The Experts below are selected from a list of 174 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Julia Shaw - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Do False Memories Look Real? Evidence That People Struggle to Identify Rich False Memories of Committing Crime and Other Emotional Events.
Frontiers in psychology, 2020Co-Authors: Julia ShawAbstract:Two studies examined whether people could identify rich false memories. Each participant in both studies was presented with two videos, one of a person recalling a true emotional memory, and one of the same person recalling a false memory. These videos were filmed during a study which involved implanting rich false memories (Shaw and Porter, 2015). The false memories in the videos either involved Committing a Crime (assault, or assault with a weapon) or other highly emotional events (animal attack, or losing a large sum of money) during adolescence. In study 1, participants (n = 124) were no better than chance at accurately classifying false memories (61.29% accurate), or false memories of Committing Crime (53.33% accurate). In study 2, participants (n = 82) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions, where they only had access to the (i) audio account of the memory with no video, (ii) video account with no audio, or (iii) the full audio-visual accounts. False memories were classified correctly by 32.14% of the audio-only group, 45.45% of the video-only group, and 53.13% of the audio-visual group. This research provides evidence that naïve judges are not able to reliably identify false memories of emotional or criminal events, or differentiate true from false memories. These findings are likely to be of particular interest to those working in legal and criminal justice settings.
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Can technology help us spot a false memory? A linguistic analysis of rich false memories of Committing Crime
2015Co-Authors: Julia ShawAbstract:Whether or not false memories can be reliably distinguished from true memories carries tremendous legal and therapeutic implications. At the moment the false memory literature is somewhat divided on this issue, with some researchers finding notable differences between true and false memories, and others claiming that true and false memories look and feel the same. If an objective technique were to be able to reliably distinguish between true and false memories this would be incredibly useful for contexts where the reliability of memory is a constant concern. The present study adds to the debate by being the first to compare true emotional memories to lab-generated rich false memories of Committing Crime (false confessions) and other emotional events. 60 sets of videos, each set depicting the same individual recalling a rich true and a rich false memory, were examined using the linguistic software LIWC (2007). These videos were generated in a previous study (Shaw & Porter, 2015) which implanted the false memories experimentally through suggestive interviews. Results indicate that there is considerable overlap between the linguistic style of true and false accounts, which may result in false memories being linguistically indistinguishable from true memories in non-experimental contexts. The breakdown of specific linguistic characteristics will be examined, the potential usefulness of LIWC in legal contexts will be considered, and directions for future research will be discussed.
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Constructing Rich False Memories of Committing Crime
Psychological science, 2015Co-Authors: Julia Shaw, Stephen PorterAbstract:Memory researchers long have speculated that certain tactics may lead people to recall Crimes that never occurred, and thus could potentially lead to false confessions. This is the first study to provide evidence suggesting that full episodic false memories of Committing Crime can be generated in a controlled experimental setting. With suggestive memory-retrieval techniques, participants were induced to generate criminal and noncriminal emotional false memories, and we compared these false memories with true memories of emotional events. After three interviews, 70% of participants were classified as having false memories of Committing a Crime (theft, assault, or assault with a weapon) that led to police contact in early adolescence and volunteered a detailed false account. These reported false memories of Crime were similar to false memories of noncriminal events and to true memory accounts, having the same kinds of complex descriptive and multisensory components. It appears that in the context of a highly suggestive interview, people can quite readily generate rich false memories of Committing Crime.
Stephen Porter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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csi Crime scene induction creating false memories of Committing Crime
Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 2015Co-Authors: Stephen Porter, Alysha BakerAbstract:We describe two merging lines of empirical inquiry: entire false memories for autobiographical events and false confessions. A recent study showed that people can be led to remember, and confess to, perpetrating serious Crimes that never occurred when confronted with suggestive interview tactics commonly used in police interrogations.
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Constructing Rich False Memories of Committing Crime
Psychological science, 2015Co-Authors: Julia Shaw, Stephen PorterAbstract:Memory researchers long have speculated that certain tactics may lead people to recall Crimes that never occurred, and thus could potentially lead to false confessions. This is the first study to provide evidence suggesting that full episodic false memories of Committing Crime can be generated in a controlled experimental setting. With suggestive memory-retrieval techniques, participants were induced to generate criminal and noncriminal emotional false memories, and we compared these false memories with true memories of emotional events. After three interviews, 70% of participants were classified as having false memories of Committing a Crime (theft, assault, or assault with a weapon) that led to police contact in early adolescence and volunteered a detailed false account. These reported false memories of Crime were similar to false memories of noncriminal events and to true memory accounts, having the same kinds of complex descriptive and multisensory components. It appears that in the context of a highly suggestive interview, people can quite readily generate rich false memories of Committing Crime.
Han Qingling - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the reason analysis on teenagers Committing Crime from the perspective of socialization
Journal of Social Work, 2012Co-Authors: Han QinglingAbstract:The cause of teenagers Committing a Crime is complicated.the paper uses multidimensional analysis to figure out why teenagers embark on the criminal road from the perspective of socialization.The author believes that the variation of social institutions such as home,school and society,the one-sidedness of the content when social institutions socialize teenagers,the complexity and improperly of socialization means,and the transition of socialization environment are main reasons that make teenagers walk up to the Crime road.
Ji Hui-ran - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Thought about the Teenagers' Committing Crime of Our Country in the Psychology-Social Mode
Journal of Social Work, 2007Co-Authors: Ji Hui-ranAbstract:The Psychology-Society mode,which was a kind of mode in the social work,has the theoretical directive significance to apply to analyze the social problem of teenagers' Committing Crime in our country.From the Psychology-Social mode,it was the characteristic of the teenagers themselves psychological developing and social environment which influenced each other that causes the teenagers' Committing Crime.And the Psychology-Social mode is worth drawing lessons from in treating and preventing teenagers' Crime.
Kathy Pezdek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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deconstructing rich false memories of Committing Crime commentary on shaw and porter 2015
Psychological Science, 2018Co-Authors: Kimberley A Wade, Maryanne Garry, Kathy PezdekAbstract:For 20 years, scientists have created a range of false autobiographical memories using the “Lost in the mall” paradigm. Recently Shaw and Porter (2015) suggested to adults that, as adolescents, they had committed a Crime resulting in a brush with police. Their finding that 70% constructed "rich false memories” is markedly outside the central tendency of the literature, so we considered a counter explanation for Shaw and Porter's results: They failed to distinguish between subjects who appeared to remember (false memories) versus believe the suggestion (false beliefs). We used three different approaches to recode their data. Using Shaw and Porter's approach, we replicated their 70%. Using alternative approaches that distinguish between false beliefs and memories, we found 26-30% of subjects met the criteria for false memories. Moreover, we showed that laypeople’s understanding of remembering better aligns with the alternative coding approaches than with Shaw and Porter’s.