Cambaridae

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Keith A. Crandall - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Global Diversity and Conservation of Freshwater Crayfish (Crustacea: Decapoda: Astacoidea)
    A Global Overview of the Conservation of Freshwater Decapod Crustaceans, 2016
    Co-Authors: Tadashi Kawai, Keith A. Crandall
    Abstract:

    The number of species in the three families of freshwater crayfish worldwide (Astacidae, Cambaridae, and Parastacidae) are updated by region. These are: Astacidae, western North America (5 species) and Europe (5 species), Cambaridae, eastern North America and Mexico (423 species) and Asia (6 species), and Parastacidae, Oceania (153 species), South America (12 species), and Madagascar (7 species). The conservation status of 611 species of crayfish worldwide is discussed, based on global assessments from the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Red List protocols as well as regional assessments on governmental endangered species lists. The current threats to endangered species of crayfish include habitat destruction, water diversion, pollution, and threats from exotic species of crayfish (such as Pacifastacus leniusculus, Procambarus clarkii and Cherax) that have been introduced to other parts of the world where they are having an increasing impact. New threats posed by the parthenogenetic marbled crayfish Procambarus fallax f. virginalis to freshwater ecosystems in Europe and Madagascar are also discussed.

  • Molecular phylogenetics of the burrowing crayfish genus Fallicambarus (Decapoda: Cambaridae)
    Zoologica Scripta, 2013
    Co-Authors: Benjamin J. Ainscough, Henry W. Robison, Jesse W. Breinholt, Keith A. Crandall
    Abstract:

    Ainscough, B.J., Breinholt, J.W., Robison, H.W. & Crandall, K.A. (2013). Molecular phylogenetics of the burrowing crayfish genus Fallicambarus (Decapoda: Cambaridae). —Zoologica Scripta, 42, 306–316. The crayfish genus Fallicambarus contains 19 species of primary burrowing freshwater crayfish divided into two distinct subgenera. We test current hypotheses of the phylogenetic relationships among species within the genus as well as the monophyly of the genus. Our study samples all 19 species for five gene regions (both nuclear and mitochondrial) to estimate a robust phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus. We show that the genus is not a monophyletic group. The subgenus Creaserinus does fall out as a monophyletic group, but distinct from the subgenus Fallicambarus. The subgenus Fallicambarus appears to be monophyletic with the exception of the species Procambarus (Tenuicambarus) tenuis, which falls in the midst of this subgenus suggesting that it might be better classified as a Fallicambarus species. We also show that the species Fallicambarus fodiens is a species complex with distinct evolutionary lineages that are regionalized to different geographic areas.

  • Global diversity of crayfish (Astacidae, Cambaridae, and Parastacidae--Decapoda) in freshwater
    Hydrobiologia, 2007
    Co-Authors: Keith A. Crandall, Jennifer E. Buhay
    Abstract:

    The freshwater crayfishes are distributed across all but the Indian and Antarctic continents with centers of diversity in the southeastern Appalachian Mountains in the Northern Hemisphere and in south-east Australia in the Southern Hemisphere. There are currently over 640 described species of freshwater crayfishes with an average of 5–10 species still being described each year. Freshwater crayfishes can serve as keystone species in aquatic habitats, but a few species are also significantly invasive and can cause impressive damage to the fragile freshwater habitat. Crayfishes inhabit caves, burrows, streams, lakes and strong burrowers can even be found in terrestrial habitats where they have burrowed to the water table or where rainfall is sufficiently abundant to provide the needed moisture. The freshwater crayfishes, like the habitats in which they are encountered, are generally endangered to some degree and conservation efforts would do well to focus on them as key elements of the freshwater ecosystem.

  • Molecular taxonomy in the dark: evolutionary history, phylogeography, and diversity of cave crayfish in the subgenus Aviticambarus, genus Cambarus.
    Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 2006
    Co-Authors: Jennifer E. Buhay, Gerald Moni, Nathaniel Mann, Keith A. Crandall
    Abstract:

    Freshwater crayfish species in the subgenus Aviticambarus (Cambaridae: Cambarus) are restricted to caves along the Cumberland Plateau, the Sequatchie Valley, and the Highland Rim which extend along the Tennessee River in southcentral Tennessee and northern Alabama. Historically, three stygobitic species, Cambarus jonesi, Cambarus hamulatus, and Cambarus veitchorum, comprise this subgenus. We examine species' boundaries and phylogeographic structure of this imperiled Southern Appalachian assemblage to shed light on patterns of cave colonization. We also provide estimates of genetic diversity for conservation status assessment. Using geologic evidence, phylogeographic analyses, and sequence data from five gene regions (two nuclear: Histone H3 and GAPDH and three mitochondrial: 12S, 16S, and CO1 totaling almost 2700 base pairs), we identify two well-supported cryptic species in addition to the three currently recognized taxa. Four of these taxa exhibit low levels of genetic variation both currently and historically, which may indicate local extirpation events associated with geological and river basin changes. Our results also support other recent findings that pre-Pleistocene paleodrainages may best explain the current patterns of aquatic faunal biodiversity in the Southern Appalachians.

  • The Molecular Evolution of Visual Pigments of Freshwater Crayfishes (Decapoda: Cambaridae)
    Journal of molecular evolution, 1997
    Co-Authors: Keith A. Crandall, Thomas W. Cronin
    Abstract:

    This study examines the diverse maximum wavelength absorption (λmax) found in crayfishes (Decapoda: Cambaridae and Parastacidae) and the associated genetic variation in their opsin locus. We measured the wavelength absorption in the photoreceptors of six species that inhabit environments of different light intensities (i.e., burrows, streams, standing waters, and subterranean waters). Our results indicate that there is relatively little variation in λmax (522–530 nm) among species from different genera and families. The existing variation did not correlate with the habitat differences of the crayfishes studied. We simultaneously sequenced the rhodopsin gene to identify the amino acid replacements that affect shifts in maximum wavelength absorption. We then related these to changes that correlated with shifts in λmax by reconstructing ancestral character states using a maximum-likelihood approach. Using amino acid sequences obtained from five species (all were 301 amino acids in length), we identified a number of candidates for producing shifts of 4 to 8 nm in λmax. These amino acid replacements occurred in similar regions to those involved in spectral shifts in vertebrates.

Thoma, Roger F. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Jennifer E. Buhay - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Global diversity of crayfish (Astacidae, Cambaridae, and Parastacidae--Decapoda) in freshwater
    Hydrobiologia, 2007
    Co-Authors: Keith A. Crandall, Jennifer E. Buhay
    Abstract:

    The freshwater crayfishes are distributed across all but the Indian and Antarctic continents with centers of diversity in the southeastern Appalachian Mountains in the Northern Hemisphere and in south-east Australia in the Southern Hemisphere. There are currently over 640 described species of freshwater crayfishes with an average of 5–10 species still being described each year. Freshwater crayfishes can serve as keystone species in aquatic habitats, but a few species are also significantly invasive and can cause impressive damage to the fragile freshwater habitat. Crayfishes inhabit caves, burrows, streams, lakes and strong burrowers can even be found in terrestrial habitats where they have burrowed to the water table or where rainfall is sufficiently abundant to provide the needed moisture. The freshwater crayfishes, like the habitats in which they are encountered, are generally endangered to some degree and conservation efforts would do well to focus on them as key elements of the freshwater ecosystem.

  • Molecular taxonomy in the dark: evolutionary history, phylogeography, and diversity of cave crayfish in the subgenus Aviticambarus, genus Cambarus.
    Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 2006
    Co-Authors: Jennifer E. Buhay, Gerald Moni, Nathaniel Mann, Keith A. Crandall
    Abstract:

    Freshwater crayfish species in the subgenus Aviticambarus (Cambaridae: Cambarus) are restricted to caves along the Cumberland Plateau, the Sequatchie Valley, and the Highland Rim which extend along the Tennessee River in southcentral Tennessee and northern Alabama. Historically, three stygobitic species, Cambarus jonesi, Cambarus hamulatus, and Cambarus veitchorum, comprise this subgenus. We examine species' boundaries and phylogeographic structure of this imperiled Southern Appalachian assemblage to shed light on patterns of cave colonization. We also provide estimates of genetic diversity for conservation status assessment. Using geologic evidence, phylogeographic analyses, and sequence data from five gene regions (two nuclear: Histone H3 and GAPDH and three mitochondrial: 12S, 16S, and CO1 totaling almost 2700 base pairs), we identify two well-supported cryptic species in addition to the three currently recognized taxa. Four of these taxa exhibit low levels of genetic variation both currently and historically, which may indicate local extirpation events associated with geological and river basin changes. Our results also support other recent findings that pre-Pleistocene paleodrainages may best explain the current patterns of aquatic faunal biodiversity in the Southern Appalachians.

Loughman, Zachary J. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Pavel Kozak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • fine structure of the spermatozoon in three species of Cambaridae arthropoda crustacea decapoda cambarus robustus orconectes propinquus and orconectes rusticus a comparative biometrical study
    PeerJ, 2016
    Co-Authors: B Yazicioglu, Přemek Hamr, Pavel Kozak, Antonin Kouba, Hamid Niksirat
    Abstract:

    : The ultrastructure of spermatozoa in three species of cambarid crayfish, Cambarus robustus, Orconectes propinquus, and Orconectes rusticus, were studied and compared with eight previously studied species from different crayfish families using morphological features and biometrical data. The ultrastructure of spermatozoa show a generally conserved pattern including an acrosome and nucleus in the anterior and posterior parts of the cell, respectively, radial arms that wrap around the nucleus, and the whole cell is enclosed by an extracellular capsule. The most outstanding morphological feature in spermatozoa of three studied cambarid crayfish is the crest-like protrusions in the anterior part of the acrosome that can be used as one of the features for distinguishing the members of this family. Results of biometrical data reveal that acrosome size in the representatives of Parastacidae are the smallest, while representatives of Astacidae show the biggest acrosome. The acrosome size in species belonging to Cambaridae occupy an intermediate position between the two other families of freshwater crayfish. In conclusion, a combination of morphological features and biometrical data of spermatozoa can help distinguishing different species of the freshwater crayfish.

  • Cross-species amplification of microsatellite markers in the invasive spiny-cheek crayfish [Orconectes limosus]: assessment and application
    Journal of applied genetics, 2010
    Co-Authors: Martin Hulak, Lenka Filipová, Pavel Kozak, V. Kašpar, M. Buřià, Adam Petrusek
    Abstract:

    The North American spiny-cheek crayfish,Orconectes limosus (Cambaridae), endangered in its native range, is a widespread invasive species in European waters and conservationally important carrier of crayfish plague. However, its population structure is poorly known, and no informative genetic markers for the species are available. We tested cross-species transfer of microsatellite loci to spiny-cheek crayfish from 5 other crayfish species. Variability of 10 successfully amplifying loci derived from 4 species was then tested in 60 individuals ofO. limosus originating from 3 natural populations: the river Danube at Bogyiszlo in Hungary, a pond in Starý Klicov, and the brook Cernovický, both in the Czech Republic. The allele number within the populations ranged from 4 to 10 alleles per locus, while heterozygosity levels varied from 0.650 to 0.900 forHo and from 0.660 to 0.890 forHe. No linkage disequilibrium and no null alleles were detected. The selected markers are useful for assessing population structure, intraspecific variation, and paternity studies in spiny-cheek crayfish.

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