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Gary R. Consolazio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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equivalent static analysis method for barge impact resistant Bridge Design
Journal of Bridge Engineering, 2011Co-Authors: Daniel J Getter, Gary R. Consolazio, Michael T. DavidsonAbstract:In the United States, barge impact-resistant Bridge Design typically involves static application of code-prescribed impact loads. However, the existing static analysis procedure neglects crucial dynamic effects in the impacted Bridge. Recent experimental and analytical studies have uncovered important impact-related dynamic amplification of pier member demands, primarily stemming from superstructure inertial effects. These studies have focused on the use of dynamic structural analysis as a means of accounting for dynamic amplification. Although time-domain dynamic analysis techniques are capable of accurately predicting amplified member Design forces, such techniques may not be warranted during preliminary Design iterations when detailed structural parameters have not yet been established. In this paper, a static analysis procedure is developed that emulates pier response modes that arise during dynamic barge impact events. The proposed method provides a simplified means of approximating dynamic amplification effects and is shown to produce conservative predictions (in relation to dynamic analysis) of both pier and foundation Design forces.
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vessel crushing and structural collapse relationships for Bridge Design
2010Co-Authors: Gary R. Consolazio, Michael T. Davidson, Daniel J GetterAbstract:Accounting for waterway vessel collision is an integral component of structural Design for any Bridge spanning a navigable waterway. Each time a vessel traverses a given waterway, there is an inherent risk that the vessel may become aberrant from the intended transit path, and once aberrant, may strike a nearby Bridge structural component. During collision events, massive waterway vessel groups, such as barge flotillas, are capable of dynamically transmitting horizontal forces to impacted Bridge components such as piers. Furthermore, such collision-induced forces can be sufficient to cause collapse of piers or roadway spans in the vicinity of the impact location. If collapse takes place, economic loss is suffered due to subsequent traffic rerouting and Bridge replacement costs. Additionally, fatalities may occur if the roadway is occupied during or shortly after the collapse event. The research presented in this report focuses on the development of improved probability of collapse expressions for Bridge piers subject to barge impact loading, where such relationships are integral to current Bridge Design methodologies. Expression development is facilitated by employing probabilistic descriptions for a multitude of random variables related to barge traffic characteristics and Bridge structures in conjunction with nonlinear dynamic finite element analyses of barge-Bridge collisions. High levels of efficiency, achieved through use of advanced probabilistic simulation techniques, are necessarily incorporated into the barge-Bridge collision analysis framework to allow feasible estimation of structural reliability parameters. Through joint use of efficient probabilistic simulation and vessel collision analysis techniques, the probability of collapse—and furthermore, the proximity to applicable structural limit states—is quantified for a representative set of Bridges. The structural reliability parameters are then, in turn, used to form structural collapse relationships that aid in the Design of Bridges subject to barge collision. Finally, to facilitate use of the improved probability of collapse expressions in Design applications, vessel crushing behavior is characterized for a wide range of potential Design impact scenarios, and a Design-oriented barge impact loading scheme is proposed that accounts for these scenarios.
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simplified dynamic analysis of barge collision for Bridge Design
Transportation Research Record, 2008Co-Authors: Gary R. Consolazio, Michael T. DavidsonAbstract:The AASHTO Design provisions for barge impact on Bridges spanning navigable waterways use a static force approach to determine structural demand on Bridge piers. Recently, however, full-scale experimental dynamic tests of barge impact have indicated that consideration should also be given to additional forces generated from dynamic effects. Specifically, mass-related inertial forces generated by the superstructure of a Bridge can restrain underlying pier columns and lead to dynamic amplification of column Design forces. This paper presents an algorithm for performing simplified, coupled dynamic barge impact analysis for Bridge structures. This type of analysis yields structural Design forces, with dynamic amplifications included, on the basis of characteristics of the Design impact condition (barge mass and speed). Results from the proposed simplified analysis method are validated using full-scale experimental test data and are compared with results obtained from full-resolution analyses for a variety of ...
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development of improved Bridge Design provisions for barge impact loading
2008Co-Authors: Gary R. Consolazio, Michael T. Davidson, David R Cowan, Michael Mcvay, Daniel J GetterAbstract:Current practice with regard to Designing Bridge structures to resist impact loads associated with barge collisions relies upon the use of the AASHTO Bridge Design specifications. The AASHTO barge impact Design provisions, which employ a static analysis approach, were developed from pendulum impact testing of reduced scale barge models. However, research sponsored by the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT), both experimental and analytical in nature, has revealed that both the barge force-deformation relationships employed by AASHTO as well as the use of static analysis should be re-examined. Specifically, FDOT sponsored research has revealed that 1) the geometry of the impacted portion of a Bridge pier can affect the magnitude of impact forces that are generated, and 2) substantial dynamic amplifications of pier Design forces may arise under certain combinations of Bridge configuration, soil condition, and barge impact condition. In the research reported on herein, high-resolution finite element models of jumbo hopper and tanker barges have been developed and analyzed to produce updated barge force-deformation relationships for use in Bridge Design. Additionally, new dynamic barge-impact analysis procedures--coupled vessel impact analysis (CVIA) and impact response spectrum analysis (IRSA)--have been developed. These procedures account for dynamic amplifications and may be used to quantify internal pier Design forces under barge impact loading conditions.
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nonlinear analysis of barge crush behavior and its relationship to impact resistant Bridge Design
Computers & Structures, 2003Co-Authors: Gary R. Consolazio, David R CowanAbstract:Abstract Bridge structures crossing navigable waterways must not only be Designed to resist gravity, wind, and earthquake loads, but must also be capable of resisting ship and barge collision loads. Design specifications used both in the US and internationally employ empirical models of vessel crush behavior to produce codified procedures for computing equivalent static Design loads due to vessel impact. In this paper, the ADINA finite element code is used to compute force-deformation relationships for several hopper barge crushing scenarios. Results obtained from the nonlinear finite element crush analyses are then compared to empirical crush models found in Bridge Design specifications.
D V Griffiths - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reliability based geotechnical Design in 2014 canadian highway Bridge Design code
Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Gordon A Fenton, Farzaneh Naghibi, David Dundas, Richard J Bathurst, D V GriffithsAbstract:Canada has two national civil codes of practice that include geotechnical Design provisions: the National Building Code of Canada and the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code. For structural Designs, both of these codes have been employing a load and resistance factor format embedded within a limit states Design framework since the mid-1970s. Unfortunately, limit states Design in geotechnical engineering has been lagging well behind that in structural engineering for the simple fact that the ground is by far the most variable (and hence uncertain) of engineering materials. Although the first implementation of a geotechnical limit states Design code appeared in Denmark in 1956, it was not until 1979 that the concept began to appear in Canadian Design codes, i.e., in the Ontario Highway Bridge Design Code, which later became the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code (CHBDC). The geotechnical Design provisions in the CHBDC have evolved significantly since their inception in 1979. This paper describes the latest...
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reliability based geotechnical Design in 2014 canadian highway Bridge Design code
Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Gordon A Fenton, Farzaneh Naghibi, David Dundas, Richard J Bathurst, D V GriffithsAbstract:Canada has two national civil codes of practice that include geotechnical Design provisions: the National Building Code of Canada and the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code. For structural Designs...
Gordon A Fenton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reliability based geotechnical Design in 2014 canadian highway Bridge Design code
Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Gordon A Fenton, Farzaneh Naghibi, David Dundas, Richard J Bathurst, D V GriffithsAbstract:Canada has two national civil codes of practice that include geotechnical Design provisions: the National Building Code of Canada and the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code. For structural Designs, both of these codes have been employing a load and resistance factor format embedded within a limit states Design framework since the mid-1970s. Unfortunately, limit states Design in geotechnical engineering has been lagging well behind that in structural engineering for the simple fact that the ground is by far the most variable (and hence uncertain) of engineering materials. Although the first implementation of a geotechnical limit states Design code appeared in Denmark in 1956, it was not until 1979 that the concept began to appear in Canadian Design codes, i.e., in the Ontario Highway Bridge Design Code, which later became the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code (CHBDC). The geotechnical Design provisions in the CHBDC have evolved significantly since their inception in 1979. This paper describes the latest...
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reliability based geotechnical Design in 2014 canadian highway Bridge Design code
Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Gordon A Fenton, Farzaneh Naghibi, David Dundas, Richard J Bathurst, D V GriffithsAbstract:Canada has two national civil codes of practice that include geotechnical Design provisions: the National Building Code of Canada and the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code. For structural Designs...
Michael T. Davidson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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equivalent static analysis method for barge impact resistant Bridge Design
Journal of Bridge Engineering, 2011Co-Authors: Daniel J Getter, Gary R. Consolazio, Michael T. DavidsonAbstract:In the United States, barge impact-resistant Bridge Design typically involves static application of code-prescribed impact loads. However, the existing static analysis procedure neglects crucial dynamic effects in the impacted Bridge. Recent experimental and analytical studies have uncovered important impact-related dynamic amplification of pier member demands, primarily stemming from superstructure inertial effects. These studies have focused on the use of dynamic structural analysis as a means of accounting for dynamic amplification. Although time-domain dynamic analysis techniques are capable of accurately predicting amplified member Design forces, such techniques may not be warranted during preliminary Design iterations when detailed structural parameters have not yet been established. In this paper, a static analysis procedure is developed that emulates pier response modes that arise during dynamic barge impact events. The proposed method provides a simplified means of approximating dynamic amplification effects and is shown to produce conservative predictions (in relation to dynamic analysis) of both pier and foundation Design forces.
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vessel crushing and structural collapse relationships for Bridge Design
2010Co-Authors: Gary R. Consolazio, Michael T. Davidson, Daniel J GetterAbstract:Accounting for waterway vessel collision is an integral component of structural Design for any Bridge spanning a navigable waterway. Each time a vessel traverses a given waterway, there is an inherent risk that the vessel may become aberrant from the intended transit path, and once aberrant, may strike a nearby Bridge structural component. During collision events, massive waterway vessel groups, such as barge flotillas, are capable of dynamically transmitting horizontal forces to impacted Bridge components such as piers. Furthermore, such collision-induced forces can be sufficient to cause collapse of piers or roadway spans in the vicinity of the impact location. If collapse takes place, economic loss is suffered due to subsequent traffic rerouting and Bridge replacement costs. Additionally, fatalities may occur if the roadway is occupied during or shortly after the collapse event. The research presented in this report focuses on the development of improved probability of collapse expressions for Bridge piers subject to barge impact loading, where such relationships are integral to current Bridge Design methodologies. Expression development is facilitated by employing probabilistic descriptions for a multitude of random variables related to barge traffic characteristics and Bridge structures in conjunction with nonlinear dynamic finite element analyses of barge-Bridge collisions. High levels of efficiency, achieved through use of advanced probabilistic simulation techniques, are necessarily incorporated into the barge-Bridge collision analysis framework to allow feasible estimation of structural reliability parameters. Through joint use of efficient probabilistic simulation and vessel collision analysis techniques, the probability of collapse—and furthermore, the proximity to applicable structural limit states—is quantified for a representative set of Bridges. The structural reliability parameters are then, in turn, used to form structural collapse relationships that aid in the Design of Bridges subject to barge collision. Finally, to facilitate use of the improved probability of collapse expressions in Design applications, vessel crushing behavior is characterized for a wide range of potential Design impact scenarios, and a Design-oriented barge impact loading scheme is proposed that accounts for these scenarios.
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simplified dynamic analysis of barge collision for Bridge Design
Transportation Research Record, 2008Co-Authors: Gary R. Consolazio, Michael T. DavidsonAbstract:The AASHTO Design provisions for barge impact on Bridges spanning navigable waterways use a static force approach to determine structural demand on Bridge piers. Recently, however, full-scale experimental dynamic tests of barge impact have indicated that consideration should also be given to additional forces generated from dynamic effects. Specifically, mass-related inertial forces generated by the superstructure of a Bridge can restrain underlying pier columns and lead to dynamic amplification of column Design forces. This paper presents an algorithm for performing simplified, coupled dynamic barge impact analysis for Bridge structures. This type of analysis yields structural Design forces, with dynamic amplifications included, on the basis of characteristics of the Design impact condition (barge mass and speed). Results from the proposed simplified analysis method are validated using full-scale experimental test data and are compared with results obtained from full-resolution analyses for a variety of ...
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development of improved Bridge Design provisions for barge impact loading
2008Co-Authors: Gary R. Consolazio, Michael T. Davidson, David R Cowan, Michael Mcvay, Daniel J GetterAbstract:Current practice with regard to Designing Bridge structures to resist impact loads associated with barge collisions relies upon the use of the AASHTO Bridge Design specifications. The AASHTO barge impact Design provisions, which employ a static analysis approach, were developed from pendulum impact testing of reduced scale barge models. However, research sponsored by the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT), both experimental and analytical in nature, has revealed that both the barge force-deformation relationships employed by AASHTO as well as the use of static analysis should be re-examined. Specifically, FDOT sponsored research has revealed that 1) the geometry of the impacted portion of a Bridge pier can affect the magnitude of impact forces that are generated, and 2) substantial dynamic amplifications of pier Design forces may arise under certain combinations of Bridge configuration, soil condition, and barge impact condition. In the research reported on herein, high-resolution finite element models of jumbo hopper and tanker barges have been developed and analyzed to produce updated barge force-deformation relationships for use in Bridge Design. Additionally, new dynamic barge-impact analysis procedures--coupled vessel impact analysis (CVIA) and impact response spectrum analysis (IRSA)--have been developed. These procedures account for dynamic amplifications and may be used to quantify internal pier Design forces under barge impact loading conditions.
Thomas Spoth - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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advancements of new narrows suspension Bridge Design in tacoma washington
Transportation Research Record, 2008Co-Authors: Kenneth Serzan, Thomas SpothAbstract:The suspended superstructure of the new Tacoma Narrows Suspension Bridge in Washington State consists of twin welded steel trusses with a continuous and integral orthotropic steel deck measuring over 1 mi in length. AASHTO M270 Grade 50 HPS 50W and HPS 70W steels are the materials of choice. The truss elements are fabricated of both closed-box and open I-sections. The Bridge, including major components of the stiffening truss, was Designed to allow for a future lower roadway or light-rail transit system. This paper discusses the Design aspects of this 5,400-ft suspended superstructure, including the development of Design details to satisfy performance requirements for serviceability, fatigue, wind, and seismic loading. Global superstructure and local component computer modeling techniques are presented as they relate to force, fatigue, and displacement demands and overall structural performance for the 150-year Design service life. Fabrication and lessons learned are also discussed.
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the new tacoma narrows suspension Bridge Design of the suspended superstructure
Metropolis and BeyondStructural Engineering Institute, 2005Co-Authors: Thomas Spoth, Kenneth Serzan, Seth CondellAbstract:The suspended superstructure for the new Tacoma Narrows Suspension Bridge consists of a continuous welded steel truss with an integral orthotropic steel deck. The truss elements are fabricated of both closed box and open I-sections. The Bridge, including particulars of the stiffening truss, is Designed to accommodate a future lower roadway or LRT without the need for component strengthening. This paper will discuss the Design aspects of this 1,646m (5,400 ft) continuous steel truss superstructure with integral orthotropic deck, including the development of Design details to satisfy serviceability, fatigue, wind and seismic performance. Global superstructure and local component computer modeling techniques are presented as they relate to force and displacement demands and overall structure performance for the required 150-year service life. Performance requirements for high seismic hazard and computer analysis techniques using ADINA computer modeling software is discussed. Wind performance and physical wind tunnel testing utilizing full-Bridge aeroelastic models for the Bridge in its completed configuration is also discussed.