The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Teresa Oteiza - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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agency responsibility and silence in the construction of Contemporary History in chile and spain
Discourse & Society, 2008Co-Authors: Teresa Oteiza, Derrin PintoAbstract:This article focuses on how the dictatorships and subsequent transitions to democracy are portrayed in recent History textbooks used in secondary schools in Chile and Spain. These periods are considered crucial because they have dramatically impacted the social and political landscape and have shaped the course of historical events at the beginning of the twenty-first century. The textbooks adapted are particularly revealing since they reflect the official version of History that is being passed on to a new generation. We have chosen four textbooks as our corpus, two from Chile and two from Spain. As our analytical framework we use analyses of Transitivity and Appraisal (systemic functional linguistics) to determine how participants and processes are represented and evaluated in the texts. The way authors silence some social actors while giving prominence to others is a strategy for constructing causality and historical explanations in textbooks.
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how Contemporary History is presented in chilean middle school textbooks
Discourse & Society, 2003Co-Authors: Teresa OteizaAbstract:This article provides a textual analysis of the pedagogical discourse of History textbooks used in the education of Chilean students. In particular, I focus on how the impact of Salvador Allende's socialist government (1970-1973) and the military coup that led to the Augusto Pinochet's dictatorship (1973-1990) are constructed by and displayed in these texts. As a method of analysis, I apply the Systemic Functional Grammar theory to History textbooks used in the sixth and eighth grades. Two of the metafunctions proposed by Halliday - textual and interpersonal - are particularly relevant when combined with an appraisal analysis fundamentally based on the work of Martin because they provide a useful tool for interpreting and explaining the text from an ideological standpoint. The analysis reveals that the textbooks' authors strive to sound objective, but instead offer a large number of explicit and implicit judgements throughout the text. They purport to present two antithetical political positions - that of...
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how Contemporary History is presented in chilean middle school textbooks
Discourse & Society, 2003Co-Authors: Teresa OteizaAbstract:This article provides a textual analysis of the pedagogical discourse of History textbooks used in the education of Chilean students. In particular, I focus on how the impact of Salvador Allende's ...
Virginia Berridge - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a first pass using pre History and Contemporary History at understanding why australia and england have such different policies towards electronic nicotine delivery systems 1970s c 2018
Addiction, 2021Co-Authors: Virginia Berridge, Wayne Hall, Suzanne Taylor, Coral Gartner, Kylie MorphettAbstract:The United Kingdom and Australia have developed highly divergent policy responses to electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). To understand the historical origins of these differences, we describe the History of tobacco control in each country and the key roles played in setting ENDS policy in its early stages by public health regulations and policy networks, anti-smoking organizations, 'vaper' activist networks and advocates of harm reduction policies towards injecting drug use. We analysed key government reports, policy statements from public health bodies and non-government organizations (e.g. cancer councils and medical organizations) on ENDS; submissions to an Australian parliamentary inquiry; media coverage of policy debates in medical journals; and the History of tobacco control policy in Australia and England. Key discourses about ENDS were identified for each country. These were compared across countries during a multi-day face-to-face meeting, where consensus was reached on the key commonalities and divergences in historical approaches to nicotine policy. This paper focuses on England, as different policy responses were apparent in constituent countries of the United Kingdom, and Scotland in particular. Policymakers in Australia and England differ markedly in the priority that they have given to using ENDS to promote smoking cessation or restricting smokers' access to prevent uptake among young people. In understanding the origins of these divergent responses, we identified the following key differences between the two countries' approaches to nicotine regulation: an influential scientific network that favoured nicotine harm reduction in the United Kingdom and the absence of such a network in Australia; the success of different types of health activism both in England and in Europe in opposing more restrictive policies; and the greater influence on policy in England of the field of illicit drug harm reduction. An understanding of the different policy responses to electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) in England and Australia requires an appreciation of how actors within the different policy structures, scientific networks and activist organizations in each country and region have interpreted the evidence and the priority that policymakers have given to the competing goals of preventing adolescent uptake and encouraging smokers to use ENDS to quit smoking.
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binge drinking a confused concept and its Contemporary History
Social History of Medicine, 2009Co-Authors: Virginia Berridge, Rachel Herring, Betsy ThomAbstract:Binge drinking is a matter of current social, political and media concern. It has a long-term, but also a recent, History. This paper discusses the Contemporary History of the concept of binge drinking. In recent years there have been significant changes in how binge drinking is defined and conceptualised. Going on a ‘binge’ used to mean an extended period (days) of heavy drinking, while now it generally refers to a single drinking session leading to intoxication. We argue that the definitional change is related to the shifts in the focus of alcohol policy and alcohol science, in particular in the last two decades, and also in the role of the dominant interest groups. The paper is a case study in the relationship between science and policy. We explore key themes, raise questions and point to a possible agenda for future research.
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binge drinking an exploration of a confused concept
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 2008Co-Authors: Rachel Herring, Virginia Berridge, Betsy ThomAbstract:Binge drinking is a matter of current social, media and political concern, and the focus of much policy activity in the UK. Binge drinking is associated with causing a wide range of harm to individuals (e.g. accidents), and the wider community (e.g. crime and disorder). Within the current discourse, binge drinking is seen primarily as a youth issue. Binge drinking is sometimes portrayed as a recent phenomenon, but we know from History that heavy drinking has been endemic in British society over many centuries. Using a Contemporary History perspective, this paper explores the concept of binge drinking. It considers the definitions in use, recent shifts in meaning and also the way in which different definitions of binge drinking impact on perceptions of the extent and nature of binge drinking. The paper concludes with some thoughts and questions about the usefulness of the concept of binge drinking as it currently used, and areas for further research.
Madeira, João Paulo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Desafios de segurança para os pequenos Estados insulares em desenvolvimento: o caso de Cabo Verde
Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, 2020Co-Authors: Madeira, João PauloAbstract:This article is an exploratory, descriptive study, with a qualitative and interdisciplinary approach. It integrates concepts and perspectives of Contemporary History, international relations, and security studies. Its main aim is to analyse security issues in Africa, taking as a reference the Cape Verde archipelago, which is part of the group of Small Island Developing States. This matter suggests a wider multidimensional approach that prioritizes the intersection of data obtained from a critical analysis in order to deepen regional cooperation and integration mechanisms. This can provide the Cape Verdean state with strategic options to prevent and mitigate potential security threats.El presente artículo es un estudio exploratorio-descriptivo de enfoque cualitativo e interdisciplinario, que integra conceptos y perspectivas de la historia contemporánea, las relaciones internacionales y los estudios de seguridad. Tiene como objetivo principal analizar los problemas de seguridad en África, tomando como referencia el archipiélago de Cabo Verde, que forma parte del grupo de pequeños Estados insulares en desarrollo. Este tema sugiere un enfoque multidimensional más amplio que priorice el cruce de los datos obtenidos a partir de un análisis crítico con el fin de profundizar los mecanismos de cooperación e integración regional, lo que puede brindar opciones estratégicas al Estado de Cabo Verde para prevenir y mitigar amenazas potenciales de seguridad.Este artigo é um estudo exploratório-descritivo de abordagem qualitativa e interdisciplinar, que integra conceitos e perspectivas da história contemporânea, das relações internacionais e dos estudos de segurança. Tem como objetivo principal analisar os problemas de segurança na África, tomando como referência o arquipélago de Cabo Verde, que faz parte do grupo de pequenos Estados insulares em desenvolvimento. Esse tema sugere uma abordagem multidimensional mais ampla que priorize o cruzamento dos dados obtidos a partir de uma análise crítica a fim de aprofundar os mecanismos de cooperação e integração regional, o que pode oferecer opções estratégicas ao Estado de Cabo Verde para prevenir e mitigar ameaças potenciais de segurança
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Desafios de segurança para os pequenos Estados insulares em desenvolvimento: o caso de Cabo Verde
'Universidad Militar Nueva Granada', 2020Co-Authors: Madeira, João PauloAbstract:This article is an exploratory, descriptive study, with a qualitative and interdisciplinary approach. It integrates concepts and perspectives of Contemporary History, international relations, and security studies. Its main aim is to analyse security issues in Africa, taking as a reference the Cape Verde archipelago, which is part of the group of Small Island Developing States. This matter suggests a wider multidimensional approach that prioritizes the intersection of data obtained from a critical analysis in order to deepen regional cooperation and integration mechanisms. This can provide the Cape Verdean state with strategic options to prevent and mitigate potential security threats.El presente artículo es el resultado de un estudio exploratorio-descriptivo de enfoque cualitativo. Sigue un enfoque interdisciplinario que integra conceptos y perspectiva de la historia contemporánea, relaciones internacionales y estudios de seguridad. Tiene como principal objetivo analizar la problemática de la seguridad en África, teniendo como referencia el archipiélago de Cabo Verde que integra el grupo de los Pequeños Estados Insulares en Desarrollo. Esta problemática sugiere un enfoque multidimensional más amplio que priorice el cruce de los datos obtenidos a partir del análisis crítico en el sentido de contribuir a una mayor profundización de los mecanismos de cooperación e integración regional que puedan constituir opciones estratégicas para el Estado de Cabo Verde en la prevención y mitigación de las amenazas potenciales.Este artigo é um estudo exploratório-descritivo de abordagem qualitativa e interdisciplinar, que integra conceitos e perspectivas da história contemporânea, das relações internacionais e dos estudos de segurança. Tem como objetivo principal analisar os problemas de segurança na África, tomando como referência o arquipélago de Cabo Verde, que faz parte do grupo de pequenos Estados insulares em desenvolvimento. Esse tema sugere uma abordagem multidimensional mais ampla que priorize o cruzamento dos dados obtidos a partir de uma análise crítica a fim de aprofundar os mecanismos de cooperação e integração regional, o que pode oferecer opções estratégicas ao Estado de Cabo Verde para prevenir e mitigar ameaças potenciais de segurança
Betsy Thom - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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binge drinking a confused concept and its Contemporary History
Social History of Medicine, 2009Co-Authors: Virginia Berridge, Rachel Herring, Betsy ThomAbstract:Binge drinking is a matter of current social, political and media concern. It has a long-term, but also a recent, History. This paper discusses the Contemporary History of the concept of binge drinking. In recent years there have been significant changes in how binge drinking is defined and conceptualised. Going on a ‘binge’ used to mean an extended period (days) of heavy drinking, while now it generally refers to a single drinking session leading to intoxication. We argue that the definitional change is related to the shifts in the focus of alcohol policy and alcohol science, in particular in the last two decades, and also in the role of the dominant interest groups. The paper is a case study in the relationship between science and policy. We explore key themes, raise questions and point to a possible agenda for future research.
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binge drinking an exploration of a confused concept
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 2008Co-Authors: Rachel Herring, Virginia Berridge, Betsy ThomAbstract:Binge drinking is a matter of current social, media and political concern, and the focus of much policy activity in the UK. Binge drinking is associated with causing a wide range of harm to individuals (e.g. accidents), and the wider community (e.g. crime and disorder). Within the current discourse, binge drinking is seen primarily as a youth issue. Binge drinking is sometimes portrayed as a recent phenomenon, but we know from History that heavy drinking has been endemic in British society over many centuries. Using a Contemporary History perspective, this paper explores the concept of binge drinking. It considers the definitions in use, recent shifts in meaning and also the way in which different definitions of binge drinking impact on perceptions of the extent and nature of binge drinking. The paper concludes with some thoughts and questions about the usefulness of the concept of binge drinking as it currently used, and areas for further research.
Rachel Herring - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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binge drinking a confused concept and its Contemporary History
Social History of Medicine, 2009Co-Authors: Virginia Berridge, Rachel Herring, Betsy ThomAbstract:Binge drinking is a matter of current social, political and media concern. It has a long-term, but also a recent, History. This paper discusses the Contemporary History of the concept of binge drinking. In recent years there have been significant changes in how binge drinking is defined and conceptualised. Going on a ‘binge’ used to mean an extended period (days) of heavy drinking, while now it generally refers to a single drinking session leading to intoxication. We argue that the definitional change is related to the shifts in the focus of alcohol policy and alcohol science, in particular in the last two decades, and also in the role of the dominant interest groups. The paper is a case study in the relationship between science and policy. We explore key themes, raise questions and point to a possible agenda for future research.
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binge drinking an exploration of a confused concept
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 2008Co-Authors: Rachel Herring, Virginia Berridge, Betsy ThomAbstract:Binge drinking is a matter of current social, media and political concern, and the focus of much policy activity in the UK. Binge drinking is associated with causing a wide range of harm to individuals (e.g. accidents), and the wider community (e.g. crime and disorder). Within the current discourse, binge drinking is seen primarily as a youth issue. Binge drinking is sometimes portrayed as a recent phenomenon, but we know from History that heavy drinking has been endemic in British society over many centuries. Using a Contemporary History perspective, this paper explores the concept of binge drinking. It considers the definitions in use, recent shifts in meaning and also the way in which different definitions of binge drinking impact on perceptions of the extent and nature of binge drinking. The paper concludes with some thoughts and questions about the usefulness of the concept of binge drinking as it currently used, and areas for further research.