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Brahim Marzouk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative gc analysis of seed essential oils from tunisian and german caraway Carum Carvi l ecotypes
Pharmacognosy Communications, 2012Co-Authors: Bochra Laribi, Karima Kouki, Abdelaziz Mougou, Taoufi Bettaieb, Brahim MarzoukAbstract:Previously, we showed that Tunisian caraway essential oil is characterized by the prevalence of carvone as the main *Correspondence Bochra Laribi Bochra Laribi, Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie. 43, Av. Charles Nicolle-1082, Tunis, Tunisia. Tel.: (+216) 71 28 71 10; Fax: (+216) 71 79 93 91 Email: bochra_laribi@yahoo.fr DOI: 10.5530/pc.2012.4.8 ABSTRACT : Background: Caraway ( Carum Carvi L.) seeds have been used numerously throughout history as a condiment and for its medicinal properties. Objective: The present study aims to compare the Tunisian and German caraway ecotypes regarding their seed essential oil compositions. Materials and Methods: Seed essential oil composition of two caraway ecotypes from Tunisia and Germany, cultivated under the same pedoclimatic and cultural conditions has been analysed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: The essential oil yields differed signifi cantly between the two caraway ecotypes: 1.41% and 0.48% for Tunisian and German seeds, respectively. Forty one (41) volatile compounds were identifi ed in the two oil samples where carvone and limonene constituted the main components but with signifi cantly different proportions. Consequently, the two caraway ecotypes displayed the same chemotype, namely carvone. Additionally, the proportions of some minor essential oil compounds such as ketones, oxygenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were found to be signifi cantly different between the German caraway seed essential oil and the Tunisian one. Conclusion: Since the infl uence of different environmental factors has been eliminated, the observed differences in seed essential oil yield and composition between the two studied ecotypes seem likely to result from the genetic variability.
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essential oil and fatty acid composition of a tunisian caraway Carum Carvi l seed ecotype cultivated under water deficit
2011Co-Authors: Bochra Laribi, Karima Kouki, Ali Sahli, Abdelaziz Mougou, Brahim MarzoukAbstract:The effects of water deficit on essential oil and fatty acid composition of Tunisian caraway (Carum Carvi L.) were investigated. Plants grown from seeds of Menzel Temime ecotype were treated with different levels of water deficit: control (100% ETc), moderate water deficit (50% ETc) and severe water deficit (25% ETc). Essential oil extraction was performed by hydrodistillation. Total lipids were extracted by a solvent mixture of chloroform/ methanol/ hexane (4:3:2, v/v/v). Analyses were carried out using gas chromatography-FID equipped with a polar column (polyethylene glycol). Fatty acid composition revealed that drought reduced significantly seed fatty acid content and mainly that of the petroselinic one which is reduced by 15 and 20.3% compared with the control under moderate and severe water deficit, respectively. Thus, the major variation consisted in a decrease of the unsatured fatty acids in favour of an increase in satured ones. Besides, the double bond index (DBI) showed significant decrease under the different drought levels which was more pronounced in plants conducted under severe water constraint. In addition, drought increased the essential oil yield. The main essential oil constituents were carvone and limonene. This last showed an increasing of its proportions under water deficit levels. Thus, water deficit induced a significant reduction in fatty acid content and an increase in the essential oil yield.
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fatty acid and essential oil composition of three tunisian caraway Carum Carvi l seed ecotypes
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2010Co-Authors: Bochra Laribi, Karima Kouki, Abdelaziz Mougou, Brahim MarzoukAbstract:BACKGROUND: The essential oil and fatty acid composition of Tunisian annual caraway (Carum Carvi L.) seeds from three ecotypes was investigated by gas chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analyses. RESULTS: Total fatty acid (TFA) proportion of caraway seeds varied from 2.95% to 5.68% (w/w). The fatty acid composition revealed that Tunisian caraway seed oil is rich in an unusual fatty acid—petroselinic acid—the proportion of which varied from 31.53% and 38.36% of TFA. Essential oil yields were relatively low and ranged from 0.86% to 1.20% (w/w). Forty-one volatile compounds were identified, the main ones being carvone (76.78–80.53%) and limonene (13.05–20.29%). CONCLUSION: Tunisian caraway seed oil is rich in an unusual fatty acid—petroselinic acid—which is of potential industrial significance. In addition, Tunisian caraway essential oil is carvone chemotype. This fact is of great economic interest due to the several applications of carvone in the alimentary and medicinal industries. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
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water deficit effects on caraway Carum Carvi l growth essential oil and fatty acid composition
Industrial Crops and Products, 2009Co-Authors: Bochra Laribi, Iness Bettaieb, Karima Kouki, Ali Sahli, Abdelaziz Mougou, Brahim MarzoukAbstract:Abstract The Mediterranean region suffers of drought which affects plant behaviour regarding biochemical responses. Accordingly, the effects of water deficit on growth, essential oil and fatty acid composition of caraway ( Carum Carvi L.) seeds were investigated. Plants were treated with different levels of water deficit: control, moderate water deficit and severe water deficit. Plant growth (height, fresh and dry matter weight) was significantly reduced by severe water deficit. This last caused also important reductions of the seed yield and yield components. Drought decreased significantly seed total fatty acid contents and particularly the petroselinic ones whose proportions decreased significantly by 12.17 and 18.47%, in comparison with the control, under moderate water deficit and severe water deficit, respectively. Besides, moderate water deficit increased the essential oil yield (expressed as g/100 g on the basis of dry matter weight). The main essential oil constituents were carvone and limonene which showed an increasing of their contents under water deficit levels. Thus, water deficit induced a significant reduction in growth parameters and fatty acid content, and an increase in the essential oil compounds. These bioactive compounds have been required in many industrial products.
Bochra Laribi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative gc analysis of seed essential oils from tunisian and german caraway Carum Carvi l ecotypes
Pharmacognosy Communications, 2012Co-Authors: Bochra Laribi, Karima Kouki, Abdelaziz Mougou, Taoufi Bettaieb, Brahim MarzoukAbstract:Previously, we showed that Tunisian caraway essential oil is characterized by the prevalence of carvone as the main *Correspondence Bochra Laribi Bochra Laribi, Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie. 43, Av. Charles Nicolle-1082, Tunis, Tunisia. Tel.: (+216) 71 28 71 10; Fax: (+216) 71 79 93 91 Email: bochra_laribi@yahoo.fr DOI: 10.5530/pc.2012.4.8 ABSTRACT : Background: Caraway ( Carum Carvi L.) seeds have been used numerously throughout history as a condiment and for its medicinal properties. Objective: The present study aims to compare the Tunisian and German caraway ecotypes regarding their seed essential oil compositions. Materials and Methods: Seed essential oil composition of two caraway ecotypes from Tunisia and Germany, cultivated under the same pedoclimatic and cultural conditions has been analysed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: The essential oil yields differed signifi cantly between the two caraway ecotypes: 1.41% and 0.48% for Tunisian and German seeds, respectively. Forty one (41) volatile compounds were identifi ed in the two oil samples where carvone and limonene constituted the main components but with signifi cantly different proportions. Consequently, the two caraway ecotypes displayed the same chemotype, namely carvone. Additionally, the proportions of some minor essential oil compounds such as ketones, oxygenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were found to be signifi cantly different between the German caraway seed essential oil and the Tunisian one. Conclusion: Since the infl uence of different environmental factors has been eliminated, the observed differences in seed essential oil yield and composition between the two studied ecotypes seem likely to result from the genetic variability.
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rapd based assessment of genetic diversity among annual caraway Carum Carvi populations
Eurasian Journal of Biosciences, 2011Co-Authors: Bochra Laribi, Abdelwahed Ghorbel, Karima Kouki, Nejia Zoghlami, Myriam Lamine, Abdelaziz MougouAbstract:For the first time, genetic variability and differentiation among five annual caraway (Carum Carvi) populations originating from Tunisia, Germany and Egypt were examined. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker data were obtained and analysed with respect to genetic diversity, population structure and gene flow. Fourteen primers generated a total of 136 discernible and reproducible bands across the analyzed populations, out of which 56 were polymorphic. The UPGMA cluster analysis permitted the discrimination of all the genotypes and their sorting into 3 main groups. Tunisian caraway populations diverged significantly from German and Egyptian ones. Population clustering was made dependently from geographic origin. This has been further explained at the DNA level as we were able to select a set of RAPD fingerprints unique to each of the studied populations. Furthermore, dimensional graph derived from factorial analysis of RAPD frequency data, allowed significant grouping of the genotypes into five sub-plots, representing each one population. Shannon's index values showed that variation ranks between rather than within populations. These results indicated that considerable genetic differences among C. Carvi populations were registered.
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essential oil and fatty acid composition of a tunisian caraway Carum Carvi l seed ecotype cultivated under water deficit
2011Co-Authors: Bochra Laribi, Karima Kouki, Ali Sahli, Abdelaziz Mougou, Brahim MarzoukAbstract:The effects of water deficit on essential oil and fatty acid composition of Tunisian caraway (Carum Carvi L.) were investigated. Plants grown from seeds of Menzel Temime ecotype were treated with different levels of water deficit: control (100% ETc), moderate water deficit (50% ETc) and severe water deficit (25% ETc). Essential oil extraction was performed by hydrodistillation. Total lipids were extracted by a solvent mixture of chloroform/ methanol/ hexane (4:3:2, v/v/v). Analyses were carried out using gas chromatography-FID equipped with a polar column (polyethylene glycol). Fatty acid composition revealed that drought reduced significantly seed fatty acid content and mainly that of the petroselinic one which is reduced by 15 and 20.3% compared with the control under moderate and severe water deficit, respectively. Thus, the major variation consisted in a decrease of the unsatured fatty acids in favour of an increase in satured ones. Besides, the double bond index (DBI) showed significant decrease under the different drought levels which was more pronounced in plants conducted under severe water constraint. In addition, drought increased the essential oil yield. The main essential oil constituents were carvone and limonene. This last showed an increasing of its proportions under water deficit levels. Thus, water deficit induced a significant reduction in fatty acid content and an increase in the essential oil yield.
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fatty acid and essential oil composition of three tunisian caraway Carum Carvi l seed ecotypes
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2010Co-Authors: Bochra Laribi, Karima Kouki, Abdelaziz Mougou, Brahim MarzoukAbstract:BACKGROUND: The essential oil and fatty acid composition of Tunisian annual caraway (Carum Carvi L.) seeds from three ecotypes was investigated by gas chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analyses. RESULTS: Total fatty acid (TFA) proportion of caraway seeds varied from 2.95% to 5.68% (w/w). The fatty acid composition revealed that Tunisian caraway seed oil is rich in an unusual fatty acid—petroselinic acid—the proportion of which varied from 31.53% and 38.36% of TFA. Essential oil yields were relatively low and ranged from 0.86% to 1.20% (w/w). Forty-one volatile compounds were identified, the main ones being carvone (76.78–80.53%) and limonene (13.05–20.29%). CONCLUSION: Tunisian caraway seed oil is rich in an unusual fatty acid—petroselinic acid—which is of potential industrial significance. In addition, Tunisian caraway essential oil is carvone chemotype. This fact is of great economic interest due to the several applications of carvone in the alimentary and medicinal industries. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
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water deficit effects on caraway Carum Carvi l growth essential oil and fatty acid composition
Industrial Crops and Products, 2009Co-Authors: Bochra Laribi, Iness Bettaieb, Karima Kouki, Ali Sahli, Abdelaziz Mougou, Brahim MarzoukAbstract:Abstract The Mediterranean region suffers of drought which affects plant behaviour regarding biochemical responses. Accordingly, the effects of water deficit on growth, essential oil and fatty acid composition of caraway ( Carum Carvi L.) seeds were investigated. Plants were treated with different levels of water deficit: control, moderate water deficit and severe water deficit. Plant growth (height, fresh and dry matter weight) was significantly reduced by severe water deficit. This last caused also important reductions of the seed yield and yield components. Drought decreased significantly seed total fatty acid contents and particularly the petroselinic ones whose proportions decreased significantly by 12.17 and 18.47%, in comparison with the control, under moderate water deficit and severe water deficit, respectively. Besides, moderate water deficit increased the essential oil yield (expressed as g/100 g on the basis of dry matter weight). The main essential oil constituents were carvone and limonene which showed an increasing of their contents under water deficit levels. Thus, water deficit induced a significant reduction in growth parameters and fatty acid content, and an increase in the essential oil compounds. These bioactive compounds have been required in many industrial products.
Karima Kouki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative gc analysis of seed essential oils from tunisian and german caraway Carum Carvi l ecotypes
Pharmacognosy Communications, 2012Co-Authors: Bochra Laribi, Karima Kouki, Abdelaziz Mougou, Taoufi Bettaieb, Brahim MarzoukAbstract:Previously, we showed that Tunisian caraway essential oil is characterized by the prevalence of carvone as the main *Correspondence Bochra Laribi Bochra Laribi, Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie. 43, Av. Charles Nicolle-1082, Tunis, Tunisia. Tel.: (+216) 71 28 71 10; Fax: (+216) 71 79 93 91 Email: bochra_laribi@yahoo.fr DOI: 10.5530/pc.2012.4.8 ABSTRACT : Background: Caraway ( Carum Carvi L.) seeds have been used numerously throughout history as a condiment and for its medicinal properties. Objective: The present study aims to compare the Tunisian and German caraway ecotypes regarding their seed essential oil compositions. Materials and Methods: Seed essential oil composition of two caraway ecotypes from Tunisia and Germany, cultivated under the same pedoclimatic and cultural conditions has been analysed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: The essential oil yields differed signifi cantly between the two caraway ecotypes: 1.41% and 0.48% for Tunisian and German seeds, respectively. Forty one (41) volatile compounds were identifi ed in the two oil samples where carvone and limonene constituted the main components but with signifi cantly different proportions. Consequently, the two caraway ecotypes displayed the same chemotype, namely carvone. Additionally, the proportions of some minor essential oil compounds such as ketones, oxygenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were found to be signifi cantly different between the German caraway seed essential oil and the Tunisian one. Conclusion: Since the infl uence of different environmental factors has been eliminated, the observed differences in seed essential oil yield and composition between the two studied ecotypes seem likely to result from the genetic variability.
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rapd based assessment of genetic diversity among annual caraway Carum Carvi populations
Eurasian Journal of Biosciences, 2011Co-Authors: Bochra Laribi, Abdelwahed Ghorbel, Karima Kouki, Nejia Zoghlami, Myriam Lamine, Abdelaziz MougouAbstract:For the first time, genetic variability and differentiation among five annual caraway (Carum Carvi) populations originating from Tunisia, Germany and Egypt were examined. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker data were obtained and analysed with respect to genetic diversity, population structure and gene flow. Fourteen primers generated a total of 136 discernible and reproducible bands across the analyzed populations, out of which 56 were polymorphic. The UPGMA cluster analysis permitted the discrimination of all the genotypes and their sorting into 3 main groups. Tunisian caraway populations diverged significantly from German and Egyptian ones. Population clustering was made dependently from geographic origin. This has been further explained at the DNA level as we were able to select a set of RAPD fingerprints unique to each of the studied populations. Furthermore, dimensional graph derived from factorial analysis of RAPD frequency data, allowed significant grouping of the genotypes into five sub-plots, representing each one population. Shannon's index values showed that variation ranks between rather than within populations. These results indicated that considerable genetic differences among C. Carvi populations were registered.
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essential oil and fatty acid composition of a tunisian caraway Carum Carvi l seed ecotype cultivated under water deficit
2011Co-Authors: Bochra Laribi, Karima Kouki, Ali Sahli, Abdelaziz Mougou, Brahim MarzoukAbstract:The effects of water deficit on essential oil and fatty acid composition of Tunisian caraway (Carum Carvi L.) were investigated. Plants grown from seeds of Menzel Temime ecotype were treated with different levels of water deficit: control (100% ETc), moderate water deficit (50% ETc) and severe water deficit (25% ETc). Essential oil extraction was performed by hydrodistillation. Total lipids were extracted by a solvent mixture of chloroform/ methanol/ hexane (4:3:2, v/v/v). Analyses were carried out using gas chromatography-FID equipped with a polar column (polyethylene glycol). Fatty acid composition revealed that drought reduced significantly seed fatty acid content and mainly that of the petroselinic one which is reduced by 15 and 20.3% compared with the control under moderate and severe water deficit, respectively. Thus, the major variation consisted in a decrease of the unsatured fatty acids in favour of an increase in satured ones. Besides, the double bond index (DBI) showed significant decrease under the different drought levels which was more pronounced in plants conducted under severe water constraint. In addition, drought increased the essential oil yield. The main essential oil constituents were carvone and limonene. This last showed an increasing of its proportions under water deficit levels. Thus, water deficit induced a significant reduction in fatty acid content and an increase in the essential oil yield.
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fatty acid and essential oil composition of three tunisian caraway Carum Carvi l seed ecotypes
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2010Co-Authors: Bochra Laribi, Karima Kouki, Abdelaziz Mougou, Brahim MarzoukAbstract:BACKGROUND: The essential oil and fatty acid composition of Tunisian annual caraway (Carum Carvi L.) seeds from three ecotypes was investigated by gas chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analyses. RESULTS: Total fatty acid (TFA) proportion of caraway seeds varied from 2.95% to 5.68% (w/w). The fatty acid composition revealed that Tunisian caraway seed oil is rich in an unusual fatty acid—petroselinic acid—the proportion of which varied from 31.53% and 38.36% of TFA. Essential oil yields were relatively low and ranged from 0.86% to 1.20% (w/w). Forty-one volatile compounds were identified, the main ones being carvone (76.78–80.53%) and limonene (13.05–20.29%). CONCLUSION: Tunisian caraway seed oil is rich in an unusual fatty acid—petroselinic acid—which is of potential industrial significance. In addition, Tunisian caraway essential oil is carvone chemotype. This fact is of great economic interest due to the several applications of carvone in the alimentary and medicinal industries. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
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water deficit effects on caraway Carum Carvi l growth essential oil and fatty acid composition
Industrial Crops and Products, 2009Co-Authors: Bochra Laribi, Iness Bettaieb, Karima Kouki, Ali Sahli, Abdelaziz Mougou, Brahim MarzoukAbstract:Abstract The Mediterranean region suffers of drought which affects plant behaviour regarding biochemical responses. Accordingly, the effects of water deficit on growth, essential oil and fatty acid composition of caraway ( Carum Carvi L.) seeds were investigated. Plants were treated with different levels of water deficit: control, moderate water deficit and severe water deficit. Plant growth (height, fresh and dry matter weight) was significantly reduced by severe water deficit. This last caused also important reductions of the seed yield and yield components. Drought decreased significantly seed total fatty acid contents and particularly the petroselinic ones whose proportions decreased significantly by 12.17 and 18.47%, in comparison with the control, under moderate water deficit and severe water deficit, respectively. Besides, moderate water deficit increased the essential oil yield (expressed as g/100 g on the basis of dry matter weight). The main essential oil constituents were carvone and limonene which showed an increasing of their contents under water deficit levels. Thus, water deficit induced a significant reduction in growth parameters and fatty acid content, and an increase in the essential oil compounds. These bioactive compounds have been required in many industrial products.
Ilkwon Park - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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insecticidal and acetylcholine esterase inhibition activity of apiaceae plant essential oils and their constituents against adults of german cockroach blattella germanica
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2012Co-Authors: Hwajeong Yeom, Jae Soon Kang, Ilkwon ParkAbstract:We evaluated the insecticidal and acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibition activity of 11 Apiaceae plant essential oils and their constituents in adult male and female Blattella germanica. Of the 11 Apiaceae plant essential oils tested, dill (Anethum graveolens), Carvi (Carum Carvi), and cumin (Cuminum cyminum) demonstrated >90% fumigant toxicity against adult male German cockroaches at a concentration of 5 mg/filter paper. In a contact toxicity test, dill (Anethum graveolens), Carvi (Carum Carvi), cumin (Cuminum cyminum), and ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi) produced strong insecticidal activity against adult male and female German cockroaches. Among the test compounds, (S)-(+)-carvone, 1,8-cineole, trans-dihydrocarvone, cuminaldehyde, trans-anethole, p-cymene, and γ-terpinene demonstrated strong fumigant toxicity against adult male and female B. germanica. In a contact toxicity test, carveol, cuminaldehyde, (S)-(+)-carvone, trans-anethole, thymol, and p-cymene showed strong contact toxicity against adult mal...
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fumigant antitermitic activity of plant essential oils and components from ajowan trachyspermum ammi allspice pimenta dioica caraway Carum Carvi dill anethum graveolens geranium pelargonium graveolens and litsea litsea cubeba oils against japanese te
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2009Co-Authors: Changhoon Shin, Sangchul Shin, Ilkwon ParkAbstract:Plant essential oils from 26 plant species were tested for their insecticidal activities against the Japanese termite, Reticulitermes speratus Kolbe, using a fumigation bioassay. Responses varied with source, exposure time, and concentration. Among the essential oils tested, strong insecticidal activity was observed with the essential oils of ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi), allspice (Pimenta dioica), caraway (Carum Carvi), dill (Anethum graveolens), geranium (Pelargonium graveolens), and litsea (Litsea cubeba). The composition of six essential oils was identified by using gas chromatography−mass spectrometry. The compounds thus identified were tested individually for their insecticidal activities against Japanese termites. Responses varied in a dose-dependent manner for each compound. Phenol compounds exhibited the strongest insecticidal activity among the test compounds; furthermore, alcohol and aldehyde groups were more toxic than hydrocarbons. The essential oils and compounds described herein merit furthe...
Abdelaziz Mougou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative gc analysis of seed essential oils from tunisian and german caraway Carum Carvi l ecotypes
Pharmacognosy Communications, 2012Co-Authors: Bochra Laribi, Karima Kouki, Abdelaziz Mougou, Taoufi Bettaieb, Brahim MarzoukAbstract:Previously, we showed that Tunisian caraway essential oil is characterized by the prevalence of carvone as the main *Correspondence Bochra Laribi Bochra Laribi, Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie. 43, Av. Charles Nicolle-1082, Tunis, Tunisia. Tel.: (+216) 71 28 71 10; Fax: (+216) 71 79 93 91 Email: bochra_laribi@yahoo.fr DOI: 10.5530/pc.2012.4.8 ABSTRACT : Background: Caraway ( Carum Carvi L.) seeds have been used numerously throughout history as a condiment and for its medicinal properties. Objective: The present study aims to compare the Tunisian and German caraway ecotypes regarding their seed essential oil compositions. Materials and Methods: Seed essential oil composition of two caraway ecotypes from Tunisia and Germany, cultivated under the same pedoclimatic and cultural conditions has been analysed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: The essential oil yields differed signifi cantly between the two caraway ecotypes: 1.41% and 0.48% for Tunisian and German seeds, respectively. Forty one (41) volatile compounds were identifi ed in the two oil samples where carvone and limonene constituted the main components but with signifi cantly different proportions. Consequently, the two caraway ecotypes displayed the same chemotype, namely carvone. Additionally, the proportions of some minor essential oil compounds such as ketones, oxygenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were found to be signifi cantly different between the German caraway seed essential oil and the Tunisian one. Conclusion: Since the infl uence of different environmental factors has been eliminated, the observed differences in seed essential oil yield and composition between the two studied ecotypes seem likely to result from the genetic variability.
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rapd based assessment of genetic diversity among annual caraway Carum Carvi populations
Eurasian Journal of Biosciences, 2011Co-Authors: Bochra Laribi, Abdelwahed Ghorbel, Karima Kouki, Nejia Zoghlami, Myriam Lamine, Abdelaziz MougouAbstract:For the first time, genetic variability and differentiation among five annual caraway (Carum Carvi) populations originating from Tunisia, Germany and Egypt were examined. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker data were obtained and analysed with respect to genetic diversity, population structure and gene flow. Fourteen primers generated a total of 136 discernible and reproducible bands across the analyzed populations, out of which 56 were polymorphic. The UPGMA cluster analysis permitted the discrimination of all the genotypes and their sorting into 3 main groups. Tunisian caraway populations diverged significantly from German and Egyptian ones. Population clustering was made dependently from geographic origin. This has been further explained at the DNA level as we were able to select a set of RAPD fingerprints unique to each of the studied populations. Furthermore, dimensional graph derived from factorial analysis of RAPD frequency data, allowed significant grouping of the genotypes into five sub-plots, representing each one population. Shannon's index values showed that variation ranks between rather than within populations. These results indicated that considerable genetic differences among C. Carvi populations were registered.
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essential oil and fatty acid composition of a tunisian caraway Carum Carvi l seed ecotype cultivated under water deficit
2011Co-Authors: Bochra Laribi, Karima Kouki, Ali Sahli, Abdelaziz Mougou, Brahim MarzoukAbstract:The effects of water deficit on essential oil and fatty acid composition of Tunisian caraway (Carum Carvi L.) were investigated. Plants grown from seeds of Menzel Temime ecotype were treated with different levels of water deficit: control (100% ETc), moderate water deficit (50% ETc) and severe water deficit (25% ETc). Essential oil extraction was performed by hydrodistillation. Total lipids were extracted by a solvent mixture of chloroform/ methanol/ hexane (4:3:2, v/v/v). Analyses were carried out using gas chromatography-FID equipped with a polar column (polyethylene glycol). Fatty acid composition revealed that drought reduced significantly seed fatty acid content and mainly that of the petroselinic one which is reduced by 15 and 20.3% compared with the control under moderate and severe water deficit, respectively. Thus, the major variation consisted in a decrease of the unsatured fatty acids in favour of an increase in satured ones. Besides, the double bond index (DBI) showed significant decrease under the different drought levels which was more pronounced in plants conducted under severe water constraint. In addition, drought increased the essential oil yield. The main essential oil constituents were carvone and limonene. This last showed an increasing of its proportions under water deficit levels. Thus, water deficit induced a significant reduction in fatty acid content and an increase in the essential oil yield.
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fatty acid and essential oil composition of three tunisian caraway Carum Carvi l seed ecotypes
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2010Co-Authors: Bochra Laribi, Karima Kouki, Abdelaziz Mougou, Brahim MarzoukAbstract:BACKGROUND: The essential oil and fatty acid composition of Tunisian annual caraway (Carum Carvi L.) seeds from three ecotypes was investigated by gas chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analyses. RESULTS: Total fatty acid (TFA) proportion of caraway seeds varied from 2.95% to 5.68% (w/w). The fatty acid composition revealed that Tunisian caraway seed oil is rich in an unusual fatty acid—petroselinic acid—the proportion of which varied from 31.53% and 38.36% of TFA. Essential oil yields were relatively low and ranged from 0.86% to 1.20% (w/w). Forty-one volatile compounds were identified, the main ones being carvone (76.78–80.53%) and limonene (13.05–20.29%). CONCLUSION: Tunisian caraway seed oil is rich in an unusual fatty acid—petroselinic acid—which is of potential industrial significance. In addition, Tunisian caraway essential oil is carvone chemotype. This fact is of great economic interest due to the several applications of carvone in the alimentary and medicinal industries. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
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water deficit effects on caraway Carum Carvi l growth essential oil and fatty acid composition
Industrial Crops and Products, 2009Co-Authors: Bochra Laribi, Iness Bettaieb, Karima Kouki, Ali Sahli, Abdelaziz Mougou, Brahim MarzoukAbstract:Abstract The Mediterranean region suffers of drought which affects plant behaviour regarding biochemical responses. Accordingly, the effects of water deficit on growth, essential oil and fatty acid composition of caraway ( Carum Carvi L.) seeds were investigated. Plants were treated with different levels of water deficit: control, moderate water deficit and severe water deficit. Plant growth (height, fresh and dry matter weight) was significantly reduced by severe water deficit. This last caused also important reductions of the seed yield and yield components. Drought decreased significantly seed total fatty acid contents and particularly the petroselinic ones whose proportions decreased significantly by 12.17 and 18.47%, in comparison with the control, under moderate water deficit and severe water deficit, respectively. Besides, moderate water deficit increased the essential oil yield (expressed as g/100 g on the basis of dry matter weight). The main essential oil constituents were carvone and limonene which showed an increasing of their contents under water deficit levels. Thus, water deficit induced a significant reduction in growth parameters and fatty acid content, and an increase in the essential oil compounds. These bioactive compounds have been required in many industrial products.