The Experts below are selected from a list of 282 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Farid Chemat - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Extraction // Steam Distillation
Reference Module in Chemistry Molecular Sciences and Chemical Engineering, 2015Co-Authors: Farid Chemat, Chahrazed BoutekedjiretAbstract:Volatile substances are generally present at low concentrations. Before such substances can be analyzed, they have to be extracted from the plant matrix. Different methods can be used for this purpose, for example Steam Distillation, solvent extraction, and simultaneous Distillation-extraction. Nevertheless, these molecules are well known to be thermally sensitive and vulnerable to chemical changes. Losses of some volatile compounds, low extraction efficiency, degradation of unsaturated or ester compounds through thermal or hydrolytic effects and toxic solvent residue in the extract may be encountered using these extraction methods. These shortcomings have led to the consideration of the use of new green extraction techniques and procedures that may contribute to environmental preservation by reducing the use of solvents, fossil energy and generation of hazardous substances.
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Valorization of citrus by-products using Microwave Steam Distillation (MSD)
Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies, 2011Co-Authors: Naima Sahraoui, Chahrazed Boutekedjiret, Farid Chemat, Maryline Abert Vian, Mohamed El MaataouiAbstract:A microwave Steam Distillation (MSD) of essential oils from fresh citrus by-products (orange peels) was studied. The effectiveness of this innovative method in extraction of citrus essential oils have been evaluated and compared to conventional Steam Distillation. MSD offers important advantages like shorter extraction time (6 min), cleaner features and provides an essential oil with better sensory properties (better reproduction of natural fresh fruit aroma of the citrus essential oil) at optimized power (500 W). Results from chemical and cytological approaches confirm the effectiveness of this new technique, that allows substantial savings in terms of time and energy. Industrial relevance: The treatment of by-products represents a strong demand for industrial fruits processing, which produces tonnages of waste material such as peels, seeds and fibers. The disposal of these materials usually represents an industrial legal restriction problem. Moreover, the waste treatment represents significant costs and is often misjudged by companies. Transformation of waste products with high value-added allows companies to reduce the global treatment costs, sometimes even to take some profits and thus improve their competitiveness. Moreover, the recovery process of by-products is part of the current existing sustainable development and environmental protection.
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Improved microwave Steam Distillation apparatus for isolation of essential oils: Comparison with conventional Steam Distillation
Journal of Chromatography A, 2008Co-Authors: Naima Sahraoui, Maryline Vian, Isabelle Bornard, Chahrazed Boutekedjiret, Farid ChematAbstract:Steam Distillation (SD) is routinely used by analysts for the isolation of essential oils from herbs, flowers and spices prior to gas chromatographic analysis. In this work, a new process design and operation for an improved microwave Steam Distillation (MSD) of essential oils from aromatic natural products was developed. To demonstrate its feasibility, MSD was compared with the conventional technique, SD, for the analysis of volatile compounds from dry lavender flowers (Lavandula angustifolia Mill., Lamiaceae). Essential oils isolated by MSD were quantitatively (yield) and qualitatively (aromatic profile) similar to those obtained by SD, but MSD was better than SD in terms of rapidity (6 min versus 30 min for lavender flowers), thereby allowing substantial savings of costs in terms of time and energy. Lavender flowers treated by MSD and SD were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Micrographs provide evidence of more rapid opening of essential oil glands treated by MSD, in contrast to conventional SD
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microwave accelerated Steam Distillation of essential oil from lavender a rapid clean and environmentally friendly approach
Analytica Chimica Acta, 2006Co-Authors: Farid Chemat, Marieelisabeth Lucchesi, Jacqueline Smadja, L Favretto, G Colnaghi, Franco VisinoniAbstract:A new process design and operation for microwave accelerated Steam Distillation (MASD) of essential oils was developed. A packed bed of lavender flowers (Lavandula angustifolia Mill., Lamiaceae) sits above the Steam source generated by microwave heating. Only Steam passes through it without the boiling water mixing with vegetable raw material, as is the case in hydro-Distillation. MASD has been compared with a conventional technique, Steam Distillation (SD), for the extraction of essential oil from lavender flowers. Extraction of essential oils from lavender with MASD was better than SD in terms of energy saving, rapidity (10 min versus 90 min), product yield, cleanliness and product quality.
Alastair C Lewis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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analysis of volatile components from ziziphora taurica subsp taurica by Steam Distillation superheated water extraction and direct thermal desorption with gc gc tofms
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2005Co-Authors: Mustafa Z Ozel, Fahrettin Gogus, Jacqueline F Hamilton, Alastair C LewisAbstract:Volatile components from the leaves of Ziziphora taurica subsp. taurica have been isolated by Steam Distillation, superheated-water extraction, and direct thermal desorption techniques. The volatile components were characterized by comprehensive two dimensional gas chromatography–time of flight mass spectrometry. The extraction yields from Z. taurica leaves were found to be 1.56% and 1.32% for Steam Distillation and superheated-water extraction respectively. The major compounds found in the volatile fractions of the leaves of Z. taurica were pulegone, terpinen-4-ol, cis-carveol, trans-carveol, and verbenone. The number of volatile components identified were 28, 30, and 41 for Steam Distillation, superheated-water extraction, and direct thermal desorption, respectively.
Guillermo Reglero - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Preconcentration of volatile components of foods: optimization of the Steam Distillation-solvent extraction at normal pressure
Journal of Chromatography A, 1993Co-Authors: Gracia Patricia Blanch, Javier Tabera, Marta Herraiz, Guillermo RegleroAbstract:Abstract Optimization of the experimental conditions affecting the simultaneous Steam Distillation-solvent extraction of volatile components of foods was carried out by using the modified sequential simplex method. For this purpose, a new micro Steam Distillation-extraction device was constructed. The apparatus includes an enlarged surface condenser which contributes to preventing eventual losses of high-volatility components. Determination in the μg/l range of compounds having different polarities and volatilities are accomplished with high recoveries. The construction of the apparatus is such that the use of extraction solvents having densities either higher or lower than that of the solvent sample is feasible with only one configuration.
Sh. Ayatollahi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Simulation of Steam Distillation process using neural networks
Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2009Co-Authors: Mohammad T. Vafaei, Reza Eslamloueyan, Sh. AyatollahiAbstract:Abstract Steam Distillation process improves oil recovery processes involving Steam injection up to 50%. Due to its immense effect on oil recovery, several attempts have been made to simulate this process experimentally and theoretically. Since detailed crude oil data is rarely available, a model should be presented to predict the distillate rate with minimum entry parameters. For this purpose, a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) network is used in this research as a new and effective method to simulate the distillate recoveries of 16 sets of crude oil data obtained from literature. API, viscosity, characterization factor and Steam Distillation factor are input parameters of the network while distillate yield is the result of the model. Thirteen sets of data were used for training the network and three remaining sets were used to test the model. Comparison between the developed MLP model, Equation of State (EOS)-based method and Holland–Welch correlations indicates that the errors of the MLP model for training and test data sets are significantly lower than that of those methods. Also, the MLP network does not require oil characterization, which is a necessary and rigorous step in EOS and Holland–Welch methods.
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Analysis and Simulation of Steam Distillation Mechanism during the Steam Injection Process
Energy & Fuels, 2008Co-Authors: Mohammad T. Vafaei, Reza Eslamloueyan, L. Enfeali, Sh. AyatollahiAbstract:Steam Distillation could improve the oil recovery efficiency during the Steam injection enhanced oil recovery process. Because of its immense effects on oil recovery, it is important to investigate the main parameters of Steam Distillation as well as the effects of oil and reservoir properties during this thermal process. In this work, the simulation of batch Steam Distillation is performed on 18 sets of crude oil found in the literature. The developed model is highly compatible with respect to the input oil properties that can also characterize the oil with minimum entry. The calculated distillates were compared to the experimental data, and the results show an average relative error of 13.74% for 15 sets of crude oil data, each calculated at 20 different points. According to this study, the superheat conditions of Steam and the amount of light oil fractions have the greatest effect on the Distillation yields, while the Steam saturation conditions have less considerable effects. It was also found that th...
Mustafa Z Ozel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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analysis of volatile components from ziziphora taurica subsp taurica by Steam Distillation superheated water extraction and direct thermal desorption with gc gc tofms
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2005Co-Authors: Mustafa Z Ozel, Fahrettin Gogus, Jacqueline F Hamilton, Alastair C LewisAbstract:Volatile components from the leaves of Ziziphora taurica subsp. taurica have been isolated by Steam Distillation, superheated-water extraction, and direct thermal desorption techniques. The volatile components were characterized by comprehensive two dimensional gas chromatography–time of flight mass spectrometry. The extraction yields from Z. taurica leaves were found to be 1.56% and 1.32% for Steam Distillation and superheated-water extraction respectively. The major compounds found in the volatile fractions of the leaves of Z. taurica were pulegone, terpinen-4-ol, cis-carveol, trans-carveol, and verbenone. The number of volatile components identified were 28, 30, and 41 for Steam Distillation, superheated-water extraction, and direct thermal desorption, respectively.
