The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ana M. Anton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
allelopathic effect of endemic south american Bothriochloa species poaceae andropogoneae
Journal of Essential Oil Research, 2019Co-Authors: Lidia Raquel Scrivanti, Ana M. AntonAbstract:The essential oil composition of Bothriochloa velutina has been studied. The principal compounds of essential oils of three South American endemics, B. eurylemma, B. meridionalis and B. velutina we...
-
delimiting species boundaries within the Bothriochloa saccharoides complex poaceae through morphometric analysis
Phytotaxa, 2013Co-Authors: Lidia Raquel Scrivanti, Guillermo Alberto Norrmann, Ana M. AntonAbstract:The Bothriochloa saccharoides complex is one of the most interesting groups within the genus Bothriochloa (Poaceae). The plants inhabit grasslands of tropical and subtropical regions from the Americas. Principal components analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis (DA) were employed to evaluate the morphological variation among 60 herbarium specimens tentatively identified as B. imperatoides , B. laguroides , B. longipaniculata , B. saccharoides and B. torreyana . Twenty-three morphological characters were included in the analysis in order to clarify problematic species boundaries. Chemical data was incorporated to improve the resolution on delimitation of the species complex. Taxa were delimited according to the observed clustering of specimens in the PCA plots and discriminant analysis, and diagnostic characters were identified. The results showed that five taxa could be distinguished on the basis of morphological characters and chemical data. Two new subspecies are described: B. saccharoides subsp. americana and B. saccharoides subsp. australis . An identification key and a taxonomic synopsis are provided.
-
allelopathic potential of south american Bothriochloa species poaceae andropogoneae
2011Co-Authors: Lidia Raquel Scrivanti, Ana M. Anton, Julio A ZygadloAbstract:In laboratory bioassays the aqueous extracts from different plant parts of six Bothriochloa species (B. barbinodis, B. edwardsiana, B. perforata, B. saccharoides,. var. saccharoides and B. springfieldii) inhibited the seed germination and root and shoot growth of lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.), maize ( Zea mays L.), wintergreen paspalum ( Paspalum guenoarum Arechav.) and lovegrass [ Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees)] test species. Aqueous extracts were more inhibitory to shoot and root elongation than to seed germination. Significant inhibition in shoot length at all concentrations indicated the phytotoxic activity of extracts. The toxicity enhanced with increasing aqueous extract concentrations. Perhaps these extracts may contain allelochemicals, which interferes with seed germination and seedling growth of plants. Consequently, the study of these chemical interactions might be useful to develop new classes of environmentally safe herbicides. Key Word: Allelopathy, aqueous extracts, Bothriochloa , inhibition, Poaceae, root growth, seed germination, shoot growth
-
nueva combinacion en Bothriochloa kuntze poaceae
Candollea, 2011Co-Authors: Lidia Raquel Scrivanti, Ana M. AntonAbstract:Fil: Scrivanti, Lidia Raquel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Cordoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal (p); Argentina
-
essential oil composition of Bothriochloa kuntze poaceae from south america and their chemotaxonomy
Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 2009Co-Authors: Lidia Raquel Scrivanti, Ana M. Anton, Julio A ZygadloAbstract:The essential oils compositions of the 13 taxa (twelve species and two varities) of Bothriochloa have been studied. Two entities are endemics: Bothriochloa eurylemma and Bothriochloa meridionalis. The other nine taxa have disjunt distribution between North and South America and are representatives of two complexes: the Bothriochloa barbinodis complex and the Bothriochloa saccharoides complex. Multivariated statistical analysis (Principal Component Analysis, Hierarchical Cluster Analysis) applied to GC–MS data seems to have systematic significance for the delimitation of the species, independently of their morphological characteristics. However, some affinities with chromosome complement and mode of reproduction (amphimixis or sexuality) can be recognized.
Lidia Raquel Scrivanti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
allelopathic effect of endemic south american Bothriochloa species poaceae andropogoneae
Journal of Essential Oil Research, 2019Co-Authors: Lidia Raquel Scrivanti, Ana M. AntonAbstract:The essential oil composition of Bothriochloa velutina has been studied. The principal compounds of essential oils of three South American endemics, B. eurylemma, B. meridionalis and B. velutina we...
-
delimiting species boundaries within the Bothriochloa saccharoides complex poaceae through morphometric analysis
Phytotaxa, 2013Co-Authors: Lidia Raquel Scrivanti, Guillermo Alberto Norrmann, Ana M. AntonAbstract:The Bothriochloa saccharoides complex is one of the most interesting groups within the genus Bothriochloa (Poaceae). The plants inhabit grasslands of tropical and subtropical regions from the Americas. Principal components analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis (DA) were employed to evaluate the morphological variation among 60 herbarium specimens tentatively identified as B. imperatoides , B. laguroides , B. longipaniculata , B. saccharoides and B. torreyana . Twenty-three morphological characters were included in the analysis in order to clarify problematic species boundaries. Chemical data was incorporated to improve the resolution on delimitation of the species complex. Taxa were delimited according to the observed clustering of specimens in the PCA plots and discriminant analysis, and diagnostic characters were identified. The results showed that five taxa could be distinguished on the basis of morphological characters and chemical data. Two new subspecies are described: B. saccharoides subsp. americana and B. saccharoides subsp. australis . An identification key and a taxonomic synopsis are provided.
-
allelopathic potential of south american Bothriochloa species poaceae andropogoneae
2011Co-Authors: Lidia Raquel Scrivanti, Ana M. Anton, Julio A ZygadloAbstract:In laboratory bioassays the aqueous extracts from different plant parts of six Bothriochloa species (B. barbinodis, B. edwardsiana, B. perforata, B. saccharoides,. var. saccharoides and B. springfieldii) inhibited the seed germination and root and shoot growth of lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.), maize ( Zea mays L.), wintergreen paspalum ( Paspalum guenoarum Arechav.) and lovegrass [ Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees)] test species. Aqueous extracts were more inhibitory to shoot and root elongation than to seed germination. Significant inhibition in shoot length at all concentrations indicated the phytotoxic activity of extracts. The toxicity enhanced with increasing aqueous extract concentrations. Perhaps these extracts may contain allelochemicals, which interferes with seed germination and seedling growth of plants. Consequently, the study of these chemical interactions might be useful to develop new classes of environmentally safe herbicides. Key Word: Allelopathy, aqueous extracts, Bothriochloa , inhibition, Poaceae, root growth, seed germination, shoot growth
-
nueva combinacion en Bothriochloa kuntze poaceae
Candollea, 2011Co-Authors: Lidia Raquel Scrivanti, Ana M. AntonAbstract:Fil: Scrivanti, Lidia Raquel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Cordoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal (p); Argentina
-
allelopathic potential of Bothriochloa laguroides var laguroides dc herter poaceae andropogoneae
Flora, 2010Co-Authors: Lidia Raquel ScrivantiAbstract:Bothriochloa laguroides var. laguroides (DC.) Herter, a native bluestem of America, has been shown to produce many biologically active compounds. The allelopathic potential of aqueous extracts from roots, stems and leaves was examined. Lettuce seeds (Lactuca sativa) and maize (Zea mays), the common allelopathy bioassay systems, as well as seeds from two native species, wintergreen paspalum (Paspalum guenoarum) and lovegrass (Eragrostis curvula), were germinated in the presence of aqueous extracts. Percent seed germination, root and shoot elongation were measured. After 4 and 7 days root, stem and leaf extracts caused inhibition of root and shoot elongation in all four species tested. Aqueous extracts were generally less inhibitory to seed germination. Aqueous extracts from different parts of B. laguroides var. laguroides show therefore allelopathic effects inhibiting, in particular, growth of competing plants.
Karen R Hickman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
combining glyphosate with burning or mowing improves control of yellow bluestem Bothriochloa ischaemum
Rangeland Ecology & Management, 2013Co-Authors: Scott Robertson, Karen R Hickman, Keith R Harmoney, David M LeslieAbstract:Abstract The invasive yellow bluestem (Bothriochloa ischaemum [L.] Keng) threatens native biodiversity, and its control is of interest to land managers involved in restoration of invaded grasslands. We used single, double, and triple applications of glyphosate (2.125 kg ai · ha−1 · application−1) over the course of one growing season in combinations at different timings (early, middle, late season) with and without a mechanical treatment of mowing or burning to determine the most effective control method. One year after treatment, burning and mowing prior to a mid-season single or double early, middle, and/or late season herbicide application resulted in a similar level of control of yellow bluestem relative to a triple herbicide application, all of which had greater control relative to herbicide treatment alone. Reproductive tiller density and visual obstruction increased 2 yr after treatment with two herbicide treatments applied either early and middle season or early and late season, but it was prevent...
-
research note combining glyphosate with burning or mowing improves control of yellow bluestem Bothriochloa ischaemum
2013Co-Authors: Scott Robertson, Karen R Hickman, Keith R Harmoney, David M LeslieAbstract:The invasive yellow bluestem (Bothriochloa ischaemum (L.) Keng) threatens native biodiversity, and its control is of interest to land managers involved in restoration of invaded grasslands. We used single, double, and triple applications of glyphosate (2.125 kg aiha � 1 � application � 1 ) over the course of one growing season in combinations at different timings (early, middle, late season) with and without a mechanical treatment of mowing or burning to determine the most effective control method. One year after treatment, burning and mowing prior to a mid-season single or double early, middle, and/or late season herbicide application resulted in a similar level of control of yellow bluestem relative to a triple herbicide application, all of which had greater control relative to herbicide treatment alone. Reproductive tiller density and visual obstruction increased 2 yr after treatment with two herbicide treatments applied either early and middle season or early and late season, but it was prevented with burning and mowing prior to herbicide application. With the exception of three herbicide applications, combining burning or mowing with herbicide applications provided more effective control of yellow bluestem than any individual herbicide applications. Burning or mowing likely improves glyphosate effectiveness by altering the invasive grass structure so that plants are clear of standing dead and have shorter, active regrowth to enhance herbicide effectiveness. During restoration projects requiring control of invasive yellow bluestem, an effective management option is a combination of mechanical and chemical control.
-
rate and timing of glyphosate application to control caucasian old world bluestem Bothriochloa bladhii
Invasive Plant Science and Management, 2010Co-Authors: Keith R Harmoney, Phillip W Stahlman, Patrick W Geier, Karen R HickmanAbstract:Abstract Caucasian Old World bluestem (OWB) has escaped into native rangelands and could have unknown effects on distribution, utilization, growth, and reproduction of native plant and animal species. This trial was established to determine the rate and timing of glyphosate application that will provide the greatest OWB suppression. Treatments included glyphosate applied early at the five-leaf stage of growth with 1.12, 2.24, or 3.36 kg glyphosate ai ha−1 (1, 2, or 3 lb ai ac−1), sequential application with an early glyphosate application of 1.12, 2.24, or 3.36 kg ha−1 followed by a second application 8 wk later of either 1.12 or 2.24 kg ha−1, and a late-only application of 1.12, 2.24, or 3.36 kg ha−1. Sequential glyphosate applications with at least one of the early or late applications being 2.24 kg ha−1 or more reduced OWB frequencies from over 87% to below 30% each year. During a moist year, all sequential application treatments reduced OWB frequency to 12% or less. Frequency of OWB the year after app...
-
competitive abilities of native grasses and non native Bothriochloa spp grasses
Plant Ecology, 2008Co-Authors: Cheryl D Schmidt, Karen R Hickman, Rob Channell, Keith R Harmoney, William J StarkAbstract:Old World Bluestems (OWB), introduced from Europe and Asia in the 1920s, recently have begun to raise concerns in the Great Plains. Despite suggestion in the late 1950s that OWB were weedy and negatively impacted biological diversity, they were widely introduced throughout the Great Plains for agricultural purposes. Anecdotal evidence suggests that OWB exhibit invasive characteristics that promote competitive exclusion of native species. The objective of our study was to quantify the competitive abilities of two OWB species (Caucasian bluestem; Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz.) S.T. Blake (= Bothriochloa caucasica (Trin.) C.E. Hubb.) and yellow bluestem; Bothriochloa ischaemum (L.) Keng) with three native grass species (big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman), little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash), and sideoats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr.)). A greenhouse target-neighbor study was conducted to assess both interspecific and intraspecific competition. A total of 480 pots (4.4 l) filled with native soil was used with all pair-wise combinations of species and four density treatments (six replications). Vegetative tiller height, above- and belowground biomass were measured at the end of 16 weeks. Both of the OWB significantly inhibited at least one growth parameter of the three native grass species, while most of the native species did not inhibit growth of either OWB species. Growth of B. ischaemum was enhanced when grown in association with S. scoparium. Based upon the results of our study of OWB competitive superiority and previous research, many of the characteristics possessed by OWB are found to be in common with known invasive species. Hence, we propose that two OWB are competitively superior to three common native prairie species providing them with the ability to invade and threaten the native grasslands of the Central and Southern Great Plains.
-
effects of old world bluestem Bothriochloa ischaemum on food availability and avian community composition within the mixed grass prairie
Southwestern Naturalist, 2006Co-Authors: Karen R Hickman, Rob Channell, Greg H Farley, Jan E SteierAbstract:Abstract Various grassland bird species have displayed population declines over the past 30 to 40 years, and interest in explaining possible causes for the declines has prompted numerous studies. Many of these studies have focused on changes in agricultural practices; few have evaluated possible effects of the presence of nonnative grasses in grasslands. The objective of our study was to determine the effects a nonnative grass, Old World bluestem (OWB; Bothriochloa ischaemum), might have on grassland bird species abundance and richness, and on bird food availability (arthropod biomass). Three pastures each of native range, expired Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), and OWB were sampled from May to July 2001 in Comanche County, Kansas. Bird abundance and species richness were assessed by using a point-count method along 3 transects in each pasture. Food availability was estimated by collecting arthropods along 10 transects in each pasture by sweep-netting. Results showed significantly lower bird abundance...
K Surowiec - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
essential oil composition of ww b dahl old world bluestem Bothriochloa bladhii grown in the texas high plains
Industrial Crops and Products, 2019Co-Authors: Krishna B Bhandari, C P West, D Klein, S Subbiah, K SurowiecAbstract:Abstract Bothriochloa spp. include aromatic grasses that produce essential oils. Some of these grasses are reported to repel economically important insects. Leaves, stems, and seedheads of ‘WW-B.Dahl’ old world bluestem [Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz) S.T. Blake] were sampled during 3 years. Quantitative analysis by GC and GC–MS methods revealed a total of 172 compounds from methylation method, and 105 compounds from steam distillation method. Acorenone-B [spiro[4.5]dec-6-en-8-one, 1,7-dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-] was in greatest concentration in both methods; however, this compound was detected on only one date (12 August) out of three collection dates extracted by steam distillation. Twenty-two compounds were detected by simple solvent extraction, in which acorenone-B was in greatest concentration in seedheads and least in stems. Diethylhexyl adipate was in highest concentration in stems and least in seedheads among the oils extracted by simple solvent. Camphene and limonene were present in the samples that contained seedheads. Naphthalene, a known insect deterrent, was detected in oils extracted from all methods and in all plant parts. Old world bluestem grass contained measurable amounts of essential oils that may be associated with previously observed repellency of red imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta Buren).
Krishna B Bhandari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
essential oil composition of ww b dahl old world bluestem Bothriochloa bladhii grown in the texas high plains
Industrial Crops and Products, 2019Co-Authors: Krishna B Bhandari, C P West, D Klein, S Subbiah, K SurowiecAbstract:Abstract Bothriochloa spp. include aromatic grasses that produce essential oils. Some of these grasses are reported to repel economically important insects. Leaves, stems, and seedheads of ‘WW-B.Dahl’ old world bluestem [Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz) S.T. Blake] were sampled during 3 years. Quantitative analysis by GC and GC–MS methods revealed a total of 172 compounds from methylation method, and 105 compounds from steam distillation method. Acorenone-B [spiro[4.5]dec-6-en-8-one, 1,7-dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-] was in greatest concentration in both methods; however, this compound was detected on only one date (12 August) out of three collection dates extracted by steam distillation. Twenty-two compounds were detected by simple solvent extraction, in which acorenone-B was in greatest concentration in seedheads and least in stems. Diethylhexyl adipate was in highest concentration in stems and least in seedheads among the oils extracted by simple solvent. Camphene and limonene were present in the samples that contained seedheads. Naphthalene, a known insect deterrent, was detected in oils extracted from all methods and in all plant parts. Old world bluestem grass contained measurable amounts of essential oils that may be associated with previously observed repellency of red imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta Buren).