The Experts below are selected from a list of 141 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Khalil N Bitar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • v aging and gastrointestinal smooth muscle from signal transduction to Contractile Proteins
    American Journal of Physiology-gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, 2003
    Co-Authors: Khalil N Bitar
    Abstract:

    The object of this theme is to offer new perspectives on the effect of aging on signal-transduction pathways associated with agonist-induced contraction of smooth muscle cells from the colon. Smooth muscle cells from old rats (32 mo old) exhibit limited cell length distribution and diminished contractility. The observed reduced Contractile response may be due to the effect of aging on signal-transduction pathways, especially an inhibition of the tyrosine kinase-Src kinase pathway, a reduced activation of the PKC pathway, and a reduced association of Contractile Proteins [heat shock protein 27 (HSP27)-tropomyosin, HSP27-actin, actin-myosin]. Levels of HSP27 phosphorylation are also reduced compared with adult rats.

Takashi Kurita - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • bladder smooth muscle cell phenotypic changes and implication of expression of Contractile Proteins especially caldesmon in rats after partial outlet obstruction
    International Journal of Urology, 2003
    Co-Authors: Seiji Matsumoto, Tadashi Hanai, Norio Ohnishi, Kazuhiko Yamamoto, Takashi Kurita
    Abstract:

    Background: The purpose of the present study was to investigate morphological changes in bladder smooth muscle of rats with partial outlet obstruction. We investigated smooth muscle cell phenotypic changes and implication of synthetic phenotype in contractility decrease and bladder compliance after bladder outlet obstruction. Methods: Partial bladder outlet obstruction was introduced in female rats. Bladder were removed at 1, 3, 6, 10 and 20 weeks after the obstruction. Temporal pattern of changes in bladder mass, light microscopic pathogenesis and phenotypic expression of the bladder smooth muscle cells in the electron micrographs were investigated. Expression of Contractile protein was also investigated by the immunoblotting method. Results: Marked increase in bladder mass with marked thickening of smooth muscle layer was observed at 1 week after obstruction. The ratio of myocytes exhibiting Contractile and synthetic phenotypes was almost constant until 6 weeks after the obstruction, but thereafter, synthetic phenotypes gradually increased and the ratio (synthetic/Contractile phenotype) was 1.5-fold at 20 weeks after the obstruction. Caldesmon was most markedly expressed after the obstruction among Contractile Proteins examined by the immunoblotting method. Conclusion: Phenotypic changes were confirmed in bladder smooth muscle, and the decrease of the ratio of Contractile phenotype was observed after long-term obstruction of the bladder outlet. Among the Contractile Proteins in the bladder smooth muscle cell, caldesmon was considered a reliable marker for predicting the pathogenetic conditions of the bladder.

Maria A T Bortolini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • expression of genes encoding smooth muscle Contractile Proteins in vaginal tissue of women with and without pelvic organ prolapse
    Neurourology and Urodynamics, 2012
    Co-Authors: Maria A T Bortolini, Oksana Shynlova, Harold P Drutz, Rodrigo Aquino Castro, Manoel Joao Batista Castello Girao, Stephen J Lye, May Alarab
    Abstract:

    Aims We hypothesize that the expression of genes encoding vaginal smooth muscle (SM) Contractile Proteins is altered in patients with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and is influenced by age and menopausal status. We aim to analyze the expression of SM-myosin heavy chain (MHY11), caldesmon (CALD1), SM gamma-actin (ACTG2), and tropomyosin (TPM1), in premenopausal and postmenopausal women with advanced POP and asymptomatic controls. Methods During total hysterectomy we collected anterior vaginal wall biopsy samples from 55 women, 37 premenopausal (23 patients and 14 controls), and 18 postmenopausal women (13 patients and 5 controls). Total mRNA from the tissues was quantified by real-time RT-PCR. Results MHY11 gene expression was down-regulated in premenopausal POP patients compared to premenopausal controls (fivefold, P = 0.002). In the postmenopausal groups, we observed a sixfold increase in the CALD1 gene expression in POP patients compared to asymptomatic controls (P = 0.03). The gene expression of CALD1, ACTG2, and TPM1 was significantly down-regulated in vaginal tissue of healthy women after menopause (P < 0.05). Conclusion Dysregulation of the vaginal SM content in POP patients involves alteration of different cellular pathways according to age and menopausal status. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:109–114, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Jennifer C Condon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • progesterone regulated caspase 3 action in the mouse may play a role in uterine quiescence during pregnancy through fragmentation of uterine myocyte Contractile Proteins
    Biology of Reproduction, 2009
    Co-Authors: Pancharatnam Jeyasuria, Jaime Wetzel, Megan Bradley, Kalpana Subedi, Jennifer C Condon
    Abstract:

    The appropriate timing of the onset of labor is critical to a successful pregnancy, with potentially devastating consequences resulting to both the mother and child with the onset of preterm labor. In this study, we tested the central hypothesis that progesterone maintains uterine quiescence through regulation of active uterine caspase 3. Using the mouse as our model system, we examined, by Western blot analysis, levels of active caspase 3 and its association with the degradation of uterine Contractile Proteins during pregnancy. Our data demonstrate that caspase 3-specific cleavage fragments of uterine myocyte Contractile Proteins are elevated in late gestation. Prior to the onset of labor, active caspase 3 levels and fragmentation of the uterine myocyte Contractile Proteins decline. We postulate that uterine caspase 3 acts as an antiContractile agent maintaining uterine quiescence through degradation of uterine Contractile Proteins during late pregnancy. We propose that decreased progesterone action during the final days of pregnancy controls the timing of the onset of uterine contractions by removing the antiContractile action of the apoptotic protein caspase 3 locally in the pregnant myometrium.

A. Gorecka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Comprehensive Physiology - Biochemistry of the Contractile Proteins of Smooth Muscle
    Comprehensive Physiology, 2011
    Co-Authors: D. J. Hartshorne, A. Gorecka
    Abstract:

    The sections in this article are: 1 Background on Contractile Mechanism 1.1 Aspects of Striated Muscle Biochemistry 2 Comparison of Striated and Smooth Muscle Biochemistry 3 Content of Contractile Proteins in Smooth Muscle 4 Actin 5 Tropomyosin 6 Myosin 6.1 Isolation 6.2 Physical Properties and Subunit Composition 6.3 Myosin Fragments 6.4 ATPase Activity 6.5 Ca2+ Binding 6.6 Thick Filament Formation 6.7 Immunochemical Properties 7 Actomyosin 7.1 ATPase Activities 8 Regulation 8.1 Phosphorylation of Myosin 8.2 Phosphatase Activity 8.3 Phosphorylation and the Regulatory Mechanism 8.4 Other Mechanisms 8.5 Role of Tropomyosin in the Regulatory Mechanism 8.6 Summary of the Regulatory Mechanism 8.7 Correlation of Actomyosin ATPase Activity With In Vivo Functioning 9 Other Protein Components 9.1 α-Actinin 9.2 130,000 Component 9.3 100-A Filament Protein

  • biochemistry of the Contractile Proteins of smooth muscle
    Comprehensive Physiology, 2011
    Co-Authors: D. J. Hartshorne, A. Gorecka
    Abstract:

    The sections in this article are: 1 Background on Contractile Mechanism 1.1 Aspects of Striated Muscle Biochemistry 2 Comparison of Striated and Smooth Muscle Biochemistry 3 Content of Contractile Proteins in Smooth Muscle 4 Actin 5 Tropomyosin 6 Myosin 6.1 Isolation 6.2 Physical Properties and Subunit Composition 6.3 Myosin Fragments 6.4 ATPase Activity 6.5 Ca2+ Binding 6.6 Thick Filament Formation 6.7 Immunochemical Properties 7 Actomyosin 7.1 ATPase Activities 8 Regulation 8.1 Phosphorylation of Myosin 8.2 Phosphatase Activity 8.3 Phosphorylation and the Regulatory Mechanism 8.4 Other Mechanisms 8.5 Role of Tropomyosin in the Regulatory Mechanism 8.6 Summary of the Regulatory Mechanism 8.7 Correlation of Actomyosin ATPase Activity With In Vivo Functioning 9 Other Protein Components 9.1 α-Actinin 9.2 130,000 Component 9.3 100-A Filament Protein