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Mitsuo Miyazawa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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microbial reduction of coumarin psoralen and xanthyletin by glomerella Cingulata
Tetrahedron, 2011Co-Authors: Shinsuke Marumoto, Mitsuo MiyazawaAbstract:Abstract Microbial transformation of coumarin, psoralen, and xanthyletin was performed with the fungus Glomerella Cingulata. The main reaction pathways involved reduction at α,β-unsaturated δ-lactone ring on coumarin analogue. Coumarin was metabolized by G. Cingulata to give the corresponding reduced acid, hydrocoumaric acid. In the biotransformation of psoralen, two reduced metabolites, 6,7-furano-hydrocoumaric acid, and 6,7-furano-o-hydrocoumaryl alcohol were isolated from the incubation of psoralen. Xanthyletin was converted to reduced products 9,9-dimethyl-6,7-pyrano-hydrocoumaric acid and 9,9-dimethyl-6,7-pyrano-o-hydrocoumaryl alcohol by G. Cingulata. The structures of the new compounds were characterized using spectroscopic techniques. In addition, all of compounds including methyl ester derivatives of the metabolites were tested for the β-secretase (BACE1) inhibitory activity in vitro. 6,7-Furano-hydrocoumaric acid methyl ester was shown to possess BACE1 inhibitory activity, and an IC50 value was 0.84 ± 0.06 mM.
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microbial transformation of isopimpinellin by glomerella Cingulata
Journal of Oleo Science, 2011Co-Authors: Shinsuke Marumoto, Mitsuo MiyazawaAbstract:: Microbial transformation studies conducted on isopimpinellin (1) by the fungus Glomerella Cingulata have revealed that 1 was metabolized to give the corresponding reduced acid, 5,8-dimethoxy-6,7-furano-hydrocoumaric acid (2). The structure of metabolite 2 was elucidated by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS), extensive NMR techniques, including (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, (1)H-(1)H correlation spectroscopy (COSY), heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence (HMQC) and heteonuclear multiple bond coherence (HMBC). The biotransformed product 2 showed weak a in vitro β-secretase (BACE1) inhibitory effect.
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microbial transformation of isolongifolol by plant pathogenic fungus glomerella Cingulata
Journal of Oleo Science, 2010Co-Authors: Mitsuo Miyazawa, Kazuki Sakata, Masashi UedaAbstract:The biotransformation of terpenoids using the plant pathogenic fungus as a biocatalyst to produce useful novel organic compounds was investigated. The biotransformation of sesquiterpen alcohol, (-)-isolongifolol (1) was investigated using plant pathogenic fungus Glomerella Cingulata as a biocatalyst. Compound 1 was converted to (-)-(3R)-3-hydroxy-isolongifolol (2) and (-)-(9R)-9-hydroxy-isolongifolol (3) by G. Cingulata.
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use of solid phase microextraction spme for profiling the volatile metabolites produced by glomerella Cingulata
Journal of Oleo Science, 2008Co-Authors: Mitsuo Miyazawa, Minako Kimura, Yoshito Yabe, Daisuke Tsukamoto, Masaya Sakamoto, Isao Horibe, Yoshiharu OkunoAbstract:The profile of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from Glomerella Cingulata using solid phase microextraction (SPME) with different fibers, Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), Polydimethylsiloxane/Divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB), CarboxenTM/Polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS) and Divinylbenzene/CarboxenTM/Polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS), was investigated. C4-C6 aliphatic alcohols were the predominant fraction of VOCs isolated by CAR/PDMS fiber. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons represented 20.3% of VOCs isolated by PDMS fiber. During the growth phase, Ochracin was produced in the large majority of VOCs. 3-Methylbutanol and phenylethyl alcohol were found in the log phase of it. Alcohols were found in cultures of higher age, while sesquiterpenes were found to be characteristic of initial growth stage of G. Cingulata.
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biotransformation of cycloisolongifolol by plant pathogenic fungus glomerella Cingulata
Natural Product Research, 2007Co-Authors: Mitsuo Miyazawa, Kazuki SakataAbstract:The biotransformation of terpenoids using the plant pathogenic fungus as a biocatalyst to produce useful novel organic compounds was investigated. The biotransformation of sesquiterpen alcohol, (+)-cycloisolongifolol (1) was investigated using plant pathogenic fungus Glomerella Cingulata as a biocatalyst. Compound 1 gave one major metabolic product and a number of minor metabolic products. Major product was dehydration at the C-8 position to (+)-dehydrocycloisolongifolene (2). The structure of the product was determined by their spectroscopic data. Glomerella Cingulata gave dehydration in the specifically and over 70% conversion.
Aristeidis Parmakelis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the evolutionary history of the mediterranean centipede scolopendra Cingulata latreille 1829 chilopoda scolopendridae across the aegean archipelago
Biological Journal of The Linnean Society, 2012Co-Authors: Stylianos Michail Simaiakis, Aggeliki Dimopoulou, Anastasios Mitrakos, Moisis Mylonas, Aristeidis ParmakelisAbstract:In this study we investigate the evolutionary relationships of Scolopendra Cingulata (Latreille, 1829) within insular Greece. Our main goal is to infer the time frame of the differentiation of the species in the study area. In this regard, sequence data originating from three mitochondrial genes are used to reconstruct the evolutionary history of 47 insular populations of S. Cingulata from the Aegean archipelago. Within the phylogenetic framework and by implementing a relaxed molecular clock methodology, we infer the time estimates of separations of the S. Cingulata lineages. The results of the phylogenetic analysis support the presence of three distinct S. Cingulata groups in the region. The first group accommodates populations from the eastern Aegean islands, and is closely related to the second group that hosts mainly populations of northern and central Cyclades. The third group is composed of insular populations originating from southern Cyclades. Different temporal splitting scenarios have been evaluated. Based on the scenario strongly supported by the data, we propose a biogeographical scenario that could account for the contemporary distribution of the species' lineages. The splitting events of S. Cingulata are estimated to have occurred within the late Miocene. The historical events of the last 13.77 Myr have shaped, through a series of mostly vicariant and dispersal incidents, the present-day biogeographical pattern of the species. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 105, 507–521.
Stylianos Michail Simaiakis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the evolutionary history of the mediterranean centipede scolopendra Cingulata latreille 1829 chilopoda scolopendridae across the aegean archipelago
Biological Journal of The Linnean Society, 2012Co-Authors: Stylianos Michail Simaiakis, Aggeliki Dimopoulou, Anastasios Mitrakos, Moisis Mylonas, Aristeidis ParmakelisAbstract:In this study we investigate the evolutionary relationships of Scolopendra Cingulata (Latreille, 1829) within insular Greece. Our main goal is to infer the time frame of the differentiation of the species in the study area. In this regard, sequence data originating from three mitochondrial genes are used to reconstruct the evolutionary history of 47 insular populations of S. Cingulata from the Aegean archipelago. Within the phylogenetic framework and by implementing a relaxed molecular clock methodology, we infer the time estimates of separations of the S. Cingulata lineages. The results of the phylogenetic analysis support the presence of three distinct S. Cingulata groups in the region. The first group accommodates populations from the eastern Aegean islands, and is closely related to the second group that hosts mainly populations of northern and central Cyclades. The third group is composed of insular populations originating from southern Cyclades. Different temporal splitting scenarios have been evaluated. Based on the scenario strongly supported by the data, we propose a biogeographical scenario that could account for the contemporary distribution of the species' lineages. The splitting events of S. Cingulata are estimated to have occurred within the late Miocene. The historical events of the last 13.77 Myr have shaped, through a series of mostly vicariant and dispersal incidents, the present-day biogeographical pattern of the species. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 105, 507–521.
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morphometric and meristic diversity of the species scolopendra Cingulata latreille 1829 chilopoda scolopendridae in the mediterranean region
Zoologischer Anzeiger – A Journal of Comparative Zoology, 2011Co-Authors: Stylianos Michail Simaiakis, Sinos Giokas, Zoltan KorsosAbstract:Scolopendra Cingulata Latreille, 1829 is the commonest scolopendromorph species in the Mediterranean area. However, its morphological and geographic variation has not been examined so far, and therefore robust hypotheses about the factors that have shaped that variability are lacking. We examined, using multivariate methods for 19 morphometric and meristic characters, the morphological variation of that species using a comprehensive sample of 503 adult specimens from 130 restricted geographic localities. The localities were distributed in three major geographic areas (Balkans, Asia Minor-Middle East, and Italy) in order to discern biological entities and to estimate the morphological relationships between populations and geographic regions. Results showed significant differences between the three geographic groups. Characters such as the distance between the paramedian sulci of the 7th and 8th tergite, the number of antennal segments, the number of spines on the dorsal side of 21st prefemur and number of spines on the 21st prefemoral process significantly discriminated populations of S. Cingulata along a west–east geographic gradient. Both eastern (Balkan) and easternmost populations (Asia Minor-Middle East) showed higher mean values of antennal articles and spines of 21st prefemur than the Italian populations. No significant morphological variation was discovered between the sexes of S. Cingulata apart from cephalic width and distance between the two paramedian sulci of the 7th and 8th tergite. Based on certain morphometric differences among the three major geographic regions, we suggest that S. Cingulata originated in the east and colonized south European area from two different geographic routes. It is suggested that west–east morphological trend of S. Cingulata is related either to the prominent palaeogeographic events of the area or to the competition with S. oraniensis Lucas, 1846 in the western Mediterranean. © 2010 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
Michael H. Buonocore - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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posterior cingulate cortex activation by emotional words fmri evidence from a valence decision task
Human Brain Mapping, 2003Co-Authors: Richard J. Maddock, Amy Garrett, Michael H. BuonocoreAbstract:Functional imaging studies consistently find that emotional stimuli activate the posterior cingulate cortex, a region that appears to have memory-related functions. However, prior imaging studies have not controlled for non-emotional stimulus features that might activate this region by engaging memory processes unrelated to emotion. This study examined whether emotional words activated the posterior cingulate cortex when these potentially confounding factors were controlled. Sixty-four pleasant and 64 unpleasant words were matched with neutral words on non-emotional features known to influence memory. Eight subjects underwent block-designed functional magnetic resonance imaging scans while evaluating the valence of these words. The posterior cingulate cortex was significantly activated bilaterally during both unpleasant and pleasant compared to neutral words. The strongest activation peak with both unpleasant and pleasant words was observed in the left subgenual cingulate cortex. Anteromedial orbital and left inferior and middle frontal cortices were also activated by both pleasant and unpleasant words. Right amygdala and auditory cortex were activated only by unpleasant words, while left frontal pole was activated only by pleasant words. The results show that activation of the posterior cingulate cortex by emotional stimuli cannot be attributed to the memory-enhancing effects of non-emotional stimulus features. The findings are consistent with the suggestion that this region may mediate interactions of emotional and memory-related processes. The results also extend prior findings that evaluating emotional words consistently activates the subgenual cingulate cortex, and suggest a means of probing this region in patients with mood disorders. Hum. Brain Mapping 18:30 - 41, 2003. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Remembering familiar people: the posterior cingulate cortex and autobiographical memory retrieval.
Neuroscience, 2001Co-Authors: Richard J. Maddock, Amy Garrett, Michael H. BuonocoreAbstract:Most functional imaging studies of memory retrieval investigate memory for standardized laboratory stimuli. However, naturally acquired autobiographical memories differ from memories of standardized stimuli in important ways. Neuroimaging studies of natural memories may reveal distinctive patterns of brain activation and may have particular value in assessing clinical disorders of memory. This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate brain activation during successful retrieval of autobiographical memories elicited by name-cued recall of family members and friends. The caudal part of the left posterior cingulate cortex was the most strongly activated region and was significantly activated in all eight subjects studied. Most subjects also showed significant activation of the left anterior orbitomedial, anterior middle frontal, precuneus, cuneus, and posterior inferior parietal cortices, and the right posterior cingulate and motor cortices.Our findings are consistent with prior studies showing posterior cingulate cortex activation during autobiographical memory retrieval. This region is also consistently activated during retrieval of standardized memory stimuli when experimental designs emphasizing successful retrieval are employed. Our results support the hypothesis that the posterior cingulate cortex plays an important role in successful memory retrieval. The posterior cingulate cortex has strong reciprocal connections with entorhinal and parahippocampal cortices. Studies of early Alzheimer's disease, temporal lobectomy, and hypoxic amnesia show that hypometabolism of the posterior cingulate cortex is an early and prominent indicator of pathology in these patients. Our findings suggest that autobiographical memory retrieval tasks could be used to probe the functional status of the posterior cingulate cortex in patients with early Alzheimer's disease or at risk for that condition.
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activation of left posterior cingulate gyrus by the auditory presentation ofthreat related words an fmri study
Psychiatry Research-neuroimaging, 1997Co-Authors: Richard J. Maddock, Michael H. BuonocoreAbstract:This study investigated the cortical response to hearing threat-related and neutral words using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in 16 coronal planes. Right-handed volunteers listened to (i) neutral words alternating with no words as the control condition, and (ii) neutral words alternating with threat-related words as the experimental condition. Threat-related words compared to neutral words activated left posterior cingulate gyrus in eight of 10 subjects with activation most prominent in the retrosplenial region. Patterns of activation produced by neutral words compared to no words included bilateral temporal and frontal regions but not posterior cingulate. The retrosplenial cingulate region has recently been implicated in episodic memory processes. We discuss the possible role of the posterior cingulate cortex in processes involving emotion and memory and in anxiety disorders.
Thomas Wesener - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the evolutionary history of the rediscovered austrian population of the giant centipede scolopendra Cingulata latreille 1829 chilopoda scolopendromorpha
PLOS ONE, 2014Co-Authors: Jan Philip Oeyen, Sebastian Funke, Wolfgang Böhme, Thomas WesenerAbstract:The thermophilous giant centipede Scolopendra Cingulata is a voracious terrestrial predator, which uses its modified first leg pair and potent venom to capture prey. The highly variable species is the most common of the genus in Europe, occurring from Portugal in the west to Iran in the east. The northernmost occurrences are in Hungary and Romania, where it abides in small isolated fringe populations. We report the rediscovery of an isolated Austrian population of Scolopendra Cingulata with the first explicit specimen records for more than 80 years and provide insights into the evolutionary history of the northernmost populations utilizing fragments of two mitochondrial genes, COI and 16S, comprising 1,155 base pairs. We test the previously proposed hypothesis of a speciation by distance scenario, which argued for a simple range expansion of the species from the southeast, via Romania, Hungary and finally to Austria, based on a comprehensive taxon sampling from seven countries, including the first European mainland samples. We argue that more complex patterns must have shaped the current distribution of S. Cingulata and that the Austrian population should be viewed as an important biogeographical relict in a possible microrefugium. The unique haplotype of the Austrian population could constitute an important part of the species genetic diversity and we hope that this discovery will initiate protective measures not only for S. Cingulata, but also for its habitat, since microrefugia are likely to host further rare thermophilous species. Furthermore, we take advantage of the unprecedented sampling to provide the first basic insights into the suitability of the COI fragment as a species identifying barcode within the centipede genus Scolopendra.