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D C Joyce - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a retrospective study of Vase Life determinants for cut acacia holosericea foliage
Scientia Horticulturae, 2014Co-Authors: Husni Hayati Mohd Rafdi, D C Joyce, A Lisle, Donald E Irving, M L GuptaAbstract:Short and variable Vase Life of cut Acacia holosericea foliage stems limits its commercial potential. Retrospective evaluation of factors affecting the Vase Life of this cut foliage line was assessed using primary data collected from 30 individual experiments. These data had been collected by four different researchers over 17 months, from late Summer to mid Winter across two consecutive years. Vase Life data of cut A. holosericea stems held in deionised water (DIW) was analysed for general Vase Life variation and to define the most influential factor affecting Vase Life of the cut stems. Meanwhile, Vase Life of cut stems exposed to various chemical and physical postharvest treatments was analysed using meta-analysis to evaluate their efficacy in prolonging Vase Life of the stems. The overall mean Vase Life (±standard deviation) of cut A. holosericea stems was 6.4 ± 1.2 days (n = 30 trials). Longer Vase Life of ≥7 days was obtained from cut stems harvested at vegetative and flowering stage, which was between Summer and Autumn. Cut stems harvested at fruiting stage, between Winter and Spring displayed shorter Vase Life of ≤5.5 days. Mixed model analysis indicated that Vase Life variation of the cut stems was mostly determined by season (P < 0.001). In averaged, postharvest treatments increased Vase Life 1.4-fold compared to stems in DIW, with 68.32% had a large positive treatment effect size (d). Among the treatments, nano silver (NS) and copper (Cu2+) were the most beneficial to Vase Life. Retrospective analysis was found to be beneficial for identifying conditions and targeting practices to maximise the Vase Life of cut A. holosericea and, potentially for other species.
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boronia heterophylla Vase Life is influenced more by ethylene than by bacterial numbers or Vase solution ph
Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2013Co-Authors: Virginia G Williamson, D C JoyceAbstract:Bacterial proLiferation in both Vase solutions and in cut flower stems has been implicated in reducing the Vase Life of numerous genera. Boronia heterophylla F. Muell. (Red Boronia) Vase Life was assessed at two stages of floral maturity for nine Vase solution treatments covering a pH range of 2.5-5.7. Vase Life for advanced harvest maturity stems ranged from 4.2 d in 10 mM citric acid + 50 mg L-1 chlorine (pH 2.5) to 12.9 d after STS pulsing (pH 5.7). For normal harvest maturity stems, the corresponding range was 5.8-19.0 d, respectively. Vase solutions containing 50 mg L-1 chlorine biocide resulted in decreased longevity. In contrast, pulsing with the ethylene-binding inhibitor, STS, significantly increased Vase Life. The number of bacteria in the Vase solutions after 11 d was determined in stems of advanced maturity. The solution with the greatest number of bacteria, 4.0 x 10(10) cfu mL(-1), was water used after STS pulsing and in which the flowers lasted longest. Vase solution bacteria were enumerated on days 0,3, 6, 9 and 12 of the Vase period with stems of normal harvest maturity. There was no relationship between Vase Life and Vase solution bacterial numbers ((R) over bar (2) = 0.000). Moreover, there was a negative relationship between numbers of bacteria in basal 0-5 cm stem segments and Vase Life. As no correlations were evident between longevity and either the pH or Vase solution bacterial numbers, B. heterophylla Vase Life was evidently limited principally by ethylene action. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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effects of three different nano silver formulations on cut acacia holosericea Vase Life
Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2012Co-Authors: D C Joyce, Jiping Liu, Kamani Ratnayake, Zhaoqi ZhangAbstract:The relative efficacies of three chemically different nano-silver (NS) formulations were evaluated for their potential to extend the Vase Life of short-lived cut Acacia holosericea foliage. The novel proprietary formulations were neutral NS, acidic NS and ionic NS. They were characterised in terms of particle size, pH value, colour and odour. The NS treatments were applied as Vase (lower concentrations) or pulse (higher concentrations) solutions. Among the treatments compared, neutral NS as a 4 mg L-1 Vase solution or as a 40 mg L-1 24 h pulse treatment and acidic NS as a 0.5 mg L-1 Vase solution or as a 5 mg L-1 24 h pulse treatment significantly (P <= 0.05) extended the Vase Life of A. holosericea. Vase Life extensions over the deionised water (DI) controls were associated with better maintenance of relative fresh weight and Vase water uptake, suppression of bacterial growth in the Vase water and stem-end, and delaying stem blockage. In contrast, ionic-NS applied as a 0.5 or 1 mg L-1 Vase solution treatment or as a 5 or 10 mg L-1 pulse treatment caused severe phytotoxicity to cut A. holosericea stems. The results suggest that NS treatments, especially neutral NS and acidic NS pulse treatments, could be a potential postharvest technology for commercial application to cut A. holosericea. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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physical stem end treatment effects on cut rose and acacia Vase Life and water relations
Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2011Co-Authors: D C Joyce, Iftikhar Ahmad, John D FaragherAbstract:Cut Rosa hybrida cv. High & Mighty flowers and Acacia holosericea (Velvet Leaf Wattle) foliage were subjected to various physical stem-end treatments as practised by florists. Their effects on longevity (Vase Life) and water relations [relative fresh weight (RFW) and Vase solution uptake (VSU)] were quantified. All Vase water contained sodium dichloroisocyanurate (DICA) biocide. Bark removal had either positive or neutral effects on the Vase Life of fresh-cut rose and had either neutral or negative effects on fresh-cut acacia. Stem-end splitting had either no or negative effects on the Vase Life of fresh-cut rose and acacia. However, both bark removal and stem-end splitting increased the Vase Life of both species when applied after short term storage for 24 h at 4 degrees C. Crushing stems had no effect on the Vase Life of fresh-cut rose, but tends to increase the Vase Life of fresh-cut acacia. Hot water scalding either increased or had no effect on the Vase lives of rose and acacia. The tendency for bark removal to increase Vase Life of fresh-cut rose was associated with better maintenance of RFW and sustained VSU. However, for the most part, stem-end treatments had typically negative or neutral effects on RFW of fresh-cut rose and acacia. Likewise, the treatments had mostly negative or neutral effects on VSU. Overall for both species, there is little or no benefit and potentially negative effects on Vase Life, RFW and VSU of applying stem-end treatments as sometimes advocated by florists. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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effect of seasonal variation and storage temperature on leaf chlorophyll fluorescence and Vase Life of cut roses
Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2005Co-Authors: D C Joyce, N E Pompodakis, Leon A Terry, Dimitris Lydakis, M D PapadimitriouAbstract:Abstract Low temperature injury (LTI) of roses (Rosa hybrida L.) is difficult to assess by visual observation. Relative chlorophyll fluorescence (CF; Fv/Fm) is a non-invasive technique that provides an index of stress effects on photosystem II (PS II) activity. This instrumental technique allows determination of the photosynthetic efficiency of plant tissues containing chloroplasts, such as rose leaves. In the present study, pre- and post-storage measurements of Fv/Fm were carried out to assess LTI in ‘First Red’ and ‘Akito’ roses harvested year round. Relationships between the pre-harvest environment conditions of temperature, relative humidity and photon flux density (PFD), Fv/Fm, and, Vase Life duration after storage are reported. After harvest, roses were stored at 1, 5 and 10 °C for 10 days. Non-stored roses were the control treatment. Fv/Fm ratios were reduced following storage, suggesting LTI of roses. However, reductions in Fv/Fm were not closely correlated with reduced Vase Life duration and were seasonally dependent. Only during winter experiments was Fv/Fm of roses stored at 1 °C significantly (P ≤ 0.001) lower compared to Fv/Fm of non-stored control roses and roses stored at 5 and 10 °C. Thus, the fall of Fv/Fm was due to an interaction of growing season and storage at 1 °C. Vase lives of roses grown during winter were significantly (P ≤ 0.001) shorter compared to roses grown during summer. Length of Vase Life was intermediate for roses grown during autumn and spring. Because of the lack of correlation between Fv/Fm and post-storage Vase Life it is concluded that the CF parameter Fv/Fm is not a practical index for assessing LTI in cold-stored roses. Higher PFD and temperature in summer were positively and significantly correlated with maintenance of post-storage Fv/Fm ratios and longer Vase Life. It is suggested that shorter Vase lives and lower post-storage Fv/Fm values after storage at 1 °C are consequences of reduced photosynthesis and smaller carbohydrate pools in winter-harvested roses.
Aung Htay Naing - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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synergistic effect of nano sliver with sucrose on extending Vase Life of the carnation cv edun
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2017Co-Authors: Da Y Park, Aung Htay Naing, Jeungsul Han, Inkyu Kang, Chang Kil KimAbstract:We investigated the effects of sucrose and Nano-silver (NAg) on extending the Vase Life of cut carnation flowers ‘Edun’. Sucrose suppressed ethylene production by downregulating the genes that code for its biosynthesis. Relative to the control, however, sucrose significantly increased bacterial proLiferation on cut stem surfaces and reduced relative fresh weight (RFW), antioxidant activity, and cysteine proteinase inhibitor gene (DcCPi) expression. Consequently, the sucrose-treated flowers had shorter Vase lives than the control. In contrast, NAg suppressed ethylene production in the petal, prevented bacterial blockage in the cut stem surface, and improved all the aforementioned parameters. Therefore, NAg increased flower longevity. The most effective treatment in terms of longevity extension and parameter improvement, however, was the combination of NAg and sucrose. These results suggest that sucrose can suppress ethylene production but does not necessarily extend the Vase Life of the flower cultivar, which is partially or totally insensitive to ethylene. The role of NAg in increasing cut carnation longevity is mainly to inhibit xylem blockage rather than suppress ethylene production, and the combined effect of NAg and sucrose is most effective at prolonging cut carnation Vase Life, likely due to their synergetic effects on multiple modes of action.
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role of nano silver and the bacterial strain enterobacter cloacae in increasing Vase Life of cut carnation omea
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2017Co-Authors: Aung Htay Naing, Nay Myo Win, Jeungsul Han, Ki Byung Lim, Chang K KimAbstract:We investigated the role of nano-silver (NAg) and the bacterial strain Enterobacter cloacae in increasing the Vase Life of cut carnation flowers ‘Omea’. NAg treatment extended Vase Life of the flowers by increasing relative fresh weight, antioxidant activities, and expression level of the cysteine proteinase inhibitor gene (DcCPi), and by suppressing bacterial blockage in stem segments, ethylene production and expression of ethylene biosynthesis genes and DcCP1 gene, compared with the control. Out of all the treatments, administration of 25 mg L-1 NAg gave the best results for all the analyzed parameters. Interestingly, application of E. cloacae also extended the Vase Life of cut flowers by three days in comparison with control flowers, and overall, showed better results than the control for all the analyzed parameters. Taken together, these results demonstrate the positive role of NAg and E. cloacae in increasing the longevity of cut carnation flowers, and indicate that this effect is brought about through multiple modes of action.
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characterization of the role of sodium nitroprusside snp involved in long Vase Life of different carnation cultivars
BMC Plant Biology, 2017Co-Authors: Aung Htay Naing, Ki Byung Lim, Kyoungsun Lee, Muthukrishnan Arun, Chang Kil KimAbstract:Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) has been previously shown to extend the Vase Life of various cut flowers; however, its positive effect on extending Vase Life of carnations has not been well documented. Moreover, the role of SNP in the mechanisms underlying determination of Vase Life of cut carnations has also not been well addressed. SNP increased Vase Life of Tico Viola carnations along with their relative fresh weight (RFW). Among the treatments, the flowers treated with 10 mg L−1 SNP had the longest Vase Life and maximum relative fresh weight (RFW). This was achieved through significant suppression of ethylene production via downregulation of ethylene biosynthesis and petal senescence-related genes, and through an increase in the scavenging mechanism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by antioxidant activity during flower Vase Life. In addition, the positive efficacy of SNP could also be confirmed using 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) and different cultivars, resulting in similar trends for both experiments. Taken together, these results suggest that SNP plays a crucial role in multiple modes of action that are associated with the longevity of cut carnation flowers.
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Role of Nano-silver and the Bacterial Strain Enterobacter cloacae in Increasing Vase Life of Cut Carnation ‘Omea’
Frontiers Media S.A., 2017Co-Authors: Aung Htay Naing, Nay Myo Win, Jeungsul Han, Ki Byung Lim, Chang K KimAbstract:We investigated the role of nano-silver (NAg) and the bacterial strain Enterobacter cloacae in increasing the Vase Life of cut carnation flowers ‘Omea.’ NAg treatment extended Vase Life of the flowers by increasing relative fresh weight, antioxidant activities, and expression level of the cysteine proteinase inhibitor gene (DcCPi), and by suppressing bacterial blockage in stem segments, ethylene production and expression of ethylene biosynthesis genes and DcCP1 gene, compared with the control. Out of all the treatments, administration of 25 mg L-1 NAg gave the best results for all the analyzed parameters. Interestingly, application of E. cloacae also extended the Vase Life of cut flowers by 3 days in comparison with control flowers, and overall, showed better results than the control for all the analyzed parameters. Taken together, these results demonstrate the positive role of NAg and E. cloacae in increasing the longevity of cut carnation flowers, and indicate that this effect is brought about through multiple modes of action
Jun Tao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Nano-silver modifies the Vase Life of cut herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) flowers
Protoplasma, 2018Co-Authors: Daqiu Zhao, Wenhui Tang, Menglin Cheng, Siyu Zhou, Jiasong Meng, Ding Liu, Jun TaoAbstract:Herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) is a popular high-grade cut flower because of higher ornamental value. However, its short flowering time severely restricts the production and application of cut P. lactiflora flowers. In this study, nano-silver (NS) was applied to prolong the Vase Life of cut P. lactiflora flowers. Under the NS treatment, related physiological indices including relative electrical conductivity (REC), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide anion free radical (O2·−), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and free proline contents, and protective enzyme activities including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and ascorbic acid peroxidase (APX) all increased in cut P. lactiflora flowers except soluble protein. Meanwhile, NS treatment increased relative water uptake (RWU) and Ag+ distribution. Moreover, the observation of microstructures indicated that the stem-ends without NS treatment were blocked by microbes which were identified as Alternaria sp. and Phoma sp., and NS effectively inhibited their growth by antibacterial efficacy observation. Additionally, three aquaporin genes (AQPs) including two plasma membrane intrinsic protein genes (PlPIP1;2, PlPIP2;1) and one NOD26-like intrinsic protein gene (PlNIP) were isolated, PlPIP1;2, and PlPIP2;1 that were induced by NS treatment took common effects on maintaining the water balance of cut P. lactiflora flowers. Consequently, the Vase Life of cut P. lactiflora flowers was prolonged and flower fresh weight together with flower diameter was well kept because of these above factors. These results would provide a theoretical basis for prolonging the Vase Life and improving the ornamental quality of cut P. lactiflora flowers with NS application.
Kazuo Ichimura - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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postharvest characteristics of cut dahlia flowers with a focus on ethylene and effectiveness of 6 benzylaminopurine treatments in extending Vase Life
Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2013Co-Authors: Hiroko Shimizuyumoto, Kazuo IchimuraAbstract:Abstract With the aim of extending Vase Life of cut dahlia flowers, we investigated the postharvest characteristics of the flowers. Our focus was on the role of ethylene on senescence and on treatments that have extended Vase Life of other flowers. Continuous exposure to ethylene at 2 or 10 μL L −1 significantly accelerated petal abscission in cut flowers. Flowers continuously immersed in 1 or 10 μL L −1 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (CEPA) solution wilted earlier than those treated with distilled water (DW) or 0.15 g L −1 citric acid. Ethylene production from the ovary and ray petal was relatively high (4.5 and 0.9 nL g −1 fresh weight h −1 , respectively) at harvest, but decreased gradually over 5 days. No remarkable increase in ethylene production was observed during senescence. Silver thiosulfate complex (STS), an inhibitor of ethylene action, did not extend the Vase Life of cut flowers, although a high silver concentration was detected in flower organs. In contrast, pulse treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and dip treatment with 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) extended the Vase Life of florets, and BA was more effective than 1-MCP when the flowers were held in both DW and CEPA. BA spray treatment extended Vase Life of cut ‘Kokucho,’ ‘Kamakura’ and ‘Michan’ flowers. These results suggest that dahlia flower senescence is partially regulated by ethylene, and BA is more effective in delaying the senescence of cut dahlia flowers than ethylene action inhibitors.
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extension of the Vase Life in cut roses by treatment with glucose isothiazolinonic germicide citric acid and aluminum sulphate solution
Jarq-japan Agricultural Research Quarterly, 2006Co-Authors: Kazuo Ichimura, Makoto Taguchi, Ryo NorikoshiAbstract:Cut rose (Rosa hybrida L.) cv. Rote Rose was treated with glucose, fructose or sucrose at 10 g L -1 in combination with a commercial preparation of isothiazolinonic germicide (a mixture of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazqlin-3-one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one; CMI/MI; Legend MK) at 0.25, 0.5 or 1 mL L -1 . To stabilize germicidal activity, the solution was acidified by the addition of citric acid to a final concentration at 30 mg L -1 . Of the sugars, glucose was the most effective in extending the Vase Life, followed by fructose. CMI/MI was most optimal at 0.5 mL L -1 . The addition of aluminum sulphate at 50 mg L -1 to glucose plus CMI/MI considerably extended the Vase Life of cut roses more than glucose plus CMI/MI. Based on these results, a formulation comprising 10 g L -1 glucose, 0.5 mL L -1 CMI/MI, 30 mg L -1 citric acid and 50 mg L -1 aluminum sulphate was designated as GLCA and the effect of GLCA on the Vase Life of 8 cultivars was compared against 10 g L -1 glucose plus 200 mg L -1 8-hydroxyquinoline sulphate (HQS). Treatment with GLCA extended the Vase Life of all the tested cultivars more than glucose plus HQS. Hydraulic conductance of stem segments in the control 'Rote Rose' roses decreased rapidly after harvest, but those for GLCA and glucose plus HQS were maintained at near their initial levels. The extension of Vase Life in cut roses by the addition of GLCA is attributed to the supply of sugars and the suppression of vascular occlusion without toxicity to cut flowers.
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effects of tea seed saponins on the Vase Life hydraulic conductance and transpiration of cut rose flowers
Jarq-japan Agricultural Research Quarterly, 2005Co-Authors: Kazuo Ichimura, Takahiro Fujiwara, Yuji Yamauchi, Hideki Horie, Katsunori KohataAbstract:Saponin(s) was extracted from tea seeds, and its effect on the Vase Life, transpiration from leaves and hydraulic conductance of stem segments in cut roses (Rosa hybrida L. cv. Sonia) were investigated. The continuous treatment with tea-seed saponins (TSS) at 20 mg L ' significantly extended the Vase Life of cut rose flowers, but those at other concentrations did not. The volume of water uptake and water loss by the cut flowers decreased with increasing concentration of TSS. TSS induced stomatal closure. In cut flowers kept in water, hydraulic conductance of the stem segment decreased with time, and 20 mg L - 1 TSS treatment considerably suppressed this decrease. The results show that TSS markedly inhibited transpiration from leaves and suppressed decrease in hydraulic conductance, which may be responsible for a significant increase in Vase Life.
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variation with the cultivar in the Vase Life of cut rose flowers
2002Co-Authors: Kazuo Ichimura, Y Kawabata, M KishimotoAbstract:Summary Variations in the way of flower opening and Vase Life of cut rose (Rosa hybrida L.) flowers among 25 cultivars were investigated. The way of flower opening varied among 25 cultivars; the cut flowers of some cultivars did not open completely. The Vase Life markedly varied among the cultivars; it was the shortest in ‘Bridal Pink’ (3.8 days) and the longest in ‘Calibra’ (14.5 days). To elucidate the factors that affect the variation in the Vase Life of cut roses with the cultivar, 10 major cultivars in Japan, were used. There was no correlation between Vase Life and petal thickness or transpiration rate of the cut flowers. To investigate whether vascular occlusion or sugar content is involved in the variation of the Vase Life, we continuously treated the cut flowers with 200 mg·liter −1 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate (HQS) on 20g·liter −1 sucrose with both of them. Treatment with HQS, sucrose and sucrose plus HQS significantly extended the Vase Life of two, two and four cultivars, respectively. However, none of the chemicals extended the Vase Life of ‘Delilah’, ‘Calibra’, ‘Konfetti’, ‘Pareo 90 ’ and ‘Rote Rose’. The Vase Life of these cultivars except for ‘Rote Rose’ was longer than 8 days. These results also suggest that a short Vase Life in some cultivars is attributed to vascular occlusion and/or shortage of sugars.
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effects of temperature 8 hydroxyquinoline sulphate and sucrose on the Vase Life of cut rose flowers
Postharvest Biology and Technology, 1999Co-Authors: Kazuo Ichimura, Kohei Kojima, Rie GotoAbstract:Abstract Cut roses ( Rosa hybrida L.) cv. Sonia were continuously treated with water (control), 200 mg l −1 8-hydroxyquinoline sulphate (HQS) or 30 g l −1 sucrose plus 200 mg l −1 HQS (Suc+HQS) at 20, 25 and 30°C. Higher temperatures promoted flower opening and shortened Vase Life. HQS and Suc+HQS both extended the Vase Life at all temperatures, but Suc+HQS was the more effective treatment. Flower diameter and fresh weight were markedly increased by Suc+HQS, particularly at 20°C. Hydraulic conductance of stem segments from the control treatment decreased rapidly after harvest, but those for HQS and Suc+HQS treatments were maintained near their initial level. Concentrations of glucose, fructose and sucrose in petals were increased by the Suc+HQS treatment, compared with the control or HQS treatment. Correlations between sugar concentrations in petals and maximum flower diameter or Vase Life were positive. These results show that soluble carbohydrate concentration in petals is an important factor in determining the Vase Life of cut rose flowers at all temperatures examined and when hydraulic conductance is not reduced.
Richard C Jackman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the dynamics of starch and sugar utilisation in cut peony paeonia lactiflora pall stems during storage and Vase Life
Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2010Co-Authors: E F Walton, H L Boldingh, G F Mclaren, M H Williams, Richard C JackmanAbstract:Abstract The carbohydrate dynamics of cut peony ( Paeonia lactiflora Pall. ‘Sarah Bernhardt’) stems were examined during Vase Life of fresh-cut stems, while in storage at 0 °C and during their Vase Life after storage. During flower opening of fresh-cut stems, the rate of starch hydrolysis in the flower buds was more rapid than in those still attached to the plant, and once the flowers had opened, the total sugar concentrations of the flowers, leaves and stems were lower than in those still attached to the plant. Quantification of the sugar content of fresh-cut stems during flower opening and those still attached to the plant, suggests that an additional 3.2 g of sugars are translocated into attached stems during flower opening, which equates to nearly 42% of an open flower. However, reserves in fresh stems were still sufficient to provide a total Vase Life of 14 d, only 2 d less than stems still attached to the plant. During the first 4 weeks of cool-storage, starch reserves in the flower buds were almost completely hydrolysed, contributing to similar hexose concentrations but much higher sucrose concentrations than in fresh-cut stems. Flower opening was more rapid but the subsequent Vase Life was only 9 d, shorter than that for fresh-cut stems. Much of that difference could be attributed to the faster opening of buds (2 d cf. 5 d), which is likely to have been the result of the starch having already been hydrolysed during storage. Together, these results indicate that cut peony stems have sufficient carbohydrate reserves to drive flower opening and still have an acceptable Vase Life even after 8 weeks of storage.
