The Experts below are selected from a list of 270 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Doron Steinberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Comparison of the efficacy of a novel sustained release Clotrimazole varnish and Clotrimazole troches for the treatment of oral candidiasis
    Clinical Oral Investigations, 2015
    Co-Authors: Rakefet Czerninski, Michael Friedman, Irith Gati, Anna Pikovsky, Doron Steinberg
    Abstract:

    Objectives Candida albicans is a common fungal infection and is commensal in 40–65 % of healthy adults. The development and pharmacokinetics of a novel sustained release Clotrimazole varnish (Clot-SRV) for topical oral use have been reported. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of this varnish with Clotrimazole troche treatment of oral candidiasis. Materials and methods Of the 12 patients with denture stomatitis treated for 14 days, six used Clot-SRV (study group) and six Clotrimazole troches (control). The patients were instructed to use Clot-SRV (50 mg of Clotrimazole) once a day, and the control group was instructed to use five troches of 10 mg Clotrimazole/day. Microbiological samples were obtained from saliva, buccal mucosa, palate, and denture. The degree of erythema was recorded at three time points, and subjective opinions noted using a questionnaire. Results At the end of the study, the control group had relatively more cases of erythema on all examined surfaces; patients who applied the Clot-SRV had significantly lower levels of candida on the denture surfaces and in saliva, and had better compliance to the medication. Conclusions The novel Clotrimazole sustained release varnish may be an important part of a new protocol for oral candidiasis, with improved clinical outcomes.

  • Comparison of the efficacy of a novel sustained release Clotrimazole varnish and Clotrimazole troches for the treatment of oral candidiasis
    Clinical oral investigations, 2014
    Co-Authors: Rakefet Czerninski, Michael Friedman, Irith Gati, Anna Pikovsky, Doron Steinberg
    Abstract:

    Candida albicans is a common fungal infection and is commensal in 40–65 % of healthy adults. The development and pharmacokinetics of a novel sustained release Clotrimazole varnish (Clot-SRV) for topical oral use have been reported. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of this varnish with Clotrimazole troche treatment of oral candidiasis. Of the 12 patients with denture stomatitis treated for 14 days, six used Clot-SRV (study group) and six Clotrimazole troches (control). The patients were instructed to use Clot-SRV (50 mg of Clotrimazole) once a day, and the control group was instructed to use five troches of 10 mg Clotrimazole/day. Microbiological samples were obtained from saliva, buccal mucosa, palate, and denture. The degree of erythema was recorded at three time points, and subjective opinions noted using a questionnaire. At the end of the study, the control group had relatively more cases of erythema on all examined surfaces; patients who applied the Clot-SRV had significantly lower levels of candida on the denture surfaces and in saliva, and had better compliance to the medication. The novel Clotrimazole sustained release varnish may be an important part of a new protocol for oral candidiasis, with improved clinical outcomes.

Rakefet Czerninski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Comparison of the efficacy of a novel sustained release Clotrimazole varnish and Clotrimazole troches for the treatment of oral candidiasis
    Clinical Oral Investigations, 2015
    Co-Authors: Rakefet Czerninski, Michael Friedman, Irith Gati, Anna Pikovsky, Doron Steinberg
    Abstract:

    Objectives Candida albicans is a common fungal infection and is commensal in 40–65 % of healthy adults. The development and pharmacokinetics of a novel sustained release Clotrimazole varnish (Clot-SRV) for topical oral use have been reported. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of this varnish with Clotrimazole troche treatment of oral candidiasis. Materials and methods Of the 12 patients with denture stomatitis treated for 14 days, six used Clot-SRV (study group) and six Clotrimazole troches (control). The patients were instructed to use Clot-SRV (50 mg of Clotrimazole) once a day, and the control group was instructed to use five troches of 10 mg Clotrimazole/day. Microbiological samples were obtained from saliva, buccal mucosa, palate, and denture. The degree of erythema was recorded at three time points, and subjective opinions noted using a questionnaire. Results At the end of the study, the control group had relatively more cases of erythema on all examined surfaces; patients who applied the Clot-SRV had significantly lower levels of candida on the denture surfaces and in saliva, and had better compliance to the medication. Conclusions The novel Clotrimazole sustained release varnish may be an important part of a new protocol for oral candidiasis, with improved clinical outcomes.

  • Comparison of the efficacy of a novel sustained release Clotrimazole varnish and Clotrimazole troches for the treatment of oral candidiasis
    Clinical oral investigations, 2014
    Co-Authors: Rakefet Czerninski, Michael Friedman, Irith Gati, Anna Pikovsky, Doron Steinberg
    Abstract:

    Candida albicans is a common fungal infection and is commensal in 40–65 % of healthy adults. The development and pharmacokinetics of a novel sustained release Clotrimazole varnish (Clot-SRV) for topical oral use have been reported. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of this varnish with Clotrimazole troche treatment of oral candidiasis. Of the 12 patients with denture stomatitis treated for 14 days, six used Clot-SRV (study group) and six Clotrimazole troches (control). The patients were instructed to use Clot-SRV (50 mg of Clotrimazole) once a day, and the control group was instructed to use five troches of 10 mg Clotrimazole/day. Microbiological samples were obtained from saliva, buccal mucosa, palate, and denture. The degree of erythema was recorded at three time points, and subjective opinions noted using a questionnaire. At the end of the study, the control group had relatively more cases of erythema on all examined surfaces; patients who applied the Clot-SRV had significantly lower levels of candida on the denture surfaces and in saliva, and had better compliance to the medication. The novel Clotrimazole sustained release varnish may be an important part of a new protocol for oral candidiasis, with improved clinical outcomes.

François Brion - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Effect of in vivo chronic exposure to Clotrimazole on zebrafish testis function
    Environmental science and pollution research international, 2013
    Co-Authors: Damien Baudiffier, Rudiger W Schulz, Nathalie Hinfray, Nicolas Creusot, Edith Chadili, Jean-marc Porcher, Catherine Ravaud, François Brion
    Abstract:

    Clotrimazole is an azole fungicide used as a human pharmaceutical that is known to inhibit cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymatic activities, including several steroidogenic CYP. In a previous report, we showed that a 7-day exposure to Clotrimazole induced the expression of genes related to steroidogenesis in the testes as a compensatory response, involving the activation of the Fsh/Fshr pathway. In this context, the aim of the present study was to assess the effect of an in vivo 21-day chronic exposure to Clotrimazole (30–197 μg/L) on zebrafish testis function, i.e., spermatogenesis and androgen release. The experimental design combined (1) gene transcript levels measurements along the brain–pituitary–gonad axis, (2) 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) quantification in the blood, and (3) histology of the testes, including morphometric analysis. The chronic exposure led to an induction of steroidogenesis-related genes and fshr in the testes as well as fshβ in the pituitary. Moreover, increases of the gonadosomatic index and of the volume proportion of interstitial Leydig cells were observed in Clotrimazole-exposed fish. In accordance with these histological observations, the circulating concentration of 11-KT had increased. Morphometric analysis of the testes did not show an effect of Clotrimazole on meiotic (spermatocytes) or postmeiotic (spermatids and spermatozoa) stages, but we observed an increase in the number of type A spermatogonia, in agreement with an increase in mRNA levels of piwil1, a specific molecular marker of type A spermatogonia. Our study demonstrated that Clotrimazole is able to affect testicular physiology and raised further concern about the impact of Clotrimazole on reproduction.

  • Characterization of the mode of action of the pharmaceutical Clotrimazole on testicular steroidogenesis in zebrafish
    2012
    Co-Authors: Damien Baudiffier, Rudiger W Schulz, Nathalie Hinfray, Jean-marc Porcher, François Brion
    Abstract:

    Clotrimazole is a pharmaceutical fungicide that has been recently detected in aquatic environment. This substance is known to inhibit CYP enzymatic activities, including several steroidogenic CYP but little is known about its in vivo endocrine disrupting potency in fish. In vertebrates gonadal steroidogenesis is under the control of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis. The aim of the present study was (i) to assess the effect of Clotrimazole on zebrafish testicular steroidogenesis by conducting in vivo and in vitro experiments and (ii) to characterize its mode of action by studying a network of functional target genes of the pituitary-gonad axis by means of Q-PCR. In vivo exposures of male zebrafish to Clotrimazole were conducted for 7 (70- 150 micro g/L) or 21 days (20-200 micro g/L) and led to concentration-dependent inductions of steroidogenic gene and protein expressions. In vitro testicular explants were exposed to similar concentrations of Clotrimazole, and no effect was observed on transcript levels of steroidogenic enzymes. However, Clotrimazole inhibited 11-KT release in the culture medium. This result suggests that Clotrimazole does not act directly on testis to regulate the transcriptional activity of these genes. Induction of steroidogenic genes could be interpreted as a compensatory biological response to inhibition of cytochrome P-450dependent steroidogenic enzymes. To support this hypothesis, a network of functional genes of the pituitary-gonad axis was used. We showed that Clotrimazole induce a cascade of molecular events in pituitary and testes. Transcript levels of genes encoding for pituitary Gonadotropin releasing hormone receptors (GnRH-R) and folliculo - stimulating hormone (FSH) - subunit, as well as testicular FSH receptor and steroidogenic enzymes were induced. All together, these molecular events are consistent with the involvement of FSH in inducing steroidogenic gene expressions to compensate the inhibitory action of Clotrimazole on 11-KT synthesis. Our study highlights the relevance of studying a network of relevant genes of the pituitary-gonad axis to investigate the mode of action of Clotrimazole on the endocrine system of fish. Such approach could be extended to other compounds acting as inhibitor of P450-steroidogenic enzymes. The disruption of testicular steroidogenesis raises further concerns about the impact of Clotrimazole on reproduction.

  • A critical role of follicle-stimulating hormone (Fsh) in mediating the effect of Clotrimazole on testicular steroidogenesis in adult zebrafish
    Toxicology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Damien Baudiffier, Rudiger W Schulz, Nathalie Hinfray, Mélanie Vosges, Nicolas Creusot, Edith Chadili, Jean-marc Porcher, François Brion
    Abstract:

    Clotrimazole is a pharmaceutical fungicide known to inhibit several cytochrome P450 enzyme activities, including several steroidogenic enzymes. This study aimed to assess short-term in vivo effects of Clotrimazole exposure on blood 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) levels and on the transcriptional activity of genes in pituitary and testis tissue that are functionally relevant for androgen production with the view to further characterize the mode of action of Clotrimazole on the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis in zebrafish, a model vertebrate in toxicology. Adult male zebrafish were exposed to measured concentrations in water of 71, 159 and 258 micro g/L of Clotrimazole for 7 days. Expression of pituitary gonadotropins ß subunit (lhb, fshb), testicular gonadotropins receptors (lhcgr, fshr) and testicular steroidogenesisrelated genes (e.g., star, cyp17a1, cyp11c1) were assessed. Blood concentrations of 11-KT were measured. Short-term exposure to Clotrimazole induced a concentration-dependent increase of star, cyp17a1, and cyp11c1 gene expression and Cyp17a1 and Cy11c1 protein synthesis in Leydig cells, but androgen levels in blood remained unchanged. fshb, but not lhb mRNA levels in the pituitary tended to increase in Clotrimazole-exposed zebrafish. Testicular expression of the Fsh receptor gene was significantly upregulated following exposure, when expression of this receptor was significantly correlated to the expression of steroidogenesis-related genes. Moreover, the Fsh-regulated insulin-like growth factor 3 (igf3) gene, a fish-specific Igf peptide expressed in Sertoli cells, was induced in testes. By using a network of genes functioning in pituitary and testis tissue, our study demonstrated that Clotrimazole induced a cascade of molecular and cellular events which are in agreement with a role for Fsh in stimulating Leydig cell steroidogenesis to compensate the inhibitory action of Clotrimazole on 11-KT synthesis and in inducing the expression of Fsh-regulated igf3 in Sertoli cells.

  • Effect of azole fungicides on testicular steroidogenesis in vivo and ex vivo in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
    2011
    Co-Authors: Damien Baudiffier, Nathalie Hinfray, Jean-marc Porcher, François Brion
    Abstract:

    The occurrence of several azole fungicides in aquatic environment has been recently reported but their endocrine effects in fish are poorly studied. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of Clotrimazole, a pharmaceutical fungicide, on expression of key target genes (StaR, cyp17a1, cyp11b2) involved in testicular steroidogenesis as well as on 11- ketotestosterone (11KT) biosynthesis. For that purpose, we first exposed adult male zebrafish to a wide range of Clotrimazole concentrations(from 0.01 uM to 0.3 uM) for 7 days. In vivo exposure to Clotrimazole resulted in an increase of cyp17a1 and cyp11b2 gene expressions in testis. To gain further information about the mechanism of action of Clotrimazole, zebrafish testicular explants were exposed to similar concentrations of Clotrimazole, with or without forskolin (FSK), an activator of the cAMP pathway that stimulates steroidogenesis. FSK (1 uM) strongly up-regulated cyp17a1 and cyp11b2 gene expressions and increased 11KT release in the culture medium. Clotrimazole (0.2, 1, and 5 uM), alone or in combination with FSK (1 uM), did not change basal or FSK-induced expression of cyp17a1 and cyp11b2. However, it inhibited both basal and FSK-induced 11KT release ex vivo, suggesting it acted as an inhibitor of steroidogenic enzymes. In order to determine whether other compounds belonging to the azole family are able to elicit similar effect on testicular steroidogenesis as Clotrimazole, two other azole fungicides known to contaminate aquatic environment were tested, fenbuconazole and propiconazole. We showed that exposure of male zebrafish for 7 days to fenbuconazole and propiconazole had no significant effects on steroidogenic gene expressions while ex vivo both azoles was able to inhibit the 11KT release. Overall, our results show for the first time that the pharmaceutical fungicide Clotrimazole is able to affect key steroidogenic genes expressions in a fish testis. However, the marked differences observed between in vivo and ex vivo experiments suggest that Clotrimazole does not act directly on testes to regulate cyp17a1and cyp11b2 transcription. Whatever, using the testis tissue explants model, we demonstrate a direct action of Clotrimazole, and to a lesser extent propiconazole and fenbuconazole, on the gonad which results in inhibition of 11KT synthesis. These original data deserve further studies on the effect of these compounds on fish reproduction

Michael Friedman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Comparison of the efficacy of a novel sustained release Clotrimazole varnish and Clotrimazole troches for the treatment of oral candidiasis
    Clinical Oral Investigations, 2015
    Co-Authors: Rakefet Czerninski, Michael Friedman, Irith Gati, Anna Pikovsky, Doron Steinberg
    Abstract:

    Objectives Candida albicans is a common fungal infection and is commensal in 40–65 % of healthy adults. The development and pharmacokinetics of a novel sustained release Clotrimazole varnish (Clot-SRV) for topical oral use have been reported. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of this varnish with Clotrimazole troche treatment of oral candidiasis. Materials and methods Of the 12 patients with denture stomatitis treated for 14 days, six used Clot-SRV (study group) and six Clotrimazole troches (control). The patients were instructed to use Clot-SRV (50 mg of Clotrimazole) once a day, and the control group was instructed to use five troches of 10 mg Clotrimazole/day. Microbiological samples were obtained from saliva, buccal mucosa, palate, and denture. The degree of erythema was recorded at three time points, and subjective opinions noted using a questionnaire. Results At the end of the study, the control group had relatively more cases of erythema on all examined surfaces; patients who applied the Clot-SRV had significantly lower levels of candida on the denture surfaces and in saliva, and had better compliance to the medication. Conclusions The novel Clotrimazole sustained release varnish may be an important part of a new protocol for oral candidiasis, with improved clinical outcomes.

  • Comparison of the efficacy of a novel sustained release Clotrimazole varnish and Clotrimazole troches for the treatment of oral candidiasis
    Clinical oral investigations, 2014
    Co-Authors: Rakefet Czerninski, Michael Friedman, Irith Gati, Anna Pikovsky, Doron Steinberg
    Abstract:

    Candida albicans is a common fungal infection and is commensal in 40–65 % of healthy adults. The development and pharmacokinetics of a novel sustained release Clotrimazole varnish (Clot-SRV) for topical oral use have been reported. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of this varnish with Clotrimazole troche treatment of oral candidiasis. Of the 12 patients with denture stomatitis treated for 14 days, six used Clot-SRV (study group) and six Clotrimazole troches (control). The patients were instructed to use Clot-SRV (50 mg of Clotrimazole) once a day, and the control group was instructed to use five troches of 10 mg Clotrimazole/day. Microbiological samples were obtained from saliva, buccal mucosa, palate, and denture. The degree of erythema was recorded at three time points, and subjective opinions noted using a questionnaire. At the end of the study, the control group had relatively more cases of erythema on all examined surfaces; patients who applied the Clot-SRV had significantly lower levels of candida on the denture surfaces and in saliva, and had better compliance to the medication. The novel Clotrimazole sustained release varnish may be an important part of a new protocol for oral candidiasis, with improved clinical outcomes.

Irith Gati - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Comparison of the efficacy of a novel sustained release Clotrimazole varnish and Clotrimazole troches for the treatment of oral candidiasis
    Clinical Oral Investigations, 2015
    Co-Authors: Rakefet Czerninski, Michael Friedman, Irith Gati, Anna Pikovsky, Doron Steinberg
    Abstract:

    Objectives Candida albicans is a common fungal infection and is commensal in 40–65 % of healthy adults. The development and pharmacokinetics of a novel sustained release Clotrimazole varnish (Clot-SRV) for topical oral use have been reported. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of this varnish with Clotrimazole troche treatment of oral candidiasis. Materials and methods Of the 12 patients with denture stomatitis treated for 14 days, six used Clot-SRV (study group) and six Clotrimazole troches (control). The patients were instructed to use Clot-SRV (50 mg of Clotrimazole) once a day, and the control group was instructed to use five troches of 10 mg Clotrimazole/day. Microbiological samples were obtained from saliva, buccal mucosa, palate, and denture. The degree of erythema was recorded at three time points, and subjective opinions noted using a questionnaire. Results At the end of the study, the control group had relatively more cases of erythema on all examined surfaces; patients who applied the Clot-SRV had significantly lower levels of candida on the denture surfaces and in saliva, and had better compliance to the medication. Conclusions The novel Clotrimazole sustained release varnish may be an important part of a new protocol for oral candidiasis, with improved clinical outcomes.

  • Comparison of the efficacy of a novel sustained release Clotrimazole varnish and Clotrimazole troches for the treatment of oral candidiasis
    Clinical oral investigations, 2014
    Co-Authors: Rakefet Czerninski, Michael Friedman, Irith Gati, Anna Pikovsky, Doron Steinberg
    Abstract:

    Candida albicans is a common fungal infection and is commensal in 40–65 % of healthy adults. The development and pharmacokinetics of a novel sustained release Clotrimazole varnish (Clot-SRV) for topical oral use have been reported. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of this varnish with Clotrimazole troche treatment of oral candidiasis. Of the 12 patients with denture stomatitis treated for 14 days, six used Clot-SRV (study group) and six Clotrimazole troches (control). The patients were instructed to use Clot-SRV (50 mg of Clotrimazole) once a day, and the control group was instructed to use five troches of 10 mg Clotrimazole/day. Microbiological samples were obtained from saliva, buccal mucosa, palate, and denture. The degree of erythema was recorded at three time points, and subjective opinions noted using a questionnaire. At the end of the study, the control group had relatively more cases of erythema on all examined surfaces; patients who applied the Clot-SRV had significantly lower levels of candida on the denture surfaces and in saliva, and had better compliance to the medication. The novel Clotrimazole sustained release varnish may be an important part of a new protocol for oral candidiasis, with improved clinical outcomes.