The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Edward J Fitzgerald - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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systematic review and meta analysis of Chewing Gum therapy in the reduction of postoperative paralytic ileus following gastrointestinal surgery
World Journal of Surgery, 2009Co-Authors: Edward J Fitzgerald, Irfan AhmedAbstract:Background Postoperative ileus has long been considered an inevitable consequence of gastrointestinal surgery. It prolongs hospital stay, increases morbidity, and adds to treatment costs. Chewing is a form of sham feeding reported to stimulate bowel motility. This analysis examines the value of Chewing-Gum therapy in treatment of postoperative ileus.
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systematic review and meta analysis of Chewing Gum therapy in the reduction of postoperative paralytic ileus following gastrointestinal surgery
World Journal of Surgery, 2009Co-Authors: Edward J Fitzgerald, Irfan AhmedAbstract:Postoperative ileus has long been considered an inevitable consequence of gastrointestinal surgery. It prolongs hospital stay, increases morbidity, and adds to treatment costs. Chewing is a form of sham feeding reported to stimulate bowel motility. This analysis examines the value of Chewing-Gum therapy in treatment of postoperative ileus. A search for randomized, controlled trials studying elective gastrointestinal surgery was undertaken using MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, and reference lists. Outcomes were extracted including time to first flatus and bowel motion, length of stay, and complications. Statistical analysis was undertaken using the weighted mean difference (WMD) and random-effects model with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Seven studies with 272 patients were included. For time to first flatus the analysis favored treatment with a WMD of 12.6 h (17%) reduction (95% CI −21.49 to −3.72; P = 0.005). For time to first bowel motion, treatment was favored with a WMD of 23.11 h (22%) reduction (95% CI −34.32 to −11.91; P < 0.001). For length of stay, the analysis showed a nonsignificant trend toward treatment with WMD of 23.88 h (12%) reduction (95% CI −53.29 to +5.53; P = 0.11). There were no significant differences in complication rates. Chewing-Gum therapy following open gastrointestinal surgery is beneficial in reducing the period of postoperative ileus, although without a significant reduction in length of hospital stay. These outcomes are not significant for laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery.
Irfan Ahmed - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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systematic review and meta analysis of Chewing Gum therapy in the reduction of postoperative paralytic ileus following gastrointestinal surgery
World Journal of Surgery, 2009Co-Authors: Edward J Fitzgerald, Irfan AhmedAbstract:Background Postoperative ileus has long been considered an inevitable consequence of gastrointestinal surgery. It prolongs hospital stay, increases morbidity, and adds to treatment costs. Chewing is a form of sham feeding reported to stimulate bowel motility. This analysis examines the value of Chewing-Gum therapy in treatment of postoperative ileus.
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systematic review and meta analysis of Chewing Gum therapy in the reduction of postoperative paralytic ileus following gastrointestinal surgery
World Journal of Surgery, 2009Co-Authors: Edward J Fitzgerald, Irfan AhmedAbstract:Postoperative ileus has long been considered an inevitable consequence of gastrointestinal surgery. It prolongs hospital stay, increases morbidity, and adds to treatment costs. Chewing is a form of sham feeding reported to stimulate bowel motility. This analysis examines the value of Chewing-Gum therapy in treatment of postoperative ileus. A search for randomized, controlled trials studying elective gastrointestinal surgery was undertaken using MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, and reference lists. Outcomes were extracted including time to first flatus and bowel motion, length of stay, and complications. Statistical analysis was undertaken using the weighted mean difference (WMD) and random-effects model with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Seven studies with 272 patients were included. For time to first flatus the analysis favored treatment with a WMD of 12.6 h (17%) reduction (95% CI −21.49 to −3.72; P = 0.005). For time to first bowel motion, treatment was favored with a WMD of 23.11 h (22%) reduction (95% CI −34.32 to −11.91; P < 0.001). For length of stay, the analysis showed a nonsignificant trend toward treatment with WMD of 23.88 h (12%) reduction (95% CI −53.29 to +5.53; P = 0.11). There were no significant differences in complication rates. Chewing-Gum therapy following open gastrointestinal surgery is beneficial in reducing the period of postoperative ileus, although without a significant reduction in length of hospital stay. These outcomes are not significant for laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery.
Alfred Adiamah - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the impact of sham feeding with Chewing Gum on postoperative ileus following colorectal surgery a meta analysis of randomised controlled trials
Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery, 2020Co-Authors: Farah Roslan, Anisa Kushairi, Laura Cappuyns, Prita Daliya, Alfred AdiamahAbstract:Chewing Gum as a form of sham feeding is an inexpensive and well-tolerated means of promoting gastrointestinal motility following major abdominal surgery. Although recognised by the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Society as one of the multimodal approaches to expedite recovery after surgery, strong evidence to support its use in routine postoperative practice is lacking. A comprehensive literature review of all randomised controlled trials (RCTs) was performed in the Medline and Embase databases between 2000 and 2019. Studies were selected to compare the use of Chewing Gum versus standard care in the management of postoperative ileus (POI) in adults undergoing colorectal surgery. The primary outcome assessed was the incidence of POI. Secondary outcomes included time to passage of flatus, time to defecation, total length of hospital stay and mortality. Sixteen RCTs were included in the systematic review, of which ten (970 patients) were included in the meta-analysis. The incidence of POI was significantly reduced in patients utilising Chewing Gum compared to those having standard care (RR 0.55, 95% CI 0.39, 0.79, p = 0.0009). These patients also had a significant reduction in time to passage of flatus (WMD − 0.31, 95% CI − 0.36, − 0.26, p < 0.00001) and time to defecation (WMD − 0.47, 95% CI − 0.60, − 0.34, p < 0.00001), without significant differences in the total length of hospital stay or mortality. The use of Chewing Gum after colorectal surgery is a safe and effective intervention in reducing the incidence of POI and merits routine use alongside other ERAS pathways in the postoperative setting.
Britt Burtonfreeman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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short term effects of Chewing Gum on satiety and afternoon snack intake in healthy weight and obese women
Physiology & Behavior, 2016Co-Authors: Eunyoung Park, Indika Edirisinghe, Taichi Inui, Sophie Kergoat, Michael Kelley, Britt BurtonfreemanAbstract:Afternoon snacking contributes significantly to total energy intake. Strategies to enhance the satiety value of lunch and reduce afternoon snacking are of interest for body weight management. To assess whether between-meal Gum Chewing would enhance the satiety response to a fixed lunch meal; and assess the role of cholecystokinin (CCK) as a potential mediator of the response in non-obese healthy weight and obese women. Fifty unrestrained obese (n=25) and non-obese healthy weight (n=25) women participated in a two-arm cross-over study assessing multiple (15min per hour×3h) Gum Chewing (Gum) occurrences or no Gum (Control) on subjective ratings of satiety, subsequent sweet and salty snack intake, CCK and general metabolic responses. Gum compared to Control resulted in significant suppression of hunger, desire to eat and prospective consumption (p<0.05). Total snack energy intake was reduced ~9.3% by Gum, but not significantly different from Control (p=0.08). However, overall carbohydrate intake was reduced by Gum (p=0.03). This was consistent with a reduction in snacks characterized as high carbohydrate, low fat (p=0.02). BMI specific effects indicated Gum reduced pretzel intake in obese women (p=0.05) and Oreo cookie intake in healthy weight women (p=0.03) 3h after lunch. Metabolic responses and CCK did not differ between experimental conditions. Chewing Gum intermittently post-lunch enhances perceptions of satiety and may have important implications in reducing afternoon high carbohydrate-snack intake.
Hassan Torabzadeh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effect of two types Chewing Gum containing casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate and xylitol on salivary streptococcus mutans
Journal of Conservative Dentistry, 2015Co-Authors: Shila Emamieh, Yosra Khaterizadeh, Hossein Goudarzi, Amir Ghasemi, Alireza Akbarzadeh Baghban, Hassan TorabzadehAbstract:Aim: The aim was to evaluate the effect of sugar-free Chewing Gum containing casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) and xylitol on salivary Streptococcus mutans. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 dental students of 20-25 years old, who volunteered after checking their health condition and signing an informed consent, were randomly allocated to receive one of the following interventions: (A) Chewing Gum containing CPP-ACP; (B) containing xylitol. Subjects within the experimental groups were taken the Gums 3 times daily, after each meal for a period of 3 weeks. Pre- and post-intervention unstimulated saliva samples were quantified for S. mutans counts. Results: A statistically significant reduction of salivary S. mutans was displayed in both groups A and B after the intervention when compared with baseline (P Conclusion: Daily consumption of Chewing Gum containing CPP-ACP and xylitol significantly reduces the level of salivary S. mutans, but Chewing Gum containing CPP-ACP can reduce the level of salivary S. mutans in more than xylitol Chewing Gum.