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Christine Bourgeois - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Animal Models of Contact Dermatitis
    Contact Dermatitis, 2011
    Co-Authors: Federico Simonetta, Christine Bourgeois
    Abstract:

    Contact Dermatitis is an inflammatory disease of the skin resulting from direct Contact with foreign substances. Understanding the immunological processes that cause the disease is therefore essential for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Murine models of chemically induced Dermatitis have played an essential role in our understanding of the pathophysiology of Contact Dermatitis, unraveling the role played by inflammatory mediators and identifying potential targets for therapeutic interventions. In the present chapter we review data obtained in animal models of allergic and irritant Contact Dermatitis and provide basic protocols to reliably induce Contact Dermatitis. A major intent of this chapter is to highlight the respective role of innate and adaptive immune cells in Contact Dermatitis pathogenesis as revealed by murine studies. Through genetic ablation of single molecules or depletion of specific cell subsets, murine studies provide novel insight on the role of different components of the immune system in the development of Contact Dermatitis. We review the experimental evidence revealing the role of different T cell subsets in Contact Dermatitis development, focusing our attention on mechanisms responsible for maintenance or disruption of immune-tolerance. Our analyses will focus on molecular pathways which are promising candidates as targets of future biological therapies.

Denis Sasseville - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Occupational Contact Dermatitis
    Allergy Asthma & Clinical Immunology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Denis Sasseville
    Abstract:

    Occupational Contact Dermatitis accounts for 90% of all cases of work-related cutaneous disorders. It can be divided into irritant Contact Dermatitis, which occurs in 80% of cases, and allergic Contact Dermatitis. In most cases, both types will present as eczematous lesions on exposed parts of the body, notably the hands. Accurate diagnosis relies on meticulous history taking, thorough physical examination, careful reading of Material Safety Data Sheets to distinguish between irritants and allergens, and comprehensive patch testing to confirm or rule out allergic sensitization. This article reviews the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of occupational Contact Dermatitis and provides diagnostic guidelines and a rational approach to management of these often frustrating cases.

Marcela Riojas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Diagnosis and management of Contact Dermatitis.
    American family physician, 2010
    Co-Authors: Richard P. Usatine, Marcela Riojas
    Abstract:

    Contact Dermatitis is a common inflammatory skin condition characterized by erythematous and pruritic skin lesions that occur after Contact with a foreign substance. There are two forms of Contact Dermatitis: irritant and allergic. Irritant Contact Dermatitis is caused by the non-immune-modulated irritation of the skin by a substance, leading to skin changes. Allergic Contact Dermatitis is a delayed hypersensitivity reaction in which a foreign substance comes into Contact with the skin; skin changes occur after reexposure to the substance. The most common substances that cause Contact Dermatitis include poison ivy, nickel, and fragrances. Contact Dermatitis usually leads to erythema and scaling with visible borders. Itching and discomfort may also occur. Acute cases may involve a dramatic flare with erythema, vesicles, and bullae; chronic cases may involve lichen with cracks and fissures. When a possible causative substance is known, the first step in confirming the diagnosis is determining whether the problem resolves with avoidance of the substance. Localized acute allergic Contact Dermatitis lesions are successfully treated with mid- or high-potency topical steroids, such as triamcinolone 0.1% or clobetasol 0.05%. If allergic Contact Dermatitis involves an extensive area of skin (greater than 20 percent), systemic steroid therapy is often required and offers relief within 12 to 24 hours. In patients with severe rhus Dermatitis, oral prednisone should be tapered over two to three weeks because rapid discontinuation of steroids can cause rebound Dermatitis. If treatment fails and the diagnosis or specific allergen remains unknown, patch testing should be performed.

Glen H Crawford - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Allergic Contact Dermatitis in children.
    Current opinion in pediatrics, 2006
    Co-Authors: Giuseppe Militello, Sharon E. Jacob, Glen H Crawford
    Abstract:

    Purpose of reviewThe following paper reviews the recent literature pertaining to allergic Contact Dermatitis in the pediatric population.Recent findingsAllergic Contact Dermatitis may affect as many as 20% of the pediatric population. Recent studies implicate the following chemicals as the most comm

Giulia Tadiotto Cicogna - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.