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Jagat Narula - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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emerging trends in Cardiovascular Flow visualization consensus statement from an international forum on Cardiovascular fluid mechanics
Jacc-cardiovascular Imaging, 2012Co-Authors: Arash Kheradvar, Partho P Sengupta, Gianni Pedrizzetti, Philip J Kilner, Tino Ebbers, Giovanni Tonti, Alan G Fraser, Jagat NarulaAbstract:JACC: Cardiovascular IMAGING VOL. 5, NO. 3, 2012 © 2012 BY THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY FOUNDATION PUBLISHED BY ELSEVIER INC. ISSN 1936-878X/$36.00 DOI:10.1016/j.jcmg.2012.01.003 STATE-OF-THE-ART PAPER Emerging Trends in CV Flow Visualization Partho P. Sengupta, MD, DM,* Gianni Pedrizzetti, P H D,† Philip J. Kilner, MD‡ Arash Kheradvar, MD, P H D,§ Tino Ebbers, P H D,储 Giovanni Tonti, MD,¶ Alan G. Fraser, MB,# Jagat Narula, MD, P H D* New York, New York; Trieste, Italy; London, United Kingdom; Irvine, California; Linkoping, Sweden; Sulmona (AQ), Italy; and Cardiff, United Kingdom JACC: Cardiovascular IMAGING CME CME Editor: Ragaven Baliga, MD This article has been selected as this issue’s CME activity, available online at www.imaging.onlinejacc.org by select- ing the CME tab on the top navigation bar. Accreditation and Designation Statement The American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF) is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to provide continuing medical education for physicians. The ACCF designates this Journal-based CME ac- tivity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Cred- it(s)™. Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. Method of Participation and Receipt of CME Certificate To obtain credit for this CME activity, you must: 1. Be an ACC member or JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging subscriber 2. Carefully read the CME-designated article avail- able online and in this issue of the journal. 3. Answer the post-test questions. At least two out of the three questions provided must be answered correctly to obtain CME credit. 4. Complete a brief evaluation. 5. Claim your CME credit and receive your certif- icate electronically by following the instructions given at the conclusion of the activity. CME Objective for This Article: At the end of this activity the reader should be able to: 1) understand relevant concepts in cardiac fluid mechanics, including the emergence of rotation in flow and the variables that delineate vortical structures; 2) elaborate on the main methods developed to image and visualize multidirec- tional Cardiovascular flow; 3) develop dedicated imaging protocols for particle imaging velocimetry; and 4) discuss the potential clinical applications and technical challenges of determining multidirectional Cardiovascular flow. CME Editor Disclosure: JACC: Cardiovascular Im- aging CME Editor Ragaven Baliga, MD, has re- ported that he has no relationships to disclose. Author Disclosure: Dr. Kilner is supported by the British Heart Foundation and by the NIHR Cardio- vascular Biomedical Research Unit of Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust and Imperial College, London, United Kingdom. Dr. Fraser has received research support from Hitachi-Aloka. All other authors have reported that they have no relation- ships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose. Medium of Participation: Print (article only); on- line (article and quiz). CME Term of Approval: Issue Date: March, 2012 Expiration Date: February 28, 2013 From the *Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; †University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; ‡Royal Brompton Hospital and Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; §University of California Irvine, Irvine, California; 储Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden; ¶SS Annunziata Hospital, Sulmona (AQ), Italy; and the #Wales Heart Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom. Dr. Kilner is supported by the British Heart Foundation and by the NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit of Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust and Imperial College, London, United Kingdom. Dr. Fraser has received research support from Hitachi-Aloka. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose. Manuscript received November 29, 2011; revised manuscript received January 6, 2012, accepted January 9, 2012.
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emerging trends in cv Flow visualization
Jacc-cardiovascular Imaging, 2012Co-Authors: Partho P Sengupta, Arash Kheradvar, Gianni Pedrizzetti, Philip J Kilner, Tino Ebbers, Giovanni Tonti, Alan G Fraser, Jagat NarulaAbstract:Blood Flow patterns are closely linked to the morphology and function of the Cardiovascular system. These patterns reflect the exceptional adaptability of the Cardiovascular system to maintain normal blood circulation under a wide range of workloads. Accurate retrieval and display of Flow-related information remains a challenge because of the processes involved in mapping the Flow velocity fields within specific chambers of the heart. We review the potentials and pitfalls of current approaches for blood Flow visualization, with an emphasis on acquisition, display, and analysis of multidirectional Flow. This document is divided into 3 sections. First, we provide a descriptive outline of the relevant concepts in cardiac fluid mechanics, including the emergence of rotation in Flow and the variables that delineate vortical structures. Second, we elaborate on the main methods developed to image and visualize multidirectional Cardiovascular Flow, which are mainly based on cardiac magnetic resonance, ultrasound Doppler, and contrast particle imaging velocimetry, with recommendations for developing dedicated imaging protocols. Finally, we discuss the potential clinical applications and technical challenges with suggestions for further investigations.
Philip J Kilner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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emerging trends in Cardiovascular Flow visualization consensus statement from an international forum on Cardiovascular fluid mechanics
Jacc-cardiovascular Imaging, 2012Co-Authors: Arash Kheradvar, Partho P Sengupta, Gianni Pedrizzetti, Philip J Kilner, Tino Ebbers, Giovanni Tonti, Alan G Fraser, Jagat NarulaAbstract:JACC: Cardiovascular IMAGING VOL. 5, NO. 3, 2012 © 2012 BY THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY FOUNDATION PUBLISHED BY ELSEVIER INC. ISSN 1936-878X/$36.00 DOI:10.1016/j.jcmg.2012.01.003 STATE-OF-THE-ART PAPER Emerging Trends in CV Flow Visualization Partho P. Sengupta, MD, DM,* Gianni Pedrizzetti, P H D,† Philip J. Kilner, MD‡ Arash Kheradvar, MD, P H D,§ Tino Ebbers, P H D,储 Giovanni Tonti, MD,¶ Alan G. Fraser, MB,# Jagat Narula, MD, P H D* New York, New York; Trieste, Italy; London, United Kingdom; Irvine, California; Linkoping, Sweden; Sulmona (AQ), Italy; and Cardiff, United Kingdom JACC: Cardiovascular IMAGING CME CME Editor: Ragaven Baliga, MD This article has been selected as this issue’s CME activity, available online at www.imaging.onlinejacc.org by select- ing the CME tab on the top navigation bar. Accreditation and Designation Statement The American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF) is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to provide continuing medical education for physicians. The ACCF designates this Journal-based CME ac- tivity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Cred- it(s)™. Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. Method of Participation and Receipt of CME Certificate To obtain credit for this CME activity, you must: 1. Be an ACC member or JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging subscriber 2. Carefully read the CME-designated article avail- able online and in this issue of the journal. 3. Answer the post-test questions. At least two out of the three questions provided must be answered correctly to obtain CME credit. 4. Complete a brief evaluation. 5. Claim your CME credit and receive your certif- icate electronically by following the instructions given at the conclusion of the activity. CME Objective for This Article: At the end of this activity the reader should be able to: 1) understand relevant concepts in cardiac fluid mechanics, including the emergence of rotation in flow and the variables that delineate vortical structures; 2) elaborate on the main methods developed to image and visualize multidirec- tional Cardiovascular flow; 3) develop dedicated imaging protocols for particle imaging velocimetry; and 4) discuss the potential clinical applications and technical challenges of determining multidirectional Cardiovascular flow. CME Editor Disclosure: JACC: Cardiovascular Im- aging CME Editor Ragaven Baliga, MD, has re- ported that he has no relationships to disclose. Author Disclosure: Dr. Kilner is supported by the British Heart Foundation and by the NIHR Cardio- vascular Biomedical Research Unit of Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust and Imperial College, London, United Kingdom. Dr. Fraser has received research support from Hitachi-Aloka. All other authors have reported that they have no relation- ships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose. Medium of Participation: Print (article only); on- line (article and quiz). CME Term of Approval: Issue Date: March, 2012 Expiration Date: February 28, 2013 From the *Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; †University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; ‡Royal Brompton Hospital and Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; §University of California Irvine, Irvine, California; 储Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden; ¶SS Annunziata Hospital, Sulmona (AQ), Italy; and the #Wales Heart Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom. Dr. Kilner is supported by the British Heart Foundation and by the NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit of Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust and Imperial College, London, United Kingdom. Dr. Fraser has received research support from Hitachi-Aloka. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose. Manuscript received November 29, 2011; revised manuscript received January 6, 2012, accepted January 9, 2012.
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emerging trends in cv Flow visualization
Jacc-cardiovascular Imaging, 2012Co-Authors: Partho P Sengupta, Arash Kheradvar, Gianni Pedrizzetti, Philip J Kilner, Tino Ebbers, Giovanni Tonti, Alan G Fraser, Jagat NarulaAbstract:Blood Flow patterns are closely linked to the morphology and function of the Cardiovascular system. These patterns reflect the exceptional adaptability of the Cardiovascular system to maintain normal blood circulation under a wide range of workloads. Accurate retrieval and display of Flow-related information remains a challenge because of the processes involved in mapping the Flow velocity fields within specific chambers of the heart. We review the potentials and pitfalls of current approaches for blood Flow visualization, with an emphasis on acquisition, display, and analysis of multidirectional Flow. This document is divided into 3 sections. First, we provide a descriptive outline of the relevant concepts in cardiac fluid mechanics, including the emergence of rotation in Flow and the variables that delineate vortical structures. Second, we elaborate on the main methods developed to image and visualize multidirectional Cardiovascular Flow, which are mainly based on cardiac magnetic resonance, ultrasound Doppler, and contrast particle imaging velocimetry, with recommendations for developing dedicated imaging protocols. Finally, we discuss the potential clinical applications and technical challenges with suggestions for further investigations.
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time resolved three dimensional magnetic resonance velocity mapping of Cardiovascular Flow paths in volunteers and patients with fontan circulation
European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, 2011Co-Authors: Michael Markl, Philip J Kilner, Julia Geiger, Daniela Foll, Brigitte Stiller, Friedhelm Beyersdorf, Raoul Arnold, Alex FrydrychowiczAbstract:Objective:To applyFlow-sensitive magnetic resonance imagingforthe evaluationofwhole-heartFlow characteristicsin healthyvolunteersand patients with Fontan circulation. Methods: Time-resolved three-dimensional magnetic resonance velocity mapping (spatial resolution = 2.5 2.8 2.8 mm 3 , temporal resolution = 38.4 ms) was acquired in normal controls and in four Fontan patients with extracardiac total cavopulmonary connection. Data analysis included Flow connectivity mapping and Flow quantification of arterial and venous blood Flow. Haemodynamics in four patients with Fontan circulation were individually evaluated in the aorta, caval veins and left and right pulmonary arteries. Results: In four controls, nine distinct Flow features were consistently identified with good feature clarity (median = 2 in 80.6% of readings) and image quality (median = 2 in 75.0% of readings). In patients, a marked variability of Flow from the caval veins towards the left and right pulmonary arteries (Flow ratio = 1.7 0.6, range 1.2—2.6 vs 1.1 0.1 in controls) was found. Increased offset of the caval venous connection resulted in enhanced pulmonary Flow asymmetry. Compared with controls, reduced pulsatility in pulmonary arteries (1.4 0.6 vs 4.1 0.6 in controls) and caval veins (1.2 0.4 vs 2.8 1.1 in controls) were observed. PeakFlow was reducedin both superior(22 14 ml s 1 vs 76 7m l s 1 in controls) and inferior vena cava (61 28 ml s 1 vs 187 42 ml s 1 in controls). Conclusions: This feasibility study demonstrated the potential of whole-heart three-dimensional magnetic resonance velocity mapping to reveal overt haemodynamic differences in surgically palliated congenital heart with similar extracardiac cavopulmonary connection geometry. Future studies are warranted to evaluate its diagnostic impact for improved evaluation of the pre- and postoperative status in the individual patient. # 2010 European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Arash Kheradvar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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emerging trends in Cardiovascular Flow visualization consensus statement from an international forum on Cardiovascular fluid mechanics
Jacc-cardiovascular Imaging, 2012Co-Authors: Arash Kheradvar, Partho P Sengupta, Gianni Pedrizzetti, Philip J Kilner, Tino Ebbers, Giovanni Tonti, Alan G Fraser, Jagat NarulaAbstract:JACC: Cardiovascular IMAGING VOL. 5, NO. 3, 2012 © 2012 BY THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY FOUNDATION PUBLISHED BY ELSEVIER INC. ISSN 1936-878X/$36.00 DOI:10.1016/j.jcmg.2012.01.003 STATE-OF-THE-ART PAPER Emerging Trends in CV Flow Visualization Partho P. Sengupta, MD, DM,* Gianni Pedrizzetti, P H D,† Philip J. Kilner, MD‡ Arash Kheradvar, MD, P H D,§ Tino Ebbers, P H D,储 Giovanni Tonti, MD,¶ Alan G. Fraser, MB,# Jagat Narula, MD, P H D* New York, New York; Trieste, Italy; London, United Kingdom; Irvine, California; Linkoping, Sweden; Sulmona (AQ), Italy; and Cardiff, United Kingdom JACC: Cardiovascular IMAGING CME CME Editor: Ragaven Baliga, MD This article has been selected as this issue’s CME activity, available online at www.imaging.onlinejacc.org by select- ing the CME tab on the top navigation bar. Accreditation and Designation Statement The American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF) is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to provide continuing medical education for physicians. The ACCF designates this Journal-based CME ac- tivity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Cred- it(s)™. Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. Method of Participation and Receipt of CME Certificate To obtain credit for this CME activity, you must: 1. Be an ACC member or JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging subscriber 2. Carefully read the CME-designated article avail- able online and in this issue of the journal. 3. Answer the post-test questions. At least two out of the three questions provided must be answered correctly to obtain CME credit. 4. Complete a brief evaluation. 5. Claim your CME credit and receive your certif- icate electronically by following the instructions given at the conclusion of the activity. CME Objective for This Article: At the end of this activity the reader should be able to: 1) understand relevant concepts in cardiac fluid mechanics, including the emergence of rotation in flow and the variables that delineate vortical structures; 2) elaborate on the main methods developed to image and visualize multidirec- tional Cardiovascular flow; 3) develop dedicated imaging protocols for particle imaging velocimetry; and 4) discuss the potential clinical applications and technical challenges of determining multidirectional Cardiovascular flow. CME Editor Disclosure: JACC: Cardiovascular Im- aging CME Editor Ragaven Baliga, MD, has re- ported that he has no relationships to disclose. Author Disclosure: Dr. Kilner is supported by the British Heart Foundation and by the NIHR Cardio- vascular Biomedical Research Unit of Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust and Imperial College, London, United Kingdom. Dr. Fraser has received research support from Hitachi-Aloka. All other authors have reported that they have no relation- ships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose. Medium of Participation: Print (article only); on- line (article and quiz). CME Term of Approval: Issue Date: March, 2012 Expiration Date: February 28, 2013 From the *Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; †University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; ‡Royal Brompton Hospital and Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; §University of California Irvine, Irvine, California; 储Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden; ¶SS Annunziata Hospital, Sulmona (AQ), Italy; and the #Wales Heart Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom. Dr. Kilner is supported by the British Heart Foundation and by the NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit of Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust and Imperial College, London, United Kingdom. Dr. Fraser has received research support from Hitachi-Aloka. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose. Manuscript received November 29, 2011; revised manuscript received January 6, 2012, accepted January 9, 2012.
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emerging trends in cv Flow visualization
Jacc-cardiovascular Imaging, 2012Co-Authors: Partho P Sengupta, Arash Kheradvar, Gianni Pedrizzetti, Philip J Kilner, Tino Ebbers, Giovanni Tonti, Alan G Fraser, Jagat NarulaAbstract:Blood Flow patterns are closely linked to the morphology and function of the Cardiovascular system. These patterns reflect the exceptional adaptability of the Cardiovascular system to maintain normal blood circulation under a wide range of workloads. Accurate retrieval and display of Flow-related information remains a challenge because of the processes involved in mapping the Flow velocity fields within specific chambers of the heart. We review the potentials and pitfalls of current approaches for blood Flow visualization, with an emphasis on acquisition, display, and analysis of multidirectional Flow. This document is divided into 3 sections. First, we provide a descriptive outline of the relevant concepts in cardiac fluid mechanics, including the emergence of rotation in Flow and the variables that delineate vortical structures. Second, we elaborate on the main methods developed to image and visualize multidirectional Cardiovascular Flow, which are mainly based on cardiac magnetic resonance, ultrasound Doppler, and contrast particle imaging velocimetry, with recommendations for developing dedicated imaging protocols. Finally, we discuss the potential clinical applications and technical challenges with suggestions for further investigations.
Partho P Sengupta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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emerging trends in Cardiovascular Flow visualization consensus statement from an international forum on Cardiovascular fluid mechanics
Jacc-cardiovascular Imaging, 2012Co-Authors: Arash Kheradvar, Partho P Sengupta, Gianni Pedrizzetti, Philip J Kilner, Tino Ebbers, Giovanni Tonti, Alan G Fraser, Jagat NarulaAbstract:JACC: Cardiovascular IMAGING VOL. 5, NO. 3, 2012 © 2012 BY THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY FOUNDATION PUBLISHED BY ELSEVIER INC. ISSN 1936-878X/$36.00 DOI:10.1016/j.jcmg.2012.01.003 STATE-OF-THE-ART PAPER Emerging Trends in CV Flow Visualization Partho P. Sengupta, MD, DM,* Gianni Pedrizzetti, P H D,† Philip J. Kilner, MD‡ Arash Kheradvar, MD, P H D,§ Tino Ebbers, P H D,储 Giovanni Tonti, MD,¶ Alan G. Fraser, MB,# Jagat Narula, MD, P H D* New York, New York; Trieste, Italy; London, United Kingdom; Irvine, California; Linkoping, Sweden; Sulmona (AQ), Italy; and Cardiff, United Kingdom JACC: Cardiovascular IMAGING CME CME Editor: Ragaven Baliga, MD This article has been selected as this issue’s CME activity, available online at www.imaging.onlinejacc.org by select- ing the CME tab on the top navigation bar. Accreditation and Designation Statement The American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF) is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to provide continuing medical education for physicians. The ACCF designates this Journal-based CME ac- tivity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Cred- it(s)™. Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. Method of Participation and Receipt of CME Certificate To obtain credit for this CME activity, you must: 1. Be an ACC member or JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging subscriber 2. Carefully read the CME-designated article avail- able online and in this issue of the journal. 3. Answer the post-test questions. At least two out of the three questions provided must be answered correctly to obtain CME credit. 4. Complete a brief evaluation. 5. Claim your CME credit and receive your certif- icate electronically by following the instructions given at the conclusion of the activity. CME Objective for This Article: At the end of this activity the reader should be able to: 1) understand relevant concepts in cardiac fluid mechanics, including the emergence of rotation in flow and the variables that delineate vortical structures; 2) elaborate on the main methods developed to image and visualize multidirec- tional Cardiovascular flow; 3) develop dedicated imaging protocols for particle imaging velocimetry; and 4) discuss the potential clinical applications and technical challenges of determining multidirectional Cardiovascular flow. CME Editor Disclosure: JACC: Cardiovascular Im- aging CME Editor Ragaven Baliga, MD, has re- ported that he has no relationships to disclose. Author Disclosure: Dr. Kilner is supported by the British Heart Foundation and by the NIHR Cardio- vascular Biomedical Research Unit of Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust and Imperial College, London, United Kingdom. Dr. Fraser has received research support from Hitachi-Aloka. All other authors have reported that they have no relation- ships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose. Medium of Participation: Print (article only); on- line (article and quiz). CME Term of Approval: Issue Date: March, 2012 Expiration Date: February 28, 2013 From the *Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; †University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; ‡Royal Brompton Hospital and Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; §University of California Irvine, Irvine, California; 储Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden; ¶SS Annunziata Hospital, Sulmona (AQ), Italy; and the #Wales Heart Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom. Dr. Kilner is supported by the British Heart Foundation and by the NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit of Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust and Imperial College, London, United Kingdom. Dr. Fraser has received research support from Hitachi-Aloka. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose. Manuscript received November 29, 2011; revised manuscript received January 6, 2012, accepted January 9, 2012.
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emerging trends in cv Flow visualization
Jacc-cardiovascular Imaging, 2012Co-Authors: Partho P Sengupta, Arash Kheradvar, Gianni Pedrizzetti, Philip J Kilner, Tino Ebbers, Giovanni Tonti, Alan G Fraser, Jagat NarulaAbstract:Blood Flow patterns are closely linked to the morphology and function of the Cardiovascular system. These patterns reflect the exceptional adaptability of the Cardiovascular system to maintain normal blood circulation under a wide range of workloads. Accurate retrieval and display of Flow-related information remains a challenge because of the processes involved in mapping the Flow velocity fields within specific chambers of the heart. We review the potentials and pitfalls of current approaches for blood Flow visualization, with an emphasis on acquisition, display, and analysis of multidirectional Flow. This document is divided into 3 sections. First, we provide a descriptive outline of the relevant concepts in cardiac fluid mechanics, including the emergence of rotation in Flow and the variables that delineate vortical structures. Second, we elaborate on the main methods developed to image and visualize multidirectional Cardiovascular Flow, which are mainly based on cardiac magnetic resonance, ultrasound Doppler, and contrast particle imaging velocimetry, with recommendations for developing dedicated imaging protocols. Finally, we discuss the potential clinical applications and technical challenges with suggestions for further investigations.
Thomas Franz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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construction and validation of subject specific biventricular finite element models of healthy and failing swine hearts from high resolution dt mri
Frontiers in Physiology, 2018Co-Authors: Kevin L Sack, Eric Aliotta, Daniel B Ennis, Jenny S Choy, Ghassan S Kassab, Julius M Guccione, Thomas FranzAbstract:Predictive computational modeling has revolutionized classical engineering disciplines and is in the process of transforming Cardiovascular research. This is particularly relevant for investigating emergent therapies for heart failure, which remains a leading cause of death globally. The creation of subject-specific biventricular computational cardiac models has been a long-term endeavor within the biomedical engineering community. Using high resolution (0.3 × 0.3 × 0.8 mm) ex vivo data, we constructed a precise fully subject-specific biventricular finite-element model of healthy and failing swine hearts. Each model includes fully subject-specific geometries, myofiber architecture and, in the case of the failing heart, fibrotic tissue distribution. Passive and active material properties are prescribed using hyperelastic strain energy functions that define a nearly incompressible, orthotropic material capable of contractile function. These materials were calibrated using a sophisticated multistep approach to match orthotropic tri-axial shear data as well as subject-specific hemodynamic ventricular targets for pressure and volume to ensure realistic cardiac function. Each mechanically beating heart is coupled with a lumped-parameter representation of the circulatory system, allowing for a closed-loop definition of Cardiovascular Flow. The circulatory model incorporates unidirectional fluid exchanges driven by pressure gradients of the model, which in turn are driven by the mechanically beating heart. This creates a computationally meaningful representation of the dynamic beating of the heart coupled with the circulatory system. Each model was calibrated using subject-specific experimental data and compared with independent in vivo strain data obtained from echocardiography. Our methods produced highly detailed representations of swine hearts that function mechanically in a remarkably similar manner to the in vivo subject-specific strains on a global and regional comparison. The degree of subject-specificity included in the models represents a milestone for modeling efforts that captures realism of the whole heart. This study establishes a foundation for future computational studies that can apply these validated methods to advance cardiac mechanics research.