Cambarus

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Zachary J Loughman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Cambarus fetzneri sp nov a new species of burrowing crayfish decapoda cambaridae from the allegheny mountains of virginia and west virginia usa
    Zootaxa, 2019
    Co-Authors: Zachary J Loughman, Stuart A Welsh, Roger Thoma
    Abstract:

    The disjunct distribution of Cambarus monongalensis has led to speculation about its taxonomic status. An Appalachian Plateau population occurs in northern and central West Virginia and Southwestern Pennsylvania, and a mountain population occurs in the Allegheny Mountains and Ridge and Valley physiographic provinces of the Virginias. Herein we describe the mountain population as Cambarus fetzneri sp. nov. The two species differ genetically and morphologically, and have different color patterns. Specifically, C. fetzneri sp. nov. chelae lack extensive red coloration on the distal end of the propodus and dactyl, possess rostral margins that lack any red coloration, compared to C. monongalensis, which has extensive red coloration on the dactyl and propodus, as well as red rostral margins. Morphologically, the rostrum of C. fetzneri sp. nov. is shorter and wider than that of C. monongalensis. Also, adult C. fetzneri sp. nov. are considerably smaller in body size than those of C. monongalensis.

  • redescription and circumscription of the acuminate crayfish Cambarus acuminatus faxon 1884 decapoda cambaridae
    Zootaxa, 2019
    Co-Authors: Bronwyn W Williams, Emmy M Delekta, Zachary J Loughman
    Abstract:

    Cambarus acuminatus was described by Walter Faxon in 1884 from three specimens collected from the Saluda River in northwestern South Carolina, USA. Cambarus acuminatus sensu lato has since been acknowledged to comprise a species complex. This complex, also known as Cambarus sp. C, spans a range across much of the Piedmont Plateau and Coastal Plain from central South Carolina north to Maryland and southeastern Pennsylvania. A primary impediment to a much-needed thorough taxonomic assessment and revision of C. sp. C is the absence of taxonomically useful type material of C. acuminatus coupled with the lack of a detailed description of the species. Here we provide a redescription of C. acuminatus based on modern standards for astacoidean crayfishes in the genus Cambarus and emend the circumscription of the species, thereby laying the groundwork necessary for future taxonomic and phylogenetic work within, and involving, the C. sp. C complex.

  • rediscovery of Cambarus diogenes devil crayfish in pennsylvania
    Northeastern Naturalist, 2018
    Co-Authors: Mael G Glon, David A Lieb, Andrew J Mularo, Zachary J Loughman
    Abstract:

    North American crayfish biodiversity is in need of conservation attention, which requires monitoring to assess the status of potentially imperiled species. Pennsylvania has a long history of crayfish studies, dating back to the early 1900s and continuing today. We sampled 37 new and historical sites in southeastern Pennsylvania in an effort to locate remnant populations of Cambarus diogenes (Devil Crayfish), an ecologically important burrowing crayfish. While we did not find Devil Crayfish at any historical sites, we discovered a single population in Neshaminy State Park, indicating a decline in this species' range in Pennsylvania since the last survey, circa 1905. We attribute the statewide decline of Devil Crayfish to an inherently limited amount of suitable habitat, urbanization, and biological invasions, and recommend that steps be taken to protect this species.

  • Cambarus polypilosus a new species of stream dwelling crayfish decapoda cambaridae from the western highland rim of tennessee usa
    Zootaxa, 2018
    Co-Authors: Zachary J Loughman, Bronwyn W Williams
    Abstract:

    Cambarus polypilosus sp. nov. is a stream-dwelling crayfish endemic to tributaries in the Buffalo and lower Duck River drainage, and a reach of the lower Tennessee River in the Western Highland Rim of West-Central Tennessee, U.S.A. The new species is closely allied to the three members of the former subgenus Glareocola , but can be differentiated from each by a combination of characters, including body size, coloration, spination, setation, and form I male gonopod morphology. Several meristic measurements and ratios also differentiate C. polypilosus sp. nov. from Cambarus friaufi , to which it is morphologically most similar. Cambarus polypilosus sp. nov. appears to be common in cherty gravel and cobble habitats, where it is typically found in interstices at depths of 0.3 m or more below the substrate surface.

  • a case of appalachian endemism revision of the Cambarus robustus complex decapoda cambaridae in the kentucky and licking river basins of kentucky usa with the description of three new species
    Zootaxa, 2017
    Co-Authors: Zachary J Loughman, Sujan M Henkanaththegedara, W James J R Fetzner, Roger F Thoma
    Abstract:

    The amazing levels of freshwater biodiversity found in the Appalachian Mountains of the eastern United States are among the highest recorded globally. Localized endemics make up much of this diversity, with numerous fish, freshwater mussels, salamanders and crayfish often being restricted to a single watershed, and in some instances, subwatersheds. Much of this diversity is the product of the processes of vicariance and historical stream drainage patterns. Herein, we describe three new crayfish species, all previously members of the Cambarus robustus complex, which occur in the Appalachian portion of the Kentucky and Licking river basins in Kentucky, USA. All three species differ from each other morphologically, genetically, and zoogeographically, fulfilling the requirements of the integrated species concept. Cambarus guenteri occurs in the southern tributaries of the Kentucky River mainstem as well as throughout the South Fork Kentucky River. Cambarus taylori is a narrow endemic, which only occurs in the Middle Fork Kentucky River. Cambarus hazardi, which has the widest distribution of the three new species, occurs in the North Fork Kentucky River, Red River, and upper reaches of the Licking River basin. Stream piracy events between the Cumberland and South Fork Kentucky River, as well as the Licking, Red and North Fork Kentucky rivers, are theorized to be important in the evolution of this complex. Cambarus guenteri is proposed as currently stable, though both C. taylori and C. hazardi are considered imperiled at this time due to habitat destruction throughout both of their respective ranges.

Loughman, Zachary J. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Thoma, Roger F. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Keith A. Crandall - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • testing phylogenetic hypotheses of the subgenera of the freshwater crayfish genus Cambarus decapoda cambaridae
    PLOS ONE, 2012
    Co-Authors: Jesse W. Breinholt, Keith A. Crandall, Megan L. Porter
    Abstract:

    Background: The genus Cambarus is one of three most species rich crayfish genera in the Northern Hemisphere. The genus has its center of diversity in the Southern Appalachians of the United States and has been divided into 12 subgenera. Using Cambarus we test the correspondence of subgeneric designations based on morphology used in traditional crayfish taxonomy to the underlying evolutionary history for these crayfish. We further test for significant correlation and explanatory power of geographic distance, taxonomic model, and a habitat model to estimated phylogenetic distance with multiple variable regression. Methodology/Principal Findings: We use three mitochondrial and one nuclear gene regions to estimate the phylogenetic relationships for species within the genus Cambarus and test evolutionary hypotheses of relationships and associated morphological and biogeographical hypotheses. Our resulting phylogeny indicates that the genus Cambarus is polyphyletic, however we fail to reject the monophyly of Cambarus with a topology test. The majority of the Cambarus subgenera are rejected as monophyletic, suggesting the morphological characters used to define those taxa are subject to convergent evolution. While we found incongruence between taxonomy and estimated phylogenetic relationships, a multiple model regression analysis indicates that taxonomy had more explanatory power of genetic relationships than either habitat or geographic distance. Conclusions: We find convergent evolution has impacted the morphological features used to delimit Cambarus subgenera. Studies of the crayfish genus Orconectes have shown gonopod morphology used to delimit subgenera is also affected by convergent evolution. This suggests that morphological diagnoses based on traditional crayfish taxonomy might be confounded by convergent evolution across the cambarids and has little utility in diagnosing relationships or defining natural groups. We further suggest that convergent morphological evolution appears to be a common occurrence in invertebrates suggesting the need for careful phylogenetically based interpretations of morphological evolution in invertebrate systematics.

  • The number of Cambarus species sampled by subgenus.
    2012
    Co-Authors: Jesse W. Breinholt, Megan L. Porter, Keith A. Crandall
    Abstract:

    *Includes recently described Cambarus species by Cooper and Price [77], Loughman et al. [78], and Thoma [79].

  • taxonomic revision of cave crayfish in the genus Cambarus subgenus avitiCambarus decapoda cambaridae with descriptions of two new species c speleocoopi and c laconensis endemic to alabama u s a
    Journal of Crustacean Biology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Jennifer E. Buhay, Keith A. Crandall
    Abstract:

    Abstract As historically recognized, three stygobitic species of the subgenus AvitiCambarus, genus Cambarus inhabit Mississippian limestone caves along the southern edge of the Southern Appalachians and Highland Rim in southeastern Tennessee and Northern Alabama, U.S.A. These include Cambarus hamulatus, C. jonesi, and C. veitchorum. All stygobitic members of the genus ProCambarus inhabit caves in Florida, Cuba, and Mexico with exception of P. pecki (in the monotypic subgenus RemotiCambarus), which exists in only three caves with C. jonesi in Northwestern Alabama. It was hypothesized that ProCambarus pecki was derived from a primitive ProCambarus stock that gave rise to the genera Cambarus and Orconectes based on the morphological shapes of the gonopods. Excluding the unsampled rare C. veitchorum, here we present 16S rDNA phylogenetic evidence, contrary to former morphological-based inferences, for the recognition of five distinct AvitiCambarus lineages including P. pecki. Cambarus laconensis is a new spec...

  • surface to subsurface freshwater connections phylogeographic and habitat analyses of Cambarus tenebrosus a facultative cave dwelling crayfish
    Animal Conservation, 2006
    Co-Authors: J Finlay, Jennifer E. Buhay, Keith A. Crandall
    Abstract:

    This study examined the phylogeography and population demographics of Cambarus tenebrosus, which has an unusually large distribution for a freshwater crayfish species, encompassing the Interior Lowlands and Cumberland Plateau of the eastern United States. This facultative cave-dweller provides a unique perspective on the biologic connections between surface and subsurface freshwater ecosystems, which are considered to be highly imperiled due to pollution and habitat degradation. The 16S mitochondrial gene was sequenced for 233 individuals from 84 cave and 20 surface locations throughout the range, with most sampling concentrated around the Cumberland Plateau of the southern Appalachians, to assess conservation status of this species and examine the extent of gene flow between the two habitat types. Cave and surface populations formed a single monophyletic group relative to Cambarus striatus, and clades showed strong geographical associations, but lacked habitat structuring. Occupation of subterranean environments does not appear to be a recent event in the evolutionary history of the species. The large amount of genetic diversity within the species, coupled with its ability to inhabit surface and subsurface environments, suggests that this species may pose a threat as a possible invasive species in other karst-dominated landscapes.

  • Molecular taxonomy in the dark: evolutionary history, phylogeography, and diversity of cave crayfish in the subgenus AvitiCambarus, genus Cambarus.
    Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 2006
    Co-Authors: Jennifer E. Buhay, Gerald Moni, Nathaniel Mann, Keith A. Crandall
    Abstract:

    Freshwater crayfish species in the subgenus AvitiCambarus (Cambaridae: Cambarus) are restricted to caves along the Cumberland Plateau, the Sequatchie Valley, and the Highland Rim which extend along the Tennessee River in southcentral Tennessee and northern Alabama. Historically, three stygobitic species, Cambarus jonesi, Cambarus hamulatus, and Cambarus veitchorum, comprise this subgenus. We examine species' boundaries and phylogeographic structure of this imperiled Southern Appalachian assemblage to shed light on patterns of cave colonization. We also provide estimates of genetic diversity for conservation status assessment. Using geologic evidence, phylogeographic analyses, and sequence data from five gene regions (two nuclear: Histone H3 and GAPDH and three mitochondrial: 12S, 16S, and CO1 totaling almost 2700 base pairs), we identify two well-supported cryptic species in addition to the three currently recognized taxa. Four of these taxa exhibit low levels of genetic variation both currently and historically, which may indicate local extirpation events associated with geological and river basin changes. Our results also support other recent findings that pre-Pleistocene paleodrainages may best explain the current patterns of aquatic faunal biodiversity in the Southern Appalachians.

Fetzner Jr, James W. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

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