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Klaus F Kofoed - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Cardiac Chamber volumes and left ventricular mass in people living with hiv and matched uninfected controls
    Hiv Medicine, 2020
    Co-Authors: L Krebsdemmer, Andreas Ronit, Per E Sigvardsen, A M Lebech, Jan Gerstoft, Andreas Knudsen, Andreas Fuchs, Jorgen Tobias Kuhl, Borge G Nordestgaard, Klaus F Kofoed
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVES People living with HIV (PLWH) have increased risk of cardiovascular diseases compared with uninfected populations. We assessed structural Cardiac abnormalities and their associated risk factors in well-treated PLWH and uninfected controls using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). METHODS People living with HIV and age- and sex-matched uninfected controls underwent MDCT to determine left atrial volume (LAV), left ventricular diastolic volume (LVDV), right ventricular diastolic volume (RVDV) and left ventricular mass (LVM). All outcomes were indexed to body surface area (BSA) (LAVi, LVDVi, RVDVi and LVMi). RESULTS A total of 592 PLWH and 1184 uninfected controls were included in the study. PLWH had smaller mean (SD) LAVi [40 (8) vs. 41 (9) mL/m2 ; P = 0.002] and LVDVi [61 (13) vs. 65 (14) mL/m2 ; P < 0.001] but larger RVDVi [89 (18) vs. 86 (17) mL/m2 ; P < 0.001] than uninfected controls. HIV was independently associated with 7 mL (95% CI: -10 to -3) smaller LVDV, and with 12 mL (95% CI: 8-16) larger RVDV, and 4 g (95% CI: 1-6) larger LVM after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors and BSA. Large RVDV in PLWH was not associated with obstructive lung function. CONCLUSIONS HIV was independently associated with smaller LVDV and larger RVDV and LVM. Alterations in Cardiac Chamber volumes in PLWH were mainly minor. The clinical impact of these findings is uncertain, but it seems unlikely that alterations in Cardiac Chamber volumes explain the increased burden of cardiovascular disease previously observed in PLWH.

  • left ventricular remodelling and Cardiac Chamber sizes in long term normoalbuminuric type 1 diabetes patients with and without cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy
    Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications, 2019
    Co-Authors: Henrik Oder Hjortkjaer, T Jensen, J Hilsted, Ulrik M Mogensen, Helle Corinth, Peter Rossing, Lars Kober, Klaus F Kofoed
    Abstract:

    Abstract Aims Type 1 diabetes is associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality, and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is an important CV risk factor. The study aimed to explore associations between CAN and altered Cardiac Chamber sizes in persons with type 1 diabetes. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of 71 asymptomatic, normoalbuminuric participants with long-term type 1 diabetes (39 with CAN, determined by >1 abnormal autonomic function test) examined with Cardiac multi detector computed tomography scans, which allowed measurements of left ventricular mass and all four Cardiac Chamber volumes. Cardiac Chambers were indexed according to body surface area (ml/m2 or g/m2). Results Persons with and without CAN had mean ± SD age of 57 ± 7 and 50 ± 8 years (p  Conclusions Our results suggest that impaired autonomic function may be associated with modest enlargement of ventricular volumes; this might be an early sign of progression towards heart failure.

  • Left ventricular remodelling and Cardiac Chamber sizes in long-term, normoalbuminuric type 1 diabetes patients with and without cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy.
    Journal of diabetes and its complications, 2018
    Co-Authors: Henrik Oder Hjortkjaer, T Jensen, J Hilsted, Ulrik M Mogensen, Helle Corinth, Peter Rossing, Lars Kober, Klaus F Kofoed
    Abstract:

    Type 1 diabetes is associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality, and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is an important CV risk factor. The study aimed to explore associations between CAN and altered Cardiac Chamber sizes in persons with type 1 diabetes. This was a cross-sectional study of 71 asymptomatic, normoalbuminuric participants with long-term type 1 diabetes (39 with CAN, determined by >1 abnormal autonomic function test) examined with Cardiac multi detector computed tomography scans, which allowed measurements of left ventricular mass and all four Cardiac Chamber volumes. Cardiac Chambers were indexed according to body surface area (ml/m2 or g/m2). Persons with and without CAN had mean ± SD age of 57 ± 7 and 50 ± 8 years (p < 0.001) and diabetes duration of 36 ± 11 and 32 ± 9 years (p < 0.05), respectively. Increasing autonomic dysfunction, evaluated by decrease in heart rate variability during deep breathing (in beats per minute), was associated with larger right (-0.5, 95% CI -1.0 to -0.0, p < 0.05) and trend towards larger left (-0.4, 95% CI -0.8-0.0, p < 0.1) ventricular volumes in multivariable linear regression. Our results suggest that impaired autonomic function may be associated with modest enlargement of ventricular volumes; this might be an early sign of progression towards heart failure. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  • normal values of left ventricular mass and Cardiac Chamber volumes assessed by 320 detector computed tomography angiography in the copenhagen general population study
    European Journal of Echocardiography, 2016
    Co-Authors: Andreas Fuchs, Lars Kober, Borge G Nordestgaard, Mads Rams Mejdahl, Tobias J Kuhl, Zara R Stisen, Emma Julia P Nilsson, Klaus F Kofoed
    Abstract:

    Aims Normal values of left ventricular mass (LVM) and Cardiac Chamber sizes are prerequisites for the diagnosis of individuals with heart disease. LVM and Cardiac Chamber sizes may be recorded during Cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA), and thus modality specific normal values are needed. Methods and results We studied 569 healthy subjects undergoing 320-detector CCTA as a part of the Copenhagen General Population Study. LVM as well as ventricular and atrial volumes was assessed with semi-automated software stratified by gender and age decades and indexed by body surface area (BSA). Mean age was 55 (range: 40–84) years, and 188 (33%) were men. BSA-indexed 97.5th percentile cut-off values: LVM = 80 and 65 gr/m2, left ventricular volume = 97 and 83 mL/m2, right ventricular volume = 120 and 102 mL/m2, left atrial volume = 60 and 57 mL/m2, and right atrial volume = 85 and 73 mL/m2 for men and women, respectively. Men had greater absolute and indexed LVM and Chamber volumes than women. For both genders, indexed ventricular volumes declined, whereas indexed atrial volumes increased in advancing age groups. For men, indexed LVM declined in advancing age groups. In multivariate analyses, gender, BSA, systolic blood pressure, and hard physical activity accounted for 63% of variance in LVM. Conclusion In this cross-sectional general population study, men have greater indexed LVM and Chamber volumes than women, and Cardiac indexed volumes vary between age groups in both genders. These findings demonstrate the need for age- and gender-specific normal values for clinical diagnostic purposes.

  • Normal values of left ventricular mass and Cardiac Chamber volumes assessed by 320-detector computed tomography angiography in the Copenhagen General Population Study
    European heart journal cardiovascular Imaging, 2016
    Co-Authors: Andreas Fuchs, Lars Kober, Borge G Nordestgaard, Mads Rams Mejdahl, Zara R Stisen, Emma Julia P Nilsson, J. Tobias Kühl, Klaus F Kofoed
    Abstract:

    Normal values of left ventricular mass (LVM) and Cardiac Chamber sizes are prerequisites for the diagnosis of individuals with heart disease. LVM and Cardiac Chamber sizes may be recorded during Cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA), and thus modality specific normal values are needed. We studied 569 healthy subjects undergoing 320-detector CCTA as a part of the Copenhagen General Population Study. LVM as well as ventricular and atrial volumes was assessed with semi-automated software stratified by gender and age decades and indexed by body surface area (BSA). Mean age was 55 (range: 40-84) years, and 188 (33%) were men. BSA-indexed 97.5th percentile cut-off values: LVM = 80 and 65 gr/m(2), left ventricular volume = 97 and 83 mL/m(2), right ventricular volume = 120 and 102 mL/m(2), left atrial volume = 60 and 57 mL/m(2), and right atrial volume = 85 and 73 mL/m(2) for men and women, respectively. Men had greater absolute and indexed LVM and Chamber volumes than women. For both genders, indexed ventricular volumes declined, whereas indexed atrial volumes increased in advancing age groups. For men, indexed LVM declined in advancing age groups. In multivariate analyses, gender, BSA, systolic blood pressure, and hard physical activity accounted for 63% of variance in LVM. In this cross-sectional general population study, men have greater indexed LVM and Chamber volumes than women, and Cardiac indexed volumes vary between age groups in both genders. These findings demonstrate the need for age- and gender-specific normal values for clinical diagnostic purposes. Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2016. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Haiwei H Guo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • identification of pulmonary hypertension caused by left sided heart disease world health organization group 2 based on Cardiac Chamber volumes derived from chest ct imaging
    Chest, 2017
    Co-Authors: Galit Aviram, Zach Rozenbaum, Tomer Zivbaran, Shlomo Berliner, Yan Topilsky, Dominik Fleischmann, Yon K Sung, Roham T Zamanian, Haiwei H Guo
    Abstract:

    Background Evaluations of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) commonly include chest CT imaging. We hypothesized that Cardiac Chamber volumes calculated from the same CT scans can yield additional information to distinguish PH related to left-sided heart disease (World Health Organization group 2) from other PH subtypes. Methods Patients who had PH confirmed by right heart catheterization and contrast-enhanced chest CT studies were enrolled in this retrospective multicenter study. Cardiac Chamber volumes were calculated using automated segmentation software and compared between group 2 and non-group 2 patients with PH. Results This study included 114 patients with PH, 27 (24%) of whom were classified as group 2 based on their pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. Patients with group 2 PH exhibited significantly larger median left atrial (LA) volumes (118 mL vs 63 mL; P P  = .02), and smaller median right ventricular (RV) volumes (173 mL vs 210 mL; P  = .005) than did non-group 2 patients. On multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, and mean pulmonary arterial pressure, group 2 PH was significantly associated with larger median LA and LV volumes ( P P  = .008, respectively) and decreased volume ratios of RA/LA, RV/LV, and RV/LA ( P  = .001, P  = .004, and P Conclusions Volumetric analysis of the Cardiac Chambers from nongated chest CT scans, particularly with findings of an enlarged left atrium, exhibited high discriminatory ability for identifying patients with PH due to left-sided heart disease.

  • Identification of Pulmonary Hypertension Caused by Left-Sided Heart Disease (World Health Organization Group 2) Based on Cardiac Chamber Volumes Derived From Chest CT Imaging.
    Chest, 2017
    Co-Authors: Galit Aviram, Zach Rozenbaum, Shlomo Berliner, Yan Topilsky, Dominik Fleischmann, Yon K Sung, Roham T Zamanian, Tomer Ziv-baran, Haiwei H Guo
    Abstract:

    Evaluations of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) commonly include chest CT imaging. We hypothesized that Cardiac Chamber volumes calculated from the same CT scans can yield additional information to distinguish PH related to left-sided heart disease (World Health Organization group 2) from other PH subtypes. Patients who had PH confirmed by right heart catheterization and contrast-enhanced chest CT studies were enrolled in this retrospective multicenter study. Cardiac Chamber volumes were calculated using automated segmentation software and compared between group 2 and non-group 2 patients with PH. This study included 114 patients with PH, 27 (24%) of whom were classified as group 2 based on their pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. Patients with group 2 PH exhibited significantly larger median left atrial (LA) volumes (118 mL vs 63 mL; P < .001), larger median left ventricular (LV) volumes (90 mL vs 76 mL; P = .02), and smaller median right ventricular (RV) volumes (173 mL vs 210 mL; P = .005) than did non-group 2 patients. On multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, and mean pulmonary arterial pressure, group 2 PH was significantly associated with larger median LA and LV volumes (P < .001 and P = .008, respectively) and decreased volume ratios of RA/LA, RV/LV, and RV/LA (P = .001, P = .004, and P < .001, respectively). Enlarged LA volumes demonstrated a high discriminatory ability for group 2 PH (area under the curve, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.870-0.968). Volumetric analysis of the Cardiac Chambers from nongated chest CT scans, particularly with findings of an enlarged left atrium, exhibited high discriminatory ability for identifying patients with PH due to left-sided heart disease. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Deborah Yelon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Pathways Regulating Establishment and Maintenance of Cardiac Chamber Identity in Zebrafish.
    Journal of cardiovascular development and disease, 2021
    Co-Authors: Yao Yao, Amanda N. Marra, Deborah Yelon
    Abstract:

    The vertebrate heart is comprised of two types of Chambers—ventricles and atria—that have unique morphological and physiological properties. Effective Cardiac function depends upon the distinct characteristics of ventricular and atrial cardiomyocytes, raising interest in the genetic pathways that regulate Chamber-specific traits. Chamber identity seems to be specified in the early embryo by signals that establish ventricular and atrial progenitor populations and trigger distinct differentiation pathways. Intriguingly, Chamber-specific features appear to require active reinforcement, even after myocardial differentiation is underway, suggesting plasticity of Chamber identity within the developing heart. Here, we review the utility of the zebrafish as a model organism for studying the mechanisms that establish and maintain Cardiac Chamber identity. By combining genetic and embryological approaches, work in zebrafish has revealed multiple players with potent influences on Chamber fate specification and commitment. Going forward, analysis of cardiomyocyte identity at the single-cell level is likely to yield a high-resolution understanding of the pathways that link the relevant players together, and these insights will have the potential to inform future strategies in Cardiac tissue engineering.

  • FGF signaling enforces Cardiac Chamber identity in the developing ventricle.
    Development (Cambridge England), 2017
    Co-Authors: Arjana Pradhan, Neil C. Chi, Xin-xin I. Zeng, Pragya Sidhwani, Sara R. Marques, Vanessa George, Kimara L. Targoff, Deborah Yelon
    Abstract:

    Atrial and ventricular Cardiac Chambers behave as distinct subunits with unique morphological, electrophysiological and contractile properties. Despite the importance of Chamber-specific features, Chamber fate assignments remain relatively plastic, even after differentiation is underway. In zebrafish, Nkx transcription factors are essential for the maintenance of ventricular characteristics, but the signaling pathways that operate upstream of Nkx factors in this context are not well understood. Here, we show that FGF signaling plays an essential part in enforcing ventricular identity. Loss of FGF signaling results in a gradual accumulation of atrial cells, a corresponding loss of ventricular cells, and the appearance of ectopic atrial gene expression within the ventricle. These phenotypes reflect important roles for FGF signaling in promoting ventricular traits, both in early-differentiating cells that form the initial ventricle and in late-differentiating cells that append to its arterial pole. Moreover, we find that FGF signaling functions upstream of Nkx genes to inhibit ectopic atrial gene expression. Together, our data suggest a model in which sustained FGF signaling acts to suppress cardiomyocyte plasticity and to preserve the integrity of the ventricular Chamber.

  • Organization of Cardiac Chamber progenitors in the zebrafish blastula
    Development (Cambridge England), 2004
    Co-Authors: Brian R. Keegan, Dirk Meyer, Deborah Yelon
    Abstract:

    Organogenesis requires the specification of a variety of cell types and the organization of these cells into a particular three-dimensional configuration. The embryonic vertebrate heart is organized into two major Chambers, the ventricle and atrium, each consisting of two tissue layers, the myocardium and endocardium. The cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for the separation of ventricular and atrial lineages are not well understood. To test models of Cardiac Chamber specification, we generated a high-resolution fate map of Cardiac Chamber progenitors in the zebrafish embryo at 40% epiboly, a stage prior to the initiation of gastrulation. Our map reveals a distinct spatial organization of myocardial progenitors: ventricular myocardial progenitors are positioned closer to the margin and to the dorsal midline than are atrial myocardial progenitors. By contrast, ventricular and atrial endocardial progenitors are not spatially organized at this stage. The relative orientations of ventricular and atrial myocardial progenitors before and after gastrulation suggest orderly movements of these populations. Furthermore, the initial positions of myocardial progenitors at 40% epiboly indicate that signals residing at the embryonic margin could influence Chamber fate assignment. Indeed, via fate mapping, we demonstrate that Nodal signaling promotes ventricular fate specification near the margin, thereby playing an important early role during myocardial patterning.

  • Vertebrate organogenesis: getting the heart into shape.
    Current biology : CB, 2004
    Co-Authors: Heidi J Auman, Deborah Yelon
    Abstract:

    Recent mutant analysis in zebrafish points to an important role for oriented cell division in Cardiac Chamber formation and reveals its molecular control by a novel signal from the heart's interior.

  • Patterning during organogenesis: genetic analysis of Cardiac Chamber formation.
    Seminars in cell & developmental biology, 1999
    Co-Authors: Deborah Yelon, Didier Y.r. Stainier
    Abstract:

    A classical genetic approach, in which mutagenized organisms are screened for phenotypes of interest, is appealing for the analysis of developmental processes. Here, we describe the advantages of zebrafish genetics for the study of heart development. As an example of the utility of this strategy, we discuss its potential to illuminate the molecular mechanisms of Cardiac Chamber formation. The signals that specify ventricular and atrial lineages and the differentiation pathways that produce distinct Chambers are poorly understood. Recently identified zebrafish mutations that disrupt ventricular or atrial development promise to reveal genes essential for these processes.

Minoru Yoshiyama - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pocket sized transthoracic echocardiography device for the measurement of Cardiac Chamber size and function
    Circulation, 2009
    Co-Authors: Shota Fukuda, Kenei Shimada, Toshihiro Kawasaki, Hiromi Fujimoto, Kumiko Maeda, Hitoshi Inanami, K Yoshida, Satoshi Jissho, Haruyuki Taguchi, Minoru Yoshiyama
    Abstract:

    Background: A pocket-sized portable transthoracic echocardiographic (pTTE) imaging device is commercially available, but its feasibility and accuracy in the assessment of Cardiac Chamber size and function has not been fully compared with the results of standard TTE (sTTE) examination. Methods and Results: The target population comprised 125 unselected patients who underwent sTTE and pTTE examinations. The left ventricular (LV) diastolic and systolic dimensions, fractional shortening (FS), the thickness of the interventricular septum (IVS) and of the LV posterior wall (PWT), left atrial (LA) dimension, and ascending aorta diameter were measured. Echocardiographic measurements were completed for both pTTE and sTTE in all patients (feasibility 100%). LV dimensions, FS, IVS, PWT, LA dimension, and aorta diameter obtained by pTTE showed excellent correlation and agreement with sTTE (r=0.87-0.98, all P<0.001). Observer variabilities for these measurements were similar between pTTE and sTTE. Conclusions: In the present study, pTTE with the Acuson P10 was feasible and accurate for assessing Cardiac Chamber size and function. (Circ J 2009; 73: 1092-1096)

  • Pocket-sized transthoracic echocardiography device for the measurement of Cardiac Chamber size and function.
    Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society, 2009
    Co-Authors: Shota Fukuda, Kenei Shimada, Toshihiro Kawasaki, Hiromi Fujimoto, Kumiko Maeda, Hitoshi Inanami, K Yoshida, Satoshi Jissho, Haruyuki Taguchi, Minoru Yoshiyama
    Abstract:

    Background: A pocket-sized portable transthoracic echocardiographic (pTTE) imaging device is commercially available, but its feasibility and accuracy in the assessment of Cardiac Chamber size and function has not been fully compared with the results of standard TTE (sTTE) examination. Methods and Results: The target population comprised 125 unselected patients who underwent sTTE and pTTE examinations. The left ventricular (LV) diastolic and systolic dimensions, fractional shortening (FS), the thickness of the interventricular septum (IVS) and of the LV posterior wall (PWT), left atrial (LA) dimension, and ascending aorta diameter were measured. Echocardiographic measurements were completed for both pTTE and sTTE in all patients (feasibility 100%). LV dimensions, FS, IVS, PWT, LA dimension, and aorta diameter obtained by pTTE showed excellent correlation and agreement with sTTE (r=0.87-0.98, all P

Galit Aviram - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • identification of pulmonary hypertension caused by left sided heart disease world health organization group 2 based on Cardiac Chamber volumes derived from chest ct imaging
    Chest, 2017
    Co-Authors: Galit Aviram, Zach Rozenbaum, Tomer Zivbaran, Shlomo Berliner, Yan Topilsky, Dominik Fleischmann, Yon K Sung, Roham T Zamanian, Haiwei H Guo
    Abstract:

    Background Evaluations of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) commonly include chest CT imaging. We hypothesized that Cardiac Chamber volumes calculated from the same CT scans can yield additional information to distinguish PH related to left-sided heart disease (World Health Organization group 2) from other PH subtypes. Methods Patients who had PH confirmed by right heart catheterization and contrast-enhanced chest CT studies were enrolled in this retrospective multicenter study. Cardiac Chamber volumes were calculated using automated segmentation software and compared between group 2 and non-group 2 patients with PH. Results This study included 114 patients with PH, 27 (24%) of whom were classified as group 2 based on their pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. Patients with group 2 PH exhibited significantly larger median left atrial (LA) volumes (118 mL vs 63 mL; P P  = .02), and smaller median right ventricular (RV) volumes (173 mL vs 210 mL; P  = .005) than did non-group 2 patients. On multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, and mean pulmonary arterial pressure, group 2 PH was significantly associated with larger median LA and LV volumes ( P P  = .008, respectively) and decreased volume ratios of RA/LA, RV/LV, and RV/LA ( P  = .001, P  = .004, and P Conclusions Volumetric analysis of the Cardiac Chambers from nongated chest CT scans, particularly with findings of an enlarged left atrium, exhibited high discriminatory ability for identifying patients with PH due to left-sided heart disease.

  • Identification of Pulmonary Hypertension Caused by Left-Sided Heart Disease (World Health Organization Group 2) Based on Cardiac Chamber Volumes Derived From Chest CT Imaging.
    Chest, 2017
    Co-Authors: Galit Aviram, Zach Rozenbaum, Shlomo Berliner, Yan Topilsky, Dominik Fleischmann, Yon K Sung, Roham T Zamanian, Tomer Ziv-baran, Haiwei H Guo
    Abstract:

    Evaluations of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) commonly include chest CT imaging. We hypothesized that Cardiac Chamber volumes calculated from the same CT scans can yield additional information to distinguish PH related to left-sided heart disease (World Health Organization group 2) from other PH subtypes. Patients who had PH confirmed by right heart catheterization and contrast-enhanced chest CT studies were enrolled in this retrospective multicenter study. Cardiac Chamber volumes were calculated using automated segmentation software and compared between group 2 and non-group 2 patients with PH. This study included 114 patients with PH, 27 (24%) of whom were classified as group 2 based on their pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. Patients with group 2 PH exhibited significantly larger median left atrial (LA) volumes (118 mL vs 63 mL; P < .001), larger median left ventricular (LV) volumes (90 mL vs 76 mL; P = .02), and smaller median right ventricular (RV) volumes (173 mL vs 210 mL; P = .005) than did non-group 2 patients. On multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, and mean pulmonary arterial pressure, group 2 PH was significantly associated with larger median LA and LV volumes (P < .001 and P = .008, respectively) and decreased volume ratios of RA/LA, RV/LV, and RV/LA (P = .001, P = .004, and P < .001, respectively). Enlarged LA volumes demonstrated a high discriminatory ability for group 2 PH (area under the curve, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.870-0.968). Volumetric analysis of the Cardiac Chambers from nongated chest CT scans, particularly with findings of an enlarged left atrium, exhibited high discriminatory ability for identifying patients with PH due to left-sided heart disease. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Inc.