The Experts below are selected from a list of 300 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Syahrul Anis Hazwani Mohd Baroyi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of surface area of Clay Pots on physicochemical and microbiological properties of stingless bee (Geniotrigona thoracica) honey
Food Bioscience, 2021Co-Authors: Nashratul Shera Mohamad Ghazali, Yus Aniza Yusof, Siti Hajar Othman, Hasanah Mohd Ghazali, Nyuk Ling Chin, Yanty Noorazianna Manaf, Lee Sin Chang, Syahrul Anis Hazwani Mohd BaroyiAbstract:Abstract High moisture content (>20%) in stingless bee (kelulut) honey contributes to many undesirable reactions that deteriorate the quality of the honey. This study proposed an alternative method to facilitate moisture reduction in Geniotrigona thoracica honey using unglazed Clay Pots with different surface diffusion areas. Stingless bee honey with an initial moisture content of 26.4 ± 0.3 g/100 g was placed in two custom-designed Clay Pots, and a glass bottle (control), stored at 25 ± 2 °C and evaluated for 10 days. Results showed that the honey stored in the Clay Pot with the larger surface area reduced moisture content more effectively, i.e.,
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The Application of Clay Pot for Moisture Reduction of Geniotrigona thoracica Stingless Bee Honey
International Journal on Advanced Science Engineering and Information Technology, 2019Co-Authors: Nashratul Shera Mohamad Ghazali, Yus Aniza Yusof, Chin Nyuk Ling, Siti Hajar Othman, Yanty Noorzianna Abdul Manaf, Syahrul Anis Hazwani Mohd BaroyiAbstract:Geniotrigona thoracica ( G. thoracica ) stingless bee honey contained high moisture that can easily lead to fermentation process. The high moisture content of stingless bee honey could lead to unwanted fermentation and crystallization form. Hence, it will affect the quality of honey in terms of acidic taste and undesirable appearance. To make sure stingless bee honey meets the standard set by IHC, some methods have been carried out to reduce its moisture content. This study investigates the moisture reduction during storage of G. thoracica stingless bee honey in a Clay Pot. The G. thoracica honeys were stored in Clay Pot with the inner volume of 75.4cm 3 and glass bottle (as control) at 25˚C for 21 days. Physicochemical analysis of honey such as moisture content, total soluble solid, water activity, viscosity, pH, free acidity, electrical conductivity, colour (L*, a* and b*) and colour intensity were investigated during storage. The result obtained indicated that the honey stored in a Clay Pot was significantly reduced the moisture content from 28.03% to 16.51%. The water activity (a w ) of honey in a Clay Pot was also reduced from 0.779 to 0.601. The free acidity of honey stored in a glass bottle increased significantly compared to honey stored in a Clay Pot, which was initially 106.7meq/kg to 146.3meq/kg and 121.7meq/kg, respectively. In conclusion, the application of Clay Pot as a storage medium was capable to reduce water content and preserved the quality of honey from G. thoracica .
Khosrow Farahbakhsh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Influence of household practices on the performance of Clay Pot water filters in rural Cambodia
Desalination, 2009Co-Authors: H. M. Murphy, E. Mcbean, Margaret Sampson, Khosrow FarahbakhshAbstract:Currently, only 41% of Cambodians have access to safe drinking water. To combat this issue, Resource Development International Cambodia (RDIC) has been promoting and developing affordable Clay Pot water filters to be sold across the country. Although the filters have excellent bacterial removal capabilities, researchers have identified that the contamination of water storage containers through improper household practices is an important issue that needs to be addressed. Twelve Cambodian households were selected to investigate the causes of contamination in plastic water storage containers used in Clay Pot filtration. Some of the findings of the study include: (1) improper maintenance and cleaning practices may cause an increase in bacterial counts (HPCs, TC and Escherichia coli) in treated water storage receptacles and (2) common causes of container contamination were improper cleaning, moving of the filter, placing the filter element on the ground, putting dirty hands inside the plastic container, and drying the container using a dirty cloth. © 2009.
Nashratul Shera Mohamad Ghazali - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of surface area of Clay Pots on physicochemical and microbiological properties of stingless bee (Geniotrigona thoracica) honey
Food Bioscience, 2021Co-Authors: Nashratul Shera Mohamad Ghazali, Yus Aniza Yusof, Siti Hajar Othman, Hasanah Mohd Ghazali, Nyuk Ling Chin, Yanty Noorazianna Manaf, Lee Sin Chang, Syahrul Anis Hazwani Mohd BaroyiAbstract:Abstract High moisture content (>20%) in stingless bee (kelulut) honey contributes to many undesirable reactions that deteriorate the quality of the honey. This study proposed an alternative method to facilitate moisture reduction in Geniotrigona thoracica honey using unglazed Clay Pots with different surface diffusion areas. Stingless bee honey with an initial moisture content of 26.4 ± 0.3 g/100 g was placed in two custom-designed Clay Pots, and a glass bottle (control), stored at 25 ± 2 °C and evaluated for 10 days. Results showed that the honey stored in the Clay Pot with the larger surface area reduced moisture content more effectively, i.e.,
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The Application of Clay Pot for Moisture Reduction of Geniotrigona thoracica Stingless Bee Honey
International Journal on Advanced Science Engineering and Information Technology, 2019Co-Authors: Nashratul Shera Mohamad Ghazali, Yus Aniza Yusof, Chin Nyuk Ling, Siti Hajar Othman, Yanty Noorzianna Abdul Manaf, Syahrul Anis Hazwani Mohd BaroyiAbstract:Geniotrigona thoracica ( G. thoracica ) stingless bee honey contained high moisture that can easily lead to fermentation process. The high moisture content of stingless bee honey could lead to unwanted fermentation and crystallization form. Hence, it will affect the quality of honey in terms of acidic taste and undesirable appearance. To make sure stingless bee honey meets the standard set by IHC, some methods have been carried out to reduce its moisture content. This study investigates the moisture reduction during storage of G. thoracica stingless bee honey in a Clay Pot. The G. thoracica honeys were stored in Clay Pot with the inner volume of 75.4cm 3 and glass bottle (as control) at 25˚C for 21 days. Physicochemical analysis of honey such as moisture content, total soluble solid, water activity, viscosity, pH, free acidity, electrical conductivity, colour (L*, a* and b*) and colour intensity were investigated during storage. The result obtained indicated that the honey stored in a Clay Pot was significantly reduced the moisture content from 28.03% to 16.51%. The water activity (a w ) of honey in a Clay Pot was also reduced from 0.779 to 0.601. The free acidity of honey stored in a glass bottle increased significantly compared to honey stored in a Clay Pot, which was initially 106.7meq/kg to 146.3meq/kg and 121.7meq/kg, respectively. In conclusion, the application of Clay Pot as a storage medium was capable to reduce water content and preserved the quality of honey from G. thoracica .
Kiros Meles Hadgu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative efficiency evaluation of different Clay Pots versus bucket irrigation system under swiss chard beta vulgaris subsp cicla growers condition in northern ethiopia
Malaysian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2015Co-Authors: Aa Araya, Solomon Habtu, Lucieta Guerreiro Martorano, Atkilt Girma, Haile Kebede, Kiros Meles HadguAbstract:Rain-fed agriculture shares the largest crop production system in Tigray region. However, due to erratic nature of rainfall, crop production is always at a risk. For this reason crop production in the arid and semi arid regions of northern Ethiopia usually requires supplemental irrigation. In an effort to assist agricultural production under smallholder farmers, the Regional Bureau of Agriculture and Natural Resources has been looking for efficient and less costly irrigation methods. Although drip irrigation technology has been well known for its higher efficiency, its adoption was too slow due to its high initial cost and inadequate technical knowhow. At the moment, in some areas of Tigray farmers have started practicing locally made low cost Clay Pot irrigation technology. However, the water use efficiency and its economic viability under smallholder farmers were not adequately understood. The objectives of this study were thus to examine the economical viability and estimate the water use efficiency of Clay Pot irrigation technology and to evaluate the performance of different Clay Pot design for irrigating Swiss chard (the most common leafy vegetable crop in this region). In this research traditional Pot maker was instructed to manufacture four different Clay Pot designs (imperforated bar type, imperforated round shape type, perforated bar type and perforated round types) which were used for assessing performance of Clay Pot for irrigating swiss chard. Performance tests were carried out based on economic and biomass water use efficiencies and cost benefit ratios under two groups of farmers (with and without land). The result showed that the imperforated bar shaped Clay Pots were found to be suited to grow Swiss chard. The water seeps out through the micro pores of the Clay Pots with relatively slow leaks and long surface wetting time and large area converge around the roots of plants. Contrarly, perforated Clay Pots leak the water fast through the macro and micro pores and have relatively short wetting time and small area coverage. On the other hand, the difference between imperforated bar and round types were simply the shapes of the Pots which is to do with the area coverage along with the rows of the Swiss chard plant. Round types were not as suitable as bar type of the same capacity for row Swiss chard crops due to their small wetting area coverage compared to a similar volume with imperforated bar shaped Clay Pots type. The economic and biomass water use efficiency for the imperforated bar Clay Pot design was higher than that of the bucket irrigation system as well as other tested Clay Pots. The other advantages with imperforated bar Clay Pots over the bucket type is that the water source is inside the soil thus evaporation is almost nil and there is also less probability of occurrence of leaf disease due to watering and ultimately improving the biomass and economical water use efficiency. However, the technology was not as profitable as the bucket irrigation technique when considering the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) due to costs incurred for purchase of Clay Pots. Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11903/mjmbr.v1n3.5
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Comparative Efficiency Evaluation of Different Clay Pots Versus Bucket Irrigation System Under Swiss Chard (Beta vulgaris subsp. cicla) Growers Condition in Northern Ethiopia
Malaysian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2015Co-Authors: Aa Araya, Solomon Habtu, Lucieta Guerreiro Martorano, Atkilt Girma, Haile Kebede, Kiros Meles HadguAbstract:Rain-fed agriculture shares the largest crop production system in Tigray region. However, due to erratic nature of rainfall, crop production is always at a risk. For this reason crop production in the arid and semi arid regions of northern Ethiopia usually requires supplemental irrigation. In an effort to assist agricultural production under smallholder farmers, the Regional Bureau of Agriculture and Natural Resources has been looking for efficient and less costly irrigation methods. Although drip irrigation technology has been well known for its higher efficiency, its adoption was too slow due to its high initial cost and inadequate technical knowhow. At the moment, in some areas of Tigray farmers have started practicing locally made low cost Clay Pot irrigation technology. However, the water use efficiency and its economic viability under smallholder farmers were not adequately understood. The objectives of this study were thus to examine the economical viability and estimate the water use efficiency of Clay Pot irrigation technology and to evaluate the performance of different Clay Pot design for irrigating Swiss chard (the most common leafy vegetable crop in this region). In this research traditional Pot maker was instructed to manufacture four different Clay Pot designs (imperforated bar type, imperforated round shape type, perforated bar type and perforated round types) which were used for assessing performance of Clay Pot for irrigating swiss chard. Performance tests were carried out based on economic and biomass water use efficiencies and cost benefit ratios under two groups of farmers (with and without land). The result showed that the imperforated bar shaped Clay Pots were found to be suited to grow Swiss chard. The water seeps out through the micro pores of the Clay Pots with relatively slow leaks and long surface wetting time and large area converge around the roots of plants. Contrarly, perforated Clay Pots leak the water fast through the macro and micro pores and have relatively short wetting time and small area coverage. On the other hand, the difference between imperforated bar and round types were simply the shapes of the Pots which is to do with the area coverage along with the rows of the Swiss chard plant. Round types were not as suitable as bar type of the same capacity for row Swiss chard crops due to their small wetting area coverage compared to a similar volume with imperforated bar shaped Clay Pots type. The economic and biomass water use efficiency for the imperforated bar Clay Pot design was higher than that of the bucket irrigation system as well as other tested Clay Pots. The other advantages with imperforated bar Clay Pots over the bucket type is that the water source is inside the soil thus evaporation is almost nil and there is also less probability of occurrence of leaf disease due to watering and ultimately improving the biomass and economical water use efficiency. However, the technology was not as profitable as the bucket irrigation technique when considering the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) due to costs incurred for purchase of Clay Pots.
Lucieta Guerreiro Martorano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluating water productivity of tomato pepper and swiss chard under Clay Pot and furrow irrigation technologies in semi arid areas of northern ethiopia
International Journal of Water, 2018Co-Authors: Amanuel A Gebru, A Araya, Solomon Habtu, Tsegay Woldegeorgis, Daniel Teka, Lucieta Guerreiro MartoranoAbstract:Managing irrigation water is among the critical issues to address food insecurity under climate change and variability conditions. Irrigation is suggested as one of the adaptation practices commonly implemented to reduce climate related risks. However, there is scarcity of water in many drylands and identifying an efficient and effective irrigation system is crucial. A comparative study was undertaken between bar-shaped Clay Pot and furrow irrigation on tomato, pepper and Swiss chard crops in northern Ethiopia during the cropping season of 2014/2015. Results were compared on the basis of yield, water productivity and economic performance. The yields of Swiss chard, tomato and pepper were increased by up to 51, 32 and 30%, respectively, in bar-shaped Clay Pot irrigation system as compared to the control. Water saving was also considerably increased by 40.6, 41.2 and 41.7% for the respective crops as compared to the control. Similarly, the water productivities of Swiss chard, tomato and pepper were 10.9, 4.2, and 1.8 kg m–3, respectively. Further research on the suitability of bar-shaped Clay Pot irrigation on various soils and crops is recommended.
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comparative efficiency evaluation of different Clay Pots versus bucket irrigation system under swiss chard beta vulgaris subsp cicla growers condition in northern ethiopia
Malaysian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2015Co-Authors: Aa Araya, Solomon Habtu, Lucieta Guerreiro Martorano, Atkilt Girma, Haile Kebede, Kiros Meles HadguAbstract:Rain-fed agriculture shares the largest crop production system in Tigray region. However, due to erratic nature of rainfall, crop production is always at a risk. For this reason crop production in the arid and semi arid regions of northern Ethiopia usually requires supplemental irrigation. In an effort to assist agricultural production under smallholder farmers, the Regional Bureau of Agriculture and Natural Resources has been looking for efficient and less costly irrigation methods. Although drip irrigation technology has been well known for its higher efficiency, its adoption was too slow due to its high initial cost and inadequate technical knowhow. At the moment, in some areas of Tigray farmers have started practicing locally made low cost Clay Pot irrigation technology. However, the water use efficiency and its economic viability under smallholder farmers were not adequately understood. The objectives of this study were thus to examine the economical viability and estimate the water use efficiency of Clay Pot irrigation technology and to evaluate the performance of different Clay Pot design for irrigating Swiss chard (the most common leafy vegetable crop in this region). In this research traditional Pot maker was instructed to manufacture four different Clay Pot designs (imperforated bar type, imperforated round shape type, perforated bar type and perforated round types) which were used for assessing performance of Clay Pot for irrigating swiss chard. Performance tests were carried out based on economic and biomass water use efficiencies and cost benefit ratios under two groups of farmers (with and without land). The result showed that the imperforated bar shaped Clay Pots were found to be suited to grow Swiss chard. The water seeps out through the micro pores of the Clay Pots with relatively slow leaks and long surface wetting time and large area converge around the roots of plants. Contrarly, perforated Clay Pots leak the water fast through the macro and micro pores and have relatively short wetting time and small area coverage. On the other hand, the difference between imperforated bar and round types were simply the shapes of the Pots which is to do with the area coverage along with the rows of the Swiss chard plant. Round types were not as suitable as bar type of the same capacity for row Swiss chard crops due to their small wetting area coverage compared to a similar volume with imperforated bar shaped Clay Pots type. The economic and biomass water use efficiency for the imperforated bar Clay Pot design was higher than that of the bucket irrigation system as well as other tested Clay Pots. The other advantages with imperforated bar Clay Pots over the bucket type is that the water source is inside the soil thus evaporation is almost nil and there is also less probability of occurrence of leaf disease due to watering and ultimately improving the biomass and economical water use efficiency. However, the technology was not as profitable as the bucket irrigation technique when considering the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) due to costs incurred for purchase of Clay Pots. Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11903/mjmbr.v1n3.5
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Comparative Efficiency Evaluation of Different Clay Pots Versus Bucket Irrigation System Under Swiss Chard (Beta vulgaris subsp. cicla) Growers Condition in Northern Ethiopia
Malaysian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2015Co-Authors: Aa Araya, Solomon Habtu, Lucieta Guerreiro Martorano, Atkilt Girma, Haile Kebede, Kiros Meles HadguAbstract:Rain-fed agriculture shares the largest crop production system in Tigray region. However, due to erratic nature of rainfall, crop production is always at a risk. For this reason crop production in the arid and semi arid regions of northern Ethiopia usually requires supplemental irrigation. In an effort to assist agricultural production under smallholder farmers, the Regional Bureau of Agriculture and Natural Resources has been looking for efficient and less costly irrigation methods. Although drip irrigation technology has been well known for its higher efficiency, its adoption was too slow due to its high initial cost and inadequate technical knowhow. At the moment, in some areas of Tigray farmers have started practicing locally made low cost Clay Pot irrigation technology. However, the water use efficiency and its economic viability under smallholder farmers were not adequately understood. The objectives of this study were thus to examine the economical viability and estimate the water use efficiency of Clay Pot irrigation technology and to evaluate the performance of different Clay Pot design for irrigating Swiss chard (the most common leafy vegetable crop in this region). In this research traditional Pot maker was instructed to manufacture four different Clay Pot designs (imperforated bar type, imperforated round shape type, perforated bar type and perforated round types) which were used for assessing performance of Clay Pot for irrigating swiss chard. Performance tests were carried out based on economic and biomass water use efficiencies and cost benefit ratios under two groups of farmers (with and without land). The result showed that the imperforated bar shaped Clay Pots were found to be suited to grow Swiss chard. The water seeps out through the micro pores of the Clay Pots with relatively slow leaks and long surface wetting time and large area converge around the roots of plants. Contrarly, perforated Clay Pots leak the water fast through the macro and micro pores and have relatively short wetting time and small area coverage. On the other hand, the difference between imperforated bar and round types were simply the shapes of the Pots which is to do with the area coverage along with the rows of the Swiss chard plant. Round types were not as suitable as bar type of the same capacity for row Swiss chard crops due to their small wetting area coverage compared to a similar volume with imperforated bar shaped Clay Pots type. The economic and biomass water use efficiency for the imperforated bar Clay Pot design was higher than that of the bucket irrigation system as well as other tested Clay Pots. The other advantages with imperforated bar Clay Pots over the bucket type is that the water source is inside the soil thus evaporation is almost nil and there is also less probability of occurrence of leaf disease due to watering and ultimately improving the biomass and economical water use efficiency. However, the technology was not as profitable as the bucket irrigation technique when considering the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) due to costs incurred for purchase of Clay Pots.