The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Appu Manikandan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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application of copper chitosan nanoparticles stimulate growth and induce resistance in finger millet eleusine coracana gaertn plants against Blast Disease
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2018Co-Authors: Muthukrishnan Sathiyabama, Appu ManikandanAbstract:Copper-chitosan nanoparticle (CuChNp) was synthesized and used to study its effect on finger millet plant as a model plant system. Our objective was to explore the efficacy of CuChNp application to control Blast Disease of finger millet. CuChNp was applied to finger millet either as a foliar spray or as a combined application (involving seed coat and foliar spray). Both the application methods enhanced growth profile of finger millet plants and increased yield. The increased yield was nearly 89% in combined application method. Treated finger millet plants challenged with Pyricularia grisea showed suppression of Blast Disease development when compared to control. Nearly 75% protection was observed in the combined application of CuChNp to finger millet plants. In CuChNp treated finger millet plants, a significant increase in defense enzymes was observed, which was detected both qualitatively and quantitatively. The suppression of Blast Disease correlates well with increased defense enzymes in CuChNp treated...
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application of copper chitosan nanoparticles stimulate growth and induce resistance in finger millet eleusine coracana gaertn plants against Blast Disease
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2018Co-Authors: Muthukrishnan Sathiyabama, Appu ManikandanAbstract:Copper-chitosan nanoparticle (CuChNp) was synthesized and used to study its effect on finger millet plant as a model plant system. Our objective was to explore the efficacy of CuChNp application to control Blast Disease of finger millet. CuChNp was applied to finger millet either as a foliar spray or as a combined application (involving seed coat and foliar spray). Both the application methods enhanced growth profile of finger millet plants and increased yield. The increased yield was nearly 89% in combined application method. Treated finger millet plants challenged with Pyricularia grisea showed suppression of Blast Disease development when compared to control. Nearly 75% protection was observed in the combined application of CuChNp to finger millet plants. In CuChNp treated finger millet plants, a significant increase in defense enzymes was observed, which was detected both qualitatively and quantitatively. The suppression of Blast Disease correlates well with increased defense enzymes in CuChNp treated finger millet plants.
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chitosan nanoparticle induced defense responses in fingermillet plants against Blast Disease caused by pyricularia grisea cke sacc
Carbohydrate Polymers, 2016Co-Authors: Muthukrishnan Sathiyabama, Appu ManikandanAbstract:Abstract The in vitro antifungal properties of chitosan nanoparticle and its role in protection of fingermillet plants from Blast Disease were evaluated. Chitosan nanoparticle inhibited the radial growth of Pyricularia grisea indicating the antifungal property. Application of chitosan nanoparticle delayed Blast symptom expression on fingermillet leaves for 25 days while it was on 15 day in control plants. Chitosan naoparticle was able to induce the reactive oxygen species and the level of peroxidase actvitiy in leaves of fingermillet, which might be the reason for delayed symptom. The treated plants showed reduced Disease incidence when compared to untreated control plants. These results suggested the role of chitosan nanoparticle in protecting fingermillet plants from P. grisea infection.
Muthukrishnan Sathiyabama - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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application of copper chitosan nanoparticles stimulate growth and induce resistance in finger millet eleusine coracana gaertn plants against Blast Disease
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2018Co-Authors: Muthukrishnan Sathiyabama, Appu ManikandanAbstract:Copper-chitosan nanoparticle (CuChNp) was synthesized and used to study its effect on finger millet plant as a model plant system. Our objective was to explore the efficacy of CuChNp application to control Blast Disease of finger millet. CuChNp was applied to finger millet either as a foliar spray or as a combined application (involving seed coat and foliar spray). Both the application methods enhanced growth profile of finger millet plants and increased yield. The increased yield was nearly 89% in combined application method. Treated finger millet plants challenged with Pyricularia grisea showed suppression of Blast Disease development when compared to control. Nearly 75% protection was observed in the combined application of CuChNp to finger millet plants. In CuChNp treated finger millet plants, a significant increase in defense enzymes was observed, which was detected both qualitatively and quantitatively. The suppression of Blast Disease correlates well with increased defense enzymes in CuChNp treated...
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application of copper chitosan nanoparticles stimulate growth and induce resistance in finger millet eleusine coracana gaertn plants against Blast Disease
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2018Co-Authors: Muthukrishnan Sathiyabama, Appu ManikandanAbstract:Copper-chitosan nanoparticle (CuChNp) was synthesized and used to study its effect on finger millet plant as a model plant system. Our objective was to explore the efficacy of CuChNp application to control Blast Disease of finger millet. CuChNp was applied to finger millet either as a foliar spray or as a combined application (involving seed coat and foliar spray). Both the application methods enhanced growth profile of finger millet plants and increased yield. The increased yield was nearly 89% in combined application method. Treated finger millet plants challenged with Pyricularia grisea showed suppression of Blast Disease development when compared to control. Nearly 75% protection was observed in the combined application of CuChNp to finger millet plants. In CuChNp treated finger millet plants, a significant increase in defense enzymes was observed, which was detected both qualitatively and quantitatively. The suppression of Blast Disease correlates well with increased defense enzymes in CuChNp treated finger millet plants.
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chitosan nanoparticle induced defense responses in fingermillet plants against Blast Disease caused by pyricularia grisea cke sacc
Carbohydrate Polymers, 2016Co-Authors: Muthukrishnan Sathiyabama, Appu ManikandanAbstract:Abstract The in vitro antifungal properties of chitosan nanoparticle and its role in protection of fingermillet plants from Blast Disease were evaluated. Chitosan nanoparticle inhibited the radial growth of Pyricularia grisea indicating the antifungal property. Application of chitosan nanoparticle delayed Blast symptom expression on fingermillet leaves for 25 days while it was on 15 day in control plants. Chitosan naoparticle was able to induce the reactive oxygen species and the level of peroxidase actvitiy in leaves of fingermillet, which might be the reason for delayed symptom. The treated plants showed reduced Disease incidence when compared to untreated control plants. These results suggested the role of chitosan nanoparticle in protecting fingermillet plants from P. grisea infection.
Sadegh Ashkani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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molecular progress on the mapping and cloning of functional genes for Blast Disease in rice oryza sativa l current status and future considerations
Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, 2016Co-Authors: Sadegh Ashkani, M Y Rafii, Mahmoodreza Shabanimofrad, Ali Ghasemzadeh, Seyed Ali Ravanfar, M A LatifAbstract:Rice Blast Disease, which is caused by the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, is a recurring problem in all rice-growing regions of the world. The use of resistance (R) genes in rice improvement breeding programmes has been considered to be one of the best options for crop protection and Blast management. Alternatively, quantitative resistance conferred by quantitative trait loci (QTLs) is also a valuable resource for the improvement of rice Disease resistance. In the past, intensive efforts have been made to identify major R-genes as well as QTLs for Blast Disease using molecular techniques. A review of bibliographic references shows over 100 Blast resistance genes and a larger number of QTLs (∼500) that were mapped to the rice genome. Of the Blast resistance genes, identified in different genotypes of rice, ∼22 have been cloned and characterized at the molecular level. In this review, we have summarized the reported rice Blast resistance genes and QTLs for utilization in future molecular breeding programmes to introgress high-degree resistance or to pyramid R-genes in commercial cultivars that are susceptible to M. oryzae. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the significant studies in order to update our understanding of the molecular progress on rice and M. oryzae. This information will assist rice breeders to improve the resistance to rice Blast using marker-assisted selection which continues to be a priority for rice-breeding programmes.
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molecular breeding strategy and challenges towards improvement of Blast Disease resistance in rice crop
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2015Co-Authors: Sadegh Ashkani, Gous Miah, Mahbod Sahebi, M Y Rafii, Mahmoodreza Shabanimofrad, Parisa Azizi, Fatah A Tanweer, Mohd Sayeed Akhtar, Abbas NasehiAbstract:Rice is a staple and most important security food crop consumed by almost half of the world's population. More rice production is needed due to the rapid population growth in the world. Rice Blast caused by the fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most destructive Diseases of this crop in different part of the world. Breakdown of Blast resistance is the major cause of yield instability in several rice growing areas. There is a need to develop strategies providing long-lasting Disease resistance against a broad spectrum of pathogens, giving protection for a long time over a broad geographic area, promising for sustainable rice production in the future. So far, molecular breeding approaches involving DNA markers, such as QTL mapping, marker-aided selection, gene pyramiding, allele mining and genetic transformation have been used to develop new resistant rice cultivars. Such techniques now are used as a low-cost, high-throughput alternative to conventional methods allowing rapid introgression of Disease resistance genes into susceptible varieties as well as the incorporation of multiple genes into individual lines for more durable Blast resistance. The paper briefly reviewed the progress of studies on this aspect to provide the interest information for rice Disease resistance breeding. This review includes examples of how advanced molecular method have been used in breeding programs for improving Blast resistance. New information and knowledge gained from previous research on the recent strategy and challenges towards improvement of Blast Disease such as pyramiding Disease resistance gene for creating new rice varieties with high resistance against multiple Diseases will undoubtedly provide new insights into the rice Disease control.
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molecular breeding strategy and challenges towards improvement of Blast Disease resistance in rice crop
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2015Co-Authors: Gous Miah, Mahbod Sahebi, Sadegh Ashkani, M Y Rafii, Mahmoodreza Shabanimofrad, Parisa Azizi, Fatah A Tanweer, Mohd Sayeed AkhtarAbstract:Rice is a staple and most important security food crop consumed by almost half of the world’s population. More rice production is needed due to the rapid population growth in the world. Rice Blast caused by the fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most destructive Diseases of this crop in different part of the world. Breakdown of Blast resistance is the major cause of yield instability in several rice growing areas. There is a need to develop strategies providing long-lasting Disease resistance against a broad spectrum of pathogens, giving protection for a long time over a broad geographic area, promising for sustainable rice production in the future. So far, molecular breeding approaches involving DNA markers, such as QTL mapping, marker-aided selection, gene pyramiding, allele mining and genetic transformation have been used to develop new resistant rice cultivars. Such techniques now are used as a low-cost, high-throughput alternative to conventional methods allowing rapid introgression of Disease resistance genes into susceptible varieties as well as the incorporation of multiple genes into individual lines for more durable Blast resistance. The paper briefly reviewed the progress of studies on this aspect to provide the interest information for rice Disease resistance breeding. This review includes examples of how advanced molecular method have been used in breeding programs for improve Blast resistance. New information and knowledge gained from previous research on the recent strategy and challenges toward improvement of Blast Disease such as pyramiding Disease resistance gene for creating new rice varieties with high resistance against multiple Diseases will undoubtedly provide new insights into the rice Disease control.
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genetic analysis of resistance to rice Blast a study on the inheritance of resistance to the Blast Disease pathogen in an f3 population of rice
Journal of Phytopathology, 2015Co-Authors: Mohd Rafii Yusop, Mahbod Sahebi, Sadegh Ashkani, M A Latif, Mahmoodreza Shabanimofrad, Abdul Rahim HarunAbstract:Blast caused by the fungus Magnaporthae grisea (Herbert) Borr. (anamorphe Pyricularia oryza Cav.) is a serious Disease of rice (Oryza sativa L.). One method to overcome this Disease is to develop Disease resistant cultivars. Due to the genetic plasticity in the pathogen genome, there is a continuous threat to the effectiveness of the developed cultivars. Additional studies of the genetics of resistance, virulence stability and functional genomics are required to accelerate research into understanding the molecular basis of Blast Disease resistance. In this study, individual plants of the F3 population derived from Pongsu Seribu 2 and Mahsuri were used for pathogenesis assays and inheritance studies of Blast resistance. The study was performed with two of the most virulent Malaysian M. grisea pathotypes: P7.2 and P5.0. For Blast screening, plants were scored based on the IRRI Standard Evaluation System (SES). F3 populations showed a segregation ratio of 3R:1S for pathotype P7.2, indicating that resistance to this pathotype is likely controlled by a single nuclear gene. Chi-square analysis showed that the F3 families segregated in a 15R:1S ratio for pathotype P5.0. Therefore, locus interactions or epitasis of Blast resistance occur against pathotype P5.0 in the F3 population derived from Pongsu Seribu 2 and Mahsuri. This can be explained by the presence of two independent dominant genes that when present simultaneously, provide resistance to the M. gresia pathotype P5.0. These results indicated that Blast resistance in rice is due to the combined effects of multiple loci with major and minor effects. The genetic data generated here will be useful in the breeding of local cultivars for resistance to field Blast. The methodology reported here will facilitate the mapping of genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) underlying the Blast resistance trait.
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mapping of the quantitative trait locus qtl conferring partial resistance to rice leaf Blast Disease
Biotechnology Letters, 2013Co-Authors: Sadegh Ashkani, M Y Rafii, Harun A Rahim, M A LatifAbstract:Malaysian rice, Pongsu Seribu 2, has wide-spectrum resistance against Blast Disease. Chromosomal locations conferring quantitative resistance were detected by linkage mapping with SSRs and quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis. For the mapping population, 188 F3 families were derived from a cross between the susceptible cultivar, Mahsuri, and a resistant variety, Pongsu Seribu 2. Partial resistance to leaf Blast in the mapping population was assessed. A linkage map covering ten chromosomes and consisting of 63 SSR markers was constructed. 13 QTLs, including 6 putative and 7 putative QTLs, were detected on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 11 and 12. The resulting phenotypic variation due to a single QTL ranged from 2 to 13 %. These QTLs accounted for approx. 80 % of the total phenotypic variation within the F3 population. Therefore, partial resistance to Blast in Pongsu Seribu 2 is due to combined effects of multiple loci with major and minor effects.
Nicholas J. Talbot - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a single fungal map kinase controls plant cell to cell invasion by the rice Blast fungus
Science, 2018Co-Authors: Wasin Sakulkoo, Barbara Valent, Miriam Osesruiz, Ely Oliveira Garcia, Darren M Soanes, George R Littlejohn, Christian Hacker, Ana Correia, Nicholas J. TalbotAbstract:Blast Disease destroys up to 30% of the rice crop annually and threatens global food security. The Blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae invades plant tissue with hyphae that proliferate and grow from cell to cell, often through pit fields, where plasmodesmata cluster. We showed that chemical genetic inhibition of a single fungal mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, Pmk1, prevents M. oryzae from infecting adjacent plant cells, leaving the fungus trapped within a single plant cell. Pmk1 regulates expression of secreted fungal effector proteins implicated in suppression of host immune defenses, preventing reactive oxygen species generation and excessive callose deposition at plasmodesmata. Furthermore, Pmk1 controls the hyphal constriction required for fungal growth from one rice cell to the neighboring cell, enabling host tissue colonization and Blast Disease.
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avirulence avr gene based diagnosis complements existing pathogen surveillance tools for effective deployment of resistance r genes against rice Blast Disease
Phytopathology, 2017Co-Authors: S M Selisana, Thomas C Mitchell, Nicholas J. Talbot, M J Yanoria, Berlaine Quime, C Chaipanya, R Opulencia, Guoliang Wang, J C Correll, H LeungAbstract:Avirulence (AVR) genes in Magnaporthe oryzae, the fungal pathogen that causes the devastating rice Blast Disease, have been documented to be major targets subject to mutations to avoid recognition by resistance (R) genes. In this study, an AVR-gene-based diagnosis tool for determining the virulence spectrum of a rice Blast pathogen population was developed and validated. A set of 77 single-spore field isolates was subjected to pathotype analysis using differential lines, each containing a single R gene, and classified into 20 virulent pathotypes, except for 4 isolates that lost pathogenicity. In all, 10 differential lines showed low frequency ( 95%), inferring the effectiveness of R genes present in the respective differential lines. In addition, the haplotypes of seven AVR genes were determined by polymerase chain reaction amplification and sequencing, if applicable. The calculated frequency of different AVR genes displayed significant variatio...
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genome wide functional analysis reveals that infection associated fungal autophagy is necessary for rice Blast Disease
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009Co-Authors: Michael J Kershaw, Nicholas J. TalbotAbstract:To cause rice Blast Disease, the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae elaborates specialized infection structures called appressoria, which use enormous turgor to rupture the tough outer cuticle of a rice leaf. Here, we report the generation of a set of 22 isogenic M. oryzae mutants each differing by a single component of the predicted autophagic machinery of the fungus. Analysis of this set of targeted deletion mutants demonstrated that loss of any of the 16 genes necessary for nonselective macroautophagy renders the fungus unable to cause rice Blast Disease, due to impairment of both conidial programmed cell death and appressorium maturation. In contrast, genes necessary only for selective forms of autophagy, such as pexophagy and mitophagy, are dispensable for appressorium-mediated plant infection. A genome-wide analysis therefore demonstrates the importance of infection-associated, nonselective autophagy for the establishment of rice Blast Disease.
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under pressure investigating the biology of plant infection by magnaporthe oryzae
Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2009Co-Authors: Richard A. Wilson, Nicholas J. TalbotAbstract:Almost one-quarter of the calories consumed by the global human population is derived from rice. Epidemics of rice Blast Disease, which are caused by the filamentous fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, therefore represent a major threat to global food stocks. This Review discusses how functional genomic approaches are shedding light on the mechanisms used by M. oryzae during plant infection.
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generation of reactive oxygen species by fungal nadph oxidases is required for rice Blast Disease
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2007Co-Authors: Martin J Egan, Zhengyi Wang, Mark A Jones, Nicholas Smirnoff, Nicholas J. TalbotAbstract:One of the first responses of plants to microbial attack is the production of extracellular superoxide surrounding infection sites. Here, we report that Magnaporthe grisea, the causal agent of rice Blast Disease, undergoes an oxidative burst of its own during plant infection, which is associated with its development of specialized infection structures called appressoria. Scavenging of these oxygen radicals significantly delayed the development of appressoria and altered their morphology. We targeted two superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase-encoding genes, Nox1 and Nox2, and demonstrated genetically, that each is independently required for pathogenicity of M. grisea. Δnox1 and Δnox2 mutants are incapable of causing plant Disease because of an inability to bring about appressorium-mediated cuticle penetration. The initiation of rice Blast Disease therefore requires production of superoxide by the invading pathogen.
M Y Rafii - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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molecular progress on the mapping and cloning of functional genes for Blast Disease in rice oryza sativa l current status and future considerations
Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, 2016Co-Authors: Sadegh Ashkani, M Y Rafii, Mahmoodreza Shabanimofrad, Ali Ghasemzadeh, Seyed Ali Ravanfar, M A LatifAbstract:Rice Blast Disease, which is caused by the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, is a recurring problem in all rice-growing regions of the world. The use of resistance (R) genes in rice improvement breeding programmes has been considered to be one of the best options for crop protection and Blast management. Alternatively, quantitative resistance conferred by quantitative trait loci (QTLs) is also a valuable resource for the improvement of rice Disease resistance. In the past, intensive efforts have been made to identify major R-genes as well as QTLs for Blast Disease using molecular techniques. A review of bibliographic references shows over 100 Blast resistance genes and a larger number of QTLs (∼500) that were mapped to the rice genome. Of the Blast resistance genes, identified in different genotypes of rice, ∼22 have been cloned and characterized at the molecular level. In this review, we have summarized the reported rice Blast resistance genes and QTLs for utilization in future molecular breeding programmes to introgress high-degree resistance or to pyramid R-genes in commercial cultivars that are susceptible to M. oryzae. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the significant studies in order to update our understanding of the molecular progress on rice and M. oryzae. This information will assist rice breeders to improve the resistance to rice Blast using marker-assisted selection which continues to be a priority for rice-breeding programmes.
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molecular breeding strategy and challenges towards improvement of Blast Disease resistance in rice crop
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2015Co-Authors: Sadegh Ashkani, Gous Miah, Mahbod Sahebi, M Y Rafii, Mahmoodreza Shabanimofrad, Parisa Azizi, Fatah A Tanweer, Mohd Sayeed Akhtar, Abbas NasehiAbstract:Rice is a staple and most important security food crop consumed by almost half of the world's population. More rice production is needed due to the rapid population growth in the world. Rice Blast caused by the fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most destructive Diseases of this crop in different part of the world. Breakdown of Blast resistance is the major cause of yield instability in several rice growing areas. There is a need to develop strategies providing long-lasting Disease resistance against a broad spectrum of pathogens, giving protection for a long time over a broad geographic area, promising for sustainable rice production in the future. So far, molecular breeding approaches involving DNA markers, such as QTL mapping, marker-aided selection, gene pyramiding, allele mining and genetic transformation have been used to develop new resistant rice cultivars. Such techniques now are used as a low-cost, high-throughput alternative to conventional methods allowing rapid introgression of Disease resistance genes into susceptible varieties as well as the incorporation of multiple genes into individual lines for more durable Blast resistance. The paper briefly reviewed the progress of studies on this aspect to provide the interest information for rice Disease resistance breeding. This review includes examples of how advanced molecular method have been used in breeding programs for improving Blast resistance. New information and knowledge gained from previous research on the recent strategy and challenges towards improvement of Blast Disease such as pyramiding Disease resistance gene for creating new rice varieties with high resistance against multiple Diseases will undoubtedly provide new insights into the rice Disease control.
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molecular breeding strategy and challenges towards improvement of Blast Disease resistance in rice crop
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2015Co-Authors: Gous Miah, Mahbod Sahebi, Sadegh Ashkani, M Y Rafii, Mahmoodreza Shabanimofrad, Parisa Azizi, Fatah A Tanweer, Mohd Sayeed AkhtarAbstract:Rice is a staple and most important security food crop consumed by almost half of the world’s population. More rice production is needed due to the rapid population growth in the world. Rice Blast caused by the fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most destructive Diseases of this crop in different part of the world. Breakdown of Blast resistance is the major cause of yield instability in several rice growing areas. There is a need to develop strategies providing long-lasting Disease resistance against a broad spectrum of pathogens, giving protection for a long time over a broad geographic area, promising for sustainable rice production in the future. So far, molecular breeding approaches involving DNA markers, such as QTL mapping, marker-aided selection, gene pyramiding, allele mining and genetic transformation have been used to develop new resistant rice cultivars. Such techniques now are used as a low-cost, high-throughput alternative to conventional methods allowing rapid introgression of Disease resistance genes into susceptible varieties as well as the incorporation of multiple genes into individual lines for more durable Blast resistance. The paper briefly reviewed the progress of studies on this aspect to provide the interest information for rice Disease resistance breeding. This review includes examples of how advanced molecular method have been used in breeding programs for improve Blast resistance. New information and knowledge gained from previous research on the recent strategy and challenges toward improvement of Blast Disease such as pyramiding Disease resistance gene for creating new rice varieties with high resistance against multiple Diseases will undoubtedly provide new insights into the rice Disease control.
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Blast resistance in rice a review of conventional breeding to molecular approaches
Molecular Biology Reports, 2013Co-Authors: Gous Miah, Mohd Razi Ismail, M Y Rafii, Harun A Rahim, Mohammad Abdul Latif, Adam Puteh, R AsfalizaAbstract:Blast Disease caused by the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae is the most severe Diseases of rice. Using classical plant breeding techniques, breeders have developed a number of Blast resistant cultivars adapted to different rice growing regions worldwide. However, the rice industry remains threatened by Blast Disease due to the instability of Blast fungus. Recent advances in rice genomics provide additional tools for plant breeders to improve rice production systems that would be environmentally friendly. This article outlines the application of conventional breeding, tissue culture and DNA-based markers that are used for accelerating the development of Blast resistant rice cultivars. The best way for controlling the Disease is to incorporate both qualitative and quantitative genes in resistant variety. Through conventional and molecular breeding many Blast-resistant varieties have been developed. Conventional breeding for Disease resistance is tedious, time consuming and mostly dependent on environment as compare to molecular breeding particularly marker assisted selection, which is easier, highly efficient and precise. For effective management of Blast Disease, breeding work should be focused on utilizing the broad spectrum of resistance genes and pyramiding genes and quantitative trait loci. Marker assisted selection provides potential solution to some of the problems that conventional breeding cannot resolve. In recent years, Blast resistant genes have introgressed into Luhui 17, G46B, Zhenshan 97B, Jin 23B, CO39, IR50, Pusa1602 and Pusa1603 lines through marker assisted selection. Introduction of exotic genes for resistance induced the occurrence of new races of Blast fungus, therefore breeding work should be concentrated in local resistance genes. This review focuses on the conventional breeding to the latest molecular progress in Blast Disease resistance in rice. This update information will be helpful guidance for rice breeders to develop durable Blast resistant rice variety through marker assisted selection.
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mapping of the quantitative trait locus qtl conferring partial resistance to rice leaf Blast Disease
Biotechnology Letters, 2013Co-Authors: Sadegh Ashkani, M Y Rafii, Harun A Rahim, M A LatifAbstract:Malaysian rice, Pongsu Seribu 2, has wide-spectrum resistance against Blast Disease. Chromosomal locations conferring quantitative resistance were detected by linkage mapping with SSRs and quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis. For the mapping population, 188 F3 families were derived from a cross between the susceptible cultivar, Mahsuri, and a resistant variety, Pongsu Seribu 2. Partial resistance to leaf Blast in the mapping population was assessed. A linkage map covering ten chromosomes and consisting of 63 SSR markers was constructed. 13 QTLs, including 6 putative and 7 putative QTLs, were detected on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 11 and 12. The resulting phenotypic variation due to a single QTL ranged from 2 to 13 %. These QTLs accounted for approx. 80 % of the total phenotypic variation within the F3 population. Therefore, partial resistance to Blast in Pongsu Seribu 2 is due to combined effects of multiple loci with major and minor effects.