The Experts below are selected from a list of 10782 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Frédéric Lançon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • technical and economic feasibility of a guayule Commodity Chain in mediterranean europe
    Industrial Crops and Products, 2014
    Co-Authors: Nisrine Sfeir, Frédéric Lançon, Thierry Chapuset, Serge Palu, Ali Amor, Jose Garcia Garcia, Didier Snoeck
    Abstract:

    Abstract In order to manage the constraints that threaten the supply of natural rubber (NR) from Hevea rubber plantations, the only commercial source of NR, alternative sources were tested in Europe. Guayule, a shrub from the Mexican desert producing natural rubber was found to fit the Mediterranean climate as demonstrated by previous trials setup in France and Spain to assess its agronomic and technological feasibility. The objective of the study was to assess its economic feasibility. The financial accounts of a European guayule Commodity Chain model were established from data acquired from previous guayule trials carried out in southern Europe. We developed a guayule Commodity Chain managed by a farmer for growing biomass, and a processor for extracting rubber and other byproducts (resin, bagasse) in a conceived processing plant. Different simulations were tested to find the most feasible scenario. Based on a 10-year field cultivation period, the breakeven point for the farmer was reached at 214€ ton−1 of dry biomass with an average cost of field cultivation of 1924€ year−1. By purchasing biomass at farmer's breakeven point and considering latex as the only final product, the processor breakeven point was reached at latex selling price of 8.16€ kg−1 of dry rubber. Otherwise, when adding the parallel production of crude rubber, resin and bagasse through biorefinery process, the latex breakeven point can be lower, at 2.46€ kg−1 of dry rubber (plus crude rubber at 2.15€; resin at 2.10€; bagasse at 0.10€); all prices far below current market prices. Guayule in the Mediterranean was compared to other crops showing that it can play a role as an alternative crop from which the region can benefit to improve its economic development.

  • Technical and economic feasibility of a guayule Commodity Chain in Mediterranean Europe
    Industrial Crops and Products, 2014
    Co-Authors: Nisrine Sfeir, Frédéric Lançon, Thierry Chapuset, Serge Palu, Ali Amor, José García García, Didier Snoeck
    Abstract:

    In order to manage the constraints that threaten the supply of natural rubber (NR) from Hevea rubberplantations, the only commercial source of NR, alternative sources were tested in Europe. Guayule, ashrub from the Mexican desert producing natural rubber was found to fit the Mediterranean climateas demonstrated by previous trials setup in France and Spain to assess its agronomic and technologicalfeasibility. The objective of the study was to assess its economic feasibility.The financial accounts of a European guayule Commodity Chain model were established from dataacquired from previous guayule trials carried out in southern Europe. We developed a guayule commod-ity Chain managed by a farmer for growing biomass, and a processor for extracting rubber and otherbyproducts (resin, bagasse) in a conceived processing plant. Different simulations were tested to find themost feasible scenario. Based on a 10-year field cultivation period, the breakeven point for the farmerwas reached at 214D ton?1of dry biomass with an average cost of field cultivation of 1924D year?1. Bypurchasing biomass at farmer's breakeven point and considering latex as the only final product, the pro-cessor breakeven point was reached at latex selling price of 8.16D kg?1of dry rubber. Otherwise, whenadding the parallel production of crude rubber, resin and bagasse through biorefinery process, the latexbreakeven point can be lower, at 2.46D kg?1of dry rubber (plus crude rubber at 2.15D ; resin at 2.10D ;bagasse at 0.10D ); all prices far below current market prices.Guayule in the Mediterranean was compared to other crops showing that it can play a role as analternative crop from which the region can benefit to improve its economic development. (Résumé d'auteur)

  • Study and training on the Ghanaian rice Commodity Chain
    2008
    Co-Authors: Célia Coronel, Frédéric Lançon
    Abstract:

    The study and training on rice Commodity Chain has three main objectives: - To increase the capacities of GRIB executives in assessing rice sector issues and to formulate their own strategy for action. - To train Ghanaian experts and research officers in Commodity Chain analysis, through direct participation in the study. - To update and complete a study on the rice Commodity Chain in Ghana, with a focus on the economic performances of the Chain. As part of a strategy to increase value of Ghanaian rice one specific task was to investigate the opportunities and constraints to promote quality improvement. The whole study and training process is based on a participatory methodology designed to provide a background on Commodity Chain analysis, the formulation of strategic guidelines and planning, monitoring and evaluation of actions.

  • Study and training on the Ghanaian rice Commodity Chain : Final report
    2008
    Co-Authors: Célia Coronel, Frédéric Lançon
    Abstract:

    The study and training on rice Commodity Chain has three main objectives: - To increase the capacities of GRIB executives in assessing rice sector issues and to formulate their own strategy for action. - To train Ghanaian experts and research officers in Commodity Chain analysis, through direct participation in the study. - To update and complete a study on the rice Commodity Chain in Ghana, with a focus on the economic performances of the Chain. As part of a strategy to increase value of Ghanaian rice one specific task was to investigate the opportunities and constraints to promote quality improvement. The whole study and training process is based on a participatory methodology designed to provide a background on Commodity Chain analysis, the formulation of strategic guidelines and planning, monitoring and evaluation of actions. (Resume d'auteur)

Frank Witlox - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • World City Networks and Global Commodity Chains
    Global Networks-a Journal of Transnational Affairs, 2010
    Co-Authors: Céline Rozenblat, Ben Derudder, Frank Witlox
    Abstract:

    There are two literatures that explicitly describe the spaces of flows that constitute contemporary globalization – World City Network analysis and Global Commodity Chain analysis. We explore the possibilities of their integration by returning to their common origins in world-systems analysis. Each model is described and critiqued and it is argued that each can be used to address some of the other's limitations. This is illustrated through world city process additions to understanding the coffee Commodity Chain and Commodity Chain additions to understanding Mexico City and Santiago's positioning in the World City Network. This complementarity is just a first step towards a more complete integration; the conclusion describes the next steps towards just such a research agenda.

  • Commodity Chains and World Cities - World City Networks and Global Commodity Chains: towards a world‐systems' integration
    Global Networks, 2010
    Co-Authors: Ed Brown, Ben Derudder, Christof Parnreiter, Wim Pelupessy, Peter J. Taylor, Frank Witlox
    Abstract:

    There are two literatures that explicitly describe spaces of flows that constitute contemporary globalization: world city network analysis and global Commodity Chain analysis. We explore the possibilities of their integration by returning to their common origins in world-systems analysis. Each model is described and critiqued and it is argued that each can be used to address some of the other’s limitations. This is illustrated through world city process additions to understanding the coffee Commodity Chain and Commodity Chain additions to understanding Mexico City and Santiago’s positioning in the world city network. This complementarity is just a first step towards a more complete integration; the conclusion provides necessary next steps towards just such a research agenda.

Suzanne Reimer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • design national imaginaries and the home furnishings Commodity Chain
    Growth and Change, 2008
    Co-Authors: Suzanne Reimer, Deborah Leslie
    Abstract:

    This paper introduces the concept of national imaginaries as a means of foregrounding the continuing influence of ideas about the nation on understandings of Commodity production and circulation. National imaginaries are of crucial importance to the home furnishings Commodity network, flowing across sites of consumption, retailing, design, and production. Drawing upon the findings of a larger cross-national research project, the paper discusses three cases in which the characterisation of distinctive national design identities was particularly prominent. These include the representation of designers in the UK and Canada as "national heroes," and the tendency to measure British and Canadian design against a third national imaginary: that of Italy. A final case considers discursive constructions of national economic trajectories—of "success" or "failure"—within accounts of the British and Canadian furniture industries. It is argued that future work on the differentiating advantages, which may accrue to creative or cultural industries in particular localities, also should be attentive to the ways in which the place of the nation is used to construct imaginative geographies.

  • Fashioning furniture: Restructuring the furniture Commodity Chain
    Area, 2003
    Co-Authors: Deborah Leslie, Suzanne Reimer
    Abstract:

    The paper explores intersections between the fashion and\nfurniture industries as manifest across magazine, retail and\nmanufacturing spaces. We argue that the temporality and\nspatiality of furniture have begun to shift. As a result,\nfurniture retailers and manufacturers in Canada and the UK have\nbeen required to restructure their methods of operating.

  • Spatializing Commodity Chains
    Progress in Human Geography, 1999
    Co-Authors: Deborah Leslie, Suzanne Reimer
    Abstract:

    There has been a growing interest in connecting production and consumption through the study of Commodity Chains. We identify three distinct approaches to the Chain and review debates concerning the merits of a ‘vertical’ rather than a ‘horizontal’ approach. Drawing upon the example of the home furnishings Commodity Chain, the article highlights the importance of including horizontal factors such as gender and place alongside vertical Chains. We consider geographical contingencies which underpin Commodity Chain dynamics, the role of space in mediating relationships across the Chain and the spatialities of different products.

Charlotta Hedberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Restructuring global labor markets: Recruitment agencies and work relations in the wild berry Commodity Chain
    Labor Relations in Globalized Food, 2014
    Co-Authors: Charlotta Hedberg
    Abstract:

    RESTRUCTURING GLOBAL LABOR MARKETS : RECRUITMENT AGENCIES AND WORK RELATIONS IN THE WILD BERRY Commodity Chain

  • grapes of wrath power spatialities and aspects of labour in the wild berry global Commodity Chain
    Competition and Change, 2013
    Co-Authors: Charlotta Hedberg
    Abstract:

    Despite their central position, workers' relationships have often been a neglected issue in Commodity Chain approaches. This article analyses how the social relations of workers are affected by economic upgrading in the wild berry global Commodity Chain (GCC). It is argued that the social effects in a GCC are the result of multiple power spatialities, which must be analysed both according to workers' rights and from a household perspective. In the Swedish wild berry GCC, foreign workers are contracted on a seasonal basis to collect the raw material. The regulated workers, who are principally from Thailand, are subject to social upgrading as well as social downgrading, involving the potential for both exploitation in the Swedish labour market and social empowerment in their homeland. It is concluded that a complex mix of hierarchical, networked and topological power spatialities explain the construction of the wild berry GCC and its effects on worker relations.

Marcus J Rowcliffe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • structure and operation of a bushmeat Commodity Chain in southwestern ghana
    Conservation Biology, 2005
    Co-Authors: Guy Cowlishaw, Samantha Mendelson, Marcus J Rowcliffe
    Abstract:

    : The bushmeat trade is perceived as a major threat to wild animal populations in the tropics. Little is known of how the trade is organized, however, or of the actors involved in it, impeding the development of effective conservation policy. We investigated the structure and operation of a bushmeat Commodity Chain in West Africa that supplies a typical urban market, the city of Takoradi in southwestern Ghana. Data were collected from January through February 2000, describing 2430 bushmeat transactions encompassing 17 different taxa from 70 different actors, through a combination of direct observation and semistructured interviews. Five different types of actor traded along the Commodity Chain: commercial hunters, farmer hunters, wholesalers, market traders, and chopbar (cafe) owners. Bushmeat was traded freely among all these actors, although the primary trade route for terrestrial mammals was from commercial hunters via wholesalers to chopbars. In contrast, invertebrates were only traded by farmer hunters, market traders, and chopbars. Wholesalers captured the largest per capita share of the market (4% of all sales were handled by each wholesaler), whereas the most important vendors were chopbars, which as a group made 85% of all bushmeat sales to the public. Variation in the price of bushmeat was largely explained by transport costs and taste preferences. Transport costs were most significant for hunters and greatest on long journeys involving large loads. Nevertheless, hunters obtained the greatest income per kilogram of bushmeat sold of all actor groups. Our results suggest that there is no single best entry point along the bushmeat Commodity Chain for conservation intervention. On the contrary, the successful monitoring and management of the bushmeat trade is likely to require a multiactor approach that encompasses most or all actor groups. Resumen: El comercio de carne silvestre es una amenaza mayor para poblaciones de animales silvestre en los tropicos. Sin embargo, se conoce poco de como esta organizado o de los actores involucrados, lo que impide el desarrollo de una politica de conservacion efectiva. Investigamos la estructura y operacion de una cadena de produccion de carne silvestre en Africa Occidental que abastece un mercado urbano tipico: la ciudad de Takoradi en el suroeste de Ghana. Se recolectaron datos, de enero a febrero 2000, describiendo 2430 transacciones de carne silvestre comprendiendo 17 taxa diferentes y 70 actores diferentes, por medio de una combinacion de observacion directa y entrevistas semiestructuradas. En la cadena de comercializacion participaron cinco diferentes tipos de actor: cazadores comerciales, cazadores campesinos, mayoristas, comerciantes de mercado y propietarios de cafes. La carne silvestre se comercializo libremente entre todos estos actores, aunque la ruta primaria de comercio para mamiferos terrestres fue de cazadores comerciales a cafes, via mayoristas. En contraste, los invertebrados fueron comercializados solo por cazadores campesinos, comerciantes de mercado y cafes. Los mayoristas capturaron la mayor ganancia per capita del mercado (4% de todas las ventas fueron manejadas por cada mayorista), mientras que los cafes fueron los vendedores mas importantes, que como grupo realizaron 85% de todas las ventas de carne silvestre al publico. La variacion en el precio de la carne silvestre se explico principalmente por los costos de transporte y preferencia de sabor. Los costos de transporte fueron mas significativos para cazadores y mayores en viajes largos con cargas grandes. Sin embargo, los cazadores obtuvieron el mayor ingreso por kilogramo de carne. Nuestros resultados sugieren que, a lo largo de toda la cadena de produccion, no hay un solo punto de entrada para la intervencion de conservacion. Por el contrario, el monitoreo y manejo exitoso del comercio de carne silvestre requiere de una aproximacion que comprenda a la mayoria de o todos los grupos actores.

  • wildlife policy briefing the bushmeat Commodity Chain patterns of trade and sustainability in a mature urban market in west africa
    2004
    Co-Authors: Guy Cowlishaw, Samantha Mendelson, Marcus J Rowcliffe
    Abstract:

    Bushmeat can be an important component of household food security and income in West and Central Africa. However, there is growing concern that current levels of bushmeat extraction are unsustainable and will lead to the loss of bushmeat as a natural resource and to the extinction of many threatened species. Policy development to mitigate this risk is impeded by a dearth of information on the structure of the bushmeat trade and its biological sustainability. In this study, we tackle these problems by exploring the structure and sustainability of a bushmeat Commodity Chain supplying the city of Takoradi in Ghana.

  • anatomy of a bushmeat Commodity Chain in takoradi ghana
    The Journal of Peasant Studies, 2003
    Co-Authors: Samantha Mendelson, Guy Cowlishaw, Marcus J Rowcliffe
    Abstract:

    Bushmeat, the meat of wild animals, is a highly valuable non-timber forest product in West and Central Africa. The trade in this Commodity is currently of great interest to development and conservation agencies, due to concern over the sustainability of its use and the implications of its loss for poor rural households. In this study, we describe the bushmeat Commodity Chain that supplies the city of Sekondi-Takoradi in Ghana. There are five primary actors in the trade: commercial hunters and farmer hunters, all of whom are men based in local rural areas; and wholesalers, market traders and chopbar owners, all of whom are women based in the city. Bushmeat is freely traded between all actors and actor groups, but the main trade route is from commercial hunters to wholesalers to chopbars. Wholesalers are the smallest actor group but handle the largest per capita market share, whilst chopbars are the most numerous group and together account for 85 per cent of retail sales. The costs of participating in the t...