The Experts below are selected from a list of 11937 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Brenna C. Bounds - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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lower gastrointestinal bleeding
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America, 2007Co-Authors: Brenna C. Bounds, Peter B KelseyAbstract:Lower gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in elderly patients. Lower endoscopic evaluation is established as the diagnostic procedure of choice in the setting of acute lower GI hemorrhage.
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Lower gastrointestinal bleeding
Gastroenterology Clinics of North America, 2003Co-Authors: Brenna C. Bounds, Lawrence S FriedmanAbstract:: Lower gastrointestinal bleeding is defined as blood loss that originates from a source distal to the ligament of Treitz and results in hemodynamic instability or symptomatic anemia. Although approximately 10% to 15% of patients presenting with acute severe hematochezia have an upper gastrointestinal source of bleeding identified on upper endoscopy, the most common causes of lower gastrointestinal bleeding are diverticulosis, hemorrhoids, ischemic colitis, and angiodysplasia. As with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, lower gastrointestinal bleeding ceases spontaneously in most cases.
Lawrence S Friedman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Lower gastrointestinal bleeding
Gastroenterology Clinics of North America, 2003Co-Authors: Brenna C. Bounds, Lawrence S FriedmanAbstract:: Lower gastrointestinal bleeding is defined as blood loss that originates from a source distal to the ligament of Treitz and results in hemodynamic instability or symptomatic anemia. Although approximately 10% to 15% of patients presenting with acute severe hematochezia have an upper gastrointestinal source of bleeding identified on upper endoscopy, the most common causes of lower gastrointestinal bleeding are diverticulosis, hemorrhoids, ischemic colitis, and angiodysplasia. As with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, lower gastrointestinal bleeding ceases spontaneously in most cases.
Rachel F Tyndale - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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alaska native smokers and smokeless tobacco users with slower cyp2a6 activity have lower tobacco consumption lower tobacco specific nitrosamine exposure and lower tobacco specific nitrosamine bioactivation
Carcinogenesis, 2013Co-Authors: Andy Z X Zhu, Matthew J Binnington, Caroline C Renner, Anne P Lanier, Dorothy K Hatsukami, Irina Stepanov, Clifford H Watson, Connie S Sosnoff, Neal L Benowitz, Rachel F TyndaleAbstract:Nicotine, the psychoactive ingredient in tobacco, is metabolically inactivated by CYP2A6 to cotinine. CYP2A6 also activates procarcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA). Genetic variation in CYP2A6 is known to alter smoking quantity and lung cancer risk in heavy smokers. Our objective was to investigate how CYP2A6 activity influences tobacco consumption and procarcinogen levels in light smokers and smokeless tobacco users. Cigarette smokers (n = 141), commercial smokeless tobacco users (n = 73) and iqmik users (n = 20) were recruited in a cross-sectional study of Alaska Native people. The participants' CYP2A6 activity was measured by both endophenotype and genotype, and their tobacco and procarcinogen exposure biomarker levels were also measured. Smokers, smokeless tobacco users and iqmik users with lower CYP2A6 activity had lower urinary total nicotine equivalents (TNE) and (methylnitrosamino)-1-(3)pyridyl-1-butanol (NNAL) levels (a biomarker of TSNA exposure). Levels of N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), a TSNA metabolically bioactivated by CYP2A6, were higher in smokers with lower CYP2A6 activities. Light smokers and smokeless tobacco users with lower CYP2A6 activity reduce their tobacco consumption in ways (e.g. inhaling less deeply) that are not reflected by self-report indicators. Tobacco users with lower CYP2A6 activity are exposed to lower procarcinogen levels (lower NNAL levels) and have lower procarcinogen bioactivation (as indicated by the higher urinary NNN levels suggesting reduced clearance), which is consistent with a lower risk of developing smoking-related cancers. This study demonstrates the importance of CYP2A6 in the regulation of tobacco consumption behaviors, procarcinogen exposure and metabolism in both light smokers and smokeless tobacco users.
Hui Wei - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of flower thrips thysanoptera thripidae on nutritional quality of banana zingiberales musaceae buds
PLOS ONE, 2018Co-Authors: Peng Huang, Yong Chen, Yongwen Lin, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Yanyang Lan, Hui WeiAbstract:The abundance of banana flower thrips (Thrips hawaiiensis Morgan) in a banana (Musa acuminata Colla “Williams” cultivar) plantation was investigated using yellow sticky traps (29.70 cm × 21.00 cm) in 2015. Banana flower thrips occurred throughout the year with monthly variation, and the maximum occurrence was observed in October and November during the bud burst (73.80 ± 6.32 adults/trap) and young fruit (70.06 ± 5.69 adults/trap) periods. The damage rates were as follows: interior flowers >3rd-layer flowers > 2nd-layer flowers > 1st-layer flowers > young fruits. This result indicates that thrips migrated to lower bracts, young fruits, and other flower buds as bracts gradually opened. Results also showed that the reducing sugar, vitamin C, protein and ash contents in thrips-damaged flowers were all significantly lower than those in undamaged flowers, while there was no significant difference between damaged and undamaged young banana fruit. Our results indicated that the abundances of banana flower thrips were closely associated with the growing stage of banana. Thrips mainly infested flower buds and caused a reduction in nutrients for the host plant, especially the reducing sugar and vitamin C contents, which reduced the nutritional quality of banana fruits and the quality of flower bud by-products of banana.
Elliott R Haut - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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lower gastrointestinal bleeding
Surgical Clinics of North America, 2014Co-Authors: Marcie Feinman, Elliott R HautAbstract:This article examines causes of occult, moderate and severe lower gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. The difference in the workup of stable vs unstable patients is stressed. Treatment options ranging from minimally invasive techniques to open surgery are explored.