The Experts below are selected from a list of 165 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Michael H Hsieh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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interleukin 4 signaling plays a major role in urogenital schistosomiasis associated Bladder pathogenesis
Infection and Immunity, 2019Co-Authors: Evaristus C Mbanefo, Kenji Ishida, Olfat Hammam, Michael H HsiehAbstract:ABSTRACT Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is crucial in many helminth infections, but its role in urogenital schistosomiasis, infection with Schistosoma haematobium worms, remains poorly understood due to a historical lack of animal models. The Bladder Pathology of urogenital schistosomiasis is caused by immune responses to eggs deposited in the Bladder wall. A range of Pathology occurs, including urothelial hyperplasia and cancer, but associated mechanisms and links to IL-4 are largely unknown. We modeled urogenital schistosomiasis by injecting the Bladder walls of IL-4 receptor-alpha knockout (Il4ra−/−) and wild-type mice with S. haematobium eggs. Readouts included Bladder histology and ex vivo assessments of urothelial proliferation, cell cycle, and ploidy status. We also quantified the effects of exogenous IL-4 on urothelial cell proliferation in vitro, including cell cycle status and phosphorylation patterns of major downstream regulators in the IL-4 signaling pathway. There was a significant decrease in the intensity of granulomatous responses to Bladder-wall-injected S. haematobium eggs in Il4ra−/− versus wild-type mice. S. haematobium egg injection triggered significant urothelial proliferation, including evidence of urothelial hyper-diploidy and cell cycle skewing in wild-type but not Il4ra−/− mice. Urothelial exposure to IL-4 in vitro led to cell cycle polarization and increased phosphorylation of AKT. Our results show that IL-4 signaling is required for key pathogenic features of urogenital schistosomiasis and that particular aspects of this signaling pathway may exert these effects directly on the urothelium. These findings point to potential mechanisms by which urogenital schistosomiasis promotes Bladder carcinogenesis.
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interleukin 4 signaling plays a major role in urogenital schistosomiasis associated Bladder pathogenesis
bioRxiv, 2019Co-Authors: Evaristus C Mbanefo, Kenji Ishida, Michael H HsiehAbstract:Abstract IL-4 is crucial in many helminth infections, but its role in urogenital schistosomiasis, infection with Schistosoma haematobium worms, remains poorly understood due to a historical lack of animal models. The Bladder Pathology of urogenital schistosomiasis is caused by immune responses to eggs deposited in the Bladder wall. A range of Pathology occurs, including urothelial hyperplasia and cancer, but associated mechanisms and links to IL-4 are largely unknown. We modeled urogenital schistosomiasis by injecting the Bladder walls of IL-4 receptor-alpha knockout(Il4ra−/−) and wild type mice with S. haematobium eggs. Readouts included Bladder histology and ex vivo assessments of urothelial proliferation, cell cycle and ploidy status. We also quantified the effects of exogenous IL-4 on urothelial cell proliferation in vitro, including cell cycle status and phosphorylation patterns of major downstream regulators in the IL-4 signaling pathway. There was a significant decrease in the intensity of granulomatous responses to Bladder-wall injected S. haematobium eggs in Il4ra−/− versus wild type mice. S. haematobium egg injection triggered significant urothelial proliferation, including evidence of urothelial hyperdiploidy and cell cycle skewing in wild type but not Il4ra−/− mice. Urothelial exposure to IL-4 in vitro led to cell cycle polarization and increased phosphorylation of AKT. Our results show IL-4 signaling is required for key pathogenic features of urogenital schistosomiasis, and that particular aspects of this signaling pathway may exert these effects directly on the urothelium. These findings point to potential mechanisms by which urogenital schistosomiasis promotes Bladder carcinogenesis.
Clive Shiff - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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hypermethylation of genes detected in urine from ghanaian adults with Bladder Pathology associated with schistosoma haematobium infection
PLOS ONE, 2013Co-Authors: Xiaoli Zhong, Clive Shiff, Sumit Isharwal, Jean M Naples, Robert W Veltri, Chunbo Shao, Kwabena M Bosompem, David Sidransky, Mohammad O HoqueAbstract:Purpose Schistosoma haematobium is associated with chronic Bladder damage and may subsequently induce Bladder cancer in humans, thus posing a serious threat where the parasite is endemic. Here we evaluated aberrant promoter DNA methylation as a potential biomarker to detect severe Bladder damage that is associated with schistosomiasis by analyzing urine specimens.
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epidemiological assessment of schistosoma haematobium induced kidney and Bladder Pathology in rural zimbabwe
Acta Tropica, 2003Co-Authors: Kimberly C Brouwer, Patricia D Ndhlovu, Y Wagatsuma, Anderson Munatsi, Clive ShiffAbstract:Clinical outcome of Schistosoma haematobium infection may vary significantly, ranging from mild symptoms to severe damage of urinary tract organs. This present study was undertaken to assess the relationship of a number of epidemiological and parasitological parameters with disease outcome in children from rural Zimbabwe. We surveyed 551 primary school students from three schools in the Chikwaka Communal Lands for schistosomiasis; 59.7% were infected with S. haematobium. Ultrasound examination of 189 of the infected students revealed that 50% had pathological changes of their Bladder and 36% had abnormal pyelon dilation of at least one of their kidneys. Intensity of infection, certain water contact behaviours, male gender, proteinuria, and self-perceived haematuria were associated with increased Bladder damage. Strenuous playing was negatively associated with Pathology, especially for those with the highest grade of Bladder damage. Kidney Pathology was significantly linked with fatigue and pain upon urination and was more prevalent in students from schools closest to the major river systems. Our findings suggest that Pathology due to urinary schistosomiasis is widespread and symptomatic in this population. The associations with Bladder and kidney Pathology can be used to predict disease severity and may be useful in targeting treatment to those most at risk.
Freddie C Hamdy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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electrical impedance spectroscopy and the diagnosis of Bladder Pathology a pilot study
The Journal of Urology, 2002Co-Authors: B A Wilkinson, R H Smallwood, A Keshtar, J A Lee, Freddie C HamdyAbstract:ABSTRACTPurpose: Carcinoma in situ is an aggressive form of Bladder cancer with a high propensity for invasion if left untreated. On cystoscopy these flat lesions cannot be differentiated from other erythematous, potentially benign areas and they require biopsy for definitive diagnosis. Other methods of detecting carcinoma in situ remain experimental. We assessed the effectiveness of electrical impedance spectroscopy, a method that measures the variation of electrical current flow with frequency through the mucosa, for differentiating various pathological changes in the urothelium.Materials and Methods: We obtained 250 impedance measurements immediately after resection in 35 cystectomy specimens using a custom designed probe. Three consecutive readings were recorded per point to assess reproducibility and punch biopsy was done at the measurement site.Results: Changes in the urothelium were classified histologically into 7 subgroups according to the degree of edema and inflammation. Electrical impedance sp...
John H Ouma - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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schistosoma haematobium induced urinary tract morbidity correlates with increased tumor necrosis factor α and diminished interleukin 10 production
The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2001Co-Authors: Christopher L King, Indu Malhotra, Peter Mungai, Alex Wamachi, John Kioko, Eric M Muchiri, John H OumaAbstract:This study examined the hypothesis that the nature of the host cellular immune response to schistosome ova is a risk factor for urinary tract morbidity in areas in which Schistosoma haematobium is endemic. S. haematobium-infected children and adolescents with Bladder Pathology assessed by ultrasonography had 54-fold greater tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha production and a 120-fold greater ratio of TNF-alpha to interleukin (IL)-10 release by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to egg antigens, in comparison with control children and adolescents matched by age, sex, and infection severity. Mycobacterial antigens also stimulated 7-fold more TNF-alpha among subjects with Bladder morbidity than in control subjects, which suggests an innate predisposition to enhanced TNF-alpha production. Levels of egg antigen-induced IL-4 and -5 and interferon-gamma were equivalent in subjects with and without Bladder Pathology. Thus, children and adolescents predisposed to increased TNF-alpha production to S. haematobium infection are more likely to develop an exaggerated granulomatous response to ova trapped in the Bladder wall, with associated urinary tract Pathology.
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indirect assessment of eosinophiluria in urinary schistosomiasis using eosinophil cationic protein ecp and eosinophil protein x epx
Acta Tropica, 1993Co-Authors: Claus M Reimert, John H Ouma, Arsalan Kharazmi, Mariam T Mwanje, Philip Magak, Lars Kaergaard Poulsen, Birgitte J Vennervald, N O Christensen, Klaus BendtzenAbstract:The pre- and post-treatment level of eosinophiluria, as measured indirectly by the amount of free or cell bound eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and eosinophil protein X (EPX) in urine from Schistosoma haematobium-infected Kenyan school children, were measured and compared with intensity of infection (eggs/10 ml of urine), albuminuria and pathological changes as detected by ultrasonography. ECP and EPX were determined by means of specific ELISA methods and levels were determined in both urine supernatants and extracted urine deposits (cells and cell debris). The level of ECP was significantly raised in urine supernatants from infected children compared to controls, whereas high amounts of EPX were found in urine supernatants from infected children as well as from controls. However, the amounts of cell bound ECP and EPX were significantly raised in infected children. In pre-treatment observations significant correlations were demonstrated between egg counts, albuminuria and eosinophiluria as measured by the amount of cell bound ECP and EPX, or ECP in urine supernatants. No such correlations were demonstrated with the amount of EPX in the urine supernatants. Comparable amounts of ECP and EPX could be extracted from the urine deposits from infected children, but due to the high amounts of EPX in urine deposit extracts from controls, extracted ECP gave the best discrimination between infected and non-infected children. While albuminuria disappeared in most children at the 6 week post-treatment follow-up, eosinophiluria persisted in a significant proportion of the treated children indicating continued eosinophil activity in the Bladder wall. Detection and quantification of early acute inflammatory reactions using ECP/eosinophils in combination with detection of later stages of Bladder Pathology using ultrasound may allow for a dynamic evaluation of the pathological process, the morbidity development and post treatment pathological changes in S. haematobium infections.
Evaristus C Mbanefo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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interleukin 4 signaling plays a major role in urogenital schistosomiasis associated Bladder pathogenesis
Infection and Immunity, 2019Co-Authors: Evaristus C Mbanefo, Kenji Ishida, Olfat Hammam, Michael H HsiehAbstract:ABSTRACT Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is crucial in many helminth infections, but its role in urogenital schistosomiasis, infection with Schistosoma haematobium worms, remains poorly understood due to a historical lack of animal models. The Bladder Pathology of urogenital schistosomiasis is caused by immune responses to eggs deposited in the Bladder wall. A range of Pathology occurs, including urothelial hyperplasia and cancer, but associated mechanisms and links to IL-4 are largely unknown. We modeled urogenital schistosomiasis by injecting the Bladder walls of IL-4 receptor-alpha knockout (Il4ra−/−) and wild-type mice with S. haematobium eggs. Readouts included Bladder histology and ex vivo assessments of urothelial proliferation, cell cycle, and ploidy status. We also quantified the effects of exogenous IL-4 on urothelial cell proliferation in vitro, including cell cycle status and phosphorylation patterns of major downstream regulators in the IL-4 signaling pathway. There was a significant decrease in the intensity of granulomatous responses to Bladder-wall-injected S. haematobium eggs in Il4ra−/− versus wild-type mice. S. haematobium egg injection triggered significant urothelial proliferation, including evidence of urothelial hyper-diploidy and cell cycle skewing in wild-type but not Il4ra−/− mice. Urothelial exposure to IL-4 in vitro led to cell cycle polarization and increased phosphorylation of AKT. Our results show that IL-4 signaling is required for key pathogenic features of urogenital schistosomiasis and that particular aspects of this signaling pathway may exert these effects directly on the urothelium. These findings point to potential mechanisms by which urogenital schistosomiasis promotes Bladder carcinogenesis.
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interleukin 4 signaling plays a major role in urogenital schistosomiasis associated Bladder pathogenesis
bioRxiv, 2019Co-Authors: Evaristus C Mbanefo, Kenji Ishida, Michael H HsiehAbstract:Abstract IL-4 is crucial in many helminth infections, but its role in urogenital schistosomiasis, infection with Schistosoma haematobium worms, remains poorly understood due to a historical lack of animal models. The Bladder Pathology of urogenital schistosomiasis is caused by immune responses to eggs deposited in the Bladder wall. A range of Pathology occurs, including urothelial hyperplasia and cancer, but associated mechanisms and links to IL-4 are largely unknown. We modeled urogenital schistosomiasis by injecting the Bladder walls of IL-4 receptor-alpha knockout(Il4ra−/−) and wild type mice with S. haematobium eggs. Readouts included Bladder histology and ex vivo assessments of urothelial proliferation, cell cycle and ploidy status. We also quantified the effects of exogenous IL-4 on urothelial cell proliferation in vitro, including cell cycle status and phosphorylation patterns of major downstream regulators in the IL-4 signaling pathway. There was a significant decrease in the intensity of granulomatous responses to Bladder-wall injected S. haematobium eggs in Il4ra−/− versus wild type mice. S. haematobium egg injection triggered significant urothelial proliferation, including evidence of urothelial hyperdiploidy and cell cycle skewing in wild type but not Il4ra−/− mice. Urothelial exposure to IL-4 in vitro led to cell cycle polarization and increased phosphorylation of AKT. Our results show IL-4 signaling is required for key pathogenic features of urogenital schistosomiasis, and that particular aspects of this signaling pathway may exert these effects directly on the urothelium. These findings point to potential mechanisms by which urogenital schistosomiasis promotes Bladder carcinogenesis.