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V Vondrejs - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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starvation associated mutagenesis in yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae is affected by ras2 cAMP Signaling pathway
Mutation Research, 1999Co-Authors: Zuzana Storchova, V VondrejsAbstract:Abstract The number of revertants with restored ability to form colony increases in a time-dependent manner during long-term selective starvation of dense mutant microbial cultures. This is due to starvation-associated (also called adaptive) mutations that arise in a replication independent manner. Here we report that in Saccharomyces cerevisiae the frequency of starvation-associated reversions of mutant genes whose products are necessary for amino acids biosynthesis are influenced by Ras2/cAMP Signaling pathway. This Signaling pathway is a yeast general regulatory pathway involved in nutritional sensing, UV response, sporulation control and life span control and its changes are manifested in both, cell cycle and life cycle. Inactivation of the RAS2 gene causes an increase in number of starvation-associated revertants in comparison to an isogenic wild type strain and a strain with constitutively activated Ras2/cAMP Signaling pathway. Therefore, we suggest that starvation-associated mutagenesis is different from spontaneous mutagenesis and is related to the cellular capacity to adopt distinct physiological states in response to environmental signals.
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Starvation-associated mutagenesis in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is affected by Ras2/cAMP Signaling pathway.
Mutation Research, 1999Co-Authors: Zuzana Storchova, V VondrejsAbstract:Abstract The number of revertants with restored ability to form colony increases in a time-dependent manner during long-term selective starvation of dense mutant microbial cultures. This is due to starvation-associated (also called adaptive) mutations that arise in a replication independent manner. Here we report that in Saccharomyces cerevisiae the frequency of starvation-associated reversions of mutant genes whose products are necessary for amino acids biosynthesis are influenced by Ras2/cAMP Signaling pathway. This Signaling pathway is a yeast general regulatory pathway involved in nutritional sensing, UV response, sporulation control and life span control and its changes are manifested in both, cell cycle and life cycle. Inactivation of the RAS2 gene causes an increase in number of starvation-associated revertants in comparison to an isogenic wild type strain and a strain with constitutively activated Ras2/cAMP Signaling pathway. Therefore, we suggest that starvation-associated mutagenesis is different from spontaneous mutagenesis and is related to the cellular capacity to adopt distinct physiological states in response to environmental signals.
Zuzana Storchova - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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starvation associated mutagenesis in yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae is affected by ras2 cAMP Signaling pathway
Mutation Research, 1999Co-Authors: Zuzana Storchova, V VondrejsAbstract:Abstract The number of revertants with restored ability to form colony increases in a time-dependent manner during long-term selective starvation of dense mutant microbial cultures. This is due to starvation-associated (also called adaptive) mutations that arise in a replication independent manner. Here we report that in Saccharomyces cerevisiae the frequency of starvation-associated reversions of mutant genes whose products are necessary for amino acids biosynthesis are influenced by Ras2/cAMP Signaling pathway. This Signaling pathway is a yeast general regulatory pathway involved in nutritional sensing, UV response, sporulation control and life span control and its changes are manifested in both, cell cycle and life cycle. Inactivation of the RAS2 gene causes an increase in number of starvation-associated revertants in comparison to an isogenic wild type strain and a strain with constitutively activated Ras2/cAMP Signaling pathway. Therefore, we suggest that starvation-associated mutagenesis is different from spontaneous mutagenesis and is related to the cellular capacity to adopt distinct physiological states in response to environmental signals.
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Starvation-associated mutagenesis in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is affected by Ras2/cAMP Signaling pathway.
Mutation Research, 1999Co-Authors: Zuzana Storchova, V VondrejsAbstract:Abstract The number of revertants with restored ability to form colony increases in a time-dependent manner during long-term selective starvation of dense mutant microbial cultures. This is due to starvation-associated (also called adaptive) mutations that arise in a replication independent manner. Here we report that in Saccharomyces cerevisiae the frequency of starvation-associated reversions of mutant genes whose products are necessary for amino acids biosynthesis are influenced by Ras2/cAMP Signaling pathway. This Signaling pathway is a yeast general regulatory pathway involved in nutritional sensing, UV response, sporulation control and life span control and its changes are manifested in both, cell cycle and life cycle. Inactivation of the RAS2 gene causes an increase in number of starvation-associated revertants in comparison to an isogenic wild type strain and a strain with constitutively activated Ras2/cAMP Signaling pathway. Therefore, we suggest that starvation-associated mutagenesis is different from spontaneous mutagenesis and is related to the cellular capacity to adopt distinct physiological states in response to environmental signals.
Yong-sung Juhnn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cAMP Signaling increases histone deacetylase 8 expression via the Epac2-Rap1A-Akt pathway in H1299 lung cancer cells.
Experimental & molecular medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Ji-yeon Park, Yong-sung JuhnnAbstract:This study was performed to investigate the Signaling pathway that mediates cyclic AMP (cAMP)-induced inhibition of histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) degradation, and the effect and underlying mechanisms of the resulting increase in HDAC8 expression on cisplatin-induced apoptosis in lung cancer cells. cAMP Signaling increased HDAC8 expression via a protein kinase A (PKA)-independent pathway in H1299 non-small cell lung cancer cells. However, treatment with a selective activator of an exchange protein that was activated by cAMP (Epac) increased HDAC8 expression, and Epac2 inhibition abolished the isoproterenol (ISO)-induced increase in HDAC8 expression. ISO and the Epac activator activated Rap1, and Rap1A activation increased HDAC8 expression; moreover, inhibition of Rap1A with a dominant negative Rap1A or by shRNA-mediated knockdown abolished the ISO-induced increase in HDAC8 expression. Activation of cAMP Signaling and Rap1A decreased the activating phosphorylation of Akt. Akt inhibition with a pharmacological inhibitor or expression of a dominant negative Akt inhibited the MKK4/JNK pathway and increased HDAC8 expression. The Akt inhibitor-induced increase in HDAC8 expression was abolished by pretreatment with proteasomal or lysosomal inhibitors. The ISO treatment increased cisplatin-induced apoptosis, which was abolished by HDAC8 knockdown. Exogenous HDAC8 expression increased cisplatin-induced apoptosis and decreased TIPRL expression, and the knockdown of TIPRL increased the apoptosis of cisplatin-treated cells. The ISO treatment decreased cisplatin-induced transcription of the TIPRL gene in a HDAC8-dependent manner. In conclusion, the Epac-Rap1-Akt pathway mediates cAMP Signaling-induced inhibition of JNK-dependent HDAC8 degradation, and the resulting HDAC8 increase augments cisplatin-induced apoptosis by repressing TIPRL expression in H1299 lung cancer cells.
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cAMP Signaling increases histone deacetylase 8 expression via the Epac2–Rap1A–Akt pathway in H1299 lung cancer cells
Experimental & Molecular Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Ji-yeon Park, Yong-sung JuhnnAbstract:This study was performed to investigate the Signaling pathway that mediates cyclic AMP (cAMP)-induced inhibition of histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) degradation, and the effect and underlying mechanisms of the resulting increase in HDAC8 expression on cisplatin-induced apoptosis in lung cancer cells. cAMP Signaling increased HDAC8 expression via a protein kinase A (PKA)-independent pathway in H1299 non-small cell lung cancer cells. However, treatment with a selective activator of an exchange protein that was activated by cAMP (Epac) increased HDAC8 expression, and Epac2 inhibition abolished the isoproterenol (ISO)-induced increase in HDAC8 expression. ISO and the Epac activator activated Rap1, and Rap1A activation increased HDAC8 expression; moreover, inhibition of Rap1A with a dominant negative Rap1A or by shRNA-mediated knockdown abolished the ISO-induced increase in HDAC8 expression. Activation of cAMP Signaling and Rap1A decreased the activating phosphorylation of Akt. Akt inhibition with a pharmacological inhibitor or expression of a dominant negative Akt inhibited the MKK4/JNK pathway and increased HDAC8 expression. The Akt inhibitor-induced increase in HDAC8 expression was abolished by pretreatment with proteasomal or lysosomal inhibitors. The ISO treatment increased cisplatin-induced apoptosis, which was abolished by HDAC8 knockdown. Exogenous HDAC8 expression increased cisplatin-induced apoptosis and decreased TIPRL expression, and the knockdown of TIPRL increased the apoptosis of cisplatin-treated cells. The ISO treatment decreased cisplatin-induced transcription of the TIPRL gene in a HDAC8-dependent manner. In conclusion, the Epac–Rap1–Akt pathway mediates cAMP Signaling-induced inhibition of JNK-dependent HDAC8 degradation, and the resulting HDAC8 increase augments cisplatin-induced apoptosis by repressing TIPRL expression in H1299 lung cancer cells. An intracellular Signaling molecule enhances the effect of anticancer drugs by decreasing the expression of a gene that prevents cell death. Yong-Sung Juhnn and Ji-Yeon Park at Seoul National University College of Medicine have investigated how the second messenger molecule cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) causes cell death in human lung cancer cells. Previous studies have shown that cAMP blocks the degradation of histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8), a regulator of gene transcription. The researchers were able to pinpoint the Signaling pathway through which cAMP exerts this effect. They found that the resulting increase in HDAC8 levels boosted the effect of the chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin by preventing expression of a gene coding for a protein shown to confer resistance to cell death in tumor cells. Their findings highlight potential targets for the development of new anticancer therapies.
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cAMP Signaling increases histone deacetylase 8 expression by inhibiting JNK-dependent degradation via autophagy and the proteasome system in H1299 lung cancer cells
Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2016Co-Authors: Ji-yeon Park, Yong-sung JuhnnAbstract:This study aimed to investigate the roles of autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system in the degradation of histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) and to clarify the mechanism by which cAMP Signaling regulates this degradation. cAMP Signaling was activated by treating H1299 non-small cell lung cancer cells with isoproterenol or forskolin/3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, and HDAC8 expression was assessed by western blot analysis. The inhibition of autophagy and ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent degradation increased HDAC8 expression. cAMP Signaling inhibited JNK activation, which decreased the phosphorylation of Bcl-2, thereby reducing autophagy, and the phosphorylation of Itch, thereby reducing ubiquitination. These results suggest that the HDAC8 protein is degraded via autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system and that cAMP Signaling increases HDAC8 protein levels by reducing JNK-mediated autophagy and ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent degradation of the HDAC8 protein in H1299 lung cancer cells.
Ji-yeon Park - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cAMP Signaling increases histone deacetylase 8 expression via the Epac2-Rap1A-Akt pathway in H1299 lung cancer cells.
Experimental & molecular medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Ji-yeon Park, Yong-sung JuhnnAbstract:This study was performed to investigate the Signaling pathway that mediates cyclic AMP (cAMP)-induced inhibition of histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) degradation, and the effect and underlying mechanisms of the resulting increase in HDAC8 expression on cisplatin-induced apoptosis in lung cancer cells. cAMP Signaling increased HDAC8 expression via a protein kinase A (PKA)-independent pathway in H1299 non-small cell lung cancer cells. However, treatment with a selective activator of an exchange protein that was activated by cAMP (Epac) increased HDAC8 expression, and Epac2 inhibition abolished the isoproterenol (ISO)-induced increase in HDAC8 expression. ISO and the Epac activator activated Rap1, and Rap1A activation increased HDAC8 expression; moreover, inhibition of Rap1A with a dominant negative Rap1A or by shRNA-mediated knockdown abolished the ISO-induced increase in HDAC8 expression. Activation of cAMP Signaling and Rap1A decreased the activating phosphorylation of Akt. Akt inhibition with a pharmacological inhibitor or expression of a dominant negative Akt inhibited the MKK4/JNK pathway and increased HDAC8 expression. The Akt inhibitor-induced increase in HDAC8 expression was abolished by pretreatment with proteasomal or lysosomal inhibitors. The ISO treatment increased cisplatin-induced apoptosis, which was abolished by HDAC8 knockdown. Exogenous HDAC8 expression increased cisplatin-induced apoptosis and decreased TIPRL expression, and the knockdown of TIPRL increased the apoptosis of cisplatin-treated cells. The ISO treatment decreased cisplatin-induced transcription of the TIPRL gene in a HDAC8-dependent manner. In conclusion, the Epac-Rap1-Akt pathway mediates cAMP Signaling-induced inhibition of JNK-dependent HDAC8 degradation, and the resulting HDAC8 increase augments cisplatin-induced apoptosis by repressing TIPRL expression in H1299 lung cancer cells.
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cAMP Signaling increases histone deacetylase 8 expression via the Epac2–Rap1A–Akt pathway in H1299 lung cancer cells
Experimental & Molecular Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Ji-yeon Park, Yong-sung JuhnnAbstract:This study was performed to investigate the Signaling pathway that mediates cyclic AMP (cAMP)-induced inhibition of histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) degradation, and the effect and underlying mechanisms of the resulting increase in HDAC8 expression on cisplatin-induced apoptosis in lung cancer cells. cAMP Signaling increased HDAC8 expression via a protein kinase A (PKA)-independent pathway in H1299 non-small cell lung cancer cells. However, treatment with a selective activator of an exchange protein that was activated by cAMP (Epac) increased HDAC8 expression, and Epac2 inhibition abolished the isoproterenol (ISO)-induced increase in HDAC8 expression. ISO and the Epac activator activated Rap1, and Rap1A activation increased HDAC8 expression; moreover, inhibition of Rap1A with a dominant negative Rap1A or by shRNA-mediated knockdown abolished the ISO-induced increase in HDAC8 expression. Activation of cAMP Signaling and Rap1A decreased the activating phosphorylation of Akt. Akt inhibition with a pharmacological inhibitor or expression of a dominant negative Akt inhibited the MKK4/JNK pathway and increased HDAC8 expression. The Akt inhibitor-induced increase in HDAC8 expression was abolished by pretreatment with proteasomal or lysosomal inhibitors. The ISO treatment increased cisplatin-induced apoptosis, which was abolished by HDAC8 knockdown. Exogenous HDAC8 expression increased cisplatin-induced apoptosis and decreased TIPRL expression, and the knockdown of TIPRL increased the apoptosis of cisplatin-treated cells. The ISO treatment decreased cisplatin-induced transcription of the TIPRL gene in a HDAC8-dependent manner. In conclusion, the Epac–Rap1–Akt pathway mediates cAMP Signaling-induced inhibition of JNK-dependent HDAC8 degradation, and the resulting HDAC8 increase augments cisplatin-induced apoptosis by repressing TIPRL expression in H1299 lung cancer cells. An intracellular Signaling molecule enhances the effect of anticancer drugs by decreasing the expression of a gene that prevents cell death. Yong-Sung Juhnn and Ji-Yeon Park at Seoul National University College of Medicine have investigated how the second messenger molecule cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) causes cell death in human lung cancer cells. Previous studies have shown that cAMP blocks the degradation of histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8), a regulator of gene transcription. The researchers were able to pinpoint the Signaling pathway through which cAMP exerts this effect. They found that the resulting increase in HDAC8 levels boosted the effect of the chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin by preventing expression of a gene coding for a protein shown to confer resistance to cell death in tumor cells. Their findings highlight potential targets for the development of new anticancer therapies.
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cAMP Signaling increases histone deacetylase 8 expression by inhibiting JNK-dependent degradation via autophagy and the proteasome system in H1299 lung cancer cells
Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2016Co-Authors: Ji-yeon Park, Yong-sung JuhnnAbstract:This study aimed to investigate the roles of autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system in the degradation of histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) and to clarify the mechanism by which cAMP Signaling regulates this degradation. cAMP Signaling was activated by treating H1299 non-small cell lung cancer cells with isoproterenol or forskolin/3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, and HDAC8 expression was assessed by western blot analysis. The inhibition of autophagy and ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent degradation increased HDAC8 expression. cAMP Signaling inhibited JNK activation, which decreased the phosphorylation of Bcl-2, thereby reducing autophagy, and the phosphorylation of Itch, thereby reducing ubiquitination. These results suggest that the HDAC8 protein is degraded via autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system and that cAMP Signaling increases HDAC8 protein levels by reducing JNK-mediated autophagy and ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent degradation of the HDAC8 protein in H1299 lung cancer cells.
Nikoleta G Tsvetanova - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a high throughput crispr interference screen for dissecting functional regulators of gpcr cAMP Signaling
PLOS Genetics, 2020Co-Authors: Khairunnisa Mentari Semesta, Ruilin Tian, Martin Kampmann, Mark Von Zastrow, Nikoleta G TsvetanovaAbstract:G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) allow cells to respond to chemical and sensory stimuli through generation of second messengers, such as cyclic AMP (cAMP), which in turn mediate a myriad of processes, including cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. In order to gain deeper insights into the complex biology and physiology of these key cellular pathways, it is critical to be able to globally map the molecular factors that shape cascade function. Yet, to this date, efforts to systematically identify regulators of GPCR/cAMP Signaling have been lacking. Here, we combined genome-wide screening based on CRISPR interference with a novel sortable transcriptional reporter that provides robust readout for cAMP Signaling, and carried out a functional screen for regulators of the pathway. Due to the sortable nature of the platform, we were able to assay regulators with strong and moderate phenotypes by analyzing sgRNA distribution among three fractions with distinct reporter expression. We identified 45 regulators with strong and 50 regulators with moderate phenotypes not previously known to be involved in cAMP Signaling. In follow-up experiments, we validated the functional effects of seven newly discovered mediators (NUP93, PRIM1, RUVBL1, PKMYT1, TP53, SF3A2, and HRAS), and showed that they control distinct steps of the pathway. Thus, our study provides proof of principle that the screening platform can be applied successfully to identify bona fide regulators of GPCR/second messenger cascades in an unbiased and high-throughput manner, and illuminates the remarkable functional diversity among GPCR regulators.
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a high throughput crispr interference screen for dissecting functional regulators of gpcr cAMP Signaling
bioRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Khairunnisa Mentari Semesta, Ruilin Tian, Martin Kampmann, Mark Von Zastrow, Nikoleta G TsvetanovaAbstract:Abstract G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) allow cells to respond to chemical and sensory stimuli through generation of second messengers, such as cyclic AMP (cAMP), which in turn mediate a myriad of processes, including cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. In order to gain deeper insights into the complex biology and physiology of these key cellular pathways, it is critical to be able to globally map the molecular factors that shape cascade function. Yet, to this date, efforts to systematically identify regulators of GPCR/cAMP Signaling have been lacking. Here, we combined genome-wide screening based on CRISPR interference with a novel sortable transcriptional reporter that provides robust readout for cAMP Signaling, and carried out a functional screen for regulators of the pathway. Due to the sortable nature of the platform, we were able to assay regulators with strong and weaker phenotypes by analyzing sgRNA distribution among three fractions with distinct reporter expression. We identified 45 regulators with strong and 50 regulators with weaker phenotypes not previously known to be involved in cAMP Signaling. In follow-up experiments, we validated the functional effects of seven newly discovered mediators (NUP93, PRIM1, RUVBL1, PKMYT1, TP53, SF3A2, and HRAS), and showed that they control distinct steps of the pathway. Thus, our study provides proof of principle that the screening platform can be applied successfully to identify bona fide regulators of GPCR/second messenger cascades in an unbiased and high-throughput manner, and illuminates the remarkable functional diversity among GPCR regulators. Author summary Cells sense and respond to changes in their surrounding environment through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and their associated cascades. The proper function of these pathways is essential to human physiology, and GPCRs have become a prime target for drug development for a range of human diseases. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to be able to map how these pathways operate to enable cells to fine-tune their responsiveness. Here, we describe a screening approach that we have devised to systematically identify regulators of GPCR function. We have developed a sortable reporter system and coupled that with silencing of genes across the entire human genome in order to uncover a range of novel mediators of GPCR activity. We characterize a few of these new regulators and show that they function at different steps of the cascade. Therefore, this study serves as proof of principle for the new screening platform. We envision that the approach can be used to dissect additional dimensions of GPCR function, including regulators of drug-specific responses, functional characterization of receptor features, and identification of novel drugs, and thus advance a genome-scale understanding of these critical pathways.