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K S Subba Rao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • GROUND HEAVE FROM Caustic Soda Solution SPILLAGE-A CASE STUDY
    Soils and Foundations, 1994
    Co-Authors: S M Rao, K S Subba Rao
    Abstract:

    The present study discusses the cause of ground heave of an inherently non-swelling, kaolinite-rich red soil (from Bangalore, India) due to prolonged spillage of concentrated (40%, weight/weight Solution) Caustic Soda (sodium hydroxide) Solution into the sub-soil through cracked drains in an industrial establishment. The heave of the foundation soil caused considerable distress to the industrial building. The proposed remedial measures to chemically stabilize the contaminated foundation soil against future Caustic Soda Solution spillage are also considered. The observed heave of the undisturbed soil sample in the laboratory oedometer test on permeation of 40% Caustic Soda Solution and the significantly reduced pH of the outflowing Caustic Soda Solution (pH=9.35), suggested that certain chemical reactions occur during the passage of the strong alkali Solution through the residual soil that is responsible for the ground heave. It is considered that loss of the cementitious iron oxide coatings coupled with the negative charge imparted to the soil particles by the passage of the Caustic Soda Solution, disperse the soil particles that manifests as ground heave. Treatment of the contaminated ground with 5% ferric chloride Solution and simultaneously taking measures to minimize Caustic Soda Solution spillage should stabilize the foundation soil against heave from Caustic Soda attack for several years.

  • GROUND HEAVE FROM Caustic Soda SPILLAGE - A CASE STUDY
    Soils and Foundations, 1994
    Co-Authors: S M Rao, K S Subba Rao
    Abstract:

    The present study discusses the cause of ground heave of an inherently non-swelling, kaolinite-rich red soil (from Bangalore, India) due to prolonged spillage of concentrated (40%, weight/weight Solution) Caustic Soda (sodium hydroxide) Solution into the sub-soil through cracked drains in an industrial establishment. The heave of the foundation soil caused considerable distress to the industrial building. The proposed remedial measures to chemically stabilize the contaminated foundation soil against future Caustic Soda Solution spillage are also considered. The observed heave of the undisturbed soil sample in the laboratory oedometer test on permeation of 40% Caustic Soda Solution and the significantly reduced pH of the outflowing Caustic Soda Solution (pH=9.35), suggested that certain chemical reactions occur during the passage of the strong alkali Solution through the residual soil that is responsible for the ground heave. It is considered that loss of the cementitious iron oxide coatings coupled with the negative charge imparted to the soil particles by the passage of the Caustic Soda Solution, disperse the soil particles that manifests as ground heave. Treatment of the contaminated ground with 5% ferric chloride Solution and simultaneously taking measures to minimize Caustic Soda Solution spillage should stabilize the foundation soil against heave from Caustic Soda attack for several years. (A)

Jakob Jörissen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Recycling of sodium sulfate by high temperature metathesis with hydrogen chloride
    Chemical Engineering & Technology, 1998
    Co-Authors: Carl-friedrich Hoppe, Jakob Jörissen
    Abstract:

    The high temperature metathesis in combination with the well-proven alkali chloride electrolysis and the hydrogen chloride synthesis permits the production of concentrated sulfuric acid and Caustic Soda Solution of commercial quality from sodium sulfate. The fundamental principles of the process have been elucidated and mathematically modeled to provide the basis for a process concept and for an estimation of the optimal operating conditions. The thermal energy can principally be met from the hydrogen chloride synthesis. Several questions concerning chemistry, process engineering, and material selection must still to be resolved, so that an economic evaluation of the process is not yet possible.

S M Rao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • GROUND HEAVE FROM Caustic Soda Solution SPILLAGE-A CASE STUDY
    Soils and Foundations, 1994
    Co-Authors: S M Rao, K S Subba Rao
    Abstract:

    The present study discusses the cause of ground heave of an inherently non-swelling, kaolinite-rich red soil (from Bangalore, India) due to prolonged spillage of concentrated (40%, weight/weight Solution) Caustic Soda (sodium hydroxide) Solution into the sub-soil through cracked drains in an industrial establishment. The heave of the foundation soil caused considerable distress to the industrial building. The proposed remedial measures to chemically stabilize the contaminated foundation soil against future Caustic Soda Solution spillage are also considered. The observed heave of the undisturbed soil sample in the laboratory oedometer test on permeation of 40% Caustic Soda Solution and the significantly reduced pH of the outflowing Caustic Soda Solution (pH=9.35), suggested that certain chemical reactions occur during the passage of the strong alkali Solution through the residual soil that is responsible for the ground heave. It is considered that loss of the cementitious iron oxide coatings coupled with the negative charge imparted to the soil particles by the passage of the Caustic Soda Solution, disperse the soil particles that manifests as ground heave. Treatment of the contaminated ground with 5% ferric chloride Solution and simultaneously taking measures to minimize Caustic Soda Solution spillage should stabilize the foundation soil against heave from Caustic Soda attack for several years.

  • GROUND HEAVE FROM Caustic Soda SPILLAGE - A CASE STUDY
    Soils and Foundations, 1994
    Co-Authors: S M Rao, K S Subba Rao
    Abstract:

    The present study discusses the cause of ground heave of an inherently non-swelling, kaolinite-rich red soil (from Bangalore, India) due to prolonged spillage of concentrated (40%, weight/weight Solution) Caustic Soda (sodium hydroxide) Solution into the sub-soil through cracked drains in an industrial establishment. The heave of the foundation soil caused considerable distress to the industrial building. The proposed remedial measures to chemically stabilize the contaminated foundation soil against future Caustic Soda Solution spillage are also considered. The observed heave of the undisturbed soil sample in the laboratory oedometer test on permeation of 40% Caustic Soda Solution and the significantly reduced pH of the outflowing Caustic Soda Solution (pH=9.35), suggested that certain chemical reactions occur during the passage of the strong alkali Solution through the residual soil that is responsible for the ground heave. It is considered that loss of the cementitious iron oxide coatings coupled with the negative charge imparted to the soil particles by the passage of the Caustic Soda Solution, disperse the soil particles that manifests as ground heave. Treatment of the contaminated ground with 5% ferric chloride Solution and simultaneously taking measures to minimize Caustic Soda Solution spillage should stabilize the foundation soil against heave from Caustic Soda attack for several years. (A)

Carl-friedrich Hoppe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Recycling of sodium sulfate by high temperature metathesis with hydrogen chloride
    Chemical Engineering & Technology, 1998
    Co-Authors: Carl-friedrich Hoppe, Jakob Jörissen
    Abstract:

    The high temperature metathesis in combination with the well-proven alkali chloride electrolysis and the hydrogen chloride synthesis permits the production of concentrated sulfuric acid and Caustic Soda Solution of commercial quality from sodium sulfate. The fundamental principles of the process have been elucidated and mathematically modeled to provide the basis for a process concept and for an estimation of the optimal operating conditions. The thermal energy can principally be met from the hydrogen chloride synthesis. Several questions concerning chemistry, process engineering, and material selection must still to be resolved, so that an economic evaluation of the process is not yet possible.

Helena M. V. M. Soares - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Recycling of aluminum and Caustic Soda Solution from waste effluents generated during the cleaning of the extruder matrixes of the aluminum industry.
    Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2011
    Co-Authors: Pieter Tansens, Alberto T. Rodal, Carina M. M. Machado, Helena M. V. M. Soares
    Abstract:

    Anodising industries use a concentrated Caustic Soda Solution to remove aluminum from extruder matrixes. This procedure produces very alkaline effluents containing high amounts of aluminum. The work reported here was focussed on recycling aluminum, as aluminum hydroxide, from these effluents and regenerating an alkaline sodium hydroxide Solution. Briefly, the method comprises a dilution step (necessary for reducing the viscosity of the effluent and allowing the subsequent filtration) followed by a filtration to eliminate a substantial amount of the insoluble iron. Then, sulphuric acid was added to neutralize the waste Solution down to pH 12 and induce aluminum precipitation. The purity of the aluminum salt was improved after washing the precipitate with deionised water. The characterization of the solid recovered, performed by thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, indicated characteristics typical of bayerite. The proposal method allowed recovering 82% of the aluminum present in the wastewater with high purity (99.5%). Additionally, a sufficiently concentrated Caustic Soda Solution was also recovered, which can be reused in the anodising industries. This procedure can be easily implemented and ensures economy by recycling reagents (concentrated Caustic Soda Solution) and by recovering commercial by-products (aluminum hydroxide), while avoiding environmental pollution.