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Albert K. Culbreath - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Field evaluation and components of peanut rust resistance of newly developed Breeding Lines
Peanut Science, 2019Co-Authors: I.l. Power, Timothy B. Brenneman, Robert C. Kemerait, Barry L. Tillman, Katherine L. Stevenson, Albert K. CulbreathAbstract:ABSTRACT Field, greenhouse, and growth chamber experiments were conducted to determine the level of resistance to Puccinia arachidis Speg. in newly developed Breeding Lines of peanut (Arachis hypog...
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Late Leaf Spot Severity and Yield of New Peanut Breeding Lines and Cultivars Grown Without Fungicides.
Plant Disease, 2017Co-Authors: Brian S. Jordan, Albert K. Culbreath, Timothy B. Brenneman, Robert C. Kemerait, William D. BranchAbstract:Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) cultivars with resistance or tolerance to Cercospora arachidicola and/or Cercosporidium personatum, the causes of early and late leaf spot, respectively, are needed for organic production in the southeastern U.S. To determine the potential of new Breeding Lines for use in such production systems, field experiments were conducted in Tifton, GA, in 2014 and 2015 in which nine Breeding Lines and two cultivars, Georgia-06G and Georgia-12Y, were grown without foliar fungicide applications. In one set of trials, cultivar Georgia-12Y and most of the Breeding Lines evaluated had early season vigor ratings, early-season canopy width measurements, final plant populations, and pod yield that were greater than those of standard cultivar Georgia-06G. In those trials, final late leaf spot Florida scale ratings were lower and canopy reflectance measured as the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), was higher all the Breeding Lines than those of Georgia-06G. In another set of trials, two of those same Breeding Lines had final late leaf spot ratings similar to those of Georgia-12Y in 2014, whereas in 2015, six of those Breeding Lines had final leaf spot ratings that were lower than those of Georgia-12Y. Yields were similar for Georgia-12Y and all the Breeding Lines in the Gibbs Farm trials. Across years and Breeding Lines at the Lang Farm, the relationship between visual estimates of defoliation and NDVI was described by a two sector piecewise regression with NDVI decreasing more rapidly with increasing defoliation above approximately 89%. The utility of NDVI for spot comparisons among Breeding Lines appears to be limited to situations where there are differences in defoliation. Georgia-12Y and multiple Breeding Lines evaluated show potential for use in situations such as organic production where acceptable fungicides available for seed treatment and leaf spot control are limited.
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Resistance to Tomato spotted wilt virus and Root-Knot Nematode in Peanut Interspecific Breeding Lines
Crop Science, 2003Co-Authors: C. Corley Holbrook, Patricia Timper, Albert K. CulbreathAbstract:The peanut root-knot nematode [Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal) Chitwood race 1] and Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), genus Tospovirus, are economically significant pathogens of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in the USA. Peanut cultivars are available that have resistance to either the peanut root-knot nematode (PRN) or TSWV, but no cultivars are available that have resistance to both pathogens. The objective of this research was to identify peanut Breeding Lines that have resistance to both pathogens. We crossed interspecific peanut germplasm with two cultivars that are susceptible to both PRN and TSWV. Progenies were examined in a greenhouse screening system to measure resistance to PRN. Subsequently, this material was evaluated for resistance to TSWV in field plots. Ten Breeding Lines were identified which exhibited a reduction in nematode reproduction in comparison to the nematode susceptible check ‘Georgia Green’. These Breeding Lines also exhibited a reduction in incidence of TSWV in comparison to the TSWV susceptible check ‘COAN’. When grown in a field with pressure from both pathogens, these Breeding Lines had higher yield than cultivars with resistance to only one pathogen. This is the first report of peanut germplasm with resistance to both TSWV and the peanut root-knot nematode and the first report of resistance to TSWV in interspecific peanut germplasm.
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Disease progress of tomato spotted wilt virus in selected peanut cultivars and advanced Breeding Lines
Plant Disease, 1996Co-Authors: Albert K. Culbreath, James W. Todd, Daniel W. Gorbet, W. D. Branch, R. K. Sprenkel, F. M. Shokes, J. W. DemskiAbstract:Epidemics of spotted wilt, caused by tomato spotted wilt tospovirus, were monitored in field plots of advanced Breeding Lines of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) GA T-2846, F 84X9B-1-1-1-b3-B, and F 84X1A-7-2-1-1-b2-B, and in runner-type peanut cultivars Georgia Browne, Southern Runner, and Florunner in one location in 1993 and in three locations in 1994. Across all tests, final incidence of spotted wilt and standardized areas under the disease progress curves were lower in the three Breeding Lines, Georgia Browne, and Southern Runner compared to standard runner-type cultivar Florunner. With some exceptions, numbers of tobacco thrips (Frankliniella fusca), western flower thrips (F. occidentalis), and larvae of Frankliniella spp. were similar for all peanut cultivars and Breeding Lines. There was no evidence that differences in disease progress among the six entries were due to differences in preference by thrips or to suitability for thrips reproduction. Results indicate that all three advanced Breeding Lines evaluated in this study represent potential tools for management of spotted wilt in peanut production areas of the southeastern United States.
John A. Nell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evaluation of progeny of fourth generation Sydney rock oyster Saccostrea glomerata (Gould, 1850) Breeding Lines
Aquaculture Research, 2005Co-Authors: John A. Nell, Ben PerkinsAbstract:The progeny of four 4th generation Sydney rock oyster Saccostrea glomerata (Gould, 1850) Breeding Lines that were selected for fast growth were compared in a 3-year farming experiment. Oysters of the most improved Breeding line (line 2) reached market size (≥50-g whole weight) 15 months earlier than non-selected control oysters (3 years and 5 months). The average reduction in time to market size for oysters of all four Breeding Lines was 12.5 months.
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Third generation evaluation of Sydney rock oyster Saccostrea commercialis (Iredale and Roughley) Breeding Lines
Aquaculture, 1999Co-Authors: John A. Nell, Ian R. Smith, A.k. SheridanAbstract:The progeny of four Breeding Lines of Sydney rock oysters, Saccostrea commercialis, selected for faster growth over two generations, were compared with controls in an 18-month farming experiment. Mean whole weights of oysters from all four selection Lines did not differ significantly from each other but, were significantly greater (P
A.k. Sheridan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Third generation evaluation of Sydney rock oyster Saccostrea commercialis (Iredale and Roughley) Breeding Lines
Aquaculture, 1999Co-Authors: John A. Nell, Ian R. Smith, A.k. SheridanAbstract:The progeny of four Breeding Lines of Sydney rock oysters, Saccostrea commercialis, selected for faster growth over two generations, were compared with controls in an 18-month farming experiment. Mean whole weights of oysters from all four selection Lines did not differ significantly from each other but, were significantly greater (P
J. W. Demski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Disease progress of tomato spotted wilt virus in selected peanut cultivars and advanced Breeding Lines
Plant Disease, 1996Co-Authors: Albert K. Culbreath, James W. Todd, Daniel W. Gorbet, W. D. Branch, R. K. Sprenkel, F. M. Shokes, J. W. DemskiAbstract:Epidemics of spotted wilt, caused by tomato spotted wilt tospovirus, were monitored in field plots of advanced Breeding Lines of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) GA T-2846, F 84X9B-1-1-1-b3-B, and F 84X1A-7-2-1-1-b2-B, and in runner-type peanut cultivars Georgia Browne, Southern Runner, and Florunner in one location in 1993 and in three locations in 1994. Across all tests, final incidence of spotted wilt and standardized areas under the disease progress curves were lower in the three Breeding Lines, Georgia Browne, and Southern Runner compared to standard runner-type cultivar Florunner. With some exceptions, numbers of tobacco thrips (Frankliniella fusca), western flower thrips (F. occidentalis), and larvae of Frankliniella spp. were similar for all peanut cultivars and Breeding Lines. There was no evidence that differences in disease progress among the six entries were due to differences in preference by thrips or to suitability for thrips reproduction. Results indicate that all three advanced Breeding Lines evaluated in this study represent potential tools for management of spotted wilt in peanut production areas of the southeastern United States.
W. D. Branch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Variability among advanced gamma‐irradiation induced large‐seeded mutant Breeding Lines in the ‘Georgia Browne’ peanut cultivar
Plant Breeding, 2002Co-Authors: W. D. BranchAbstract:The objective of this study was to compare the variability among advanced large-seeded 'Georgia Browne' mutant Breeding Lines induced by gamma-irradiation. Seeds of the small-seeded, high-yielding, disease-resistant peanut cultivar 'Georgia Browne' were exposed to a 200 Gy dose of gamma-radiation. Several advanced (M(6:7)-M(6:9)) 'Georgia Browne' mutant Breeding Lines were developed and evaluated at the University of Georgia, Coastal Plain Experiment Station over three consecutive years 1997-99 for disease incidence, pod yield, total sound mature kernels (TSMK) grade, pod weight, seed weight and seed size distribution. Field performance tests showed significant differences among the advanced large-seeded mutant Breeding Lines compared with 'Georgia Browne' for each of these variables. The results obtained demonstrate the beneficial use of mutation Breeding for inducing and developing variable and desirable advanced mutant Breeding Lines within peanut cultivars.
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Disease progress of tomato spotted wilt virus in selected peanut cultivars and advanced Breeding Lines
Plant Disease, 1996Co-Authors: Albert K. Culbreath, James W. Todd, Daniel W. Gorbet, W. D. Branch, R. K. Sprenkel, F. M. Shokes, J. W. DemskiAbstract:Epidemics of spotted wilt, caused by tomato spotted wilt tospovirus, were monitored in field plots of advanced Breeding Lines of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) GA T-2846, F 84X9B-1-1-1-b3-B, and F 84X1A-7-2-1-1-b2-B, and in runner-type peanut cultivars Georgia Browne, Southern Runner, and Florunner in one location in 1993 and in three locations in 1994. Across all tests, final incidence of spotted wilt and standardized areas under the disease progress curves were lower in the three Breeding Lines, Georgia Browne, and Southern Runner compared to standard runner-type cultivar Florunner. With some exceptions, numbers of tobacco thrips (Frankliniella fusca), western flower thrips (F. occidentalis), and larvae of Frankliniella spp. were similar for all peanut cultivars and Breeding Lines. There was no evidence that differences in disease progress among the six entries were due to differences in preference by thrips or to suitability for thrips reproduction. Results indicate that all three advanced Breeding Lines evaluated in this study represent potential tools for management of spotted wilt in peanut production areas of the southeastern United States.