The Experts below are selected from a list of 402432 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Alan C Geller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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skin Cancer interventions across the Cancer Control continuum review of technology environment and theory
Preventive Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Jennifer M Taber, Barbra A Dickerman, Jeanphillip Okhovat, Alan C Geller, Laura A Dwyer, Anne M Hartman, Frank M PernaAbstract:The National Cancer Institute's Skin Cancer Intervention across the Cancer Control Continuum model was developed to summarize research and identify gaps concerning skin Cancer interventions. We conducted a mapping review to characterize whether behavioral interventions addressing skin Cancer prevention and Control from 2000 to 2015 included (1) technology, (2) environmental manipulations (policy and/or built environment), and (3) a theoretical basis. We included 86 studies with a randomized Controlled or quasi-experimental design that targeted behavioral intervention in skin Cancer for children and/or adults; seven of these were dissemination or implementation studies. Of the interventions described in the remaining 79 articles, 57 promoted only prevention behaviors (e.g., ultraviolet radiation protection), five promoted only detection (e.g., skin examinations), 10 promoted both prevention and detection, and seven focused on survivorship. Of the 79 non-dissemination studies, two-thirds used some type of technology (n=52; 65.8%). Technology specific to skin Cancer was infrequently used: UVR photography was used in 15.2% of studies (n=12), reflectance spectroscopy was used in 12.7% (n=10), and dermatoscopes (n=1) and dosimeters (n=2) were each used in less than 3%. Ten studies (12.7%) targeted the built environment. Fifty-two (65.8%) of the studies included theory-based interventions. The most common theories were Social Cognitive Theory (n=20; 25.3%), Health Belief Model (n=17; 21.5%), and the Theory of Planned Behavior/Reasoned Action (n=12; 15.2%). Results suggest that skin Cancer specific technology and environmental manipulations are underutilized in skin Cancer behavioral interventions. We discuss implications of these results for researchers developing skin Cancer behavioral interventions.
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research on skin Cancer related behaviors and outcomes in the nih grant portfolio 2000 2014 skin Cancer intervention across the Cancer Control continuum sci 3c
JAMA Dermatology, 2017Co-Authors: Frank M Perna, Jennifer M Taber, Laura A Dwyer, Anne M Hartman, Gina Tesauro, Wynne E Norton, Alan C GellerAbstract:Importance The Surgeon General’s Call to Action to Prevent Skin Cancer broadly identified research gaps, but specific objectives are needed to further behavioral intervention research. Objective To review National Institute of Health (NIH) grants targeting skin Cancer–related behaviors and relevant outcomes. Design, Setting, and Participants A portfolio analysis of the title, abstract, specific aims, and research plans of identified grant applications from 2000 to 2014 targeting skin Cancer–related behaviors or testing behavioral intervention effects on Cancer-relevant outcomes along the Cancer continuum. Main Outcomes and Measures Funding trends were compared along the Cancer Control continuum, with respect to investigator demographics and use of theory, technology, policy, and changes to environmental surroundings (built environment). Results A total of 112 submitted applications met inclusion criteria; of these, 40 (35.7%) were funded, and 31 of the 40 were interventions. Comparing the 40 funded grants with the 72 unfunded grants, the overall success rates did not differ significantly between male (33.3%) and female (37.3%) investigators, nor did the frequency of R01 awards (36.7% and 28.1%, respectively). Among intervention awards, most (24 of 31) addressed prevention. Fewer awards targeted detection alone or in conjunction with prevention (3) or Cancer survivorship (4), and no grant addressed emotional sequelae or adherence behavior related to diagnosis or treatment. Fewer than half of funded grants aimed for clinically related targets (eg, sunburn reduction). Use of theory and technology occurred in more than 75% of grants. However, the full capability of proposed technology was infrequently used, and rarely did constructs of the proposed behavior change theory clearly and comprehensively drive the intervention approach. Policy or environmental manipulation was present in all dissemination grants but was rarely used elsewhere, and 19.4% included policy implementation and 25.8% proposed changes in built environment. Conclusions and Relevance Grant success rate in skin Cancer–related behavioral science compares favorably to the overall NIH grant success rate (approximately 18%), and the success rate of male and female investigators was not statistically different. However, gaps exist in behavioral research addressing all points of the skin Cancer Control continuum, measuring interventions that hit clinically related targets, and leveraging technology, theory, and environmental manipulation to optimize intervention approach.
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improving breast Cancer Control via the use of community health workers in south africa a critical review
Journal of Oncology, 2011Co-Authors: Brianna M Wadler, Christine M Judge, Marianne N Prout, Jennifer D Allen, Alan C GellerAbstract:Breast Cancer is a growing concern in low- and middle-income countries (LMCs). We explore community health worker (CHW) programs and describe their potential use in LMCs. We use South Africa as an example of how CHWs could improve access to breast health care because of its middle-income status, existing Cancer centers, and history of CHW programs. CHWs could assume three main roles along the Cancer Control continuum: health education, screening, and patient navigation. By raising awareness about breast Cancer through education, women are more likely to undergo screening. Many more women can be screened resulting in earlier-stage disease if CHWs are trained to perform clinical breast exams. As patient navigators, CHWs can guide women through the screening and treatment process. It is suggested that these roles be combined within existing CHW programs to maximize resources and improve breast Cancer outcomes in LMCs.
James A Eastham - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cancer Control and functional outcomes of salvage radical prostatectomy for radiation recurrent prostate Cancer a systematic review of the literature
European Urology, 2012Co-Authors: Francesco Montorsi, James A Eastham, Peter T Scardino, Markus Graefen, Jeffrey R Karnes, Daher C Chade, Laurence Klotz, Hendrik Van Poppel, Shahrokh F. ShariatAbstract:Abstract Context Prostate Cancer (PCa) recurrence following definitive radiation therapy (RT) remains a vexing challenge for the practicing physician. Salvage radical prostatectomy (SRP) has not been recognized yet as a valuable therapeutic option. Objective We critically analyzed the currently available evidence on SRP as to patient selection, predictive oncologic factors, surgical technique, Cancer Control, surgical complications, functional outcomes, and comparison to other salvage therapies. Evidence acquisition A systematic review of the literature was performed in June 2011 using the Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases, limiting the review to English-language articles published between January 1980 and June 2011. All authors reviewed the list of references and added papers relevant to the topic of the review prior to the analysis. The panel selected 40 articles according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. Evidence synthesis Positive surgical margins in SRP varied from 43% to 70% in earlier publications versus 0–36% in recent publications, and pathologic organ-confined disease (OCD) was found in 22–53% versus 44–73% in earlier versus recent publications. Biochemical recurrence–free probability after SRP ranged from 47% to 82% at 5 yr and from 28% to 53% at 10 yr. Cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival varied from 70% to 83% and 54% to 89% at 10 yr. Pre-SRP prostate-specific antigen value and prostate biopsy Gleason score were the strongest prognostic risk factors for progression-free survival, OCD, and CSS. Open, laparoscopic, and robotic techniques were shown to be feasible in the hands of experienced surgeons. The most frequent complications included anastomotic stricture (7–41%) followed by rectal injury (0–28%). Major complications (modified Clavien classification grade 3–5) varied from 0% to 25%. Most complications were less frequent in more recent series, except for anastomotic stricture. The majority of patients had erectile dysfunction prior to SRP (50–91%) and 80–100% after SRP. Urinary continence ranged from 21% to 90% after surgery. Limitations of this review include the absence of prospective studies and lack of comparative analyses between SRP and other therapies. Conclusions In selected patients with confirmed, localized, radiation-recurrent PCa, SRP may effectively promote durable Cancer Control with acceptable associated surgical morbidity and variable functional recovery.
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a critical analysis of the long term impact of radical prostatectomy on Cancer Control and function outcomes
European Urology, 2012Co-Authors: Stephen A Boorjian, James A Eastham, Markus Graefen, Bertrand Guillonneau, Jeffrey R Karnes, Judd W Moul, Edward M Schaeffer, Christian G Stief, Kevin C ZornAbstract:Context: The optimal management strategy for men with newly diagnosed clinically localized prostate Cancer remains a matter of debate. Numerous series have reported Cancer Control and quality-of-life (QoL) outcomes following treatment with radical prostatectomy (RP). Objective: Critically review published oncologic and functional outcomes after RP, and evaluate factors associated with these outcome measures. Evidence acquisition: A review of the literature was performed using the Medline and Web of Sciences databases. Relevant reports published between 1980 and 2011 identified using the keywords prostate Cancer, radical prostatectomy, prostate-specific antigen, biochemical recurrence, incontinence, and erectile dysfunction were reviewed and summarized.
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a critical analysis of the current knowledge of surgical anatomy related to optimization of Cancer Control and preservation of continence and erection in candidates for radical prostatectomy
European Urology, 2010Co-Authors: Jochen Walz, Francesco Montorsi, James A Eastham, Markus Graefen, Bertrand Guillonneau, Arthur L Burnett, Anthony J Costello, Mani Menon, Robert P Myers, Bernardo RoccoAbstract:Abstract Context Detailed knowledge of the anatomy of the prostate and adjacent tissues is mandatory during radical prostatectomy to ensure reliable oncologic and functional outcomes. Objective To review critically and to summarize the available literature on surgical anatomy of the prostate and adjacent structures involved in Cancer Control, erectile function, and urinary continence. Evidence acquisition A search of the PubMed database was performed using the keywords radical prostatectomy, anatomy, neurovascular bundle, fascia, pelvis, and sphincter . Relevant articles and textbook chapters were reviewed, analyzed, and summarized. Evidence synthesis Anatomy of the prostate and the adjacent tissues varies substantially. The fascia surrounding the prostate is multilayered, sometimes either fused with the prostate capsule or clearly separated from the capsule as a reflection of interindividual variations. The neurovascular bundle (NVB) is situated between the fascial layers covering the prostate. The NVB is composed of numerous nerve fibers superimposed on a scaffold of veins, arteries, and variable amounts of adipose tissue surrounding almost the entire lateral and posterior surfaces of the prostate. The NVB is also in close, cage-like contact to the seminal vesicles. The external urethral sphincter is a complex structure in close anatomic and functional relationship to the pelvic floor, and its fragile innervation is in close association to the prostate apex. Finally, the shape and size of the prostate can significantly modify the anatomy of the NVB, the urethral sphincter, the dorsal vascular complex, and the pubovesical/puboprostatic ligaments. Conclusions The surgical anatomy of the prostate and adjacent tissues involved in radical prostatectomy is complex. Precise knowledge of all relevant anatomic structures facilitates surgical orientation and dissection during radical prostatectomy and ideally translates into both superior rates of Cancer Control and improved functional outcomes postoperatively.
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the surgical learning curve for prostate Cancer Control after radical prostatectomy
Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2007Co-Authors: Andrew J Vickers, Fernando J Bianco, Angel M Serio, James A Eastham, Deborah Schrag, Eric A Klein, Alwyn M Reuther, Michael W Kattan, Edson J Pontes, Peter T ScardinoAbstract:Background The learning curve for surgery — i.e., improvement in surgical outcomes with increasing surgeon experience — remains primarily a theoretical concept; actual curves based on surgical outcome data are rarely presented. We analyzed the surgical learning curve for prostate Cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Methods The study cohort included 7765 prostate Cancer patients who were treated with radical prostatectomy by one of 72 surgeons at four major US academic medical centers between 1987 and 2003. For each patient, surgeon experience was coded as the total number of radical prostatectomies performed by the surgeon before the patient ’ s operation. Multivariable survival – time regression models were used to evaluate the association between surgeon experience and prostate Cancer recurrence, defined as a serum prostatespecific antigen (PSA) of more than 0.4 ng/mL followed by a subsequent higher PSA level (i.e., bio che mical recurrence ), with adjustment for established clinical and tumor characteristics. All P values are two-sided. Results The learning curve for prostate Cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy was steep and did not start to plateau until a surgeon had completed approximately 250 prior operations. The predicted probabilities of recurrence at 5 years were 17.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 12.1% to 25.6%) for patients treated by surgeons with 10 prior operations and 10.7% (95% CI = 7.1% to 15.9%) for patients treated by surgeons with 250 prior operations (difference = 7.2%, 95% CI = 4.6% to 10.1%; P <.001). This finding was robust to sensitivity analysis; in particular, the results were unaffected if we restricted the sample to patients treated after 1995, when stage migration related to the advent of PSA screening appeared largely complete. Conclusions As a surgeon’s experience increases, Cancer Control after radical prostatectomy improves, presumably because of improved surgical technique. Further research is needed to examine the specific techniques used by experienced surgeons that are associated with improved outcomes.
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radical prostatectomy long term Cancer Control and recovery of sexual and urinary function trifecta
Urology, 2005Co-Authors: Fernando J Bianco, Peter T Scardino, James A EasthamAbstract:Radical prostatectomy (RP) disrupts the natural history of prostate Cancer. However, it could be a significant source of long-term incontinence and potency morbidity. We studied the long-term Cancer survival results and the probabilities of achieving ideal "trifecta" outcomes (Cancer Control, continence, and potency) after this surgical procedure. A total of 1746 intervention-naive patients with clinically localized newly diagnosed prostate Cancer underwent RP with curative intent beginning in 1983. The mean follow-up time was 6 years (interquartile range, 3-9). The successive probabilities of achieving ideal trifecta outcomes for up to 24 months following RP versus experiencing biochemical recurrence were estimated using the cumulative incidence method. Additionally, long-term Cancer Control was assessed by preoperative and postoperative factors. Surgical excision Controlled prostate Cancer effectively in 1441 (83%) of the 1746 patients studied. At 5, 10, and 15 years, respectively, 82%, 77%, and 75% of patients were free from disease progression. Cancer-specific survival was 99%, 95% and 89%, respectively, at 5, 10, and 15 years. In men with disease progression, the 15-year probabilities of death from prostate Cancer versus other causes were similar (32% and 33%, respectively). At 24 months, 60% of patients were potent, continent, and free of Cancer, and 12% had experienced recurrence. Use of RP provided excellent long-term Cancer Control. At 15 years, only 11% of patients had died of prostate Cancer. Cancer Control was good even for patients with adverse prognostic features. The probability of death from Cancer was similar to other causes after disease progression. By 2 years, 60% of men were continent, potent, and Cancer free.
Frank M Perna - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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skin Cancer interventions across the Cancer Control continuum review of technology environment and theory
Preventive Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Jennifer M Taber, Barbra A Dickerman, Jeanphillip Okhovat, Alan C Geller, Laura A Dwyer, Anne M Hartman, Frank M PernaAbstract:The National Cancer Institute's Skin Cancer Intervention across the Cancer Control Continuum model was developed to summarize research and identify gaps concerning skin Cancer interventions. We conducted a mapping review to characterize whether behavioral interventions addressing skin Cancer prevention and Control from 2000 to 2015 included (1) technology, (2) environmental manipulations (policy and/or built environment), and (3) a theoretical basis. We included 86 studies with a randomized Controlled or quasi-experimental design that targeted behavioral intervention in skin Cancer for children and/or adults; seven of these were dissemination or implementation studies. Of the interventions described in the remaining 79 articles, 57 promoted only prevention behaviors (e.g., ultraviolet radiation protection), five promoted only detection (e.g., skin examinations), 10 promoted both prevention and detection, and seven focused on survivorship. Of the 79 non-dissemination studies, two-thirds used some type of technology (n=52; 65.8%). Technology specific to skin Cancer was infrequently used: UVR photography was used in 15.2% of studies (n=12), reflectance spectroscopy was used in 12.7% (n=10), and dermatoscopes (n=1) and dosimeters (n=2) were each used in less than 3%. Ten studies (12.7%) targeted the built environment. Fifty-two (65.8%) of the studies included theory-based interventions. The most common theories were Social Cognitive Theory (n=20; 25.3%), Health Belief Model (n=17; 21.5%), and the Theory of Planned Behavior/Reasoned Action (n=12; 15.2%). Results suggest that skin Cancer specific technology and environmental manipulations are underutilized in skin Cancer behavioral interventions. We discuss implications of these results for researchers developing skin Cancer behavioral interventions.
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research on skin Cancer related behaviors and outcomes in the nih grant portfolio 2000 2014 skin Cancer intervention across the Cancer Control continuum sci 3c
JAMA Dermatology, 2017Co-Authors: Frank M Perna, Jennifer M Taber, Laura A Dwyer, Anne M Hartman, Gina Tesauro, Wynne E Norton, Alan C GellerAbstract:Importance The Surgeon General’s Call to Action to Prevent Skin Cancer broadly identified research gaps, but specific objectives are needed to further behavioral intervention research. Objective To review National Institute of Health (NIH) grants targeting skin Cancer–related behaviors and relevant outcomes. Design, Setting, and Participants A portfolio analysis of the title, abstract, specific aims, and research plans of identified grant applications from 2000 to 2014 targeting skin Cancer–related behaviors or testing behavioral intervention effects on Cancer-relevant outcomes along the Cancer continuum. Main Outcomes and Measures Funding trends were compared along the Cancer Control continuum, with respect to investigator demographics and use of theory, technology, policy, and changes to environmental surroundings (built environment). Results A total of 112 submitted applications met inclusion criteria; of these, 40 (35.7%) were funded, and 31 of the 40 were interventions. Comparing the 40 funded grants with the 72 unfunded grants, the overall success rates did not differ significantly between male (33.3%) and female (37.3%) investigators, nor did the frequency of R01 awards (36.7% and 28.1%, respectively). Among intervention awards, most (24 of 31) addressed prevention. Fewer awards targeted detection alone or in conjunction with prevention (3) or Cancer survivorship (4), and no grant addressed emotional sequelae or adherence behavior related to diagnosis or treatment. Fewer than half of funded grants aimed for clinically related targets (eg, sunburn reduction). Use of theory and technology occurred in more than 75% of grants. However, the full capability of proposed technology was infrequently used, and rarely did constructs of the proposed behavior change theory clearly and comprehensively drive the intervention approach. Policy or environmental manipulation was present in all dissemination grants but was rarely used elsewhere, and 19.4% included policy implementation and 25.8% proposed changes in built environment. Conclusions and Relevance Grant success rate in skin Cancer–related behavioral science compares favorably to the overall NIH grant success rate (approximately 18%), and the success rate of male and female investigators was not statistically different. However, gaps exist in behavioral research addressing all points of the skin Cancer Control continuum, measuring interventions that hit clinically related targets, and leveraging technology, theory, and environmental manipulation to optimize intervention approach.
Karin Haustermans - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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assessing the optimal timing for early salvage radiation therapy in patients with prostate specific antigen rise after radical prostatectomy
European Urology, 2016Co-Authors: Nicola Fossati, Stephen A Boorjian, Jeffrey R Karnes, Steven Joniau, C Cozzarini, Wolfgang Hinkelbein, Giorgio Gandaglia, C Fiorino, Gregor Goldner, Karin HaustermansAbstract:Abstract Background Early salvage radiation therapy (eSRT) represents a treatment option for patients who experience a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) rise after radical prostatectomy (RP); however, the optimal PSA level for eSRT administration is still unclear. Objective To test the impact of PSA level on Cancer Control after eSRT according to pathologic tumour characteristics. Design, setting, and participants The study included 716 node-negative patients with undetectable postoperative PSA who experienced a PSA rise after RP. All patients received eSRT, defined as local radiation to the prostate and seminal vesicle bed, delivered at PSA ≤0.5 ng/ml. Biochemical recurrence (BCR) after eSRT was defined as two consecutive PSA values ≥0.2 ng/ml. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis Multivariable Cox regression analysis tested the association between pre-eSRT PSA level and BCR after eSRT. Covariates consisted of pathologic stage (pT2 vs pT3a vs pT3b or higher), pathologic Gleason score (≤6, 7, or ≥8), and surgical margin status (negative vs positive). We tested an interaction with PSA level and baseline pathologic risk for the hypothesis that BCR-free survival differed by pre-eSRT PSA level. Three pathologic risk factors were identified: pathologic stage pT3b or higher, pathologic Gleason score ≥8, and negative surgical margins. Results and limitations Median follow-up among patients who did not experience BCR after eSRT was 57 mo (interquartile range: 27–105). At 5 yr after eSRT, BCR-free survival rate was 82% (95% confidence interval [CI], 78–85). At multivariable Cox regression analysis, pre-eSRT PSA level was significantly associated with BCR after eSRT (hazard ratio: 4.89; 95% CI, 1.40–22.9; p Conclusions In this retrospective study, Cancer Control after eSRT greatly depended on pretreatment PSA. The absolute PSA level had a different prognostic value depending on the pathologic characteristics of the tumour. In patients with more adverse pathologic features, eSRT conferred better Cancer Control when administered at the very first sign of PSA rise. Conversely, the benefit of eSRT was less evident in men with favourable disease at RP. Patient summary In this retrospective study, Cancer Control after early salvage radiation therapy (eSRT) was influenced by pretreatment prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level. This effect was highest in men with at least two of the following pathologic features: pT3b/pT4 disease, pathologic Gleason score ≥8, and negative surgical margins. In these patients, eSRT conferred better Cancer Control when administered at the very first sign of PSA rise.
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early salvage radiation therapy does not compromise Cancer Control in patients with pt3n0 prostate Cancer after radical prostatectomy results of a match Controlled multi institutional analysis
European Urology, 2012Co-Authors: Alberto Briganti, Maxine Sun, Thomas Wiegel, Steven Joniau, C Cozzarini, Marco Bianchi, Bertrand Tombal, Karin Haustermans, Tom Budiharto, Wolfgang HinkelbeinAbstract:Background: Previous randomised trials demonstrated that adjuvant radiation therapy (aRT) improves Cancer Control in patients with pT3 prostate Cancer (PCa). However, there is currently no evidence supporting early salvage radiation therapy (eSRT) as equivalent to aRT in improving freedom from biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP). Objective: To evaluate BCR-free survival for aRT versus observation followed by eSRT in cases of relapse in patients undergoing RP for pT3pN0, R0–R1 PCa. Design, setting, and participants: Using a European multi-institutional cohort, 890 men with pT3pN0, R0–R1 PCa were identified. Intervention: All patients underwent RP. Subsequently, patients were stratified into two groups: aRT versus initial observation followed by eSRT in cases of relapse. Outcome measurements and statistical analyses: Propensity-matched analysis was employed, and patients were stratified into two groups: aRT versus observation and eventual eSRT, defined as RT given at a postoperative serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) � 0.5 ng/ml at least 6 mo after RP. BCR, defined as PSA >0.20 ng/ml and rising after administration of RT, was compared between aRT and initial observation followed by eSRT in cases of relapse using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression methods. Results and limitations: Overall, 390 (43.8%) and 500 (56.2%) patients were treated with aRT and initial observation, respectively. Within the latter group, 225 (45.0%) patients experienced BCR and underwent eSRT. In the postpropensity-matched cohort, the 2- and 5-yr BCR-free survival rates were 91.4% and 78.4% in aRT versus 92.8% and 81.8% in patients who underwent initial observation and eSRT in cases of relapse, respectively ( p = 0.9). No differences in the 2- and 5-yr BCR-free survival rates were found, even when patients were stratified according to pT3 substage and surgical margin status (all p � 0.4). These findings were also confirmed in multivariable analyses ( p = 0.6). Similar results were achieved when the cut-off to define eSRT was set at 0.3 ng/ml (all p � 0.5). y
Freddie Bray - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the role and utility of population based Cancer registries in cervical Cancer surveillance and Control
Preventive Medicine, 2021Co-Authors: Marion Pineros, Mona Saraiya, Iacopo Baussano, Maxime Bonjour, Ann Chao, Freddie BrayAbstract:Population-based Cancer registries (PBCR) are vital to the assessment of the Cancer burden and in monitoring and evaluating national progress in cervical Cancer surveillance and Control. Yet the level of their development in countries exhibiting the highest cervical Cancer incidence rates is suboptimal, and requires considerable investment if they are to document the impact of WHO global initiative to eliminate cervical Cancer as a public health problem. As a starting point we propose a comprehensive Cancer surveillance framework, positioning PBCR in relation to other health information systems that are required across the Cancer Control continuum. The key concepts of PBCR are revisited and their role in providing a situation analysis of the scale and profile of the Cancer-specific incidence and survival, and their evolution over time is illustrated with specific examples. Linking cervical Cancer data to screening and immunization information systems enables the development of a comprehensive set of measures capable of assessing the short- and long-term achievements and impact of the initiative. Such data form the basis of national and global estimates of the Cancer burden and permit comparisons across countries, facilitating decision-making or triggering Cancer Control action. The initiation and sustainable development of PBCR must be an early step in the scale-up of cervical Cancer Control activities as a means to ensure progress is successfully monitored and appraised.
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essential tnm a means to collect stage data in population based registries in low and middle income countries
Journal of Global Oncology, 2018Co-Authors: James Brierley, Freddie Bray, Ariana Znaor, Marion Pineros, M Ervick, M Parkin, Brian Osullivan, K Ward, Mary GospodarowiczAbstract:Background and context: Cancer Control requires knowledge of Cancer incidence. Information on anatomic extent of disease (stage) at presentation significantly enhances incidence and mortality data in understanding the Cancer burden. The most frequently used staging classification of Cancer disease extent is the tumor, node, metastases (TNM). Population-based registries (PBCR) in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) frequently have insufficient information to derive complete TNM data, either because of inability to perform the necessary evaluations or because of a lack of recorded information. Aim: To develop a simplified system of recording extent of disease to facilitate the collection of stage data by PBCR and enhance the utility of data to facilitate Cancer Control in LMICs. Strategy/Tactics: A working group with representatives from the UICC (Union for International Cancer Control), the IARC (International Agency for Cancer Research), IACR (International Association of Cancer Registries) and the NC...
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Cancer incidence and Cancer Control in mongolia results from the national Cancer registry 2008 12
International Journal of Cancer, 2017Co-Authors: Tuvshinjargal Chimed, Tuvshingerel Sandagdorj, Ariana Znaor, Mathieu Laversanne, Badamsuren Tseveen, Purevsuren Genden, Freddie BrayAbstract:Mongolia has a high burden from noncommunicable diseases, with Cancer now the second leading cause of mortality. Given the paucity of situation analyses from the country, this study reports Cancer data based on new cases 2008-12 from the National Cancer Registry of Mongolia covering the entire population (2.87 million). New Cancer cases of 21,564 were diagnosed over the 5-year period, with a slight predominance of cases (52%) in men. Liver Cancer was the leading Cancer site in both sexes (ASRs of 114.7 and 74.6 per 100,000 males and females), and responsible for almost two-fifths of all Cancer diagnoses, followed by Cancers of stomach, lung and oesophagus in men and cervix, stomach and oesophagus in women. The cumulative risk of incidence for all Cancers (27.7% and 20.8% in men and women, respectively) positions Mongolia above China (20.2% and 13.3%), below the United States (34.1% and 28.5%) and similar to Russia (26.1% and 19.1%). These figures shed light on the considerable magnitude of Cancer in the country and the large fraction of Cancers that can be prevented by lifestyle modifications and vaccine implementation. An expansion of activities of the Cancer registry and the continued development of research are necessary steps in support of national Cancer Control planning in Mongolia.
