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Hasibuan, Muhammad Syawal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Kinerja Reproduksi Sapi Brahman Cross di Kabupaten Batubara
'Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Payakumbuh', 2020Co-Authors: Solehudin Solehudin, Hasibuan, Muhammad SyawalAbstract:Kabupaten Batubara merupakan salah satu daerah di Sumatera Utara yang mendapat sasaran program pengembangan bibit sapi unggul yaitu Brahman cross. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja reproduksi sapi Brahman cross di Kabupaten Batubara. Metode yang digunakan adalah survey dengan pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Materi penelitian adalah 100 ekor sapi induk Brahman cross yang diambil masing-masing 25 ekor dari 4 kelompok tani di 3 kecamatan yaitu Kelompok Sentosa (Kecamatan Sei Balai), Kelompok Anugerah (Kecamatan Sei Suka), Kelompok Karya Mandiri dan Tunas Muda (Kecamatan Limapuluh). Parameter yang diukur adalah umur pertama kawin, service per conception (s/c), post partum mating (ppm) dan Calving Interval (ci). Data dialisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rataan umur pertama kawin adalah 36 bulan, nilai s/c adalah 3,15, post partum mating adalah 9 bulan dan lama Calving Interval adalah 18 bulan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kinerja reproduksi sapi Brahman cross di Kabupaten Batubara masih jelek. Penyebabnya adalah manajemen pemberian pakan yang buruk dan sistem perkawinan yang belum tepat. Walaupun demikian, kelompok Anugerah dapat dijadikan model pengembangan bibit sapi Brahman cross di Kabupaten Batubara karena sudah mengembangkan manajemen pemeliharaan dengan baik
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Kinerja Reproduksi Sapi Brahman Cross di Kabupaten Batubara: Reproductive Performances of Brahman Cross Cattle in Batubara Regency
'Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Payakumbuh', 2020Co-Authors: Solehudin Solehudin, Hasibuan, Muhammad SyawalAbstract:Kabupaten Batubara merupakan salah satu daerah di Sumatera Utara yang mendapat sasaran program pengembangan bibit sapi unggul yaitu Brahman cross. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja reproduksi sapi Brahman cross di Kabupaten Batubara. Metode yang digunakan adalah survey dengan pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Materi penelitian adalah 100 ekor sapi induk Brahman cross yang diambil masing-masing 25 ekor dari 4 kelompok tani di 3 kecamatan yaitu Kelompok Sentosa (Kecamatan Sei Balai), Kelompok Anugerah (Kecamatan Sei Suka), Kelompok Karya Mandiri dan Tunas Muda (Kecamatan Limapuluh). Parameter yang diukur adalah umur pertama kawin, service per conception (s/c), post partum mating (ppm) dan Calving Interval (ci). Data dialisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rataan umur pertama kawin adalah 36 bulan, nilai s/c adalah 3,15, post partum mating adalah 9 bulan dan lama Calving Interval adalah 18 bulan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kinerja reproduksi sapi Brahman cross di Kabupaten Batubara masih jelek. Penyebabnya adalah manajemen pemberian pakan yang buruk dan sistem perkawinan yang belum tepat. Walaupun demikian, kelompok Anugerah dapat dijadikan model pengembangan bibit sapi Brahman cross di Kabupaten Batubara karena sudah mengembangkan manajemen pemeliharaan dengan baik
S Brotherstone - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the relationship between fertility rump angle and selected type information in holstein friesian cows
Journal of Dairy Science, 2005Co-Authors: E Wall, M P Coffey, S Brotherstone, I M S WhiteAbstract:Some dairy cattle breeders believe that dairy cows with high pin bones will have poorer fertility. The aim of this study was to examine this claim by investigating the relationships, both genetic and phenotypic, between fertility, rump angle, and other selected type traits in first-lactation Holstein-Friesians. Results showed an unfavorable genetic correlation (-0.16) between Calving Interval and rump angle, suggesting that animals with high pin bones would have a longer Calving Interval. However, no significant genetic or phenotypic correlation between days to first service and nonreturn rate and rump angle was observed. No evidence of a relationship, linear or quadratic, between any fertility trait and rump angle was found. Udder support and mammary system were unfavorably correlated to Calving Interval (0.25 and 0.14, respectively), suggesting that cows with more functional udders would have a longer Calving Interval. Legs and feet score was favorably correlated to nonreturn rate, suggesting that animals with good legs and feet would be less likely to return to service.
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genetic relationships between Calving Interval and body condition score conditional on milk yield
Journal of Dairy Science, 2002Co-Authors: J E Pryce, M P Coffey, S Brotherstone, John WoolliamsAbstract:Body condition score (BCS) is a useful tool in assessing the energy status of dairy cattle. Previous research has shown that it is heritable and genetically correlated to reproductive performance. Currently, interest exists in developing selection indexes for fertility that include BCS information. Before such indexes are developed, it is important to assess the genetic covariance between BCS and fertility after fully accounting for the covariance of both traits with milk yield, as indices to predict selection responses require knowledge of these (co)variances. In the present study, Calving Interval (CI) was used as a measure of reproductive performance. The genetic correlations between BCS and CI before and after genetically adjusting for milk yield were -0.48 and -0.22, respectively. Thus, cows with low BCS have longer CI, which is exacerbated by high levels of milk production. Using selection index theory, we showed that selecting for milk yield alone will result in an increase of 768 kg of milk, an increase of 4.46 d in CI and a reduction of 0.41 BCS units for every standard deviation change in the index. Restricting BCS to no genetic change, whereas still selecting for milk yield will result in an increase of 653.1 kg of milk per standard deviation of the selection index. However, CI will still continue to increase at a rate of 3.20 d per standard deviation of the selection index. The selection indices used here are not optimum, in that they are not economically driven and do not consider all traits that contribute to profitability. However, they demonstrate that, even though restricting BCS may be seen as an attractive way of limiting reliance of body tissue mobilization to fuel milk production, this is unlikely to result in improvements in CI, although the rate of increase in CI will be reduced.
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the genetic relationship between Calving Interval body condition score and linear type and management traits in registered holsteins
Journal of Dairy Science, 2000Co-Authors: J E Pryce, M P Coffey, S BrotherstoneAbstract:The trend to poorer fertility in dairy cattle with rising genetic merit for production over the last decade suggests that breeding goals need to be broadened to include fertility. This requires reliable estimates of genetic (co)variances for fertility and other traits of economic importance. In the United Kingdom at present, reliable information on Calving dates and hence Calving Intervals are available for most dairy cows. Data in this study consisted of 44,672 records from first lactation heifers on condition score, linear type score, and management traits in addition to 19,042 Calving Interval records. Animal model REML was used to estimate (co)variance components. Genetic correlations of body condition score (BCS) and angularity with Calving Interval were -0.40 and 0.47, respectively, thus cows that are thinner and more angular have longer Calving Intervals. Genetic correlations between Calving Interval and milk, fat, and protein yields were between 0.56 and 0.61. Records of phenotypic Calving Interval were regressed on sire breeding values for BCS estimated from records taken at different months of lactation and breeding values for BCS change. Genetic correlations inferred from these regressions showed that BCS recorded 1 mo after Calving had the largest genetic correlation with Calving Interval in first lactation cows. It may be possible to combine information on Calving Interval, BCS, and angularity into an index to predict genetic merit for fertility.
Giovanni Bittante - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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heritabilities and genetic correlations of body condition score and Calving Interval with yield somatic cell score and linear type traits in brown swiss cattle
Journal of Dairy Science, 2007Co-Authors: Dal R Zotto, M De Marchi, C Dalvit, Martino Cassandro, Luigi Gallo, Paolo Carnier, Giovanni BittanteAbstract:Abstract This study aimed to estimate genetic parameters for body condition score (BCS), Calving Interval (CI), somatic cell score (SCS), yield, and linear type traits for the Italian Brown Swiss cattle population. A total of 32,359 records of first-parity lactating cows were collected from 2002 to 2004 in 4,885 dairy herds. The pedigree file included 96,661 animals. Multiple-trait animal models were analyzed using REML to estimate (co)variance components without repeated observations on traits. The estimated heritability was 0.15 for BCS, 0.05 for CI, and 0.06 for SCS, and ranged from 0.09 to 0.14 for test-day yield traits and from 0.07 to 0.32 for linear type traits. The genetic correlations of CI with yield and most linear type traits were positive, whereas the correlation between CI and BCS was negative (−0.35). For type traits, BCS showed, in general, a moderately negative genetic correlation except for strength, pastern, and heel height. The genetic correlation of CI or BCS with SCS was moderately low but favorable (0.19 and −0.26, respectively). The estimated correlations indicated that selection for greater yield and type traits can exert unfavorable effects on the reproductive ability of cows. To counterbalance these effects and to carry out early prediction of breeding values of bulls for fertility, inclusion of BCS in the breeding program is advisable.
J E Pryce - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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including nonadditive genetic effects in mating programs to maximize dairy farm profitability
Journal of Dairy Science, 2017Co-Authors: Benjamin G. Cocks, H Aliloo, J E Pryce, Oscar Gonzalezrecio, M E Goddard, Ben J. HayesAbstract:We compared the outcome of mating programs based on different evaluation models that included nonadditive genetic effects (dominance and heterozygosity) in addition to additive effects. The additive and dominance marker effects and the values of regression on average heterozygosity were estimated using 632,003 single nucleotide polymorphisms from 7,902 and 7,510 Holstein cows with Calving Interval and production (milk, fat, and protein yields) records, respectively. Expected progeny values were computed based on the estimated genetic effects and genotype probabilities of hypothetical progeny from matings between the available genotyped cows and the top 50 young genomic bulls. An index combining the traits based on their economic values was developed and used to evaluate the performance of different mating scenarios in terms of dollar profit. We observed that mating programs with nonadditive genetic effects performed better than a model with only additive effects. Mating programs with dominance and heterozygosity effects increased milk, fat, and protein yields by up to 38, 1.57, and 1.21 kg, respectively. The inclusion of dominance and heterozygosity effects decreased Calving Interval by up to 0.70 d compared with random mating. The average reduction in progeny inbreeding by the inclusion of nonadditive genetic effects in matings compared with random mating was between 0.25 to 1.57 and 0.64 to 1.57 percentage points for Calving Interval and production traits, respectively. The reduction in inbreeding was accompanied by an average of A$8.42 (Australian dollars) more profit per mating for a model with additive, dominance, and heterozygosity effects compared with random mating. Mate allocations that benefit from nonadditive genetic effects can improve progeny performance only in the generation where it is being implemented, and the gain from specific combining abilities cannot be accumulated over generations. Continuous updating of genomic predictions and mate allocation programs are required to benefit from nonadditive genetic effects in the long term.
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the genetic relationship between commencement of luteal activity and Calving Interval body condition score production and linear type traits in holstein friesian dairy cattle
Journal of Dairy Science, 2002Co-Authors: M D Royal, J E Pryce, John Woolliams, A P F FlintAbstract:Abstract The decline of fertility in the UK dairy herd and the unfavorable genetic correlation (r a ) between fertility and milk yield has necessitated the broadening of breeding goals to include fertility. The coefficient of genetic variation present in fertility is of similar magnitude to that present in production traits; however, traditional measurements of fertility (such as Calving Interval, days open, nonreturn rate) have low heritability (h 2 2 (0.16 to 0.23) and is free from management bias. Although CLA has favorable phenotypic correlations with traditional measures of fertility, if it is to be used in a selection index, the genetic correlation (r a ) of this trait with fertility and other components of the index must be estimated. The aim of the analyses reported here was to obtain information on the r a between lnCLA and Calving Interval (CI), average body condition score (BCS; one to nine, an indicator of energy balance estimated from records taken at different months of lactation), production and a number of linear type traits. Genetic models were fitted using ASREML, and r a were inferred from genetic regression of lnCLA on sire-predicted transmitting abilities (PTA) for the trait concerned by multiplying the regression coefficient ( b ) by the ratio of the genetic standard deviations. The inferred r a between lnCLA and CI and average BCS were 0.36 and −0.84, respectively. Genetic correlations between lnCLA and milk fat and protein yields were all positive and ranged between 0.33 and 0.69. Genetic correlations between lnCLA and linear type traits reflecting body structure ranged from −0.25 to 0.15, and between udder characteristics they ranged from −0.16 to 0.05. Thus, incorporation of endocrine parameters of fertility, such as CLA, into a fertility index may offer the potential to improve the accuracy of breeding value prediction for fertility, thus allowing producers to make more informed selection decisions.
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genetic relationships between Calving Interval and body condition score conditional on milk yield
Journal of Dairy Science, 2002Co-Authors: J E Pryce, M P Coffey, S Brotherstone, John WoolliamsAbstract:Body condition score (BCS) is a useful tool in assessing the energy status of dairy cattle. Previous research has shown that it is heritable and genetically correlated to reproductive performance. Currently, interest exists in developing selection indexes for fertility that include BCS information. Before such indexes are developed, it is important to assess the genetic covariance between BCS and fertility after fully accounting for the covariance of both traits with milk yield, as indices to predict selection responses require knowledge of these (co)variances. In the present study, Calving Interval (CI) was used as a measure of reproductive performance. The genetic correlations between BCS and CI before and after genetically adjusting for milk yield were -0.48 and -0.22, respectively. Thus, cows with low BCS have longer CI, which is exacerbated by high levels of milk production. Using selection index theory, we showed that selecting for milk yield alone will result in an increase of 768 kg of milk, an increase of 4.46 d in CI and a reduction of 0.41 BCS units for every standard deviation change in the index. Restricting BCS to no genetic change, whereas still selecting for milk yield will result in an increase of 653.1 kg of milk per standard deviation of the selection index. However, CI will still continue to increase at a rate of 3.20 d per standard deviation of the selection index. The selection indices used here are not optimum, in that they are not economically driven and do not consider all traits that contribute to profitability. However, they demonstrate that, even though restricting BCS may be seen as an attractive way of limiting reliance of body tissue mobilization to fuel milk production, this is unlikely to result in improvements in CI, although the rate of increase in CI will be reduced.
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the genetic relationship between Calving Interval body condition score and linear type and management traits in registered holsteins
Journal of Dairy Science, 2000Co-Authors: J E Pryce, M P Coffey, S BrotherstoneAbstract:The trend to poorer fertility in dairy cattle with rising genetic merit for production over the last decade suggests that breeding goals need to be broadened to include fertility. This requires reliable estimates of genetic (co)variances for fertility and other traits of economic importance. In the United Kingdom at present, reliable information on Calving dates and hence Calving Intervals are available for most dairy cows. Data in this study consisted of 44,672 records from first lactation heifers on condition score, linear type score, and management traits in addition to 19,042 Calving Interval records. Animal model REML was used to estimate (co)variance components. Genetic correlations of body condition score (BCS) and angularity with Calving Interval were -0.40 and 0.47, respectively, thus cows that are thinner and more angular have longer Calving Intervals. Genetic correlations between Calving Interval and milk, fat, and protein yields were between 0.56 and 0.61. Records of phenotypic Calving Interval were regressed on sire breeding values for BCS estimated from records taken at different months of lactation and breeding values for BCS change. Genetic correlations inferred from these regressions showed that BCS recorded 1 mo after Calving had the largest genetic correlation with Calving Interval in first lactation cows. It may be possible to combine information on Calving Interval, BCS, and angularity into an index to predict genetic merit for fertility.
R.d. Shanks - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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association of deficiency of uridine monophosphate synthase with production and reproduction
Journal of Dairy Science, 1994Co-Authors: M T Kuhn, R.d. ShanksAbstract:Interaction between genotype at locus for uridine monophosphate synthase and parity was reexamined for 305-d mature equivalent milk and fat production and Calving Interval. Three lactations for cows of known genotype defined two data files corresponding to different sampling procedures. The first data file selected by herd contained records on 23 cows that were deficient in activity of uridine monophosphate synthase and on 1081 cows with normal activity; the second data file contained records on 19 cows with deficient activity and on 17 cows with normal activity, all daughters of bulls known to be heterozygous at the locus for uridine monophosphate synthase. Results from the mutually exclusive data files were determined independently and then pooled. Genotype and parity interaction, tested against mean square error, was not supported for any of the three traits. Mean differences of the two genotypes, averaged across data files, were, for first, second, and third parities, respectively, 360, 568, and 299 kg for milk; 6, 9, and 8 kg for fat; and 22, 9, and 12 d for Calving Interval. Main effect of genotype indicated a 417-kg advantage for heterozygotes but 17-d longer Calving Interval. The main effect of genotype on milk production adjusted for Calving Interval was 343 kg but was nonsignificant.
