The Experts below are selected from a list of 9969 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Rajeev K Varshney - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Crop Genetics research in asia improving food security and nutrition
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2020Co-Authors: Qifa Zhang, Rajeev K Varshney, Xianchun Xia, Takao Komatsuda, Kai ShiAbstract:Breakthroughs in genomics research in recent decades have fundamentally changed the landscape of Crop science at a number of fronts: (1) High-quality reference genome sequences have become available for most of the Crops which have provided the foundation for understanding the genome and for functional genomic studies. (2) Large numbers of genes have been identified and functionally characterized for many important agronomic traits, which have greatly enhanced the understanding of the regulatory mechanisms and the underlying biological processes for the making of the traits. (3) Large-scale resequencing of the diverse germplasms and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have provided assessment about the extent of genome diversity, the genetic architecture, and association between the phenotype and DNA sequence polymorphisms in many Crop species. (4) Systems of breeding technologies based on the advance in genomic studies, or genomic breeding, have now been developed including novel goals in response to the evolving demands of the consumers, upgraded definitions of traits to be improved, techniques for whole genome selection, and varietal designs for the implementation.
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next generation sequencing technologies and their implications for Crop Genetics and breeding
Trends in Biotechnology, 2009Co-Authors: Rajeev K Varshney, Spurthi N Nayak, Gregory D May, Scott A JacksonAbstract:Using next-generation sequencing technologies it is possible to resequence entire plant genomes or sample entire transcriptomes more efficiently and economically and in greater depth than ever before. Rather than sequencing individual genomes, we envision the sequencing of hundreds or even thousands of related genomes to sample genetic diversity within and between germplasm pools. Identification and tracking of genetic variation are now so efficient and precise that thousands of variants can be tracked within large populations. In this review, we outline some important areas such as the large-scale development of molecular markers for linkage mapping, association mapping, wide crosses and alien introgression, epigenetic modifications, transcript profiling, population Genetics and de novo genome/organellar genome assembly for which these technologies are expected to advance Crop Genetics and breeding, leading to Crop improvement.
Scott A Jackson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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next generation sequencing technologies and their implications for Crop Genetics and breeding
Trends in Biotechnology, 2009Co-Authors: Rajeev K Varshney, Spurthi N Nayak, Gregory D May, Scott A JacksonAbstract:Using next-generation sequencing technologies it is possible to resequence entire plant genomes or sample entire transcriptomes more efficiently and economically and in greater depth than ever before. Rather than sequencing individual genomes, we envision the sequencing of hundreds or even thousands of related genomes to sample genetic diversity within and between germplasm pools. Identification and tracking of genetic variation are now so efficient and precise that thousands of variants can be tracked within large populations. In this review, we outline some important areas such as the large-scale development of molecular markers for linkage mapping, association mapping, wide crosses and alien introgression, epigenetic modifications, transcript profiling, population Genetics and de novo genome/organellar genome assembly for which these technologies are expected to advance Crop Genetics and breeding, leading to Crop improvement.
A. Bombarely - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Whole-Genome Resequencing of Seven Eggplant (Solanum melongena) and One Wild Relative (S. incanum) Accessions Provides New Insights and Breeding Tools for Eggplant Enhancement
'Frontiers Media SA', 2019Co-Authors: P. Gramazio, H. Yan, T. Hasing, S. Vilanova, J. Prohens, A. BombarelyAbstract:Whole-genome resequencing provides information of great relevance for Crop Genetics, evolution, and breeding. Here, we present the first whole-genome resequencing study using seven eggplant (Solanum melongena) and one wild relative (Solanum incanum) accessions. These eight accessions were selected for displaying a high phenotypic and genetic diversity and for being the founder parents of an eggplant multiparent advanced generation intercrosses population. By resequencing at an average depth of 19.8 7 and comparing to the high-quality reference genome \u201c67/3\u201d over 10 million high-reliable polymorphisms were discovered, of which over 9 million (84.5%) were single nucleotide polymorphisms and more than 700,000 (6.5%) InDels. However, while for the S. melongena accessions, the variants identified ranged from 0.8 to 1.3 million, over 9 million were detected for the wild S. incanum. This confirms the narrow genetic diversity of the domesticated eggplant and suggests that introgression breeding using wild relatives can efficiently contribute to broadening the genetic basis of this Crop. Differences were observed among accessions for the enrichment in genes regulating important biological processes. By analyzing the distribution of the variants, we identified the potential footprints of old introgressions from wild relatives that can help to unravel the unclear domestication and breeding history. The comprehensive annotation of these eight genomes and the information provided in this study represents a landmark in eggplant genomics and allows the development of tools for eggplant Genetics and breeding
Bombarely Aureliano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Whole-Genome Resequencing of Seven Eggplant (Solanum melongena) and One Wild Relative (S. incanum) Accessions Provides New Insights and Breeding Tools for Eggplant Enhancement
'Frontiers Media SA', 2019Co-Authors: Gramazio Pietro, Yan Haidong, Hasing Tomas, Vilanova Navarro Santiago, Prohens Tomás Jaime, Bombarely AurelianoAbstract:[EN] Whole-genome resequencing provides information of great relevance for Crop Genetics, evolution, and breeding. Here, we present the first whole-genome resequencing study using seven eggplant (Solanum melongena) and one wild relative (Solanum incanum) accessions. These eight accessions were selected for displaying a high phenotypic and genetic diversity and for being the founder parents of an eggplant multiparent advanced generation intercrosses population. By resequencing at an average depth of 19.8x and comparing to the high-quality reference genome "67/3" over 10 million high-reliable polymorphisms were discovered, of which over 9 million (84.5%) were single nucleotide polymorphisms and more than 700,000 (6.5%) InDels. However, while for the S. melongena accessions, the variants identified ranged from 0.8 to 1.3 million, over 9 million were detected for the wild S. incanum. This confirms the narrow genetic diversity of the domesticated eggplant and suggests that introgression breeding using wild relatives can efficiently contribute to broadening the genetic basis of this Crop. Differences were observed among accessions for the enrichment in genes regulating important biological processes. By analyzing the distribution of the variants, we identified the potential footprints of old introgressions from wild relatives that can help to unravel the unclear domestication and breeding history. The comprehensive annotation of these eight genomes and the information provided in this study represents a landmark in eggplant genomics and allows the development of tools for eggplant Genetics and breeding.This work has been funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement no. 677379 (G2P-SOL project: Linking genetic resources, genomes, and phenotypes of Solanaceous Crops), by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional/European Regional Development Fund (grant AGL2015-64755-R), and by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (MCIU), Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (AEI), and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional/European Regional Development Fund (grant RTI2018-09592-B-100). PG is grateful to Universitat Politecnica de Valencia and to Japan Society for the Promotion of Science for their respective postdoctoral grants [PAID-10-18 and FY2019 JSPS Postdoctoral Fellowship for Research in Japan (Standard)].Gramazio, P.; Yan, H.; Hasing, T.; Vilanova Navarro, S.; Prohens Tomás, J.; Bombarely, A. (2019). Whole-Genome Resequencing of Seven Eggplant (Solanum melongena) and One Wild Relative (S. incanum) Accessions Provides New Insights and Breeding Tools for Eggplant Enhancement. Frontiers in Plant Science. 10:1-17. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01220S1171
Irwin L Goldman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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freeing Crop Genetics through the open source seed initiative
PLOS Biology, 2016Co-Authors: Claire H Luby, Irwin L GoldmanAbstract:For millennia, seeds have been freely available to use for farming and plant breeding without restriction. Within the past century, however, intellectual property rights (IPRs) have threatened this tradition. In response, a movement has emerged to counter the trend toward increasing consolidation of control and ownership of plant germplasm. One effort, the Open Source Seed Initiative (OSSI, www.osseeds.org), aims to ensure access to Crop genetic resources by embracing an open source mechanism that fosters exchange and innovation among farmers, plant breeders, and seed companies. Plant breeders across many sectors have taken the OSSI Pledge to create a protected commons of plant germplasm for future generations.