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Wayan Kasa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Botanical Composition of forage by Timor Deer (Cervus timorensis Blainville) in A Monsoon Forest and Savanna of West Bali National Park
2014Co-Authors: Ketut Ginantra, Sentana Putra, Wayan Suarna, Wayan KasaAbstract:The research was conducted at monsoon forest-Prapat Agung and savanna-Brumbun in West Bali National Park (WBNP) to study Botanical Composition of the forage by timor deer (Cervus timorensis) and relationships availability of forage plants in the habitat unit with the forage plant utilization by deer. Botanical Composition in habitats determined from pground cover plant species at sampling quadrat. The Botanical Composition in deer diet est imated by using microhistological techniques of fec al samples.Selection of plant species calculated using i'vlev electivity index. Relationships forage plan ts availability and utilization of plant species by de er calculated using similarity index. The result st udy showed that’s differences in the availability of pl ants in two habitat unit (monsoon forest and savann a) effect on Botanical Composition in timor deer diet. In monsoon forest Botanical Composition in the die t is dominated by broadleaf plants (forbs and woodys) an d in the savanna dominated by graminoids. Based on the selection of plants, some plant are importan t species for the diet timor deer in the two habita t units both forbs, graminoids and woodys categories. There is a high correlation between the use of plants by the timor deer with the availability of food supply in the habitat. Implication for the management of deer habitat in WBNP focused to suppress the growth of p lant species are invasive and potentially cover an area for growth in dicotyledonous herbs and grasses were edible for deer.
B Toknok - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Botanical Composition and Carrying Capacity of Grazing Field in the Captive Breeding Area for Timor Deer (Cervus timorensis) at Wosu Village, Central Sulawesi
'Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)', 2020Co-Authors: Arifuddin, Muhammad S, 2 Damry, 3 Najamuddin, B ToknokAbstract:A research has been conducted to determine the Botanical Composition and the carrying capacity of the grazing field of a captive breeding area for Timor deer (Cervus timorensis) at Wosu Village, Bungku Barat District, Morowali District, Central Sulawesi Province from April 26 to May 16, 2018. Forage samples were taken with a destructive sampling method using a pair of 1×1 m frame. Dry matter content of the forage samples was analyzed at the Animal Nutrition and Feeding Laboratory, Tadulako University. Data were analyzed and results were presented descriptively. The results showed that the Botanical Composition of the grazing area was 83% grasses and 17% weeds. The grasses were dominated by Imperata cylindrica, Cyperus rotundus, Cyperus kyllingia Endl., and Paspalum conjugatum. The carrying capacity of the grazing field was about 4.14 deer/ha/yea
Michel Duru - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mineral nutritional status and Botanical Composition of pastures. I. Effects on herbage accumulation
European Journal of Agronomy, 1994Co-Authors: Michel Duru, G. Balent, A. LangletAbstract:Abstract Four permanent pastures which differed greatly in their Botanical Composition and in their herbage P and K nutritional status were or were not supplied with P-K fertilizers during a four-year period. By the fourth year, the four plots given P-K had similar herbage nutritional status, but differed in their Botanical Composition, whereas the two plots of a given pasture were similar in their Botanical Composition but differed in their herbage nutritional status. We exploited this variation to compare the effects of herbage nutritional status and Botanical Composition on herbage accumulation rate. Dry matter yield, leaf area index and dead material were measured several times from early April to early July. To compare plots, the pattern of herbage growth was divided into three phases. The first period lasted until the attainment of a leaf area index (LAI) of 2.0, when about 70 per cent of the radiation was intercepted. In the second period, we calculated the slope of the herbage accumulation curve with accumulated temperature. We also assessed the moment when the herbage accumulation rate started decreasing as a result of senescence. Compared with the most productive plot, the lower dry matter yields of the other plots (at the heading stage of Dactylis glomerata ) were associated with a low rate of increase in LAI rather than a low dry matter accumulation rate, once the leaf area index had reached the value of two. At that stage, the effect of a low P herbage nutritional status was as great as that of a poor Botanical Composition (lack of good grasses). Afterwards, the main factor affecting herbage accumulation was the herbage nutritional status, except in cases where the main species were leafy. The moment when the dry matter accumulation rate started decreasing depended on the phenology of the species and the amount of standing herbage.
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Mineral nutritional status and Botanical Composition of pastures. II. Effects on nitrogen concentration and digestibility of herbage
European Journal of Agronomy, 1994Co-Authors: Michel DuruAbstract:Abstract To study the effects of herbage nutritional status and Botanical Composition on herbage nitrogen content and digestibility, we carried out an experiment in which : (i) four plots had similar herbage nutritional status (N and P), but different Botanical Compositions, (ii) three pairs of plots each with similar Botanical Composition but different herbage nutritional status. Nitrogen content and digestibility patterns were studied from the start of vegetative growth to the time of flowering of the main grasses. To explain variation in nitrogen content and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), we studied the leaf-stem ratio and the percentage of senescent material in the herbage. At the start of vegetative growth, the IVOMD was stable but it was lower for P deficient plots in relation to Botanical Composition (plots dominated by Festuca rubra ). However, the temporal decrease of IVOMD was less rapid in these plots because they had a higher leaf-stem ratio and a lower percentage of senescent material. Thus, at the flowering stage of grasses, the IVOMD was the highest for P deficient plots. At the beginning of spring, the nitrogen content of the plot with non-limiting P herbage nutritional status was the highest, but it became the lowest after the heading stage of the main grasses. Differences between plots were related to P herbage nutritional status rather than to Botanical Composition : before stem elongation of the grasses, deficiency of P reduced N absorption, subsequently the rate of decrease in nitrogen concentration of the herbage was educed.
Castellaro Galdames Giorgio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Botanical Composition and Diet Quality of the Vicuñas (Vicugna vicugna Mol.) in Highland Range of Parinacota, Chile
'MDPI AG', 2020Co-Authors: Castellaro Galdames Giorgio, Orellana Mardones Carla, Escanilla Cruzat Juan, Bastías Morales Camilo, Cerpa Muñoz Patrich, Raggi LuisAbstract:Simple Summary For the proper management of grazing wild ungulates, it is very important to know the Botanical Composition and quality of their selected diets. In the case of the vicuna, a wild camelid that lives in the Chilean highlands, there is little information related to these aspects. Therefore, in this work, the variations in the Botanical Composition and quality of their diets throughout the year were studied, which were estimated by analyzing the plant fragments found in the feces and the concentration of nitrogen within them. The vicuna mainly selects grasses from dry and wet grassland but is also capable of selecting other species, such as graminoids and dicotyledonous herbs. These plants contribute to obtaining a diverse and high-quality diet, this being an efficient foraging strategy to be able to consume a good quality diet, mainly in the months of high nutritional demand, which coincides with the summer rainy season. Understanding the Botanical Composition of herbivores' diets and their nutritional quality is an important question in the development of sustainable strategies for the management of natural resources. In Chilean highland vicuna-grazed grasslands, there is little information in this regard and, therefore, this study aimed to determine the year-round profile of the diet's Botanical Composition and quality. In highland grasslands, on an area of 21.9 ha, continuously grazed for 3.06 VU/ha/year (18 degrees 03 ' S, 69 degrees 13 ' W; 4425 m.o.s.l), twelve feces piles were sampled monthly and were analyzed through microhistology, and the nitrogen concentration [NF, OM basis] was determined. The Botanical Composition, diversity (J) and selectivity index (E-i) of the main species were estimated. Diets were composed of dry-grassland grasses (37.7%), wet-grassland grasses (36.6%), graminoids (14.3%) and forbs (10.2%). The diet diversity ranged from 0.79 (dry-winter) to 0.87 (wet-summer). The main dominant grassland species obtained negative E(i)values. The annual mean value of [NF] was estimated as 1.82%, with a higher value in summer months (2.21%), which coincides with the physiological states of higher nutritional demand. The vicunas behave like generalist ungulates, having a high degree of selectivity towards grass species, which mostly fulfill a nutritional role in subsistence and a functional role in survival, applying foraging strategies that allow them to obtain a better quality diet during the season of greatest nutritional demand.Agrarian Innovation Foundation (FIA) PIT-2008-018
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Botanical Composition and Diet Quality of the Vicuñas (Vicugna vicugna Mol.) in Highland Range of Parinacota, Chile
'MDPI AG', 2020Co-Authors: Castellaro Galdames Giorgio, Cerpa Muñoz Patrich, Yáñez Orellana, Carla Fernanda, Escanilla Juan, Bastías Camilo, Raggi Saini LuisAbstract:Understanding the Botanical Composition of herbivores’ diets and their nutritional quality is an important question in the development of sustainable strategies for the management of natural resources. In Chilean highland vicuña-grazed grasslands, there is little information in this regard and, therefore, this study aimed to determine the year-round profile of the diet’s Botanical Composition and quality. In highland grasslands, on an area of 21.9 ha, continuously grazed for 3.06 VU/ha/year (18 030 S, 69 130 W; 4425 m.o.s.l), twelve feces piles were sampled monthly and were analyzed through microhistology, and the nitrogen concentration [NF,OMbasis] was determined. The Botanical Composition, diversity (J) and selectivity index (Ei) of the main species were estimated. Diets were composed of dry–grassland grasses (37.7%), wet–grassland grasses (36.6%), graminoids (14.3%) and forbs (10.2%). The diet diversity ranged from 0.79 (dry–winter) to 0.87 (wet–summer). The main dominant grassland species obtained negative Ei values. The annual mean value of [NF] was estimated as 1.82%, with a higher value in summer months (2.21%), which coincides with the physiological states of higher nutritional demand. The vicuñas behave like generalist ungulates, having a high degree of selectivity towards grass species, which mostly fulfill a nutritional role in subsistence and a functional role in survival, applying foraging strategies that allow them to obtain a better quality diet during the season of greatest nutritional demand.Agrarian Innovation Foundation (FIA) PIT-2008-018
Duru - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effect of N and P fertilizer application and Botanical Composition on the leaf/stem ratio patterns in spring in Pyrenean meadows
Grass and Forage Science, 1999Co-Authors: Calvière, DuruAbstract:The effect of Botanical Composition and nutrient availability on the relative allocation of biomass to stems and leaves in a permanent upland pasture in the central Pyrenees was assessed. Six short-term and medium-term fertilizer treatments (nitrogen and phosphorus) were applied to a meadow to create large differences in the proportions of the different species and a wide range of herbage nutrient status. The above-ground herbage dry-matter components (green leaves, sheaths and stems for grasses and dicotyledons, and senescent material) were measured for the first growth cycle. The leaf mass depended mainly on the herbage N status, whereas the stem mass depended both on the Botanical Composition and on the herbage N and P status. During spring growth, the proportion of leaves in the above-ground dry matter decreased faster in plots that had the highest nutrient status or that were composed of species characteristic of nutrient-rich (Festuca-poor) habitats. Application of fertilizer decreased the proportion of leaves both for grasses and dicotyledons, but to a larger extent for grasses. There was a single relationship between the proportion of leaves in the above-ground dry matter and the total mass of above-ground dry matter, irrespective of the sampling date, the Botanical Composition or the herbage nutrient status. This statistical relationship resulted from (i) a faster increase in stem mass than leaf mass for a given Botanical Composition when the herbage nutritional status increased, (ii) a greater stem mass when the sward was composed of species usually found in nutrient-rich habitats.