The Experts below are selected from a list of 318 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Tanja Opriessnig - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Concurrent porcine circovirus type 2a pcv2a or pcv2b Infection increases the rate of amino acid mutations of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus prrsv during serial passages in pigs
Virus Research, 2013Co-Authors: Chaoting Xiao, Tanja Opriessnig, Nathan M Beach, Patrick G Halbur, Xiangjin Meng, Priscilla Freitas GerberAbstract:Abstract Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has a high degree of genetic and antigenic variability. The purpose of this study was to determine if porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) Infection increases genetic variability of PRRSV during serial passages in pigs and to determine if there is a difference in the PRRSV mutation rate between pigs Concurrently infected with PCV2a or PCV2b. After 8 consecutive passages of PRRSV alone (group 1), PRRSV with PCV2a (group 2), or PCV2b (group 3) in pigs, the sequences of PRRSV structural genes for open reading frame (ORF) 5, ORF6, ORF7 and the partial non-structural protein gene (Nsp) 2 were determined. The total number of identified amino acid mutations in ORF5, ORF6, ORF7 and Nsp2 sequences was 30 for PRRSV Infection only, 63 for PRRSV/PCV2a Concurrent Infection, and 77 for PRRSV/PCV2b Concurrent Infection when compared with the original VR2385 virus used to infect the passage 1 pigs. Compared to what occurred in pigs infected with PRRSV only, the mutation rates in ORF5 and ORF6 were significantly higher for Concurrent PRRSV/PCV2b infected pigs. The PRRSV/PCV2a pigs had a significantly higher mutation rate in ORF7. The results from this study indicated that, besides ORF5 and Nsp2, the PRRSV structural genes ORF6 and ORF7 were shown to mutate at various degrees when the PRRSV was passaged over time in vivo . Furthermore, a significantly higher mutation rate of PRRSV was observed when pigs were co-infected with PCV2 highlighting the importance of Concurrent Infections on PRRSV evolution and control.
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a live attenuated chimeric porcine circovirus type 2 pcv2 vaccine is transmitted to contact pigs but is not upregulated by Concurrent Infection with porcine parvovirus ppv and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus prrsv and is efficacio
Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 2011Co-Authors: Tanja Opriessnig, Huigang Shen, Sheela Ramamoorthy, Yaowei Huang, Kelly M Lager, Nathan M Beach, Patrick G Halbur, Xiangjin MengAbstract:The live chimeric porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccine with the capsid gene of the emerging subtype 2b cloned in the genomic backbone of the nonpathogenic PCV1 is attenuated in vivo and induces protective immunity against PCV2. To further determine the safety and efficacy of this experimental vaccine, we tested for evidence of pig-to-pig transmission by commingling nonvaccinated and vaccinated pigs, determined potential upregulation by simultaneous vaccination and Infection with porcine parvovirus (PPV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), and determined vaccine efficacy by challenging pigs 4 weeks after vaccination with PCV2b, PRRSV, and PPV. Forty-six 21-day-old, PCV2-naive pigs were randomly assigned to one of six groups. Twenty-nine of 46 pigs were challenged with PCV2b, PRRSV, and PPV at day 28, 8/46 remained nonvaccinated and nonchallenged and served as negative controls, and 9/46 remained nonchallenged and served as vaccination controls. All animals were necropsied at day 49. PCV1-PCV2 viremia was detected in nonvaccinated contact pigs commingled with vaccinated pigs, indicating pig-to-pig transmission; however, PCV1-PCV2 DNA levels remained low in all vaccinated and contact pigs regardless of Concurrent Infection. Finally, vaccination 28 days before challenge resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) decreased amounts of PCV2 in tissues and sera and significantly (P < 0.05) reduced macroscopic and microscopic lesions. The results of this study indicate that the experimental live-attenuated chimeric PCV2 vaccine, although transmissible to contact pigs, remains attenuated in pigs Concurrently infected with PRRSV and PPV and induces protective immunity against PCV2b when it is administered 28 days before PCV2 exposure.
Raja Ramachandran - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Polymicrobial meningitis in a renal transplant recipient – “cryptococcus neoformans and acinetobacter baumannii coInfection with elizabethkingia meningoseptica superInfection“
Indian Journal of Transplantation, 2020Co-Authors: K L Gupta, Vivek Sood, Shefali Gupta, Raja RamachandranAbstract:Although rare, polymicrobial meningitis has been infrequently reported in renal transplant recipients (RTRs). In this context, we describe a RTR on triple immunosuppression therapy, with stable graft function, who had presented with fever and altered sensorium of 2 days' duration. Evaluation revealed polymicrobial meningitis, which was initially attributed to Concurrent Infection by Cryptococcus neoformans and Acinetobacter baumannii and was later superinfected with Elizabethkingia meningoseptica. The overall prognosis in polymicrobial meningitis remains dismal, re-emphasizing the importance of early suspicion and prompt microbiological diagnosis for targeted antimicrobial therapy.
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polymicrobial meningitis in a renal transplant recipient cryptococcus neoformans and acinetobacter baumannii coInfection with elizabethkingia meningoseptica superInfection
Indian Journal of Transplantation, 2020Co-Authors: K L Gupta, Vivek Sood, Shefali Gupta, Raja RamachandranAbstract:Although rare, polymicrobial meningitis has been infrequently reported in renal transplant recipients (RTRs). In this context, we describe a RTR on triple immunosuppression therapy, with stable graft function, who had presented with fever and altered sensorium of 2 days' duration. Evaluation revealed polymicrobial meningitis, which was initially attributed to Concurrent Infection by Cryptococcus neoformans and Acinetobacter baumannii and was later superinfected with Elizabethkingia meningoseptica. The overall prognosis in polymicrobial meningitis remains dismal, re-emphasizing the importance of early suspicion and prompt microbiological diagnosis for targeted antimicrobial therapy.
Hiromu Mori - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Thin-section computed tomography findings of patients with acute Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia with and without Concurrent Infection
European Respiratory Journal, 2012Co-Authors: Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, Tomoko Nakayama, Haruka Sato, Ayaka Kira, Koichi Honda, Hiromu MoriAbstract:Objectives: To compare the pulmonary thin-section computed tomography (CT) findings of patients with acute Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia with and without Concurrent Infection. Methods: The study group comprised 86 patients with acute S. pneumoniae pneumonia, 36 patients with S. pneumoniae pneumonia combined with Haemophilus influenzae Infection, 26 patients with S. pneumoniae pneumonia combined with Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection, and 22 patients with S. pneumoniae pneumonia combined with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) Infection. We compared the thin-section CT findings among the groups. Results: Centrilobular nodules and bronchial wall thickening were also significantly more frequent in patients with pneumonia caused by Concurrent Infection (H. influenzae: p
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Thin-section CT findings of patients with acute Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia with and without Concurrent Infection
British Journal of Radiology, 2012Co-Authors: Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, S. Matsushita, R. Ishii, Tomoko Nakayama, Keiko Morikawa, T. Maeda, Hiromu MoriAbstract:Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the pulmonary thin-section CT findings of patients with acute Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia with and without Concurrent Infection. Methods: The study group comprised 86 patients with acute S. pneumoniae pneumonia, 36 patients with S. pneumoniae pneumonia combined with Haemophilus influenzae Infection, 26 patients with S. pneumoniae pneumonia combined with Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection and 22 patients with S. pneumoniae pneumonia combined with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) Infection. We compared the thin-section CT findings among the groups. Results: Centrilobular nodules and bronchial wall thickening were significantly more frequent in patients with pneumonia caused by Concurrent Infection (H. influenzae: p
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Thin-section CT findings of patients with acute Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia with and without Concurrent Infection.
The British journal of radiology, 2012Co-Authors: Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, S. Matsushita, R. Ishii, Tomoko Nakayama, Keiko Morikawa, T. Maeda, Hiromu MoriAbstract:The aim of this study was to compare the pulmonary thin-section CT findings of patients with acute Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia with and without Concurrent Infection. The study group comprised 86 patients with acute S. pneumoniae pneumonia, 36 patients with S. pneumoniae pneumonia combined with Haemophilus influenzae Infection, 26 patients with S. pneumoniae pneumonia combined with Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection and 22 patients with S. pneumoniae pneumonia combined with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) Infection. We compared the thin-section CT findings among the groups. Centrilobular nodules and bronchial wall thickening were significantly more frequent in patients with pneumonia caused by Concurrent Infection (H. influenzae: p<0.001 and p<0.001, P. aeruginosa: p<0.001 and p<0.001, MSSA: p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively) than in those infected with S. pneumoniae alone. Cavity and bilateral pleural effusions were significantly more frequent in cases of S. pneumoniae pneumonia with Concurrent P. aeruginosa Infection than in cases of S. pneumoniae pneumonia alone (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively) or with Concurrent H. influenzae (p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively) or MSSA Infection (p<0.05 and p<0.05, respectively). When a patient with S. pneumoniae pneumonia has centrilobular nodules, bronchial wall thickening, cavity or bilateral pleural effusions on CT images, Concurrent Infection should be considered.
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thin section ct findings of patients with acute streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia with and without Concurrent Infection
British Journal of Radiology, 2012Co-Authors: Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, S. Matsushita, R. Ishii, Tomoko Nakayama, Keiko Morikawa, T. Maeda, Hiromu MoriAbstract:Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the pulmonary thin-section CT findings of patients with acute Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia with and without Concurrent Infection. Methods: The study group comprised 86 patients with acute S. pneumoniae pneumonia, 36 patients with S. pneumoniae pneumonia combined with Haemophilus influenzae Infection, 26 patients with S. pneumoniae pneumonia combined with Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection and 22 patients with S. pneumoniae pneumonia combined with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) Infection. We compared the thin-section CT findings among the groups. Results: Centrilobular nodules and bronchial wall thickening were significantly more frequent in patients with pneumonia caused by Concurrent Infection (H. influenzae: p<0.001 and p<0.001, P. aeruginosa: p<0.001 and p<0.001, MSSA: p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively) than in those infected with S. pneumoniae alone. Cavity and bilateral pleural effusions were significantly more frequent in cas...
Xiangjin Meng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Concurrent porcine circovirus type 2a pcv2a or pcv2b Infection increases the rate of amino acid mutations of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus prrsv during serial passages in pigs
Virus Research, 2013Co-Authors: Chaoting Xiao, Tanja Opriessnig, Nathan M Beach, Patrick G Halbur, Xiangjin Meng, Priscilla Freitas GerberAbstract:Abstract Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has a high degree of genetic and antigenic variability. The purpose of this study was to determine if porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) Infection increases genetic variability of PRRSV during serial passages in pigs and to determine if there is a difference in the PRRSV mutation rate between pigs Concurrently infected with PCV2a or PCV2b. After 8 consecutive passages of PRRSV alone (group 1), PRRSV with PCV2a (group 2), or PCV2b (group 3) in pigs, the sequences of PRRSV structural genes for open reading frame (ORF) 5, ORF6, ORF7 and the partial non-structural protein gene (Nsp) 2 were determined. The total number of identified amino acid mutations in ORF5, ORF6, ORF7 and Nsp2 sequences was 30 for PRRSV Infection only, 63 for PRRSV/PCV2a Concurrent Infection, and 77 for PRRSV/PCV2b Concurrent Infection when compared with the original VR2385 virus used to infect the passage 1 pigs. Compared to what occurred in pigs infected with PRRSV only, the mutation rates in ORF5 and ORF6 were significantly higher for Concurrent PRRSV/PCV2b infected pigs. The PRRSV/PCV2a pigs had a significantly higher mutation rate in ORF7. The results from this study indicated that, besides ORF5 and Nsp2, the PRRSV structural genes ORF6 and ORF7 were shown to mutate at various degrees when the PRRSV was passaged over time in vivo . Furthermore, a significantly higher mutation rate of PRRSV was observed when pigs were co-infected with PCV2 highlighting the importance of Concurrent Infections on PRRSV evolution and control.
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a live attenuated chimeric porcine circovirus type 2 pcv2 vaccine is transmitted to contact pigs but is not upregulated by Concurrent Infection with porcine parvovirus ppv and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus prrsv and is efficacio
Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 2011Co-Authors: Tanja Opriessnig, Huigang Shen, Sheela Ramamoorthy, Yaowei Huang, Kelly M Lager, Nathan M Beach, Patrick G Halbur, Xiangjin MengAbstract:The live chimeric porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccine with the capsid gene of the emerging subtype 2b cloned in the genomic backbone of the nonpathogenic PCV1 is attenuated in vivo and induces protective immunity against PCV2. To further determine the safety and efficacy of this experimental vaccine, we tested for evidence of pig-to-pig transmission by commingling nonvaccinated and vaccinated pigs, determined potential upregulation by simultaneous vaccination and Infection with porcine parvovirus (PPV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), and determined vaccine efficacy by challenging pigs 4 weeks after vaccination with PCV2b, PRRSV, and PPV. Forty-six 21-day-old, PCV2-naive pigs were randomly assigned to one of six groups. Twenty-nine of 46 pigs were challenged with PCV2b, PRRSV, and PPV at day 28, 8/46 remained nonvaccinated and nonchallenged and served as negative controls, and 9/46 remained nonchallenged and served as vaccination controls. All animals were necropsied at day 49. PCV1-PCV2 viremia was detected in nonvaccinated contact pigs commingled with vaccinated pigs, indicating pig-to-pig transmission; however, PCV1-PCV2 DNA levels remained low in all vaccinated and contact pigs regardless of Concurrent Infection. Finally, vaccination 28 days before challenge resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) decreased amounts of PCV2 in tissues and sera and significantly (P < 0.05) reduced macroscopic and microscopic lesions. The results of this study indicate that the experimental live-attenuated chimeric PCV2 vaccine, although transmissible to contact pigs, remains attenuated in pigs Concurrently infected with PRRSV and PPV and induces protective immunity against PCV2b when it is administered 28 days before PCV2 exposure.
K L Gupta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Polymicrobial meningitis in a renal transplant recipient – “cryptococcus neoformans and acinetobacter baumannii coInfection with elizabethkingia meningoseptica superInfection“
Indian Journal of Transplantation, 2020Co-Authors: K L Gupta, Vivek Sood, Shefali Gupta, Raja RamachandranAbstract:Although rare, polymicrobial meningitis has been infrequently reported in renal transplant recipients (RTRs). In this context, we describe a RTR on triple immunosuppression therapy, with stable graft function, who had presented with fever and altered sensorium of 2 days' duration. Evaluation revealed polymicrobial meningitis, which was initially attributed to Concurrent Infection by Cryptococcus neoformans and Acinetobacter baumannii and was later superinfected with Elizabethkingia meningoseptica. The overall prognosis in polymicrobial meningitis remains dismal, re-emphasizing the importance of early suspicion and prompt microbiological diagnosis for targeted antimicrobial therapy.
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polymicrobial meningitis in a renal transplant recipient cryptococcus neoformans and acinetobacter baumannii coInfection with elizabethkingia meningoseptica superInfection
Indian Journal of Transplantation, 2020Co-Authors: K L Gupta, Vivek Sood, Shefali Gupta, Raja RamachandranAbstract:Although rare, polymicrobial meningitis has been infrequently reported in renal transplant recipients (RTRs). In this context, we describe a RTR on triple immunosuppression therapy, with stable graft function, who had presented with fever and altered sensorium of 2 days' duration. Evaluation revealed polymicrobial meningitis, which was initially attributed to Concurrent Infection by Cryptococcus neoformans and Acinetobacter baumannii and was later superinfected with Elizabethkingia meningoseptica. The overall prognosis in polymicrobial meningitis remains dismal, re-emphasizing the importance of early suspicion and prompt microbiological diagnosis for targeted antimicrobial therapy.