The Experts below are selected from a list of 318 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Dianne E Wiley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparison of Solvent Development Options for Capture of CO2 from Flue Gases
2018Co-Authors: Anggit Raksajati, Dianne E WileyAbstract:Chemical absorption is widely regarded as the most commercially ready technology for postcombustion CO2 capture from large industrial emission sources. The benchmark solvent is monoethanolamine (MEA). Alternate solvents to MEA have been developed with improved properties such as solvent loading, regeneration energy, and absorption rate. Improvements in solvent properties can be challenging because of possible adverse interactions between solvent properties. Ideally improving all solvent properties and process designs concurrently is desirable to reduce the total cost of CO2 capture. The changes in cost of CO2 capture for postcombustion CO2 capture from a Black-Coal power plant using absorption are investigated using Monte Carlo simulations, where key solvent parameters are varied simultaneously. Different classes of solvents are considered covering aqueous and phase-change solvents in conventional and encapsulated solvent systems. The results show that it is not necessary for new solvents to have superior values for all properties. There are combinations of solvent properties where low total capture cost can be achieved because improvements in the more significant parameters offset smaller or negative improvement in other parameters. In particular, low total capture cost can be achieved when solvents have the following properties: good stability toward SOx and NOx, a low heat of reaction, a high absorption rate, a low water vaporization rate, and a low price per unit of the solvent. The results also show that regardless of the solvent type, different solvent systems can potentially achieve almost the same lowest capture cost of approximately U.S. $37–39 per tonne of CO2 avoided
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flexible strategies to facilitate carbon capture deployment at pulverised Coal power plants
International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2016Co-Authors: Dianne E WileyAbstract:Abstract This paper assesses operational strategies for deploying flexible CO 2 capture at three generic Black Coal fired power plants with distinct dispatch profiles. Flexible operating modes involving constant partial CO 2 capture, part-time capture, and variable capture are examined in conjunction with seasonal effects of summer and winter. The three generic dispatch profiles are selected to represent typical Black Coal base load power plants in Australia and Black Coal power plants in Germany and perhaps future UK base load power plants in 2011. The results show that for a generic 700 MW subcritical power plant, operating under variable capture mode results in the highest amount of CO 2 captured and avoided and thus the lowest cost. The estimated cost of CO 2 avoided ranges from about $70 to $150 per tonne of CO 2 avoided using variable capture, increasing to $186 to $226 per tonne of CO 2 avoided for constant partial capture. The flexible capture modes investigated can reduce the overall CO 2 emissions of a power plant by up to 50%.
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large scale economics of a precipitating potassium carbonate co2 capture process for Black Coal power generation
Greenhouse Gases-Science and Technology, 2014Co-Authors: Clare Anderson, Trent Harkin, Dianne E Wiley, Barry HooperAbstract:Potassium carbonate (K2CO3) solvents offer a lower cost and environmentally benign alternative to the traditional amine-based solvents for post-combustion capture of carbon dioxide (CO2) from power station flue gases. The CO2CRC is developing a precipitating K2CO3 process, termed UNO MK 3, which has the potential for significant cost reductions. The costs have been calculated based on capturing 90% of the CO2 emissions from a new build Black Coal (Illinois No. 6) power station with a net output of 550 MW. With the UNO MK 3 process for CO2 capture, the cost of electricity is predicted to be as low as $73/MWh and the cost of capture as low as $21/tonne of CO2 avoided. The cost of electricity with the UNO MK 3 process represents as low as a 24% increase in the cost of electricity, which meets the target set by the US Department of Energy for capture technologies of adding less than 35% to the cost of electricity.
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reducing the cost of co2 capture from flue gases using aqueous chemical absorption
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2013Co-Authors: Anggit Raksajati, Dianne E WileyAbstract:Chemical absorption is widely regarded as the most promising technology for CO2 capture from large industrial sources in the short term. The cost of CO2 capture from postcombustion power plants using monoethanolamine (MEA), the benchmark for chemical absorption, is currently over US$70 per metric ton of CO2 avoided. This high cost is considered as the major obstacle to current large-scale implementation of carbon capture and storage (CCS). Thus, there has been significant focus on the development of new solvents with the aim to reduce costs. This paper provides insights into the impact of solvent properties on the cost of capture to assist in the development of new solvents based on a 500 MW supercritical Black Coal power plant as the emission source. The effect of solvent properties, specifically solvent loading, heat of reaction, solvent loss, and solvent concentration is examined. The effect of improvements in process design, specifically high pressure stripper operation, advanced structured packing, u...
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reducing the cost of co2 capture from flue gases using aqueous chemical absorption
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2013Co-Authors: Anggit Raksajati, Minh T Ho, Dianne E WileyAbstract:Chemical absorption is widely regarded as the most promising technology for CO2 capture from large industrial sources in the short term. The cost of CO2 capture from postcombustion power plants using monoethanolamine (MEA), the benchmark for chemical absorption, is currently over US$70 per metric ton of CO2 avoided. This high cost is considered as the major obstacle to current large-scale implementation of carbon capture and storage (CCS). Thus, there has been significant focus on the development of new solvents with the aim to reduce costs. This paper provides insights into the impact of solvent properties on the cost of capture to assist in the development of new solvents based on a 500 MW supercritical Black Coal power plant as the emission source. The effect of solvent properties, specifically solvent loading, heat of reaction, solvent loss, and solvent concentration is examined. The effect of improvements in process design, specifically high pressure stripper operation, advanced structured packing, u...
Zakieh Khorshidi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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techno economic study of biomass co firing with and without co2 capture in an australian Black Coal fired power plant
Energy Procedia, 2013Co-Authors: Dianne E Wiley, Zakieh KhorshidiAbstract:Abstract Coal-fired plants contribute more than 30% of Australia's total greenhouse gas emissions. To reduce the emissions, co-firing biomass with Coal has been proposed as a near-term option. If CO 2 capture is also implemented at the same power plant, negative emissions may result. This study investigates the effect of co-firing biomass with Coal at a typical 500 MW Australian Black Coal-fired plant with and without post-combustion capture. The study shows how incentives such as a carbon price and renewable energy certificates have the potential to make co-firing a cost effective option for reducing CO 2 emissions in Australia.
Ali Abbas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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relevancy of emission reduction fund erf policy towards large scale deployment of carbon capture technology in Black Coal fired power plant
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019Co-Authors: Gordon Weiss, Norhuda Abdul Manaf, Ali AbbasAbstract:This study implements a single objective multi-constrained optimisation technique to evaluate the relevance of large scale deployment of post-combustion CO2 capture (PCC) technology as an emissions reduction fund (ERF) ‘project’ for Black Coal power generation in Australia. We target maximum net operating revenue, by generating forecasts of power plant load and CO2 capture rate, and while subject to the dual operational and environmental constraints. Four different hypothetical Australian Carbon Credit Unit (ACCU) prices ($AU 5, 15, 25 and 50/tonne CO2) are evaluated, through a single objective multi-constrained optimisation algorithm, for a 7-year contract period between 2016 and 2020 and with a 7.1 MT CO2 of emission baseline. The results indicate that at ACCU price of $AU 25/tonne CO2 (Scenario 3), represents a feasible solution for future deployment of PCC technology under ERF project settings. Across the contract period, PCC plant captures 90% CO2 from the power plant emissions with total plant net operating revenue at approximately $AU 1,765 million. The gross revenue gains from ERF incentive and selling of electricity are at 25% and 75% respectively. These findings point to the value of this computational approach for power plant operators in Australia considering low emissions technologies (viz. PCC) as ERF projects, aiding in their short and medium-term planning. Such an approach is extendable to other countries and regions under varying emissions trading schemes.
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hen optimization for efficient retrofitting of Coal fired power plants with post combustion carbon capture
International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2011Co-Authors: Rajab Khalilpour, Ali AbbasAbstract:Abstract This study aims at reducing the energy penalty burdened by integration of pulverized Coal-fired power plants with solvent-based post-combustion carbon capture (PCC) processes via heat exchanger network (HEN) optimization. The base case used is a 300 MWe Coal-fired power plant burning pulverized Black Coal and emitting 256 tonnes/h of CO 2 . Integration of the base case with PCC showed that achieving 90% CO 2 capture with purity of 99% using 30 wt% monoethanolamine (MEA) solvent admits an energy penalty of 19.4% to the overall plant output. Pinch analysis showed that a reduction in the mentioned energy penalty down to 15.9% can be achieved via integration.
D G Wood - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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production of ultra clean Coal part i dissolution behaviour of mineral matter in Black Coal toward hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids
Fuel Processing Technology, 2001Co-Authors: Karen M Steel, John Besida, T A Odonnell, D G WoodAbstract:The mineral matter in an Australian Black Coal has been isolated using a low-temperature ashing (LTA) procedure. This LTA procedure is a modification of the Australian Standard for LTA at 370 degrees C, and alleviates adverse effects to thr: minerals caused by the heat of combustion. The leaching behaviour of the mineral matter towards aqueous HCl and hydrofluoric acid (HF) is presented. HCl can dissolve simple compounds such as phosphates and carbonates, yet it cannot completely dissolve the clays. HF resets with almost every mineral in the mineral matter, except pyrite, and most of the reaction products are water soluble. However, at HF concentrations greater than that required to dissolve the aluminosilicate compounds in the mineral matter, insoluble compounds form. These compounds include CaF2, MgF2 and a compound containing Na, which is believed to be NaAlF4. It is proposed that HF reacts preferentially with the aluminosilicates in the mineral matter to form largely AlF2+, AlF3 and SiF4, and that the concentrations of free fluoride (F-) and AlF4- are not high enough to complex cations such as Ca2+, Mg2+ and Na+. When the mineral matter is treated with HF concentrations greater than that required to dissolve all of the aluminosilicates, AlF3, AlF4- and SiF62- form, the concentration of F- is high enough to complex Ca2+ and Mg2+ and form insoluble CaF2 and MgF2, and the concentration of AlF4- is high enough to complex Na+ and form insoluble NaAlF4. This work has application toward the development of a process for producing Ultra Clean Coal with less than 0.1% by weight mineral matter. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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production of ultra clean Coal part ii ionic equilibria in solution when mineral matter from Black Coal is treated with aqueous hydrofluoric acid
Fuel Processing Technology, 2001Co-Authors: Karen M Steel, John Besida, T A Odonnell, D G WoodAbstract:A model fur determination of the concentration of fluoride complexed aluminium and silicon species, free fluoride (F-), II+ ions and molecular HF in solution when aluminosilicate compounds are treated with aqueous HF is presented. The model elucidates chemical mechanisms governing both the dissolution behaviour of the mineral matter in Coal towards aqueous HF, and the unwanted precipitation of various fluoride compounds, such as CaF2, MgF2 and NaAIF(4). The controlling parameter for the precipitation of fluoride compounds is the free F- concentration in solution. The model has application toward the development of chemical strategies for dissolving virtually all of the mineral matter from Coal and avoiding the unwanted precipitation of fluoride compounds. The model also has application toward the development of a strategy for recovering fluoride from spent leaching solutions. Ultimately, this work will assist in the development of a process for the production of Ultra Clean Coal (UCC) containing less than 0.1% by weight mineral matter.
P G Ranjith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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temperature effect on the thermal conductivity of Black Coal
Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2018Co-Authors: Ada E Ramazanova, Ilmutdin M Abdulagatov, P G RanjithAbstract:The guarded parallel-plate technique was employed on a Black Coal sample for an accurate measurement of the thermal conductivity over the temperature range from 298 to 496 K. The combined expanded uncertainties of the temperature (T) and thermal-conductivity (λ) measurements at the 95% confidence level with a coverage factor of k = 2 are estimated to be 20 mK and 5%, respectively. It was experimentally observed that the measured thermal conductivity (λ) of the wet and dry Coal samples increases with temperature passes through a maximum around 390 K, and then it decreases gradually at higher temperatures. We attribute this maximum to the evolution of the volatile matter (VM) (devolatilazation) and aromatization of the carbon (pyrolysis), which is known to occur under heat treatment, and therefore, tends to increase the thermal conductivity. Over the experimental temperature range, the measured thermal-conductivity varied from 0.341 to 0.497 W·m–1·K–1 for wet Coal samples before thermal treatment and from 0...
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investigation of temperature effect on permeability of naturally fractured Black Coal for carbon dioxide movement an experimental and numerical study
Fuel, 2012Co-Authors: M S A Perera, P G Ranjith, S K Choi, David AireyAbstract:Abstract Very deep Coal seams which are unlikely to be mined may be considered for CO 2 sequestration. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of temperature on the permeability of naturally fractured Coal. Permeability tests were conducted on naturally fractured bituminous Coal samples using high pressure triaxial equipment for five different injecting pressures (8–13 MPa) under two different confinements (20 and 24 MPa) and five different temperatures (25–70 °C). The experimental data were then used to develop an appropriate numerical model using the COMET 3 simulator to model the temperature effect on permeability at temperatures up to 200 °C. According to the measured permeability values and the developed lab-scale model, there is a clear increase in CO 2 permeability with increasing temperature for any confining pressure at high injecting pressures (more then 10 MPa). However, for low injecting pressures (less than 9 MPa) temperature effect is not so much. With increasing injecting pressure, CO 2 permeability decreases at low temperatures (less than around 40 °C), and increases at high temperatures (more than 50 °C). Interestingly, the temperature effect on permeability is significant only up to around 90 °C condition within the 25–200 °C temperature limit. These observations are related with the sorption behavior of the adsorbing CO 2 during the injection. However, there is no noticeable temperature effect on N 2 permeability as it does not create any swelling effect in Coal matrix.
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the effects of sub critical and super critical carbon dioxide adsorption induced Coal matrix swelling on the permeability of naturally fractured Black Coal
Energy, 2011Co-Authors: M S A Perera, P G Ranjith, S K Choi, David AireyAbstract:Abstract Swelling of the Coal matrix with the adsorption of CO 2 is one of the leading problems for CO 2 sequestration in deep Coal seams as it causes Coal seam permeability to be significantly reduced. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Coal mass swelling on the permeability of naturally fractured Black Coal. A series of permeability tests were conducted using a newly developed tri-axial apparatus on 38 mm by 76 mm naturally fractured Black Coal specimens. These tests were carried out for CO 2 and N 2 injections at 2–20 MPa injection pressures under 10 to 24 MPa confining pressures at 33 °C. Each Coal specimen was then allowed to swell under sub-critical and super-critical CO 2 adsorption and the corresponding effects on CO 2 and N 2 permeabilities were examined. Results indicate that the permeability of naturally fractured Black Coal is significantly reduced due to matrix swelling, which starts as quickly as within 1 h of CO 2 injection. A further reduction is then observed, and the maximum swelling rate occurs within the first 3–4 h of CO 2 adsorption. The amount of Coal matrix swelling due to CO 2 adsorption clearly depends on the phase condition of the CO 2 , and super-critical CO 2 adsorption-induced swelling is about two times higher than that induced by sub-critical CO 2 adsorption. Interestingly, although a fractured Coal specimen which has already fully swelled under sub-critical CO 2 adsorption can swell significantly more under super-critical CO 2 adsorption, after swelling under super-critical CO 2 adsorption, no further swelling effect occurs under any CO 2 pressure or phase condition. Moreover, the swelling process continues longer under super-critical CO 2 adsorption. It is concluded that super-critical CO 2 adsorption can induce more matrix swelling than sub-critical CO 2 adsorption under the same adsorption pressure.
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sub and super critical carbon dioxide flow behavior in naturally fractured Black Coal an experimental study
Fuel, 2011Co-Authors: M S A Perera, P G Ranjith, David Airey, S K ChoiAbstract:Abstract A proper understanding of super-critical carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) flow behavior in Coal is essential, as CO 2 normally exists in its super-critical state in deep Coal seams and studies are lacking. The main objective of this study is to distinguish the permeability behavior of Coal for sub-critical and super-critical CO 2 flows. Therefore, a series of triaxial experiments was conducted on naturally fractured Black Coal specimens. Permeability tests were carried out for 15, 20 and 25 MPa confinements at 33.5 °C temperature. Three test scenarios were conducted to investigate, (1) variation of the permeability behavior of Coal with CO 2 phase condition, (2) the swelling effect on sub- and super-critical CO 2 permeability patterns, and (3) the potential of nitrogen (N 2 ) to reverse CO 2 -induced swelling. According to the test results, the permeability of super-critical CO 2 is significantly lower than sub-critical CO 2 due to the higher viscosity and swelling associated with super-critical CO 2 . Moreover, at super-critical state there is a higher decline of CO 2 permeability with increasing injecting pressure due to the higher increments in the associated viscosity and swelling. Although CO 2 adsorption-induced swelling causes permeability of both CO 2 and N 2 to be reduced at low injection pressures the poro-elastic effect becomes more dominant and may cause CO 2 permeability to increase for higher injecting pressures, because CO 2 flow behavior may transfer from super-critical to sub-critical after the swelling due to the decline of downstream pressure development. Moreover, N 2 has the potential to reverse some swelling effects due to CO 2 adsorption, and this recovery rate is higher at lower injecting pressures and higher confining pressures.
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the effect of co2 saturation on mechanical properties of australian Black Coal using acoustic emission
Fuel, 2010Co-Authors: P G Ranjith, Dileeka Jasinge, Singki Xavier Choi, Maid Mehic, Benjamin ShannonAbstract:Abstract Acoustic emission (AE) methods are now widely used for damage evaluation. For a better understanding of the damage mechanics of materials such as rocks, AE has been used to monitor stresses which induce crack closure, crack initiation and crack damage. In the present study, an AE system was used to study the damage behaviour of some Australian Black Coal samples subjected to uniaxial compression. Several samples were left in a container filled with 100% carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) at a certain pressure for 72 h prior to testing. The results were compared with samples which had only been exposed to the atmosphere to see if CO 2 had any adverse effect on the strength of Coal. Strain gauges were installed on the samples and the measured axial and volumetric strains were studied in conjunction with the AE counts. The AE method was successfully used for detecting the onset of crack initiation and the crack damage stress threshold of the Black Coal samples. Of the Coal samples examined, crack initiation and crack closure of the samples subjected to saturation with CO 2 occurred at stress corresponding to a higher percentage of the peak strength when compared to the samples which had only been exposed to atmospheric conditions. However, crack damage occurred at a higher percentage of peak strength and the average peak strength showed a higher value for samples in atmospheric condition when compared to CO 2 saturated samples. The results show that sorption of CO 2 can cause a reduction in strength of the Black Coal samples when tested under uniaxial compression. As the Coal samples were highly inhomogeneous more tests are required in order to be able to confirm whether the adsorption of CO 2 will cause strength reduction in Coal and to identify the actual underlying mechanisms.