The Experts below are selected from a list of 366 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Laura M Trejoavila - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sulphated polysaccharides from ulva clathrata and Cladosiphon okamuranus seaweeds both inhibit viral attachment entry and cell cell fusion in ndv infection
Marine Drugs, 2015Co-Authors: Jose Alberto Aguilarbriseno, Denis Ricquemarie, Edgar Mendozagamboa, Cristina Rodriguezpadilla, Jean-françois Sassi, Lucia Elizabeth Cruzsuarez, Pablo Zapatabenavides, Laura M TrejoavilaAbstract:Sulphated polysaccharides (SP) extracted from seaweeds have antiviral properties and are much less cytotoxic than conventional drugs, but little is known about their mode of action. Combination antiviral chemotherapy may offer advantages over single agent therapy, increasing efficiency, potency and delaying the emergence of resistant virus. The paramyxoviridae family includes pathogens causing morbidity and mortality worldwide in humans and animals, such as the Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) in poultry. This study aims at determining the antiviral activity and mechanism of action in vitro of an ulvan (SP from the green seaweed Ulva clathrata), and of its mixture with a fucoidan (SP from Cladosiphon okamuranus), against La Sota NDV strain. The ulvan antiviral activity was tested using syncytia formation, exhibiting an IC50 of 0.1 μg/mL; ulvan had a better anti cell-cell spread effect than that previously shown for fucoidan, and inhibited cell-cell fusion via a direct effect on the F0 protein, but did not show any virucidal effect. The mixture of ulvan and fucoidan showed a greater anti-spread effect than SPs alone, but ulvan antagonizes the effect of fucoidan on the viral attachment/entry. Both SPs may be promising antivirals against paramyxovirus infection but their mixture has no clear synergistic advantage.
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in vitro characterization of the antiviral activity of fucoidan from Cladosiphon okamuranus against newcastle disease virus
Virology Journal, 2012Co-Authors: Regina Elizondogonzalez, Elizabeth L Cruzsuarez, Denis Ricquemarie, Edgar Mendozagamboa, Cristina Rodriguezpadilla, Laura M TrejoavilaAbstract:Background Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) causes a serious infectious disease in birds that results in severe losses in the worldwide poultry industry. Despite vaccination, NDV outbreaks have increased the necessity of alternative prevention and control measures. Several recent studies focused on antiviral compounds obtained from natural resources. Many extracts from marine organisms have been isolated and tested for pharmacological purposes, and their antiviral activity has been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide present in the cell wall matrix of brown algae that has been demonstrated to inhibit certain enveloped viruses with low toxicity. This study evaluated the potential antiviral activity and the mechanism of action of fucoidan from Cladosiphon okamuranus against NDV in the Vero cell line.
Robert Havenaar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Fucoidan from Cladosiphon okamuranus Tokida Added to Food Has No Adverse Effect on Availability for Absorption of Divalent Minerals in the Dynamic Multicompartmental Model of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract
Food Digestion, 2014Co-Authors: Susann Bellmann, Kouji Miyazaki, Osamu Chonan, Fumiyasu Ishikawa, Robert HavenaarAbstract:This study aimed to investigate whether the addition of fucoidan (Yakult Fucoidan) prepared from Cladosiphon okamuranus Tokida to food affects the availability of divalent minerals for intestinal absorption. After coadministration with a test meal into a dynamic multicompartmental model of the upper gastrointestinal tract (TIM-1), the availability for intestinal absorption (bioaccessibility) of minerals was evaluated. Fucoidan (0.033 and 0.1 g, corresponding to approximately 1.7 and 5.0 mg/kg body weight (BW) in humans) or two alginates (Cargill Algogel^TM and Satialgine^TM, 3.0 g, corresponding to approximately 150 mg/kg BW in humans) suspended in 200 g water and added to 100 g test meal did not significantly decrease the bioaccessibility of calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, and cobalt in comparison to the test meal without these gelling agents, except for calcium by 3.0 g Satialgine ( p
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Fucoidan from Cladosiphon okamuranus Tokida Added to Food Has No Adverse Effect on Availability for Absorption of Divalent Minerals in the Dynamic Multicompartmental Model of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract
Food Digestion, 2014Co-Authors: Susann Bellmann, Kouji Miyazaki, Osamu Chonan, Fumiyasu Ishikawa, Robert HavenaarAbstract:This study aimed to investigate whether the addition of fucoidan (Yakult Fucoidan) prepared from Cladosiphon okamuranus Tokida to food affects the availability of divalent minerals for intestinal absorption. After coadministration with a test meal into a dynamic multicompartmental model of the upper gastrointestinal tract (TIM-1), the availability for intestinal absorption (bioaccessibility) of minerals was evaluated. Fucoidan (0.033 and 0.1 g, corresponding to approximately 1.7 and 5.0 mg/kg body weight (BW) in humans) or two alginates (Cargill AlgogelTM and SatialgineTM, 3.0 g, corresponding to approximately 150 mg/kg BW in humans) suspended in 200 g water and added to 100 g test meal did not significantly decrease the bioaccessibility of calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, and cobalt in comparison to the test meal without these gelling agents, except for calcium by 3.0 g Satialgine (p < 0.05). Positive control experiments with an unrealistically high dosage of fucoidan (3.0 g) significantly decreased the bioaccessibility of calcium, iron, zinc, and manganese and significantly enhanced the bioaccessibility of copper and cobalt (p < 0.05). It is concluded that the oral intake of the tested fucoidan at standard and high dosages in food has no adverse effect on divalent mineral absorption. Based on TIM-1 validation studies with minerals and metals in comparison to human studies, it is expected that these results may be extrapolated to the human situation.
Richard J Cogdell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Isolation and purification of the major photosynthetic antenna, fucoxanthin-Chl a/c protein, from cultured discoid germilings of the brown Alga, Cladosiphon okamuranus TOKIDA (Okinawa Mozuku)
Photosynthesis Research, 2012Co-Authors: Ritsuko Fujii, Yoshiro Iinuma, Richard J Cogdell, Mamiko Kita, Yuki Takaesu, Tomonori Taira, Hideki HashimotoAbstract:A chlorophyll c binding membrane intrinsic light-harvesting complex, the fucoxanthin-chlorophyll a / c protein (FCP), was isolated from cultured discoid germilings of an edible Japanese brown alga, Cladosiphon (C.) okamuranus TOKIDA (Okinawa Mozuku in Japanese). The discoid germiling is an ideal source of brown algal photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes in terms of its size and easiness of cultivation on a large scale. Ion-exchange chromatography was crucial for the purification of FCP from solubilized thylakoid proteins. The molecular weight of the purified FCP assembly was estimated to be ~56 kDa using blue native-PAGE. Further subunit analyses using 2D-PAGE revealed that the FCP assembled as a trimer consisting of two distinguishable subunits having molecular weights of 18.2 (H) and 17.5 (L) kDa. Fluorescence and fluorescence-excitation spectra confirmed that the purified FCP assembly was functionally intact.
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The pigment stoichiometry in a chlorophyll a/c type photosynthetic antenna
Photosynthesis Research, 2012Co-Authors: Ritsuko Fujii, Toshiaki Mizoguchi, Matsumi Doe, Yoshiro Iinuma, Naohiro Oka, Masahiko Iha, Masakazu Kita, Yoshitaro Takaesu, T. Taira, Richard J CogdellAbstract:The trimeric fucoxanthin-chlorophyll a/c protein (FCP) was purified from a Japanese brown alga, Cladosiphon okamuranus TOKIDA. Its pigment stoichiometry was determined to be chlorophyll (Chl) a:Chl c (1):Chl c (2):fucoxanthin = 4.6:1.1:1.0:5.5 by a combination of binary HPLC and (1)H NMR spectroscopy. No violaxanthin found bound to the FCP. The ratio of Chl c/Chl a in this FCP is amongst the highest so far reported.
Masahiko Iha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Intestinal Microbiota and Immune Modulation in Zebrafish by Fucoidan From Okinawa Mozuku (Cladosiphon okamuranus).
Frontiers in Nutrition, 2020Co-Authors: Wakako Ikeda-ohtsubo, Masahiko Iha, Adrià López Nadal, Edoardo Zaccaria, Haruki Kitazawa, Michiel Kleerebezem, Sylvia BrugmanAbstract:Fucoidan represents fucose-rich sulfated polysaccharides derived from brown seaweeds, which exerts various biological activities applicable for functional foods and therapeutic agents. The objective of the present study was to investigate in vivo effects of fucoidan extracted from Okinawa mozuku (Cladosiphon okamuranus), common edible seaweed in Japan, on immune responses and microbiota composition in zebrafish. We treated larvae and adult zebrafish with Okinawa mozuku (OM) fucoidan by immersion (100 and 500 μg/mL, 3 days) and by feeding (3 weeks), respectively. The effect of OM fucoidan on immune responses in zebrafish larvae was evaluated by live imaging of neutrophils and macrophages as well as quantitative polymerase chain reaction of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine genes. Whole microbiota of zebrafish larvae and intestinal microbiota of adult zebrafish treated with OM fucoidan were analyzed by Illumina MiSeq pair-end sequencing of the V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA genes. Fucoidan treatment only slightly affected the composition of the larvae microbiota and the number of neutrophils and macrophages, while pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine gene expression levels were upregulated in the larvae treated with 500 μg/mL OM fucoidan. In contrast, feeding of OM fucoidan clearly altered the intestinal microbiota composition of adult zebrafish, which was characterized by the emergence and predominance of multiple bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) affiliated with Rhizobiaceae and Comamonadaceae at the expense of E. coli-related Enterobacteriaceae, the dominant OTUs throughout the studied samples. These changes were accompanied by decreased expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine il1b in the intestines of the adult zebrafish. Our current study provides the first insights into in vivo modulatory effects of fucoidan on microbiota and immune responses of unchallenged zebrafish, which underscores the potential of fucoidan to play a modulatory role in the diet-microbiota-host interplay.
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Activation of NK cells in male cancer survivors by fucoidan extracted from Cladosiphon okamuranus.
Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 2019Co-Authors: Takeaki Nagamine, Katsuyuki Nakajima, Makoto Tomori, Kizuku Kadena, Masahiko IhaAbstract:Cancer survivors are highly motivated to seek information about the use of dietary supplements and complementary nutritional therapies to improve their quality of life. Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide extracted from brown marine alga, exhibits a wide range of bioactivities, including anticancer activity. As natural killer (NK) cells serve an important role in defenses against tumor cells, the present study examined the effects of fucoidan extracted from Cladosiphon okamuranus on NK cell activity in cancer survivors. A prospective, open-label clinical study was conducted on cancer survivors treated with fucoidan via oral administration; 11 cancer survivors with a performance status of 0 or 1 participated and consumed 3 g of fucoidan for 6 months. No significant changes were observed in the mean activities of NK cells in total subjects following the ingestion of fucoidan. An analysis of each sex revealed that NK cell activity was significantly increased by the ingestion of fucoidan in male, yet not female subjects. Serum fucoidan levels were markedly increased following the ingestion of fucoidan and the peak levels ranged between 30 and 198 ng/ml. Tumor markers remained within the reference range during the trial period in subjects, in whom primary tumors were eradicated by treatment. The basal values of tumor markers were elevated in three cases; tumor markers were increased in two cases and decreased in one by the ingestion of fucoidan. These findings suggest that fucoidan enhances the activation of NK cells in male cancer survivors.
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Evaluation of the Immunomodulatory Effects of Fucoidan Derived from Cladosiphon okamuranus Tokida in Mice.
Marine Drugs, 2019Co-Authors: Makoto Tomori, Takeaki Nagamine, Tomofumi Miyamoto, Masahiko IhaAbstract:Okinawa mozuku (Cladosiphon okamuranus Tokida) is an edible seaweed classified as brown algae and is a native species of the Ryukyu Islands in Japan. In recent years, the genomic decoding of Okinawa mozuku has been completed. Previous studies on the anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antitumor properties of Okinawa mozuku have suggested that it affects the regulation of cellular and humoral immunity. The aim of the present study was to examine the immunoregulatory effect of fucoidan derived from Okinawa mozuku in mice. A product containing fucoidan (purity, 88.3%; molecular weight, 49.8 kDa) was developed from Okinawa mozuku and tested for its immunoregulatory effects in mice. The experimental animals were 8-week-old female BALB/c mice to which fucoidan (0, 102.5, 205.0, 410.0, and 1025.0 mg/kg) was administered orally continuously for six weeks. Immune cell proliferation, cytokine production, macrophage phagocytosis, and serum antibody concentration were measured. We found that immune cell proliferation, interleukin (IL)-2, macrophage phagocytes, and serum antibodies (IgM, -G, -A) increased significantly, but IL-4, -5, and IgE decreased significantly. These results indicated that fucoidan modulated cellular and humoral immunity.
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Detection of Fucoidan in Urine after Oral Intake of Traditional Japanese Seaweed, Okinawa mozuku (Cladosiphon okamuranus Tokida).
Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, 2017Co-Authors: Yoshiharu Tokita, Masahiko Iha, Minami Hirayama, Katsuyuki Nakajima, Kenei Tamaki, Takeaki NagamineAbstract:Seaweed has been considered an indigestible food. Fucoidan, which is found abundantly in seaweed, especially in Cladosiphon okamuranus (Okinawa mozuku), has a high molecular weight and has been long believed to be hardly absorbed in the human digestive system due to a lack of certain digestive enzymes. We previously reported that fucoidan can be detected in serum and urine after oral intake of purified fucoidan in humans and rats. However, it is unclear whether the fucoidan in mozuku can be absorbed after digestion of mozuku. Therefore, we attempted to detect fucoidan in urine before and after mozuku intake. We determined the fucoidan concentration in urine after oral intake of Okinawa mozuku and urinary fucoidan was detected in several volunteers. In conclusion, these results suggest that fucoidan in mozuku can be absorbed after ingestion of mozuku.
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Intestinal Absorption of Fucoidan Extracted from the Brown Seaweed, Cladosiphon okamuranus
Marine Drugs, 2014Co-Authors: Takeaki Nagamine, Masahiko Iha, Kyoumi Nakazato, Satoru Tomioka, Katsuyuki NakajimaAbstract:The aim of this study was to examine the absorption of fucoidan through the intestinal tract. Fucoidan (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/mL) was added to Transwell inserts containing Caco-2 cells. The transport of fucoidan across Caco-2 cells increased in a dose-dependent manner up to 1.0 mg/mL. It reached a maximum after 1 h and then rapidly decreased. In another experiment, rats were fed standard chow containing 2% fucoidan for one or two weeks. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that fucoidan accumulated in jejunal epithelial cells, mononuclear cells in the jejunal lamina propria and sinusoidal non-parenchymal cells in the liver. Since we previously speculated that nitrosamine may enhance the intestinal absorption of fucoidan, its absorption was estimated in rats administered N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN) in their drinking water. Rats were fed 0.2% fucoidan chow (BBN + 0.2% fucoidan rats), 2% fucoidan chow (BBN + 2% fucoidan rats) and standard chow for eight weeks. The uptake of fucoidan through the intestinal tract seemed to be low, but was measurable by our ELISA method. Fucoidan-positive cells were abundant in the small intestinal mucosa of BBN + 2% fucoidan rats. Most fucoidan-positive cells also stained positive for ED1, suggesting that fucoidan was incorporated into intestinal macrophages. The uptake of fucoidan by Kupffer cells was observed in the livers of BBN + 2% fucoidan rats. In conclusion, the absorption of fucoidan through the small intestine was demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro.
Simon M Dittami - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evolution and expansion of the prokaryote like lipoxygenase family in the brown alga saccharina japonica
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2017Co-Authors: Linhong Teng, Dong Xu, Xiaowen Zhang, Simon M Dittami, Naihao YeAbstract:Lipoxygenase (LOX) plays important roles in fatty acid oxidation and lipid mediator biosynthesis. In this study, we give first insights into brown algal LOX evolution. Whole genome searches revealed four, three, and eleven LOXs in Ectocarpus siliculosus, Cladosiphon okamuranus, and Saccharina japonica, respectively. In phylogenetic analyses, LOXs from brown algae form a robust clade with those from prokaryotes, suggesting an ancestral origin and slow evolution. Brown algal LOXs were divided into two clades, C1 and C2 in a phylogenetic tree. Compared to the two species of Ectocarpales, LOX gene expansion occurred in the kelp S. japonica through tandem duplication and segmental duplication. Selection pressure analysis showed that LOX genes in brown algae have undergone strong purifying selection, while the selective constraint in the C2 clade was more relaxed than that in the C1 clade. Furthermore, within each clade, LOXs of S. japonica evolved under more relaxed selection constraints than E. siliculosus and C. okamuranus. Structural modeling showed that unlike LOXs of plants and animals, which contain a β barrel in the N-terminal part of the protein, LOXs in brown algae fold into a single domain. Gene expression Analysis of previously published transcriptomic data analysis showed that LOXs in E. siliculosus are responsive to hyposaline, hypersaline, oxidative, and copper stresses. Moreover, clear divergence of expression patterns was observed among different life stages, as well as between duplicate gene pairs. In E. siliculosus, all four LOXs are male-biased in immature gametophytes, and mature gametophytes showed significantly higher LOX mRNA levels than immature gametophytes and sporophytes. In S. japonica, however, our RNA-Seq data showed that most LOXs are highly expressed in sporophytes. Even the most recently duplicated gene pairs showed divergent expression patterns, suggesting that functional divergence has likely occurred since LOX genes duplicated, which potentially contributes to the production of various oxylipins in brown algae.
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Evolution and Expansion of the Prokaryote-Like Lipoxygenase Family in the Brown Alga Saccharina japonica
Frontiers Media S.A., 2017Co-Authors: Linhong Teng, Xiaowen Zhang, Simon M Dittami, Wentao Han, Xiao FanAbstract:Lipoxygenase (LOX) plays important roles in fatty acid oxidation and lipid mediator biosynthesis. In this study, we give first insights into brown algal LOX evolution. Whole genome searches revealed four, three, and eleven LOXs in Ectocarpus siliculosus, Cladosiphon okamuranus, and Saccharina japonica, respectively. In phylogenetic analyses, LOXs from brown algae form a robust clade with those from prokaryotes, suggesting an ancestral origin and slow evolution. Brown algal LOXs were divided into two clades, C1 and C2 in a phylogenetic tree. Compared to the two species of Ectocarpales, LOX gene expansion occurred in the kelp S. japonica through tandem duplication and segmental duplication. Selection pressure analysis showed that LOX genes in brown algae have undergone strong purifying selection, while the selective constraint in the C2 clade was more relaxed than that in the C1 clade. Furthermore, within each clade, LOXs of S. japonica evolved under more relaxed selection constraints than E. siliculosus and C. okamuranus. Structural modeling showed that unlike LOXs of plants and animals, which contain a β barrel in the N-terminal part of the protein, LOXs in brown algae fold into a single domain. Analysis of previously published transcriptomic data showed that LOXs in E. siliculosus are responsive to hyposaline, hypersaline, oxidative, and copper stresses. Moreover, clear divergence of expression patterns was observed among different life stages, as well as between duplicate gene pairs. In E. siliculosus, all four LOXs are male-biased in immature gametophytes, and mature gametophytes showed significantly higher LOX mRNA levels than immature gametophytes and sporophytes. In S. japonica, however, our RNA-Seq data showed that most LOXs are highly expressed in sporophytes. Even the most recently duplicated gene pairs showed divergent expression patterns, suggesting that functional divergence has likely occurred since LOX genes duplicated, which potentially contributes to the production of various oxylipins in brown algae
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evolution and expansion of the prokaryote like lipoxygenase family in the brown alga saccharina japonica
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2017Co-Authors: Linhong Teng, Xiaowen Zhang, Simon M Dittami, Wentao Han, Xiao FanAbstract:Lipoxygenase (LOX) plays important roles in fatty acid oxidation and lipid mediator biosynthesis. In this study, we give first insights into brown algal LOX evolution. Whole genome searches revealed four, three, and eleven LOXs in Ectocarpus siliculosus, Cladosiphon okamuranus, and Saccharina japonica, respectively. In phylogenetic analyses, LOXs from brown algae form a robust clade with those from prokaryotes, suggesting an ancestral origin and slow evolution. Brown algal LOXs were divided into two clades, C1 and C2 in a phylogenetic tree. Compared to the two species of Ectocarpales, LOX gene expansion occurred in the kelp S. japonica through tandem duplication and segmental duplication. Selection pressure analysis showed that LOX genes in brown algae have undergone strong purifying selection, while the selective constraint in the C2 clade was more relaxed than that in the C1 clade. Furthermore, within each clade, LOXs of S. japonica evolved under more relaxed selection constraints than E. siliculosus and C. okamuranus. Structural modeling showed that unlike LOXs of plants and animals, which contain a β barrel in the N-terminal part of the protein, LOXs in brown algae fold into a single domain. Gene expression Analysis of previously published transcriptomic data analysis showed that LOXs in E. siliculosus are responsive to hyposaline, hypersaline, oxidative, and copper stresses. Moreover, clear divergence of expression patterns was observed among different life stages, as well as between duplicate gene pairs. In E. siliculosus, all four LOXs are male-biased in immature gametophytes, and mature gametophytes showed significantly higher LOX mRNA levels than immature gametophytes and sporophytes. In S. japonica, however, our RNA-Seq data showed that most LOXs are highly expressed in sporophytes. Even the most recently duplicated gene pairs showed divergent expression patterns, suggesting that functional divergence has likely occurred since LOX genes duplicated, which potentially contributes to the production of various oxylipins in brown algae.