The Experts below are selected from a list of 2082 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Erika Isolauri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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serum Cheek Cell and breast milk fatty acid compositions in infants with atopic and non atopic eczema
Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 2006Co-Authors: Kirsi Laitinen, J Sallinen, Kaisa M Linderborg, Erika IsolauriAbstract:Summary Background The major theory implicating diet with allergic diseases is associated with altered food consumption and subsequent changes in fatty acid composition. Objective To investigate fatty acid compositions among infants with atopic and non-atopic eczema and healthy infants and to evaluate the expediency of non-invasive Cheek Cell phospholipid fatty acid composition as a marker in patients with eczema. Methods Diagnosis of eczema in infants was confirmed clinically and by positive (atopic eczema, n=6) or negative (non-atopic eczema, n=6) skin prick testing in comparison with controls (n=19). The fatty acid compositions of infant Cheek Cell and serum phospholipids and breast milk total lipids were analysed by gas chromatography. Results The distinction between atopic and non-atopic eczema was manifested in Cheek Cell phospholipids as linoleic acid (14.69 (13.67–15.53)% of total fatty acids; the median (interquartile range)), the sum of n-6 fatty acids (19.94 (19.06–20.53)%) and the sum of polyunsaturated fatty acids (22.70 (21.31–23.28)%) were higher in infants with atopic eczema compared with non-atopic eczema (12.69 (10.87–13.93); 17.72 (15.63–18.91) and 19.90 (17.64–21.06), respectively; P<0.05) and controls (12.50 (12.16–13.42); 18.19 (17.43–18.70) and 20.32 (19.32–21.03), respectively; P<0.05). Serum phospholipid γ-linolenic acid was lower in both atopic and non-atopic eczema compared with controls (P<0.05) and additionally eicosapentaenoic acid was higher in atopic eczema compared with controls (P<0.05). Conclusion These preliminary results suggest differences in fatty acid compositions between the two types of eczema, calling for further evaluation in a larger setting. The two types of eczema may be regulated by different immunological processes, and fatty acids may have a more profound role in the atopic type.
Monika Ritschmarte - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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quantitative imaging of complex samples by spiral phase contrast microscopy
Optics Express, 2006Co-Authors: Stefan Bernet, Christian Maurer, Alexander Jesacher, Severin Furhapter, Monika RitschmarteAbstract:Recently a spatial spiral phase filter in a Fourier plane of a microscopic imaging setup has been demonstrated to produce edge enhancement and relief-like shadow formation of amplitude and phase samples. Here we demonstrate that a sequence of at least 3 spatially filtered images, which are recorded with different rotational orientations of the spiral phase plate, can be used to obtain a quantitative reconstruction of both, amplitude and phase information of a complex microscopic sample, i.e. an object consisting of mixed absorptive and refractive components. The method is demonstrated using a calibrated phase sample, and an epithelial Cheek Cell.
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shadow effects in spiral phase contrast microscopy
Physical Review Letters, 2005Co-Authors: Alexander Jesacher, Stefan Bernet, Severin Furhapter, Monika RitschmarteAbstract:: Recently it has been demonstrated that spatial filtering of images in microscopy with a spiral phase element in a Fourier plane of the optical path results in a strong edge enhancement of object structures. In principle the operation is isotropic, i.e., all phase edges of a sample object are highlighted simultaneously, independent of their local direction. However, here we demonstrate that the symmetry can be broken intentionally by controlling the phase of the central area of a spiral phase hologram, which is displayed at a computer controlled spatial light modulator. This produces an apparent shadow effect which can be rotated at video rate. The resulting relieflike impression of the sample topography with a longitudinal resolution in the subwavelength regime is demonstrated by imaging a standard low contrast test sample consisting of a human Cheek Cell.
Berthold Koletzko - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparison of the incorporation of orally administered DHA into plasma, erythrocyte and Cheek Cell glycerophospholipids
The British journal of nutrition, 2012Co-Authors: Mario Klingler, Hans Demmelmair, Sabrina Klem, Berthold KoletzkoAbstract:Adequate intake of n-3 fatty acids plays an important role in human health. The analysis of various blood lipids is used as a measure of fatty acid status in humans. Cheek Cell phospholipids (PL) have also been proposed as biological markers, but are rarely used in clinical studies due to limitations in sample quality and quantity. An improved method for the analysis of Cheek Cell glycerophospholipid fatty acids is applied in a 29 d supplementation trial with 510 mg DHA daily. The DHA increases in Cheek Cell, plasma and erythrocyte glycerophospholipids are compared. High correlations are shown for glycerophospholipid DHA between Cheek Cells and plasma (r 0·88) and erythrocytes (r 0·76) before study commencement. After the daily supplementation of DHA, the half-maximal glycerophospholipid DHA level is reached after about 4 d in plasma, 6 d in erythrocytes and 10 d in Cheek Cells. The mean DHA increase (mol%) relative to baseline was most prominent in plasma (186 %), followed by Cheek Cells (180 %) and erythrocytes (130 %). Considering a lag phase of about 5 d, Cheek Cells reflect short-term changes in dietary fat uptake. Based on the data of the present study, they can be used alternatively to plasma and erythrocyte PL as non-invasive n-3 fatty acid status markers.
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Fatty acid status determination by Cheek Cell sampling combined with methanol-based ultrasound extraction of glycerophospholipids.
Lipids, 2011Co-Authors: Mario Klingler, Hans Demmelmair, Berthold Koletzko, Claudia GlaserAbstract:Tissue and blood fatty acid compositions are used as biological markers of fatty acid intakes to improve dietary assessments. These approaches are invasive and not well accepted, particularly in infants and young children. We developed a sensitive method for the analysis of fatty acids in Cheek Cell glycerophospholipids, which includes significant improvements of Cell sampling, non-chromatographic isolation of glycerophospholipids and base-catalyzed synthesis of fatty acid methyl esters. Sphingophospholipids are not detected by this method. This enables a highly accurate determination of Cheek Cell glycerophospholipid fatty acids, even if Cell numbers are limited. Coefficients of variation for fatty acids contributing more than 0.3% to total glycerophospholipid fatty acids are below 10% in samples with more than 105 Cells. Good correlations were shown between docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acid percentages in Cheek Cell and plasma glycerophospholipids (r = 0.83 and 0.64, respectively; P < 0.001) with a linear relationship over the whole concentration range observed in adult study participants (n = 29). Cheek Cell sampling is non-invasive and can easily be applied in infants. The accuracy and reliability of this new method is comparable to conventional invasive methods for the determination of the n-3 fatty acid status in humans, and it is well applicable in interventional or epidemiological studies.
Alexander Jesacher - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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quantitative imaging of complex samples by spiral phase contrast microscopy
Optics Express, 2006Co-Authors: Stefan Bernet, Christian Maurer, Alexander Jesacher, Severin Furhapter, Monika RitschmarteAbstract:Recently a spatial spiral phase filter in a Fourier plane of a microscopic imaging setup has been demonstrated to produce edge enhancement and relief-like shadow formation of amplitude and phase samples. Here we demonstrate that a sequence of at least 3 spatially filtered images, which are recorded with different rotational orientations of the spiral phase plate, can be used to obtain a quantitative reconstruction of both, amplitude and phase information of a complex microscopic sample, i.e. an object consisting of mixed absorptive and refractive components. The method is demonstrated using a calibrated phase sample, and an epithelial Cheek Cell.
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shadow effects in spiral phase contrast microscopy
Physical Review Letters, 2005Co-Authors: Alexander Jesacher, Stefan Bernet, Severin Furhapter, Monika RitschmarteAbstract:: Recently it has been demonstrated that spatial filtering of images in microscopy with a spiral phase element in a Fourier plane of the optical path results in a strong edge enhancement of object structures. In principle the operation is isotropic, i.e., all phase edges of a sample object are highlighted simultaneously, independent of their local direction. However, here we demonstrate that the symmetry can be broken intentionally by controlling the phase of the central area of a spiral phase hologram, which is displayed at a computer controlled spatial light modulator. This produces an apparent shadow effect which can be rotated at video rate. The resulting relieflike impression of the sample topography with a longitudinal resolution in the subwavelength regime is demonstrated by imaging a standard low contrast test sample consisting of a human Cheek Cell.
Stefan Bernet - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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quantitative imaging of complex samples by spiral phase contrast microscopy
Optics Express, 2006Co-Authors: Stefan Bernet, Christian Maurer, Alexander Jesacher, Severin Furhapter, Monika RitschmarteAbstract:Recently a spatial spiral phase filter in a Fourier plane of a microscopic imaging setup has been demonstrated to produce edge enhancement and relief-like shadow formation of amplitude and phase samples. Here we demonstrate that a sequence of at least 3 spatially filtered images, which are recorded with different rotational orientations of the spiral phase plate, can be used to obtain a quantitative reconstruction of both, amplitude and phase information of a complex microscopic sample, i.e. an object consisting of mixed absorptive and refractive components. The method is demonstrated using a calibrated phase sample, and an epithelial Cheek Cell.
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shadow effects in spiral phase contrast microscopy
Physical Review Letters, 2005Co-Authors: Alexander Jesacher, Stefan Bernet, Severin Furhapter, Monika RitschmarteAbstract:: Recently it has been demonstrated that spatial filtering of images in microscopy with a spiral phase element in a Fourier plane of the optical path results in a strong edge enhancement of object structures. In principle the operation is isotropic, i.e., all phase edges of a sample object are highlighted simultaneously, independent of their local direction. However, here we demonstrate that the symmetry can be broken intentionally by controlling the phase of the central area of a spiral phase hologram, which is displayed at a computer controlled spatial light modulator. This produces an apparent shadow effect which can be rotated at video rate. The resulting relieflike impression of the sample topography with a longitudinal resolution in the subwavelength regime is demonstrated by imaging a standard low contrast test sample consisting of a human Cheek Cell.