The Experts below are selected from a list of 52098 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Rajeev K Varshney - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genomics-Assisted Crop Improvement Vol 2: Genomics Applications In Crops
2018Co-Authors: Rajeev K Varshney, Roberto TuberosaAbstract:Genomics research has great potential to revolutionize the discipline of plant breeding. This two-volume set provides a critical assessment of genomics tools and approaches for Crop breeding. Volume 1, entitled "Genomics Approaches and Platforms", illustrates state-of-the-art genomics approaches and platforms presently available for Crop Improvement. Volume 2, entitled "Genomics Applications in Crops", compiles Crop-specific studies that summarize both the achievements and limitations of genomics research for Crop Improvement. We hope that these two volumes, while providing new ideas and opportunities to those working in Crop breeding, will help graduate students and teachers to develop a better understanding of the applications of Crop genomics to plant research and breeding.
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Genomic Selection for Crop Improvement: New Molecular Breeding Strategies for Crop Improvement
2017Co-Authors: Rajeev K Varshney, Manish Roorkiwal, Mark E SorrellsAbstract:Genomic Selection for Crop Improvement serves as handbook for users by providing basic as well as advanced understandings of genomic selection. This useful review explains germplasm use, phenotyping evaluation, marker genotyping methods, and statistical models involved in genomic selection. It also includes examples of ongoing activities of genomic selection for Crop Improvement and efforts initiated to deploy the genomic selection in some important Crops. In order to understand the potential of GS breeding, it is high time to bring complete information in the form of a book that can serve as a ready reference for geneticist and plant breeders.
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Advances in Chickpea Genomic Resources for Accelerating the Crop Improvement
Compendium of Plant Genomes, 2017Co-Authors: Manish Roorkiwal, Ankit Jain, Mahendar Thudi, Rajeev K VarshneyAbstract:Chickpea plays a major role in food and nutritional security worldwide. Its productivity is severely affected by various biotic and abiotic stresses; hence development of stress resilience varieties that can yield higher under stress environment remains the call of the hour. Conventional breeding approaches clubbed with the genome information, commonly known as genomic-assisted breeding (GAB) have the potential to accelerate the Crop Improvement efforts. In order to deploy the GAB for Crop Improvement in chickpea, there was need to convert an orphan Crop chickpea into the genomic resource-rich Crop. Advent of sequencing technology has resulted in reduction of cost and led to development of huge genomic resources in chickpea. A variety of markers have been developed, used for various mapping studies including linkage mapping and association mapping and finally deployed for developing the superior varieties using GAB approached such as marker assisted backcrossing and genomic selection. The chapter reviews the journey of chickpea status from orphan Crop with almost no marker resources to a genome resource-rich Crop, which are being used for achieving the genetic gains at a momentum.
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accessing genetic diversity for Crop Improvement
Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2010Co-Authors: Jeanchristophe Glaszmann, Rajeev K Varshney, H D Upadhyaya, Benjamin KilianAbstract:Vast germplasm collections are accessible but their use for Crop Improvement is limited—efficiently accessing genetic diversity is still a challenge. Molecular markers have clarified the structure of genetic diversity in a broad range of Crops. Recent developments have made whole-genome surveys and gene-targeted surveys possible, shedding light on population dynamics and on the impact of selection during domestication. Thanks to this new precision, germplasm description has gained analytical power for resolving the genetic basis of trait variation and adaptation in Crops such as major cereals, chickpea, grapevine, cacao, or banana. The challenge now is to finely characterize all the facets of plant behavior in carefully chosen materials. We suggest broadening the use of ‘core reference sets’ so as to facilitate material sharing within the scientific community.
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Genomics-Assisted Crop Improvement, Vol 1: Genomics Approaches and Platforms
2007Co-Authors: Rajeev K Varshney, Roberto TuberosaAbstract:Genomics research has great potential to revolutionize the discipline of plant breeding. This two-volume set provides a critical assessment of genomics tools and approaches for Crop breeding. Volume 1, entitled "Genomics Approaches and Platforms", illustrates state-of-the-art genomics approaches and platforms presently available for Crop Improvement. Volume 2, entitled "Genomics Applications in Crops", compiles Crop-specific studies that summarize both the achievements and limitations of genomics research for Crop Improvement. We hope that these two volumes, while providing new ideas and opportunities to those working in Crop breeding, will help graduate students and teachers to develop a better understanding of the applications of Crop genomics to plant research and breeding.
Jai S. Rohila - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Proteomics: a biotechnology tool for Crop Improvement
Frontiers in plant science, 2013Co-Authors: Moustafa Eldakak, Sanaa I.m. Milad, Ali I. Nawar, Jai S. RohilaAbstract:A sharp decline in the availability of arable land and sufficient supply of irrigation water along with a continuous steep increase in food demands have exerted a pressure on farmers to produce more with fewer resources. A viable solution to release this pressure is to speed up the plant breeding process by employing biotechnology in breeding programs. The majority of biotechnological applications rely on information generated from various -omic technologies. The latest outstanding Improvements in proteomic platforms and many other but related advances in plant biotechnology techniques offer various new ways to encourage the usage of these technologies by plant scientists for Crop Improvement programs. A combinatorial approach of accelerated gene discovery through genomics, proteomics, and other associated -omic branches of biotechnology, as an applied approach, is proving to be an effective way to speed up the Crop Improvement programs worldwide. In the near future, swift Improvements in -omic databases are becoming critical and demand immediate attention for the effective utilization of these techniques to produce next-generation Crops for the progressive farmers. Here, we have reviewed the recent advances in proteomics, as tools of biotechnology, which are offering great promise and leading the path toward Crop Improvement for sustainable agriculture.
Nathan M. Springer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Exploiting induced and natural epigenetic variation for Crop Improvement.
Nature reviews. Genetics, 2017Co-Authors: Nathan M. Springer, Robert J. SchmitzAbstract:To unlock the potential of epigenetic variation for Crop Improvement, it will be crucial to understand how epigenetic variation is established and how it is stably inherited across generations. Springer and Schmitz review these challenges, the different sources of epigenetic variation in plants, and how epigenome profiling and engineering could help to improve Crops.
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Epigenetics and Crop Improvement
Trends in Genetics, 2012Co-Authors: Nathan M. SpringerAbstract:There is considerable excitement about the potential for epigenetic information to contribute to heritable variation in many species. Our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of epigenetic inheritance is rapidly growing, and it is now possible to profile the epigenome at high resolution. Epigenetic information plays a role in developmental gene regulation, response to the environment, and in natural variation of gene expression levels. Because of these central roles, there is the potential for epigenetics to play a role in Crop Improvement strategies including the selection for favorable epigenetic states, creation of novel epialleles, and regulation of transgene expression. In this review we consider the potential, and the limitations, of epigenetic variation in Crop Improvement.
Ajjamada C. Kushalappa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Functional molecular markers for Crop Improvement.
Critical reviews in biotechnology, 2015Co-Authors: Udaykumar Kage, Arun Kumar, Dhananjay Dhokane, Shailesh Karre, Ajjamada C. KushalappaAbstract:A tremendous decline in cultivable land and resources and a huge increase in food demand calls for immediate attention to Crop Improvement. Though molecular plant breeding serves as a viable solution and is considered as "foundation for twenty-first century Crop Improvement", a major stumbling block for Crop Improvement is the availability of a limited functional gene pool for cereal Crops. Advancement in the next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies integrated with tools like metabolomics, proteomics and association mapping studies have facilitated the identification of candidate genes, their allelic variants and opened new avenues to accelerate Crop Improvement through development and use of functional molecular markers (FMMs). The FMMs are developed from the sequence polymorphisms present within functional gene(s) which are associated with phenotypic trait variations. Since FMMs obviate the problems associated with random DNA markers, these are considered as "the holy grail" of plant breeders who employ targeted marker assisted selections (MAS) for Crop Improvement. This review article attempts to consider the current resources and novel methods such as metabolomics, proteomics and association studies for the identification of candidate genes and their validation through virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) for the development of FMMs. A number of examples where the FMMs have been developed and used for the Improvement of cereal Crops for agronomic, food quality, disease resistance and abiotic stress tolerance traits have been considered.
L. F. Filippis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Crop Improvement through tissue culture
Improvement of Crops in the Era of Climatic Changes Volume 1, 2014Co-Authors: L. F. FilippisAbstract:Plant tissue culture comprises a set of in vitro techniques, methods and strategies that are part of the group of technologies called plant biotechnology. Tissue culture has been exploited to create genetic variability from which Crop plants can be improved, to improve the state of health of the planted material and to increase the number of desirable germplasms available to the plant breeder. Tissue-culture protocols are available for most Crop species, although continued optimization is still required for many Crops, especially cereals and woody plants. Tissueculture techniques, in combination with molecular techniques, have been successfully used to incorporate specific traits through gene transfer. In vitro techniques for the culture of protoplasts, anthers, microspores, ovules and embryos have been used to create new genetic variation in the breeding lines, often via haploid production. Cell culture has also produced somaclonal and gametoclonal variants with Crop-Improvement potential. The culture of single cells and meristems can be effectively used to eradicate pathogens from planting material and thereby dramatically improve the yield of established cultivars. Large-scale miCropropagation laboratories are providing millions of plants for the commercial ornamental market and the agricultural, clonally-propagated Crop market. With selected laboratory material typically taking one or two decades to reach the commercial market through plant breeding, this technology can be expected to have an ever increasing impact on Crop Improvement as we approach the new millenium.
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Bioinformatic Tools in Crop Improvement
Crop Improvement, 2013Co-Authors: L. F. FilippisAbstract:Bioinformatic resources and web databases are essential for the most effective use of genetic, proteomic, metabolomic and phenome information important in increasing agricultural Crop productivity. Innovations in web based platforms for omics based research, and application of such information has provided the necessary platform to promote molecular based research in model plants, as well as important Crop plants. Combinations of multiple omics web based sites and integration of outcomes is now an important strategy to identify molecular systems promoting comparative genomics, the biological properties in many species, and to accelerate gene discovery and functional analyses. The review details recent advances in plant omics data acquisition sites, together with relevant databases and advance molecular technology under clear biological categories. The information is set out under the molecular biology divisions of; DNA based resources and sequencing, RNA and variation analysis, proteomics, structural proteins, and post-translation modifications, metabolomics, phenome and plant comparative analyses. Tables of relevant web sites are presented under similar headings for convenience, and the application of bioinformation data is reviewed in light of the possible use of these resources for Crop Improvement. Finally, a long list of future perspectives and research still to be attempted is detailed, which in the fullness of time should enable the full potential of bioinformatics and use in Crop Improvement programs to be achieved.