The Experts below are selected from a list of 1782 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Maria Luz Cayuela - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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relationships between emitted volatile organic compounds and their concentration in the Pile during municipal solid waste Composting
Waste Management, 2018Co-Authors: Miguel Angel Sanchezmonedero, A Fernandezhernandez, Fabio Satoshi Higashikawa, Maria Luz CayuelaAbstract:Abstract Composting operations taking place at municipal solid waste (MSW) treatment plants represent a source of volatile organic compounds (VOC) to the atmosphere. Understanding the variables governing the release of VOC at these facilities is crucial to assess potential health risks for site workers and local residents. In this work the changes in the VOC composition of a Composting Pile were monitored and compared to the VOC emmited from the same Pile in order to understand the impact of Composting operations on the release of VOC. More than one hundred VOC were indentified in the solid phase of the Composting Piles, which were dominated by terpenes (about 50% of the total amount of VOC) and in a lower quantity alcohols, volatile fatty acids and aromatic compounds. There was a reduction in the total concentration of VOC in the Pile during Composting, from 45 to 35 mg/kg, but the compostion and distribution of VOC families remained stable in the Pile even in the mature compost. However, there was no correlation between the emitted VOC and their concentration in the Composting Pile. The VOC emission pattern was affected by the biological activity in the Pile (measured by temperature, CO2 evolution and the presence of CH4 emissions). The highest VOC emissions were detected at early stages of the process, alongside with the generation of CH4 in the Pile, and then decreased sharply in the mature compost as a consequence of biodegradation and volatilisation. These results pointed to the importance of Composting operation rather than the composition of the raw materials on the release of VOC in Composting plants.
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role of biochar as an additive in organic waste Composting
Bioresource Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Miguel Angel Sanchezmonedero, Maria Luz Cayuela, A Roig, Keiji Jindo, Claudio Mondini, Nanthi BolanAbstract:The use of biochar in organic waste Composting has attracted interest in the last decade due to the environmental and agronomical benefits obtained during the process. Biochar presents favourable physicochemical properties, such as large porosity, surface area and high cation exchange capacity, enabling interaction with major nutrient cycles and favouring microbial growth in the Composting Pile. The enhanced environmental conditions can promote a change in the microbial communities that can affect important microbially mediated biogeochemical cycles: organic matter degradation and humification, nitrification, denitrification and methanogenesis. The main benefits of the use of biochar in Composting are reviewed in this article, with special attention to those related to the process performance, compost microbiology, organic matter degradation and humification, reduction of N losses and greenhouse gas emissions and fate of heavy metals.
Miren Martin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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co Composting of sewage sludge and eggplant waste at full scale feasibility study to valorize eggplant waste and minimize the odoriferous impact of sewage sludge
Journal of Environmental Management, 2019Co-Authors: M Toledo, P Marquez, J A Siles, A F Chica, Miren MartinAbstract:Abstract Sewage sludge and bulking agent with small proportions of eggplant waste (EP) (4.7 and 8.6%) were co-composted at full scale to evaluate the feasibility of their joint valorization and to reduce the odorous impact during Composting. In this sense, physico-chemical, respirometric and olfactometric variables were monitored throughout the co-Composting process. The physico-chemical variables studied were related to each other to evaluate their effect on the quality of the final product and the odoriferous impact. It was observed that the reduction in nitrogen concentration was not parallel to the removal of organic matter, which influenced the odor concentration emitted. Furthermore, during the hydrolytic stage of the co-Composting process, the odor concentration was lower when the agricultural waste content was highest (8.6% EP: 6317 and 8192 ou E /m 3 ) in comparison with the lowest concentration of EP (4.7% EP: 9214 and 14720 ou E /m 3 ) or without the addition of EP (reference Composting Pile: 10200 and 22500 ou E /m 3 ). Although sewage sludge is more biodegradable than eggplant waste, the co-Composting process was carried out under suitable conditions. Approximately 90 days were required to obtain a stabilized compost. Consequently, co-Composting might be a suitable alternative to valorize EP and reduce the odoriferous impact of sewage sludge, with the consequent economic, social and environmental benefits.
Miguel Angel Sanchezmonedero - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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relationships between emitted volatile organic compounds and their concentration in the Pile during municipal solid waste Composting
Waste Management, 2018Co-Authors: Miguel Angel Sanchezmonedero, A Fernandezhernandez, Fabio Satoshi Higashikawa, Maria Luz CayuelaAbstract:Abstract Composting operations taking place at municipal solid waste (MSW) treatment plants represent a source of volatile organic compounds (VOC) to the atmosphere. Understanding the variables governing the release of VOC at these facilities is crucial to assess potential health risks for site workers and local residents. In this work the changes in the VOC composition of a Composting Pile were monitored and compared to the VOC emmited from the same Pile in order to understand the impact of Composting operations on the release of VOC. More than one hundred VOC were indentified in the solid phase of the Composting Piles, which were dominated by terpenes (about 50% of the total amount of VOC) and in a lower quantity alcohols, volatile fatty acids and aromatic compounds. There was a reduction in the total concentration of VOC in the Pile during Composting, from 45 to 35 mg/kg, but the compostion and distribution of VOC families remained stable in the Pile even in the mature compost. However, there was no correlation between the emitted VOC and their concentration in the Composting Pile. The VOC emission pattern was affected by the biological activity in the Pile (measured by temperature, CO2 evolution and the presence of CH4 emissions). The highest VOC emissions were detected at early stages of the process, alongside with the generation of CH4 in the Pile, and then decreased sharply in the mature compost as a consequence of biodegradation and volatilisation. These results pointed to the importance of Composting operation rather than the composition of the raw materials on the release of VOC in Composting plants.
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role of biochar as an additive in organic waste Composting
Bioresource Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Miguel Angel Sanchezmonedero, Maria Luz Cayuela, A Roig, Keiji Jindo, Claudio Mondini, Nanthi BolanAbstract:The use of biochar in organic waste Composting has attracted interest in the last decade due to the environmental and agronomical benefits obtained during the process. Biochar presents favourable physicochemical properties, such as large porosity, surface area and high cation exchange capacity, enabling interaction with major nutrient cycles and favouring microbial growth in the Composting Pile. The enhanced environmental conditions can promote a change in the microbial communities that can affect important microbially mediated biogeochemical cycles: organic matter degradation and humification, nitrification, denitrification and methanogenesis. The main benefits of the use of biochar in Composting are reviewed in this article, with special attention to those related to the process performance, compost microbiology, organic matter degradation and humification, reduction of N losses and greenhouse gas emissions and fate of heavy metals.
Whendee L Silver - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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greenhouse gas emissions from windrow Composting of organic wastes patterns and emissions factors
Environmental Research Letters, 2019Co-Authors: Sintana E Vergara, Whendee L SilverAbstract:Direct emissions from commercial-scale Composting are uncertain. We used micrometeorological methods to continuously measure greenhouse gas (CO2, CH4, N2O) emissions from full Composting of green waste and manure. We measured oxygen (O2), moisture, and temperature continuously inside the Composting Pile, and analyzed chemical and physical characteristics of the feedstock weekly as potential drivers of emissions. Temperature, moisture, and O2 all varied significantly by week. Feedstock porosity, C:N, and potential N mineralization all declined significantly over time. Potential net nitrification remained near zero throughout. CH4 and CO2 fluxes, indicators of feedstock lability, were variable, and most emissions (75% and 50% respectively) occurred during the first three weeks of Composting. Total CH4 emitted was 1.7 0.32 g CH4 kg-1 feedstock, near the median literature value using different approaches (1.4 g CH4 kg-1). N2O concentrations remained below the instrument detection. Oxygen, moisture and temperature exhibited threshold effects on CH4 emissions. Net lifecycle emissions were negative (-690 g CO2-e kg-1), however, after considering avoided emissions and sinks. Managing Composting Piles to minimize methanogenesis – by maintaining sufficient O2 concentrations, and focusing on the first three weeks– could reduce emissions, contributing to the climate change mitigation benefit of Composting.
Yoshihito Shirai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of palm oil mill effluent pome anaerobic sludge from 500 m3 of closed anaerobic methane digested tank on pressed shredded empty fruit bunch efb Composting process
African Journal of Biotechnology, 2010Co-Authors: Azhari Samsu Baharuddin, Lim Siong Hock, Mohd Zulkhairi Md Yusof, Noraini Abdul Rahman, Umi Kalsom Md Shah, Mohd Ali Hassan, Minato Wakisaka, Kenji Sakai, Yoshihito ShiraiAbstract:In this study, co-Composting of pressed-shredded empty fruit bunches (EFB) and palm oil mill effluent (POME) anaerobic sludge from 500 m3 closed anaerobic methane digested tank was carried out. High nitrogen and nutrients content were observed in the POME anaerobic sludge. The sludge was subjected to the pressed-shredded EFB to accelerate the co-Composting treatment. In the present study, changes in the physicochemical characteristics of co-Composting process were recorded and evaluated. The coComposting treatment was completed in a short time within 40 days with a final C/N ratio of 12.4. The co-Composting process exhibited a higher temperature (60 - 67°C) in the thermophilic phase followed by curing phase after four weeks of treatment. Meanwhile, pH of the Composting Pile (8.1 - 8.6) was almost constant during the process and moisture content was reduced from 64.5% (initial treatment) to 52.0% (final matured compost). The use of pressed-shredded EFB as a main carbon source and bulking agent contributed to the optimum oxygen level in the Composting Piles (10 - 15%). The biodegradation of Composting materials is shown by the reduction of cellulose (34.0%) and hemicellulose (27.0%) content towards the end of treatment. In addition, considerable amount of nutrients and low level of heavy metals were detected in the final matured compost. It can be concluded that the addition of POME anaerobic sludge into the pressed-shredded EFB Composting process could produce acceptable and consistent quality of compost product in a short time.
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isolation and characterization of thermophilic cellulase producing bacteria from empty fruit bunches palm oil mill effluent compost
American Journal of Applied Sciences, 2010Co-Authors: Azhari Samsu Baharuddin, Lim Siong Hock, Noraini Abdul Rahman, Umi Kalsom Md Shah, Mohd Ali Hassan, Kenji Sakai, Mohamad Nafis Abd Razak, Mohd Najib Ahmad, Suraini Abdaziz, Yoshihito ShiraiAbstract:Problems statement: Lack of information on locally isolated cellulase-producing bacterium in thermophilic compost using a mixture of Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) and Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) as Composting materials. Approach: The isolation of microbes from compost heap was conducted at day 7 of Composting process where the mixture of Composting materials consisted of 45.8% cellulose, 17.1% hemicellulose and 28.3% lignin content. The temperature, pH and moisture content of the Composting Pile at day 7 treatment were 58.3, 8.1 and 65.5°C, respectively. The morphological analysis of the isolated microbes was conducted using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Gram stain method. The congo red test was conducted in order to detect 1% CMC agar degradation activities. Total genomic DNAs were extracted from approximately 1.0 g of mixed compost and amplified by using PCR primers. The PCR product was sequent to identify the nearest relatives of 16S rRNA genes. The localization of bacteria chromosomes was determined by Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) analysis. Results: Single isolated bacteria species was successfully isolated from Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB)-Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) compost at thermophilic stage. Restriction fragment length polymorphism profiles of the DNAs coding for the 16S rRNAs with the phylogenetic analysis showed that the isolated bacteria from EFB-POME thermophilic compost gave the highest homology (99%) with similarity to Geobacillus pallidus. The strain was spore forming bacteria and able to grow at 60°C with pH 7. Conclusion: Thermophilic bacteria strain, Geobacillus pallidus was successfully isolated from Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) and Palm Oil Mil Effluent (POME) compost and characterized.