The Experts below are selected from a list of 294 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Takashi Onozaki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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breeding of Carnations dianthus caryophyllus l for long vase life
Breeding Science, 2018Co-Authors: Takashi OnozakiAbstract:Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) is one of the main floricultural crops in Japan and worldwide. The vase life of cut ornamental flowers, including Carnations, is important in determining their quality and consumers' preference. To improve the vase life of Carnation flowers, my group started a breeding research program in 1992 using conventional cross-breeding techniques. We repeatedly crossed and selected promising offspring with long vase life for seven generations, from 1992 to 2008. In 2005, we developed two cultivars, 'Miracle Rouge' and 'Miracle Symphony', with genetically determined long vase lives of 17.7 to 20.7 days (3.2 to 3.6 times that of 'White Sim') under standard conditions (23°C, 70% RH, 12-h photoperiod). Line 532-6 showed an ultra-long vase life averaging 27.8 to 32.7 days (4.6 to 5.4 times that of 'White Sim'). We evaluated changes in ethylene sensitivity with flower senescence simply and accurately using a time-lapse video recorder. In 2010, we selected line 806-46b with both ultra-long vase life (27.1 days, 4.4 times that of 'White Sim') and ethylene resistance. Analyses using six cultivars and 123 selected lines from the 1st to the 7th generations revealed that the long vase life was strongly associated with a decrease in ethylene production.
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identification of tightly linked ssr markers for flower type in Carnation dianthus caryophyllus l
Euphytica, 2014Co-Authors: Masafumi Yagi, Koji Tanase, Sachiko Isobe, Hideki Hirakawa, Satoshi Tabata, Toshiya Yamamoto, Hiroyasu Yamaguchi, Takashi OnozakiAbstract:Single or double flower type is one of the most important breeding targets in Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.). We mapped the D 85 locus, which controls flower type, to LG 85P_15–2 using a simple sequence repeat (SSR)-based genetic linkage map constructed using 91 F2 progeny derived from a cross between line 85–11 (double flower) and ‘Pretty Favvare’ (single flower). A positional comparison using SSR markers as anchor loci revealed that the map positions of the D 85 locus corresponded to the single locus controlling the single flower type derived from wild D. capitatus ssp. andrzejowskianus. We identified four co-segregating SSR markers on the D 85 locus. Verification of the SSR markers in commercial cultivars revealed that two of the four SSR markers (CES0212 and CES1982) were tightly linked to the D 85 locus, and amplified a 176-bp and 269-bp allele, respectively, which were common and unique to double flower cultivars. The map positions of the D 85 locus and the tightly linked SSR markers will be useful for determining the genetic basis of flower type and for marker-assisted breeding of Carnations.
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Sequence Analysis of the Genome of Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.)
DNA Research, 2013Co-Authors: Masafumi Yagi, Koji Tanase, Hideki Hirakawa, Masayoshi Nakayama, Akemi Ohmiya, Shunichi Kosugi, Taro Harada, Kyutaro Kishimoto, Kazuo Ichimura, Takashi OnozakiAbstract:The whole-genome sequence of Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) cv. 'Francesco' was determined using a combination of different new-generation multiplex sequencing platforms. The total length of the non-redundant sequences was 568,887,315 bp, consisting of 45,088 scaffolds, which covered 91% of the 622 Mb Carnation genome estimated by k-mer analysis. The N50 values of contigs and scaffolds were 16,644 bp and 60,737 bp, respectively, and the longest scaffold was 1,287,144 bp. The average GC content of the contig sequences was 36%. A total of 1050, 13, 92 and 143 genes for tRNAs, rRNAs, snoRNA and miRNA, respectively, were identified in the assembled genomic sequences. For protein-encoding genes, 43 266 complete and partial gene structures excluding those in transposable elements were deduced. Gene coverage was ∼ 98%, as deduced from the coverage of the core eukaryotic genes. Intensive characterization of the assigned Carnation genes and comparison with those of other plant species revealed characteristic features of the Carnation genome. The results of this study will serve as a valuable resource for fundamental and applied research of Carnation, especially for breeding new Carnation varieties. Further information on the genomic sequences is available at http://Carnation.kazusa.or.jp.
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Transcriptome analysis of Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) based on next-generation sequencing technology
BMC Genomics, 2012Co-Authors: Koji Tanase, Sachiko Isobe, Hideki Hirakawa, Satoshi Tabata, Chikako Nishitani, Akemi Ohmiya, Takashi OnozakiAbstract:Background Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.), in the family Caryophyllaceae, can be found in a wide range of colors and is a model system for studies of flower senescence. In addition, it is one of the most important flowers in the global floriculture industry. However, few genomics resources, such as sequences and markers are available for Carnation or other members of the Caryophyllaceae. To increase our understanding of the genetic control of important characters in Carnation, we generated an expressed sequence tag (EST) database for a Carnation cultivar important in horticulture by high-throughput sequencing using 454 pyrosequencing technology.
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Evaluation of 277 Carnation cultivars for resistance to bacterial wilt (Pseudomonas caryophylli).
Engei Gakkai zasshi, 1999Co-Authors: Takashi Onozaki, Takashi Yamaguchi, Masami Himeno, Hiroshi IkedaAbstract:Bacterial wilt (Pseudomonas caryophylli) is one of the most important and damaging disease of Carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus) in Japan. It causes serious crop losses in Carnations grown in the warm districts. However, breeding for resistance to this disease in Carnation has been rarely carried out. Therefore, 277 Carnation cultivars were screened for resistance to bacterial wilt by using the cut-root soaking method with an inoculum concentration of 107 cfu (colony-forming units)/ml. Two hundred seven cultivars (74.7%) were highly susceptible, whereas 3 cultivars, 'Wiko', 'Nocto', and 'Sandrosa' possessed adequate resistance.
Jiping Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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alleviation of effects of exogenous ethylene on cut master Carnation flowers with nano silver and silver thiosulfate
Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Jiping Liu, Zhaoqi Zhang, Xiaohui Lin, Shuqin Lin, D C JoyceAbstract:Abstract Postharvest treatment with nano-silver (NS) extends the longevity of many cut flowers, including Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.). Its beneficial effects are generally attributed to the inhibition of bacterial growth in basal stem-ends. However, Ag+ ions released from NS are also potential blockers of ethylene action. In the present study, we investigated the efficacy of NS pulse treatment, compared with conventional silver thiosulfate (STS) treatment, for alleviation the effects of exogenous ethylene on cut standard ‘Master’ Carnation flowers. Cut Carnations exposed to 5 or 10 μL L−1 ethylene for 12 h showed reduced vase life, inhibited flower opening, premature wilting, and petal discoloration, which markedly diminished their ornamental quality. A NS pulse treatment of 250 mg L−1 (2.3 mmol L−1) for 1 h prior to ethylene exposure reduced the inhibited flower opening and, thereby, prolonged the vase life. These effects were comparatively inferior in terms of flower opening and vase life extension to those obtained with a 1.0 mmol L−1 STS pulse for 1 h. However, without exogenous ethylene NS treatment was nearly as effective as STS treatment for enhancing flower opening and extending vase life. NS treated cut Carnation stems (exposed to exogenous ethylene or not) also maintained higher relative fresh weight during the vase period than those treated with STS. The Ag concentration in the stem-ends of the NS-treated cut Carnations was higher than that in those of STS-treated stems, and was also higher than that in other tissues. Moreover, Ag provided by NS also reached the receptacles, calyxes, and petals. Overall, NS pulse treatments enhanced the ornamental quality and extending the vase life of cut ‘Master’ Carnation flowers by antagonizing the deleterious effects of ethylene and probably inhibiting the proliferation of bacteria at the cut stem-ends.
William R Woodson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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differential expression of three members of the 1 aminocyclopropane 1 carboxylate synthase gene family in Carnation
Plant Physiology, 1999Co-Authors: Michelle L Jones, William R WoodsonAbstract:We investigated the expression patterns of three 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase genes in Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus cv White Sim) under conditions previously shown to induce ethylene biosynthesis. These included treatment of flowers with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, ethylene, LiCl, cycloheximide, and natural and pollination-induced flower senescence. Accumulation of ACC synthase transcripts in leaves following mechanical wounding and treatment with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid or LiCl was also determined by RNA gel-blot analysis. As in other species, the Carnation ACC synthase genes were found to be differentially regulated in a tissue-specific manner. DCACS2 and DCACS3 were preferentially expressed in styles, whereas DCACS1 mRNA was most abundant in petals. Cycloheximide did not induce increased accumulation of ACC synthase transcripts in Carnation flowers, whereas the expression of ACC synthase was up-regulated by auxin, ethylene, LiCl, pollination, and senescence in a floral-organ-specific manner. Expression of the three ACC synthases identified in Carnation did not correspond to elevated ethylene biosynthesis from wounded or auxin-treated leaves, and there are likely additional members of the Carnation ACC synthase gene family responsible for ACC synthase expression in vegetative tissues.
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molecular cloning of an 1 aminocyclopropane 1 carboxylate synthase from senescing Carnation flower petals
Plant Molecular Biology, 1992Co-Authors: Ky Young Park, Amir Drory, William R WoodsonAbstract:Synthetic oligonucleotides based on the sequence of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase from tomato [15] were used to prime the synthesis and amplification of a 337 bp tomato ACC synthase cDNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This PCR product was used to screen a cDNA library prepared from mRNA isolated from senescing carantion flower petals. Two cDNA clones were isolated which represented the same mRNA. The longer of the two clones (CARACC3) contained a 1950 bp insert with a single open reading frame of 516 amino acids encoding a protein of 58 kDa. The predicted protein from the Carnation ACC synthase cDNA was 61%, 61%, 64%, and 51% identical to the deduced proteins from zucchini squash, winter squash, tomato, and apple, respectively. Genomic DNA gel blot analysis indicated the presence of at least a second gene in Carnation which hybridized to CARACC3 under conditions of low stringency. ACC synthase mRNA accumulates during senescence of Carnation flower petals concomitant with the increase in ethylene production and ACC synthase enzyme activity. Ethylene induced the accumulation of ACC synthase mRNA in presenescent petals. Wound-induced ethylene production in leaves was not associated with an increase in ACC synthase mRNA represented by CARACC3. These results indicate that CARACC3 represents an ACC synthase transcript involved in autocatalytic ethylene production in senescing flower petals.
D C Joyce - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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alleviation of effects of exogenous ethylene on cut master Carnation flowers with nano silver and silver thiosulfate
Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Jiping Liu, Zhaoqi Zhang, Xiaohui Lin, Shuqin Lin, D C JoyceAbstract:Abstract Postharvest treatment with nano-silver (NS) extends the longevity of many cut flowers, including Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.). Its beneficial effects are generally attributed to the inhibition of bacterial growth in basal stem-ends. However, Ag+ ions released from NS are also potential blockers of ethylene action. In the present study, we investigated the efficacy of NS pulse treatment, compared with conventional silver thiosulfate (STS) treatment, for alleviation the effects of exogenous ethylene on cut standard ‘Master’ Carnation flowers. Cut Carnations exposed to 5 or 10 μL L−1 ethylene for 12 h showed reduced vase life, inhibited flower opening, premature wilting, and petal discoloration, which markedly diminished their ornamental quality. A NS pulse treatment of 250 mg L−1 (2.3 mmol L−1) for 1 h prior to ethylene exposure reduced the inhibited flower opening and, thereby, prolonged the vase life. These effects were comparatively inferior in terms of flower opening and vase life extension to those obtained with a 1.0 mmol L−1 STS pulse for 1 h. However, without exogenous ethylene NS treatment was nearly as effective as STS treatment for enhancing flower opening and extending vase life. NS treated cut Carnation stems (exposed to exogenous ethylene or not) also maintained higher relative fresh weight during the vase period than those treated with STS. The Ag concentration in the stem-ends of the NS-treated cut Carnations was higher than that in those of STS-treated stems, and was also higher than that in other tissues. Moreover, Ag provided by NS also reached the receptacles, calyxes, and petals. Overall, NS pulse treatments enhanced the ornamental quality and extending the vase life of cut ‘Master’ Carnation flowers by antagonizing the deleterious effects of ethylene and probably inhibiting the proliferation of bacteria at the cut stem-ends.
Koji Tanase - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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identification of tightly linked ssr markers for flower type in Carnation dianthus caryophyllus l
Euphytica, 2014Co-Authors: Masafumi Yagi, Koji Tanase, Sachiko Isobe, Hideki Hirakawa, Satoshi Tabata, Toshiya Yamamoto, Hiroyasu Yamaguchi, Takashi OnozakiAbstract:Single or double flower type is one of the most important breeding targets in Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.). We mapped the D 85 locus, which controls flower type, to LG 85P_15–2 using a simple sequence repeat (SSR)-based genetic linkage map constructed using 91 F2 progeny derived from a cross between line 85–11 (double flower) and ‘Pretty Favvare’ (single flower). A positional comparison using SSR markers as anchor loci revealed that the map positions of the D 85 locus corresponded to the single locus controlling the single flower type derived from wild D. capitatus ssp. andrzejowskianus. We identified four co-segregating SSR markers on the D 85 locus. Verification of the SSR markers in commercial cultivars revealed that two of the four SSR markers (CES0212 and CES1982) were tightly linked to the D 85 locus, and amplified a 176-bp and 269-bp allele, respectively, which were common and unique to double flower cultivars. The map positions of the D 85 locus and the tightly linked SSR markers will be useful for determining the genetic basis of flower type and for marker-assisted breeding of Carnations.
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Sequence Analysis of the Genome of Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.)
DNA Research, 2013Co-Authors: Masafumi Yagi, Koji Tanase, Hideki Hirakawa, Masayoshi Nakayama, Akemi Ohmiya, Shunichi Kosugi, Taro Harada, Kyutaro Kishimoto, Kazuo Ichimura, Takashi OnozakiAbstract:The whole-genome sequence of Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) cv. 'Francesco' was determined using a combination of different new-generation multiplex sequencing platforms. The total length of the non-redundant sequences was 568,887,315 bp, consisting of 45,088 scaffolds, which covered 91% of the 622 Mb Carnation genome estimated by k-mer analysis. The N50 values of contigs and scaffolds were 16,644 bp and 60,737 bp, respectively, and the longest scaffold was 1,287,144 bp. The average GC content of the contig sequences was 36%. A total of 1050, 13, 92 and 143 genes for tRNAs, rRNAs, snoRNA and miRNA, respectively, were identified in the assembled genomic sequences. For protein-encoding genes, 43 266 complete and partial gene structures excluding those in transposable elements were deduced. Gene coverage was ∼ 98%, as deduced from the coverage of the core eukaryotic genes. Intensive characterization of the assigned Carnation genes and comparison with those of other plant species revealed characteristic features of the Carnation genome. The results of this study will serve as a valuable resource for fundamental and applied research of Carnation, especially for breeding new Carnation varieties. Further information on the genomic sequences is available at http://Carnation.kazusa.or.jp.
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Transcriptome analysis of Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) based on next-generation sequencing technology
BMC Genomics, 2012Co-Authors: Koji Tanase, Sachiko Isobe, Hideki Hirakawa, Satoshi Tabata, Chikako Nishitani, Akemi Ohmiya, Takashi OnozakiAbstract:Background Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.), in the family Caryophyllaceae, can be found in a wide range of colors and is a model system for studies of flower senescence. In addition, it is one of the most important flowers in the global floriculture industry. However, few genomics resources, such as sequences and markers are available for Carnation or other members of the Caryophyllaceae. To increase our understanding of the genetic control of important characters in Carnation, we generated an expressed sequence tag (EST) database for a Carnation cultivar important in horticulture by high-throughput sequencing using 454 pyrosequencing technology.