The Experts below are selected from a list of 267 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jess Haines - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Time to re-think picky eating?: a relational approach to understanding picky eating
The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity, 2017Co-Authors: Kathryn Walton, Leon Kuczynski, Emma Haycraft, Andrea V. Breen, Jess HainesAbstract:Estimates of picky eating are quite high among young Children, with 14-50% of parents identifying their preschoolers as picky eaters. Dietary intake and preferences during the preschool years are characterized by slowing growth rates and Children developing a sense of autonomy over their feeding and food selection. We argue that the current conceptualization of picky eating defines acts of resistance or expressions of preference (acts of autonomy) by a Child as deviant behaviour. This conceptualization has guided research that uses a unidirectional, parent to Child approach to understanding parent-Child feeding interactions. By reviewing the current feeding literature and drawing parallels from the rich body of Child Socialization literature, we argue that there is a need to both re-examine the concept and parent/clinician perspectives on picky eating. Thus, the objective of this paper is two-fold: 1) We argue for a reconceptualization of picky eating whereby Child agency is considered in terms of eating preferences rather than categorized as compliant or non-compliant behaviour, and 2) We advocate the use of bi-directional relational models of causality and appropriate methodology to understanding the parent-Child feeding relationship. Researchers are often interested in understanding how members in the parent-Child dyad affect one another. Although many tend to focus on the parent to Child direction of these associations, findings from Child Socialization research suggest that influence is bidirectional and non-linear such that parents influence the actions and cognitions of Children and Children influence the actions and cognitions of parents. Bi-directional models of causality are needed to correctly understand parent-Child feeding interactions. A reconceptualization of picky eating may elucidate the influence that parental feeding practices and Child eating habits have on each other. This may allow health professionals to more effectively support parents in developing healthy eating habits among Children, reducing both stress around mealtimes and concerns of picky eating.
Cecil Meeusen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Facilitators of intergenerational similarity in social and political attitudes: the role of discussion, sophistication, attitudinal homogeneity, and gender
Acta Politica, 2020Co-Authors: Cecil Meeusen, Joris BoonenAbstract:While parents remain key socializing agents for political attitudes of adolescents, we observe that parent–Child similarity in these attitudes is less substantial than initially theorized and seems to vary across studies and type of attitude. We hypothesize that social learning mechanisms explain differences in the strength of parent–Child similarity. To assess this proposition, we compare the moderating power of political discussion, political sophistication, parental homogeneity, and gender using data from the Belgian Parent–Child Socialization Study 2013 ( N = 1943 families). Our results demonstrate that parents and Children resemble in their political and social attitudes and that this similarity is stronger for concrete and socially salient attitudes and reinforced by frequency in political discussion. Results also indicate that social learning practices, or at least the ones considered in this study, are not necessary conditions (anymore) for parent–Child correspondence. Frequency of cue-giving in the form of direct communication is important to internalize parental attitudes but political sophistication and consistency in cue-giving less so. Parents and Children correspond even in the absence of optimal social learning conditions which suggests that informal learning and observation of parental behavior are crucial to consider as well.
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the intergenerational transmission of environmental concern the influence of parents and communication patterns within the family
The Journal of Environmental Education, 2014Co-Authors: Cecil MeeusenAbstract:This article reports on the intergenerational transmission of environmental concern and the explanatory power of communication patterns within the family. Using representative data from the Parent-Child Socialization Study in Belgium (PCSS, 2012), this article focuses on the relative influence of the mother and the father, and gender-specific patterns in the transmission of environmental attitudes. The results clearly confirm the transmission hypothesis: both the mother and the father have a significant influence on the environmental concern of their offspring. No gender-specific transmission mechanisms were found. In families that communicate regularly about the environment, transmission was more effective. Nevertheless, the transmission effects were only moderate, indicating that environmental concern may not be a core attitude within Belgian families.
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The link between social attitudes and voting propensities: Attitude-vote consistency among adolescents in Belgium
Electoral Studies, 2014Co-Authors: Joris Boonen, Cecil Meeusen, Ellen QuintelierAbstract:Abstract Research on the political development of adolescents is mainly focused on political engagement and attitudes. The more complex relationship between attitudes and voting behavior is less studied among citizens under the legal voting age. We investigate whether there is a link between social attitudes and voting propensities among Flemish adolescents, using data from the Parent–Child Socialization Study 2012. We observe attitude-vote consistency for three Flemish parties with a clear-cut ideological profile – the Green, radical rightist and Flemish Nationalist party. Findings show that adolescents' attitude-vote consistency is reinforced by their level of political sophistication. The correspondence between social attitudes and vote choice, however, is not impressive and significantly lower than among experienced adults, leaving room for other influential factors.
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The parent–Child similarity in cross-group friendship and anti-immigrant prejudice: A study among 15-year old adolescents and both their parents in Belgium
Journal of Research in Personality, 2014Co-Authors: Cecil MeeusenAbstract:Abstract The aim of this article is to investigate the role of parental cross-group friendships on the anti-immigrant prejudice of their Children. It is hypothesized that the relation between parental cross-group friendship and the Child’s prejudice can be mediated by two intergenerational transmission mechanisms: (1) via parent–Child similarity in prejudice, and (2) via parent–Child similarity in cross-group friendship. Data stem from the Parent–Child Socialization Study (2012), a representative sample among adolescents and both their parents in Belgium. Controlling for the mediating mechanisms, no direct relationship between parental cross-group friendship and adolescents’ prejudice was found. Parental cross-group friendships was, however, indirectly related via parent–Child anti-immigrant prejudice and cross-group friendship similarity. It is concluded that prejudice is strongly related within families.
Grazyna Kochanska - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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early relational experience a foundation for the unfolding dynamics of parent Child Socialization
Child Development Perspectives, 2019Co-Authors: Grazyna Kochanska, Lea J. Boldt, Kathryn C. GoffinAbstract:Psychologists have long tried to understand why trajectories of Socialization in individual parent-Child dyads can be distinct, leading to adaptive or maladaptive developmental outcomes. In this article, we elucidate origins of those differences by examining the subtle yet enduring implications of early parent-Child relationships in longitudinal studies of low- and high-risk families, using correlational and experimental designs, and multiple measures. Those relationships are key for Socialization because they can alter cascades from Children's biologically based difficult temperament to parents' negative control to negative Children's outcomes, as demonstrated by social-learning theories. We suggest that those cascades unfold only in parent-Child dyads whose early relationships lack positive mutuality and security. Such relationships set the tone for adversarial cascades. In contrast, early mutually positive, secure relationships initiate cooperative, effective Socialization and defuse risks of negative cascades. Parents' and Children's internal representations of each other may explain how such divergent sequelae unfold.
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Early Relational Experience: A Foundation for the Unfolding Dynamics of Parent–Child Socialization
Child development perspectives, 2018Co-Authors: Grazyna Kochanska, Lea J. Boldt, Kathryn C. GoffinAbstract:Psychologists have long tried to understand why trajectories of Socialization in individual parent-Child dyads can be distinct, leading to adaptive or maladaptive developmental outcomes. In this article, we elucidate origins of those differences by examining the subtle yet enduring implications of early parent-Child relationships in longitudinal studies of low- and high-risk families, using correlational and experimental designs, and multiple measures. Those relationships are key for Socialization because they can alter cascades from Children's biologically based difficult temperament to parents' negative control to negative Children's outcomes, as demonstrated by social-learning theories. We suggest that those cascades unfold only in parent-Child dyads whose early relationships lack positive mutuality and security. Such relationships set the tone for adversarial cascades. In contrast, early mutually positive, secure relationships initiate cooperative, effective Socialization and defuse risks of negative cascades. Parents' and Children's internal representations of each other may explain how such divergent sequelae unfold.
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Paths from mother-Child and father-Child relationships to externalizing behavior problems in Children differing in electrodermal reactivity: a longitudinal study from infancy to age 10.
Journal of abnormal child psychology, 2014Co-Authors: Grazyna Kochanska, Rebecca L. Brock, Kuan Hua Chen, Nazan Aksan, Steven W. AndersonAbstract:Electrodermal hyporeactivity (or low skin conductance level, SCL) has been long established as a correlate of and diathesis for antisocial behavior, aggression, disregard for rules of conduct and feelings of others, and generally, externalizing behavior problems in Children and adults. Much less is known, however, about how individual differences in Children’s SCL and qualities of their early experiences in relationships with parents interact to produce antisocial outcomes. In a community sample of 102 families (51 girls), we examined Children’s SCL, assessed in standard laboratory tasks at age 8 (N = 81), as a moderator of the links between parent–Child Socialization history and Children’s externalizing behavior problems at ages 8 and 10, reported by mothers and fathers in well-established instruments and by Children in clinical interviews. Mother- and father-Child Socialization history was assessed in frequent, intensive observations. Parent–Child mutually responsive orientation (MRO) was observed from infancy to age 10, parental power assertion was observed from 15 months to age 6 ½, and Children reported their attachment security in interviews at age 8 and 10. For Children with lower SCL, variations in mothers’ power assertion and father-Child MRO were associated with parent-rated externalizing problems. The former interaction was consistent with diathesis-stress, and the latter with differential susceptibility. For Children with higher SCL, there were no links between Socialization history and externalizing problems.
Kathryn C. Goffin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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early relational experience a foundation for the unfolding dynamics of parent Child Socialization
Child Development Perspectives, 2019Co-Authors: Grazyna Kochanska, Lea J. Boldt, Kathryn C. GoffinAbstract:Psychologists have long tried to understand why trajectories of Socialization in individual parent-Child dyads can be distinct, leading to adaptive or maladaptive developmental outcomes. In this article, we elucidate origins of those differences by examining the subtle yet enduring implications of early parent-Child relationships in longitudinal studies of low- and high-risk families, using correlational and experimental designs, and multiple measures. Those relationships are key for Socialization because they can alter cascades from Children's biologically based difficult temperament to parents' negative control to negative Children's outcomes, as demonstrated by social-learning theories. We suggest that those cascades unfold only in parent-Child dyads whose early relationships lack positive mutuality and security. Such relationships set the tone for adversarial cascades. In contrast, early mutually positive, secure relationships initiate cooperative, effective Socialization and defuse risks of negative cascades. Parents' and Children's internal representations of each other may explain how such divergent sequelae unfold.
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Early Relational Experience: A Foundation for the Unfolding Dynamics of Parent–Child Socialization
Child development perspectives, 2018Co-Authors: Grazyna Kochanska, Lea J. Boldt, Kathryn C. GoffinAbstract:Psychologists have long tried to understand why trajectories of Socialization in individual parent-Child dyads can be distinct, leading to adaptive or maladaptive developmental outcomes. In this article, we elucidate origins of those differences by examining the subtle yet enduring implications of early parent-Child relationships in longitudinal studies of low- and high-risk families, using correlational and experimental designs, and multiple measures. Those relationships are key for Socialization because they can alter cascades from Children's biologically based difficult temperament to parents' negative control to negative Children's outcomes, as demonstrated by social-learning theories. We suggest that those cascades unfold only in parent-Child dyads whose early relationships lack positive mutuality and security. Such relationships set the tone for adversarial cascades. In contrast, early mutually positive, secure relationships initiate cooperative, effective Socialization and defuse risks of negative cascades. Parents' and Children's internal representations of each other may explain how such divergent sequelae unfold.
Kathryn Walton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Time to re-think picky eating?: a relational approach to understanding picky eating
The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity, 2017Co-Authors: Kathryn Walton, Leon Kuczynski, Emma Haycraft, Andrea V. Breen, Jess HainesAbstract:Estimates of picky eating are quite high among young Children, with 14-50% of parents identifying their preschoolers as picky eaters. Dietary intake and preferences during the preschool years are characterized by slowing growth rates and Children developing a sense of autonomy over their feeding and food selection. We argue that the current conceptualization of picky eating defines acts of resistance or expressions of preference (acts of autonomy) by a Child as deviant behaviour. This conceptualization has guided research that uses a unidirectional, parent to Child approach to understanding parent-Child feeding interactions. By reviewing the current feeding literature and drawing parallels from the rich body of Child Socialization literature, we argue that there is a need to both re-examine the concept and parent/clinician perspectives on picky eating. Thus, the objective of this paper is two-fold: 1) We argue for a reconceptualization of picky eating whereby Child agency is considered in terms of eating preferences rather than categorized as compliant or non-compliant behaviour, and 2) We advocate the use of bi-directional relational models of causality and appropriate methodology to understanding the parent-Child feeding relationship. Researchers are often interested in understanding how members in the parent-Child dyad affect one another. Although many tend to focus on the parent to Child direction of these associations, findings from Child Socialization research suggest that influence is bidirectional and non-linear such that parents influence the actions and cognitions of Children and Children influence the actions and cognitions of parents. Bi-directional models of causality are needed to correctly understand parent-Child feeding interactions. A reconceptualization of picky eating may elucidate the influence that parental feeding practices and Child eating habits have on each other. This may allow health professionals to more effectively support parents in developing healthy eating habits among Children, reducing both stress around mealtimes and concerns of picky eating.