004 sampai Februari 2005. Contoh kepiting ditangkap dengan menggunakan beberapa peralatan, yaitu perangkap, jaring, dan secara langsung dengan tangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap jenis kelamin, kematangan gonad, dan diameter telur, sedangkan analisis dilakukan untuk menentukan faktor kondisi, indeks kematangan gonad, dan fekunditas. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa faktor kondisi, kematangan gonad, dan indeks kematangan gonad bervariasi tergantung dari bulan pengambilan contoh. Pengamatan kematangan gonad menunjukkan bahwa nilai tertinggi terdapat pada November/Desember. Keadaan yang sama juga ditunjukkan dengan nilai faktor kondisi dan indeks kematangan gonad yang cukup tinggi pada bulan November /Desember. Fekunditas berkisar antara 58 717 - 197 400 butir telur. Diameter telur berkisar antara 0.015-0.035 mm, memiliki 1 puncak sehingga dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai total spawner.Kata kunci: kematangan gonad, kepiting kelapa (Birgus Latro), total spawner Study on gonad maturity of coconut crab (Birgus Latro) was carried out from June 2004 to January 2005. Crabs were collected by traps, nets, and by bare hand. Observation was done to know sex ratio, gonad maturity, and eggs diameter, while analysis was employed to estimate condition factor, gonado somatic index, and fecundity. Observation result showed that condition factor, gonad maturity, and gonado somatic index varied depending on sampling month. Gonado somatic index showed a high value around November/December. A similar result was also showed by condition factor and gonado somatic index that was high around November /December. Fecundity varied from 58 717 to 197 400. Oocyte diameter varied from 0.015 to 0.035 mm, with one mode leat tobe classified as total spawner animal.Key words: gonad maturity, coconut crab (Birgus Latro), total spawner.
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preliminary study on domestication of coconut crab Birgus Latro
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia, 2007Co-Authors: Suzana Refiani, Fadly Y TantuAbstract:Preliminary study on domestication of coconut crab ( Birgus Latro ) had been done since June - November 2004 and December - 2005 February 2006. Study was carried out in two locations namely Laboratory of Sekolah Tinggi Kelautan dan Perikanan, Palu to study adult crab, and Laboratory of Ecobiology of Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Bogor Agricultural University to study crab in clomang stage. Adult crabs were collected by using some fishing gears namely trap, net and directly using bamboo stick. Domestication was done in rearing batch sized 1x1x1 m 3 with artificial nests (30x15x15 cm 3 ), and small batch for water (7x10x10 cm 3 ). While for clomang stage, crabs were reared in aquarium (80x40x40 cm 3 ) with debris and small water batch. Result showed that adult crab had a survival rate around 12.5-0%, and mortality around 50-87.5%. A similar result was also in clomang stage, which was 12.5% for survival rate and 87.5% for mortality. Adult coconut crab was preferred to feed coconut than other food likely vegetable and chick. Keywords: domestication, coconut crab, Birgus Latro , food habit ABSTRAK Penelitian awal mengenai kajian awal penangkaran kepiting kelapa ( Birgus Latro ) dilakukan pada bulan Juni - November 2004 dan Desember 2005 Februari 2006. Pelaksanaan penelitian di lakukan di dua tempat, yaitu Laboratorium Sekolah Tinggi Kelautan dan Perikanan, Palu untuk percobaan kepiting dewasa, dan Laboratorium Ekobiologi Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan IPB Bogor, untuk percobaan kepiting tahap klomang. Kepiting dewasa ditangkap dengan menggunakan beberapa peralatan a.l. perangkap, jaring dan secara langsung dengan tongkat. Penangkaran dilakukan di bak-bak peliharaan berukuran 1x1x1 m 3 yang dilengkapi dengan tempat persembunyian (30x15x15 cm 3 ), dan bak kecil tempat air (7x10x10 cm 3 ). Sedangkan kepiting tahap klomang dipelihara di akuarium (80x40x40 cm 3 ) yang diberi daun/serasah dan tempat air. Hasil uji coba penangkaran kepiting kelapa dewasa menunjukkan bahwa tingkat survival rate berkisar 12,5-50%, dan tingkat mortalitasnya sebesar 50-87,5%. Keadaan yang serupa juga dijumpai pada stadia klomang dimana survival ratenya sebesar 12,5% dan mortalitasnya sebesar 87,5%. Dari uji coba makanan yang diberikan, diketahui bahwa kepiting dewasa kebanyakan lebih menyukai kelapa, dibandingkan jenis makanan yang berupa sayur ataupun ayam. Kata kunci: penangkaran, kepiting kelapa ( Birgus Latro ), makanan.
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penangkaran kepiting kelapa Birgus Latro di indonesia
2005Co-Authors: Fadly Y Tantu, Suzana RefianiAbstract:Penelitian 1tentang tentang penangkaran kepiting kelapa (Birgus Latro) dilakukan sejak tahun 2004 sampai 2006. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua tahap. Penelitian tahap pertama dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui aspek biologi, khususnya aspek reproduksi (tahun 2004-2005), sedangkan penelitian kedua dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui teknik penangkarannya (2005-2006). Dari beberapa aspek biologi reproduksi yang diamati dapat disimpulkan bahwa kepiting kelapa (Birgus Latro) diperkiarakan mengalami puncak pemijahan pada November/Desember. Nilai tersebut dapat dilihat pada nilai faktor kondisi dan nilai Indek kematangan gonad kepiting kelapa yang cukup tinggi pada bulan November /Desember.
Supyan Supyan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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studi potensi kepiting kenari Birgus Latro berukuran dewasa di pantai barat pulau ternate propinsi maluku utara
Techno: Jurnal Penelitian, 2018Co-Authors: Supyan Supyan, Yuyun AbubakarAbstract:Kepiting kelapa ( Birgus Latro ), merupakan salah satu organisme endemik yang saat ini tengah mengalami ancaman penurunan populasi dan perlu dikonservasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Bulan Juli – September 2015 di Pantai Barat Pulau Ternate dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya potensi kepiting kenari (berukuran dewasa) sebagai salah satu upaya pelestarian terhadap hewan yang dilindungi ini. metode yang digunakan adalah metode survey post facto melalui penandaan ( Mark Recapture Methods ) dengan lokasi sampling di Tadume Utara, Togafo 1, Togafo ujung selatan dan, Takome. Selama pengamatan, induk kepiting kelapa yang ditemukan di stasiun Tadume ujung adalah 7 ekor, Togafo 3 ekor, Togafo ujung 5 ekor dan Takome 5 ekor masing-masng pada area 10.000 m2 (1 Ha). Secara total, estimasi jumlah populasi kepiting kenari di lokasi penelitian adalah 46 individu per 40.000m2. Jumlah sampel kepiting kelapa yang diperoleh selama penelitian berjumlah 20 ekor yang terdiri dari 13 ekor kepiting jantan dan 7 ekor kepiting betina. Hasil uji chi-kuadrat menunjukkan bahwa nisbah kelamin kepiting kelapa jantan dan betina yang tertangkap selama penelitian adalah 0,90 pada taraf signifikansi 5 %. Hal ini berarti bahwa rasio kelamin jantan dan betina adalah 1:1 atau tidak terjadi penyimpangan nisbah kelamin antara jantan dan betina pada kepiting kelapa di Pulau Ternate. Kata kunci : Birgus Latro , kepadatan populasi, rasio kelamin, kepiting kelapa
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kondisi populasi kepiting kelapa Birgus Latro dan strategi pengelolaannya di pulau ternate
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kemaritiman dan Sumber Daya Pulau-Pulau Kecil, 2018Co-Authors: Supyan Supyan, Muliadi IdhamAbstract:Kepiting kelapa (B. Latro) merupakan salah satu spesies dari krustasea yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi namun sudah dianggap langka dan dikelompokkan dalam kategori rawan oleh International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Di Indonesia, status populasi hewan ini belum diketahui secara pasti, namun sudah cenderung menurun karena terus dimanfaatkan oleh penduduk setempat baik untuk konsumsi maupun untuk diperdagngkan. Penangkapan yang dilakukan secara terus menerus tanpa memperhatikan kelestariannya akan menyebabkan populasinya semakin langka ditemukan. Oleh karena itu perlu pemahaman aspek biologi dan ekologinya sehingga tindakan manajemen stok yang tepat dapat diterapkan untuk pelestarian dan jika mungkin, mengembangkan sumber daya ini sangat penting Data pada peneitian ini bersumber dari data primer dan data sekunder. Data sekunder didapatkan dari studi yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya baik oleh penulis maupun oleh pihak lain yang masih berkaitan dengan objek kajian. Data primer didapatkan dari observasi langsung yang dilakukan di Pantai Barat dan Utara pada bulan Febuari – Mei 2017 dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi bioekologi dan persepsi masyarakat terhadap status populasi Kepiting kelapa di Pulau Ternate serta merumuskan strategi pengelolaan yang berkelanjutan. Pengambilan sampel Kepiting kelapa dan habitatnya dilakukan dengan survei jelajah, sedangkan data persepsi masyarakat didapatkan dengan interview dan wawancara mendalam (FGD). Data yang didapatkan dianalisis dengan deskriptif dan kuantitatif. Kondisi ekologi dan persepsi masyarakat dianalisis dengan dekriptif. Strategi dan rekomendasi pengelolaan ditentukan dengan menggunakan analisis SWOT. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dengan metode tanda, kepadatan Kepiting kelapa di pantai Sulamadaha adalah 0,00135 individu/ m2 atau sama dengan 1 individu didapat pada setiap luasan 741 m2, stasiun Telaga Nita memiliki nilai kepadatan 0,00067 individu/ m2 atau 1 individu didapat dalam setiap luasan 1500 m2. Hasil wawancara dengan beberapa responden di Kelurahan Tobololo dan Sulamadaha menunjukan bahwa sebagian besar dari mereka yang memanfaatkan Kepiting kelapa di sekitar pantai yang dekat dari tempat tinggal mereka hanya menangkap atau memanfaatkan kepiting sebagai makanan tambahan dan sebagai salingan pekerjaan. Selain itu, rendahnya pengetahuan tentang pengaturan waktu dan ukuran tangkap menjadi penyebab terjadinya over eksploitasi terhadap sumberdaya ini. Hasil analisis SWOT menunjukkan bahwa posisi pengembangan pengelolaan kepiting di lokasi kajian berada pada kuadran IV (WT). Strategi yang tepat pada posisi ini adalah strategi bertahan yakni meminimalkan kelemahan dan menghindari ancaman yang ada. Arahan kebijakan yang direkomendasikan adalah pemantauan secara sistematis, pembatasan area dan ukuran tangkap, pemahaman aspek bioekologi kepada stakeholder, penutupan restoran penyaji kepiting dan penangkaran untuk menghasilkan F2. Kata kunci : Birgus Latro, strategi pengelolaan, populasi, analisis SWOT, Pulau Ternate
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KONDISI POPULASI KEPITING KELAPA (Birgus Latro) DAN STRATEGI PENGELOLAANNYA DI PULAU TERNATE
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kemaritiman dan Sumber Daya Pulau-Pulau Kecil, 2018Co-Authors: Supyan Supyan, Idham MuliadiAbstract:Kepiting kelapa (B. Latro) merupakan salah satu spesies dari krustasea yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi namun sudah dianggap langka dan dikelompokkan dalam kategori rawan oleh International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Di Indonesia, status populasi hewan ini belum diketahui secara pasti, namun sudah cenderung menurun karena terus dimanfaatkan oleh penduduk setempat baik untuk konsumsi maupun untuk diperdagngkan. Penangkapan yang dilakukan secara terus menerus tanpa memperhatikan kelestariannya akan menyebabkan populasinya semakin langka ditemukan. Oleh karena itu perlu pemahaman aspek biologi dan ekologinya sehingga tindakan manajemen stok yang tepat dapat diterapkan untuk pelestarian dan jika mungkin, mengembangkan sumber daya ini sangat pentingData pada peneitian ini bersumber dari data primer dan data sekunder. Data sekunder didapatkan dari studi yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya baik oleh penulis maupun oleh pihak lain yang masih berkaitan dengan objek kajian. Data primer didapatkan dari observasi langsung yang dilakukan di Pantai Barat dan Utara pada bulan Febuari – Mei 2017 dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi bioekologi dan persepsi masyarakat terhadap status populasi Kepiting kelapa di Pulau Ternate serta merumuskan strategi pengelolaan yang berkelanjutan. Pengambilan sampel Kepiting kelapa dan habitatnya dilakukan dengan survei jelajah, sedangkan data persepsi masyarakat didapatkan dengan interview dan wawancara mendalam (FGD). Data yang didapatkan dianalisis dengan deskriptif dan kuantitatif. Kondisi ekologi dan persepsi masyarakat dianalisis dengan dekriptif. Strategi dan rekomendasi pengelolaan ditentukan dengan menggunakan analisis SWOT.Berdasarkan hasil analisis dengan metode tanda, kepadatan Kepiting kelapa di pantai Sulamadaha adalah 0,00135 individu/ m2 atau sama dengan 1 individu didapat pada setiap luasan 741 m2, stasiun Telaga Nita memiliki nilai kepadatan 0,00067 individu/ m2 atau 1 individu didapat dalam setiap luasan 1500 m2. Hasil wawancara dengan beberapa responden di Kelurahan Tobololo dan Sulamadaha menunjukan bahwa sebagian besar dari mereka yang memanfaatkan Kepiting kelapa di sekitar pantai yang dekat dari tempat tinggal mereka hanya menangkap atau memanfaatkan kepiting sebagai makanan tambahan dan sebagai salingan pekerjaan. Selain itu, rendahnya pengetahuan tentang pengaturan waktu dan ukuran tangkap menjadi penyebab terjadinya over eksploitasi terhadap sumberdaya ini. Hasil analisis SWOT menunjukkan bahwa posisi pengembangan pengelolaan kepiting di lokasi kajian berada pada kuadran IV (WT). Strategi yang tepat pada posisi ini adalah strategi bertahan yakni meminimalkan kelemahan dan menghindari ancaman yang ada. Arahan kebijakan yang direkomendasikan adalah pemantauan secara sistematis, pembatasan area dan ukuran tangkap, pemahaman aspek bioekologi kepada stakeholder, penutupan restoran penyaji kepiting dan penangkaran untuk menghasilkan F2.Kata kunci : Birgus Latro, strategi pengelolaan, populasi, analisis SWOT, Pulau Ternat
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strategi pengelolaan sumberdaya kepiting kelapa Birgus Latro di pulau laigoma kabupaten halmahera selatan
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kemaritiman dan Sumber Daya Pulau-Pulau Kecil, 2017Co-Authors: Supyan Supyan, Suryani SuryaniAbstract:Kepiting kelapatermasuk salah satu biota penyusun ekosistem pantai yang saat ini mengalami ancaman penurunan populasi. Hal ini disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor di antaranya adalah tingkat eksploitasi yang tinggi, rusaknya habitat alaminya, pembukaan lahan pemukiman, dan pekebunan. Kepiting kelapaini dilindungi melalui Surat keputusan Menteri Kehutanan No.12/KPTS-II/Um/1987, dan menurut International Union for Conservation of the Nature (IUCN), kepiting kelapasudah dikatagorikan sebagai spesies yang jarang dan terancam punah ‘’endengared spesies’’ atau tercatat dalam Red Data Book. Di Indonesia Kepiting kelapa atau kepiting kelapatersebar di bagian timur yakni di pulau-pulau Sulawesi Utara, Kepulauan Togian sampai Kepulauan Talaud, Maluku, Maluku Utara, Irian Jaya dan di bagian timur Nusa tenggara Timur, dan sebagian wilayah Indonesia bagian Utara, dan Timur. Walaupun hewan ini sudah terancam punah, namun hingga saat ini upaya perlindungan terhadap hewan ini hanya sebatas penetapan hewan ini sebagai hewan yang dilindungi. Belum ada upaya penetapan suatu daerah atau kawasan konservasi bagi keberlangsungan hidup Kepiting yang jarang ini. Konflik antara kepentingan pelestariaan Kepiting kelapa pada alam asli dan desakan permintaan konsumen menyebabkan populasi kepiting kelapasemakin berkurang. Dengan berbagai kepentingan diatas, maka perlu dilakukan suatu penelitian mengenai perspektif masyarakat dalam pengelolaan dan upaya konservasi kepiting kelapa(Birgus Latro). Penelitian ini dilakukan dari bulan April sampai bulan Oktober 2016 di Pulau Laigoma Kabupaten Halmahera Selatan Propinsi Maluku Utara. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pastipasipasi langsung dilapangan dengan fokus kajian karakteristik populasi kepiting kelapadan perspektif masyarakat terhadap pengelolaan kepiting kenari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa saat ini kepadatan populasi kepiting kelapa di Pulau Laigoma masih tinggi dengan nilai kepadatan 0.018 m2 atau dapat dikatakan bahwa dalam 57 m2 terdapat 1 ekor individu. Di lokasi penelitian, sebagian besar telah memahami dan menerima bahwa populasi kepiting kelapadi wilayah mereka telah terjadi penurunan. Rendahnya pengatahuan mereka tentang pentingnya mengatur waktu tangkap dan ukuran tangkap terhadap sumberdaya alam ini menjadi penyebab terjadinya over eksploitasi terhadap hewan ini. Hasil analisis SWOT menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan dan pengelolaan Kepitng kelapa harus diprioritaskan pada peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat mengenai status hukum Kepiting kelapa, melakukan kajian yang komprehensip terhadap aspek bioekologi Kepiting kelapa, proteksi area pemijahan dan pembesaran dengan metode penangkaran untuk menyediakan stok F2, pemantauan secara sistematis terhadap populasi kepiting kelapa yang ada di Pulau Laigoma oleh instansi yang berwenang di bidang lingkungan atau masyarakat sekitar pulau yang peduli dengan kepiting ini. Kata kunci : Birgus Latro, populasi, pengelolaan, persepsi masyarakat, Laigoma
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pertumbuhan dan pendugaan ukuran pertama kali matang gonad kepiting kelapa Birgus Latro di pulau uta propinsi maluku utara
TORANI : Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan dan Perikanan, 2016Co-Authors: Supyan Supyan, Sulistiono Sulistiono, Aras SyaziliAbstract:Coconut crab (B. Latro) is one of crustacea species which has high economic value, but it is considered rare and classified into vulnerable category by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). In Indonesia, the status of this animal population has been not exactly identified, but it has tended to decline because of local people consumption and its habitat quality degradation. Regarding importance of the species resources, thus undestanding its biology and ecology aspects can be applied as the proper stock management and effort of preservation. The purpose of this study was to assess the growth and estimating the size of coconut crab at the first gonads mature. The study was held in Uta Island from May to September 2013, sampling crab survey conducted by cruising. The parameters that were examined to understrand the growth of these animal were gonadal morphology and maturity level to estimate the size of the first mature gonads. The observation showed that the male did not found in TKG I condition but the female can be found on May (30%) and September (25%) of catch. TKG II was mostly found on male which catched on May in South Station (65%), TKG III was mostly found on female which catched on September in West Station (25%) of catched individu. TKG IV (100%) both male and female where mostly found on July. . The result analysis showed that the relation of Length – Weight of male crab is W = 1,93 (CP + r) 1,17 , while the female is W = 1,97 (CP + r) 0,97 . Each of those sexual species has allometric growth characteristics. Based on the analysis, the size of the smallest female crabs in this gonads mature were found in length (CP+r) 65,44 mm and 93,71 mm for the male crabs. Keywords : Birgus Latro, growth, gonadal maturation, Uta island
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excretory and storage purines in the anomuran land crab Birgus Latro guanine and uric acid
Journal of Crustacean Biology, 2005Co-Authors: Joanne E Wilde, Stuart M Linton, Peter GreenawayAbstract:Abstract Birgus Latro excretes nitrogenous waste as a mixture of urate and guanine and not predominantly urate as believed previously. The presence of guanine in faeces was confirmed by enzymatic derivatisation of guanine to xanthine with guanase. This is the first report of significant excretion of guanine outside the Chelicerata. The ratios of urate to guanine within the excreta of animals in field situations (natural diets) and in the laboratory (a range of artificial diets) were ∼3:2. Rates of excretion of both urate and guanine increased when experimental crabs were fed an artificial diet high in nitrogen. Significant amounts of guanine were also measured in tissues of B. Latro, but only urate was present in equivalent tissues of the closely related species Coenobita brevimanus. Coenobita brevimanus did not excrete any significant amount of purines with the faeces.
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Dietary assimilation and the digestive strategy of the omnivorous anomuran land crab Birgus Latro (Coenobitidae)
Journal of Comparative Physiology B, 2004Co-Authors: Joanne E Wilde, Stuart M Linton, Peter GreenawayAbstract:On Christmas Island, Indian Ocean, the diet of robber crabs, Birgus Latro (Linnaeus) was generally high in fat, storage polysaccharides or protein and largely comprised fruits, seeds, nuts and animal material. The plant items also contained significant amounts of hemicellulose and cellulose. In laboratory feeding trials, crabs had similar intakes of dry matter when fed artificial diets high in either fat or storage polysaccharide, but intake was lower on a high protein diet. Assimilation coefficients of dry matter (69–74%), carbon (72–81%), nitrogen (76–100%), lipid (71–96%) and storage polysaccharide (89–99%) were high on all three diets. B. Latro also assimilated significant amounts of the chitin ingested in the high protein diet ( 93%) and hemicellulose (49.6–65%) and cellulose (16–53%) from the high carbohydrate and high fat diets. This is consistent with the presence of chitinase, hemicellulase and cellulase enzymes in the digestive tract of B. Latro . The mean retention time (27.2 h) for a dietary particle marker (^57Co-labelled microspheres) was longer than measured in leaf-eating land crabs. The feeding strategy of B. Latro involves the selection of highly digestible and nutrient-rich plant and animal material and retention of the digesta for a period long enough to allow extensive exploitation of storage carbohydrates, lipids, protein and significant amounts of structural carbohydrates (hemicellulose, cellulose and chitin).
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sodium and water balance in free ranging robber crabs Birgus Latro anomura coenobitidae
Journal of Crustacean Biology, 2001Co-Authors: Peter GreenawayAbstract:Abstract The rates of exchange of sodium and water and renal filtration rates were measured in field populations of Birgus Latro (Linnaeus, 1756) in rain forest on Christmas Island, Indian Ocean. Water exchange was quite high (47.7 ml·kg−1·d−1) and on seed diets must have been derived largely from drinking, although animal tissue when eaten would have provided a greater amount of preformed water. Under prevailing conditions water output was chiefly in the excretory fluid. Intake of sodium was almost entirely from the food, and the mean rate of exchange of sodium (7.8 mmol·kg−1·d−1) was too high to be satisfied from vegetable origins. The crabs clearly fed regularly on animal material, probably Red Crabs, Gecarcoidea natalis. The bulk of sodium loss occurred via the excretory fluid. The intakes of water and sodium are well above the minimum level required for the maintenance of salt and water balance and, under field conditions with access only to rain water for drinking, B. Latro has a very considerable r...
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role of the midgut gland in purine excretion in the robber crab Birgus Latro anomura coenobitidae
Journal of Morphology, 1999Co-Authors: Richard M Dillaman, Peter Greenaway, Stuart M LintonAbstract:White fecal strands of Birgus Latro are composed of small spherules of uric acid with a mean diameter of 1.6 6 0.6 µm. Large numbers of membrane-bound spherules with concentric lamellae are present in the R cells of the midgut gland, so we suggest that lengths of white feces are produced by coordinated secretion of these spherules into the lumen of the midgut gland tubules. There are four cell types in the tubules with embryonic (E) cells at the distal tip, B cells in a narrow band at the distal end and R cells making up the bulk of the tubules and gland. F cells are sparsely scattered among the R cells. Midgut gland tissue was assayed for activities of xanthine dehydrogenase and xanthine oxidase, the two forms of xanthine oxidoreduc- tase. Contrary to previous reports, we found that the midgut gland of B. Latro contains only high activities of xanthine dehydrogenase. If proteinase inhibi- tors were omitted from the assays, however, significant activity of xanthine oxidase was measured, a result we regard as an artifact attributable to the partial conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase by endog- enous proteinases. R cells were demonstrated to contain peroxisomes, which may be involved in lipid metabolism rather than synthesis of uric acid. J. Morphol. 241:227-235, 1999 r 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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adaptations to a terrestrial existence by the robber crab Birgus Latro vii the branchial chamber and its role in urine reprocessing
The Journal of Experimental Biology, 1991Co-Authors: S Morris, H. H. Taylor, Peter GreenawayAbstract:The branchial chambers of the terrestrial anomuran Birgus Latro L. were examined as potential sites for urine reprocessing. The antennal glands opened at the bases of the second antennae within the anterior extension of the branchial chambers. The adjacent mouth parts and scaphognathites and the cuticle lining the ventral folds of the branchiostegite bear hydrophilic hairs. The hairs retained urine in the branchial chamber and conducted it to either the gills or the mouth. Irrigation of the branchial chambers with artificial urine demonstrated the strong net uptakes of Na+ and cl− to be similar at approximately 4.5μmolh−1g−1 from full-strength urine, diluting the fluid to a threshold below 20mmollminus;1. Na+/K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase activities of gill homogenates indicated Vmax values (65–127 and 11 nmol min−1mg−1 protein, respectively) similar to those of marine species but low Km values (sodium Km=0.2-2.4mmoll−1, potassium Km=0.03-0.2mmoll−1, calcium Km=4-9μmoll−1), which are more characteristic of freshwater species. The gills are considered to be a site of ion reclamation from the urine and this is achieved by specific morphological, biochemical and behavioural adaptations.