The Experts below are selected from a list of 219 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Diana Berggren - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Spontaneous hair-Cell Renewal following gentamicin exposure in postnatal rat utricular explants.
    Hearing research, 2020
    Co-Authors: Diana Berggren, Dorothy Frenz, Thomas Van De Water
    Abstract:

    We have established an in vitro model of long-time culture of 4-day-old rat utricular maculae to study aminoglycoside-induced vestibular hair-Cell Renewal in the mammalian inner ear. The explanted maculae were cultured for up to 28 days on the surface of a membrane insert system. In an initial series of experiments utricles were exposed to 1 mM of gentamicin for 48 h and then allowed to recover in unsupplemented medium or in medium supplemented with the anti-mitotic drug aphidicolin. In a parallel control series, explants were not exposed to gentamicin. Utricles were harvested at specified time points from the second through the 28th day in vitro. Whole-mount utricles were stained with phalloidin-fluorescein isothiocyanate and their stereociliary bundles visualized and counted. In a second experimental series 2'-bromo-5'deoxyuridine labeling was used to confirm the antimitotic efficacy of aphidicolin. Loss of hair-Cell stereociliary bundles was nearly complete 3 days after exposure to gentamicin, with the density of stereociliary bundles only 3-4% of their original density. Renewal of hair-Cell bundles was abundant (i.e. 15x increase) in cultures in unsupplemented medium, with a peak of stereociliary bundle Renewal reached after 21 days in vitro. A limited amount of hair-Cell Renewal also occurred in the presence of the anti-mitotic drug, aphidicolin. These results suggest that spontaneous Renewal of hair-Cell stereociliary bundles following gentamicin damage in utricular explants predominantly follows a pathway that includes mitotic events, but that a small portion of the hair-Cell stereociliary bundle Renewal does not require mitotic activity.

  • Role of Transdifferentiation/Proliferation in Vestibular Hair Cell Renewal within Ototoxin-challenged Utricle Explants
    2016
    Co-Authors: Mimmi Werner, Barbara Canlon, Agneta Viberg, Thomas R. Van De Water, Hans Stenlund, Diana Berggren
    Abstract:

    Role of Transdifferentiation/Proliferation in Vestibular Hair Cell Renewal within Ototoxin-challenged Utricle Explants

  • Hair Cell characteristics after hair Cell Renewal-An ultrastructural study of gentamicin exposed rat utricular explants
    2016
    Co-Authors: Mimmi Werner, Thomas R. Van De Water, Hans Stenlund, Diana Berggren
    Abstract:

    Hair Cell characteristics after hair Cell Renewal-An ultrastructural study of gentamicin exposed rat utricular explants

Philip A Beachy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • tissue repair and stem Cell Renewal in carcinogenesis
    Nature, 2004
    Co-Authors: Philip A Beachy, Sunil S Karhadkar, David M Berman
    Abstract:

    Cancer is increasingly being viewed as a stem Cell disease, both in its propagation by a minority of Cells with stem-Cell-like properties and in its possible derivation from normal tissue stem Cells. But stem Cell activity is tightly controlled, raising the question of how normal regulation might be subverted in carcinogenesis. The long-known association between cancer and chronic tissue injury, and the more recently appreciated roles of Hedgehog and Wnt signalling pathways in tissue regeneration, stem Cell Renewal and cancer growth together suggest that carcinogenesis proceeds by misappropriating homeostatic mechanisms that govern tissue repair and stem Cell self-Renewal.

Hong Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation attenuates taste progenitor Cell proliferation and shortens the life span of taste bud Cells
    BMC Neuroscience, 2010
    Co-Authors: Zachary J Cohn, Liquan Huang, Joseph Brand, Hong Wang
    Abstract:

    Background The mammalian taste bud, a complex collection of taste sensory Cells, supporting Cells, and immature basal Cells, is the structural unit for detecting taste stimuli in the oral cavity. Even though the Cells of the taste bud undergo constant turnover, the structural homeostasis of the bud is maintained by balancing Cell proliferation and Cell death. Compared with nongustatory lingual epithelial Cells, taste Cells express higher levels of several inflammatory receptors and signalling proteins. Whether inflammation, an underlying condition in some diseases associated with taste disorders, interferes with taste Cell Renewal and turnover is unknown. Here we report the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation on taste progenitor Cell proliferation and taste bud Cell turnover in mouse taste tissues. Results Intraperitoneal injection of LPS rapidly induced expression of several inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ, and interleukin (IL)-6, in mouse circumvallate and foliate papillae. TNF-α and IFN-γ immunoreactivities were preferentially localized to subsets of Cells in taste buds. LPS-induced inflammation significantly reduced the number of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU)-labeled newborn taste bud Cells 1-3 days after LPS injection, suggesting an inhibition of taste bud Cell Renewal. BrdU pulse-chase experiments showed that BrdU-labeled taste Cells had a shorter average life span in LPS-treated mice than in controls. To investigate whether LPS inhibits taste Cell Renewal by suppressing taste progenitor Cell proliferation, we studied the expression of Ki67, a Cell proliferation marker. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR revealed that LPS markedly reduced Ki67 mRNA levels in circumvallate and foliate epithelia. Immunofluorescent staining using anti-Ki67 antibodies showed that LPS decreased the number of Ki67-positive Cells in the basal regions surrounding circumvallate taste buds, the niche for taste progenitor Cells. PCR array experiments showed that the expression of cyclin B2 and E2F1, two key Cell cycle regulators, was markedly downregulated by LPS in the circumvallate and foliate epithelia. Conclusions Our results show that LPS-induced inflammation inhibits taste progenitor Cell proliferation and interferes with taste Cell Renewal. LPS accelerates Cell turnover and modestly shortens the average life span of taste Cells. These effects of inflammation may contribute to the development of taste disorders associated with infections.

David M Berman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • tissue repair and stem Cell Renewal in carcinogenesis
    Nature, 2004
    Co-Authors: Philip A Beachy, Sunil S Karhadkar, David M Berman
    Abstract:

    Cancer is increasingly being viewed as a stem Cell disease, both in its propagation by a minority of Cells with stem-Cell-like properties and in its possible derivation from normal tissue stem Cells. But stem Cell activity is tightly controlled, raising the question of how normal regulation might be subverted in carcinogenesis. The long-known association between cancer and chronic tissue injury, and the more recently appreciated roles of Hedgehog and Wnt signalling pathways in tissue regeneration, stem Cell Renewal and cancer growth together suggest that carcinogenesis proceeds by misappropriating homeostatic mechanisms that govern tissue repair and stem Cell self-Renewal.

Thomas R. Van De Water - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.