The Experts below are selected from a list of 18 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Bernhard Kaltenboeck - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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therapeutic Chlamydophila abortus and c pecorum vaccination transiently reduces bovine mastitis associated with Chlamydophila Infection
Infection and Immunity, 2007Co-Authors: Carolin Biesenkampuhe, Yihang Li, Hansrobert Hehnen, Konrad Sachse, Bernhard KaltenboeckAbstract:Infections with Chlamydophila abortus and C. pecorum are highly prevalent in cattle and have been associated with bovine mastitis. A prospective cohort study was conducted with a herd of 140 Holstein dairy cows to investigate the influence of Chlamydophila Infection on subclinical inflammation of the bovine mammary gland as characterized by somatic cell numbers in milk. PCR detection of C. abortus and low serum antibody levels against Chlamydophila spp. were significantly associated with subclinical mastitis. To examine the effect of the Infection by response modification, immune perturbation was done by two subcutaneous administrations of an experimental vaccine preparation of inactivated C. abortus and C. pecorum elementary bodies. Vaccination against Chlamydophila highly significantly decreased milk somatic cell numbers, thus reducing bovine mastitis, and increased antibody levels against Chlamydophila but did not eliminate shedding of C. abortus in milk as detected by PCR. The protective effect peaked at 11 weeks after vaccination and lasted for a total of 14 weeks. Vaccination with the Chlamydophila vaccine, a mock vaccine, or a combination vaccine against bovine viral diseases highly significantly increased C. abortus shedding in milk for 1 week, presumably mediated by the vaccine adjuvant. In summary, this study shows an etiological involvement of the widespread Chlamydophila Infections in bovine mastitis, a herd disease of critical importance for the dairy industry. Furthermore, this investigation shows the potential for temporary improvement of chlamydial disease by therapeutic vaccination. Chlamydophila vaccination of cattle might serve as a testing ground for vaccines against human chlamydial Infections.
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high prevalence of natural Chlamydophila species Infection in calves
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2004Co-Authors: Junbae Jee, Fred J Degraves, Teayoun Kim, Bernhard KaltenboeckAbstract:We investigated the acquisition and prevalence of Chlamydophila sp. Infection in calves. Specimens were collected at weekly intervals from birth to week 12 postpartum from 40 female Holstein calf-dam pairs in a dairy herd. Real-time PCR detected, quantified, and differentiated Chlamydophila 23S rRNA gene DNA from vaginal cytobrush swabs and milk samples. Chemiluminescence enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with lysed Chlamydophila abortus or Chlamydophila pecorum elementary body antigens quantified antibodies against Chlamydophila spp. in sera. Chlamydophila sp. DNA was found in 61% of calves and 20% of dams in at least one positive quantitative PCR. In calves, clinically inapparent C. pecorum Infection with low organism loads was fivefold more prevalent than C. abortus Infection and was most frequently detected by vaginal swabs compared to rectal or nasal swabs. In dams, C. abortus dominated in milk and C. pecorum dominated in the vagina. The group size of calves correlated positively (P < 0.01) with Chlamydophila Infection in quadratic, but not linear, regression. Thus, a doubling of the group size was associated with a fourfold increase in frequency and intensity of Chlamydophila Infection. For groups of 14 or 28 calves, respectively, logistic regression predicted a 9 or 52% probability of Infection of an individual calf and a 52 or 99.99% probability of Infection of the group. Anti-Chlamydophila immunoglobulin M antibodies in Chlamydophila PCR-positive calves and dams and in dams that gave birth to calves that later became positive were significantly higher than in PCR-negative animals (P ≤ 0.02). Collectively, crowding strongly enhances the frequency and intensity of highly prevalent Chlamydophila Infections in cattle.
Hansrobert Hehnen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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therapeutic Chlamydophila abortus and c pecorum vaccination transiently reduces bovine mastitis associated with Chlamydophila Infection
Infection and Immunity, 2007Co-Authors: Carolin Biesenkampuhe, Yihang Li, Hansrobert Hehnen, Konrad Sachse, Bernhard KaltenboeckAbstract:Infections with Chlamydophila abortus and C. pecorum are highly prevalent in cattle and have been associated with bovine mastitis. A prospective cohort study was conducted with a herd of 140 Holstein dairy cows to investigate the influence of Chlamydophila Infection on subclinical inflammation of the bovine mammary gland as characterized by somatic cell numbers in milk. PCR detection of C. abortus and low serum antibody levels against Chlamydophila spp. were significantly associated with subclinical mastitis. To examine the effect of the Infection by response modification, immune perturbation was done by two subcutaneous administrations of an experimental vaccine preparation of inactivated C. abortus and C. pecorum elementary bodies. Vaccination against Chlamydophila highly significantly decreased milk somatic cell numbers, thus reducing bovine mastitis, and increased antibody levels against Chlamydophila but did not eliminate shedding of C. abortus in milk as detected by PCR. The protective effect peaked at 11 weeks after vaccination and lasted for a total of 14 weeks. Vaccination with the Chlamydophila vaccine, a mock vaccine, or a combination vaccine against bovine viral diseases highly significantly increased C. abortus shedding in milk for 1 week, presumably mediated by the vaccine adjuvant. In summary, this study shows an etiological involvement of the widespread Chlamydophila Infections in bovine mastitis, a herd disease of critical importance for the dairy industry. Furthermore, this investigation shows the potential for temporary improvement of chlamydial disease by therapeutic vaccination. Chlamydophila vaccination of cattle might serve as a testing ground for vaccines against human chlamydial Infections.
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Bovine Chlamydophila spp. Infection: Do we underestimate the impact on fertility?
Veterinary Research Communications, 2005Co-Authors: B. Kaltenboeck, Hansrobert Hehnen, A. VaglenovAbstract:Classical methods for detection of Chlamydophila species, and of antibodies against these agents, have indicated that these bacteria are highly prevalent in cattle and associated with numerous disease conditions. These methods demonstrated acute Chlamydophila -induced diseases such as epizootic bovine abortion, as well as worldwide variable, but generally high, Chlamydophila seroprevalence. However, it was impossible to consistently detect the low levels of these organisms which were suspected to be present in endemic Infections. Application of highly sensitive real-time PCR and ELISA methods for detection of Chlamydophila spp. DNA and of antibodies against Chlamydophila spp., respectively, in a series of prospective cohort studies revealed a high prevalence of Chlamydophila spp. genital Infections in female calves (61%) and adult heifers (53%). These Infections were acquired by extragenital transmission in the first weeks of life, and Infection frequency was increased by crowding of the animals. A challenge study demonstrated that Infection with C. abortus resulted in decreased fertility of heifers. The experimental use of a C. abortus vaccine provided evidence for immunoprotection against C. abortus -induced suppression of bovine fertility. The results of these investigations suggest that bovine Chlamydophila Infection should be viewed more as pervasive, low-level Infection of cattle than as rare, severe disease. Such Infections proceed without apparent disease or with only subtle expressions of disease, but potentially have a large impact on bovine herd health and fertility.
Konrad Sachse - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a clinically silent respiratory Infection with Chlamydophila spp in calves is associated with airway obstruction and pulmonary inflammation
Veterinary Research, 2007Co-Authors: Konrad Sachse, Julia Jaeger, Elisabeth M Lieblertenorio, Nathalie Kirschvink, Petra ReinholdAbstract:This study was aimed at evaluating functional and inflammatory consequences of per- sistent chlamydial Infections on the respiratory system in clinically inconspicuous calves aged 2-7 months. Thirteen calves persistently infected with Chlamydophila (C.) abortus and/or C. pecorum (Chl+) were compared to 12 calves without chlamydial Infections (Chl-). In order to evaluate lung function, 36 non-invasive impulse oscillometry tests were performed per animal within 6 months. The group of chronically infected animals was distinguished by significantly higher peripheral air- way resistance (indicating peripheral airway obstruction), significantly higher respiratory rates, and significantly higher minute volumes of ventilation. At the age of seven months, all calves were necropsied, broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was obtained ex vivo, and lungs were examined histologically. Significantly higher concentrations of total protein and 8-iso-prostane (8-IP), as well as higher activities of matrix metalloprotease 2 were measured in BALF samples of Chl+ calves. Histologically, markedly activated bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) causing partial ob- struction of bronchiolar lumina was found in the apical pulmonary lobes of Chl+ calves. Chlamydial DNA was detected in the lung tissue of 7 out of 13 Chl+ calves by real-time PCR. In conclusion, respiratory chlamydial Infection appeared to be associated with chronic inflammation of the lungs and airways. Despite the lack of clinical symptoms, pulmonary dysfunctions persisted in calves un- til the age of seven months. Data obtained in this study provide new insight illustrating the impact of nearly ubiquitous subclinical Infections on the respiratory system. Chlamydia / Chlamydophila Infection / airway obstruction / pulmonary inflammation / calves
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therapeutic Chlamydophila abortus and c pecorum vaccination transiently reduces bovine mastitis associated with Chlamydophila Infection
Infection and Immunity, 2007Co-Authors: Carolin Biesenkampuhe, Yihang Li, Hansrobert Hehnen, Konrad Sachse, Bernhard KaltenboeckAbstract:Infections with Chlamydophila abortus and C. pecorum are highly prevalent in cattle and have been associated with bovine mastitis. A prospective cohort study was conducted with a herd of 140 Holstein dairy cows to investigate the influence of Chlamydophila Infection on subclinical inflammation of the bovine mammary gland as characterized by somatic cell numbers in milk. PCR detection of C. abortus and low serum antibody levels against Chlamydophila spp. were significantly associated with subclinical mastitis. To examine the effect of the Infection by response modification, immune perturbation was done by two subcutaneous administrations of an experimental vaccine preparation of inactivated C. abortus and C. pecorum elementary bodies. Vaccination against Chlamydophila highly significantly decreased milk somatic cell numbers, thus reducing bovine mastitis, and increased antibody levels against Chlamydophila but did not eliminate shedding of C. abortus in milk as detected by PCR. The protective effect peaked at 11 weeks after vaccination and lasted for a total of 14 weeks. Vaccination with the Chlamydophila vaccine, a mock vaccine, or a combination vaccine against bovine viral diseases highly significantly increased C. abortus shedding in milk for 1 week, presumably mediated by the vaccine adjuvant. In summary, this study shows an etiological involvement of the widespread Chlamydophila Infections in bovine mastitis, a herd disease of critical importance for the dairy industry. Furthermore, this investigation shows the potential for temporary improvement of chlamydial disease by therapeutic vaccination. Chlamydophila vaccination of cattle might serve as a testing ground for vaccines against human chlamydial Infections.
Carolin Biesenkampuhe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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therapeutic Chlamydophila abortus and c pecorum vaccination transiently reduces bovine mastitis associated with Chlamydophila Infection
Infection and Immunity, 2007Co-Authors: Carolin Biesenkampuhe, Yihang Li, Hansrobert Hehnen, Konrad Sachse, Bernhard KaltenboeckAbstract:Infections with Chlamydophila abortus and C. pecorum are highly prevalent in cattle and have been associated with bovine mastitis. A prospective cohort study was conducted with a herd of 140 Holstein dairy cows to investigate the influence of Chlamydophila Infection on subclinical inflammation of the bovine mammary gland as characterized by somatic cell numbers in milk. PCR detection of C. abortus and low serum antibody levels against Chlamydophila spp. were significantly associated with subclinical mastitis. To examine the effect of the Infection by response modification, immune perturbation was done by two subcutaneous administrations of an experimental vaccine preparation of inactivated C. abortus and C. pecorum elementary bodies. Vaccination against Chlamydophila highly significantly decreased milk somatic cell numbers, thus reducing bovine mastitis, and increased antibody levels against Chlamydophila but did not eliminate shedding of C. abortus in milk as detected by PCR. The protective effect peaked at 11 weeks after vaccination and lasted for a total of 14 weeks. Vaccination with the Chlamydophila vaccine, a mock vaccine, or a combination vaccine against bovine viral diseases highly significantly increased C. abortus shedding in milk for 1 week, presumably mediated by the vaccine adjuvant. In summary, this study shows an etiological involvement of the widespread Chlamydophila Infections in bovine mastitis, a herd disease of critical importance for the dairy industry. Furthermore, this investigation shows the potential for temporary improvement of chlamydial disease by therapeutic vaccination. Chlamydophila vaccination of cattle might serve as a testing ground for vaccines against human chlamydial Infections.
Julia Jaeger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a clinically silent respiratory Infection with Chlamydophila spp in calves is associated with airway obstruction and pulmonary inflammation
Veterinary Research, 2007Co-Authors: Konrad Sachse, Julia Jaeger, Elisabeth M Lieblertenorio, Nathalie Kirschvink, Petra ReinholdAbstract:This study was aimed at evaluating functional and inflammatory consequences of per- sistent chlamydial Infections on the respiratory system in clinically inconspicuous calves aged 2-7 months. Thirteen calves persistently infected with Chlamydophila (C.) abortus and/or C. pecorum (Chl+) were compared to 12 calves without chlamydial Infections (Chl-). In order to evaluate lung function, 36 non-invasive impulse oscillometry tests were performed per animal within 6 months. The group of chronically infected animals was distinguished by significantly higher peripheral air- way resistance (indicating peripheral airway obstruction), significantly higher respiratory rates, and significantly higher minute volumes of ventilation. At the age of seven months, all calves were necropsied, broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was obtained ex vivo, and lungs were examined histologically. Significantly higher concentrations of total protein and 8-iso-prostane (8-IP), as well as higher activities of matrix metalloprotease 2 were measured in BALF samples of Chl+ calves. Histologically, markedly activated bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) causing partial ob- struction of bronchiolar lumina was found in the apical pulmonary lobes of Chl+ calves. Chlamydial DNA was detected in the lung tissue of 7 out of 13 Chl+ calves by real-time PCR. In conclusion, respiratory chlamydial Infection appeared to be associated with chronic inflammation of the lungs and airways. Despite the lack of clinical symptoms, pulmonary dysfunctions persisted in calves un- til the age of seven months. Data obtained in this study provide new insight illustrating the impact of nearly ubiquitous subclinical Infections on the respiratory system. Chlamydia / Chlamydophila Infection / airway obstruction / pulmonary inflammation / calves