The Experts below are selected from a list of 609 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
David G Cory - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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experimental implementation of a concatenated quantum error correcting code
Physical Review Letters, 2005Co-Authors: Nicolas Boulant, Lorenza Viola, Evan M Fortunato, David G CoryAbstract:: Concatenated coding provides a general strategy to achieve the desired level of noise protection in quantum information processing. We report the implementation of a concatenated quantum error-correcting code able to correct phase errors with a strong correlated component. The experiment was performed using liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance techniques on a four spin subsystem of labeled Crotonic Acid. Our results show that concatenation between active and passive quantum error correction is a practical tool to handle realistic noise involving both independent and correlated errors.
Mohd Ali Hassan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Non-Solvent Pretreatment of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate) for Improved Bio-Based Crotonic Acid Production
'Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)', 2015Co-Authors: Mior Ahmad Khushairi Mohd Zahari, Mohd Rahimi Zakaria Mamat, Hidayah Ariffin, Nur Falia Syazana Manja Farid, Mohd Ali HassanAbstract:In this study, high purity bio-based Crotonic Acid was obtained by non-solvent pretreatment of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), PHB prior to pyrolysis. PHB was produced by Cupriavidus necator KCTC 2649 utilizing heat-treated oil palm frond juice followed by mild alkaline treatment with 0.05 M NaOH. It was found that NaOH-treated PHB was highly converted to its dehydrated monomer to give bio-based Crotonic Acid with 89% purity; 16% higher than that produced from chloroform-treated PHB. It is believed that pretreatment of PHB with low concentration NaOH assisted in high thermal conversion of PHB into Crotonic Acid by producing crotonyl chain-end and Na-binding carboxyl terminal end, of which both are the accelerator for ß-chain scission of PHB into bioCrotonic Acid. Initial molar mass of PHB also played a role in bioCrotonic Acid production. Overall, improved bioCrotonic Acid production with high purity bioCrotonic Acid is an advantage for industrial production of Crotonic Acid from renewable resource
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Bio-based production of Crotonic Acid by pyrolysis of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) inclusions
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2014Co-Authors: Mohd Rahimi Zakaria Mamat, Hidayah Ariffin, Mohd Ali Hassan, Mior Ahmad Khushairi Mohd ZahariAbstract:Bio-based material development has become a new focus globally due to limited supply, increasing price of fossil fuel, and demands for environment sustainability. Current industrial production of Crotonic Acid through petrochemical route has several drawbacks: i) non-renewable, as it is derived from petroleum resource, ii) involves numerous complicated steps, and iii) produces low yield. Therefore, this paper proposes a method for production of bio-based Crotonic Acid by direct pyrolysis of bacterial poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) inclusion as an alternative to the petrochemical route. Thermogravimetric profile of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) inclusions showed poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) degradation occurred at a temperature range of 270 °C–350 °C with maximum degradation rate at 310 °C. Analysis of products from isothermal pyrolysis of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) at 310 °C revealed that pyrolysis of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) inclusions yielded approximately 63% of Crotonic Acid. This is 30% higher than the conventional Crotonic Acid production via petrochemical method. The proposed method also offers other benefits such as renewable and simpler in processing. Besides, by-products of fermentation and pyrolysis are easy to treat, thus minimizing threat to the environment. Moreover, demands for bio-based products are expected to rise in the near future because of social, environmental and economical issues related to fossil resources which make bio-based production method more appealing and favourable. Therefore, pyrolysis of bacterial poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) inclusions provides new insight of renewable and green chemistry of the Crotonic Acid production.
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Highly selective transformation of poly((R)-3-hydroxybutyric Acid) into trans-Crotonic Acid by catalytic thermal degradation
Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2010Co-Authors: Hidayah Ariffin, Haruo Nishida, Yoshihito Shirai, Mohd Ali HassanAbstract:Highly selective transformation of poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyric Acid] (PHB) into trans-Crotonic Acid was achieved by thermal degradation using Mg compounds: MgO and Mg(OH)2 as catalysts. Through catalytic action, not only the temperature and Ea value of degradation were lowered by 40–50 °C and 11–14 kJ mol−1, respectively, but also significant changes in the selectivity of pyrolyzates were observed. Notably, Mg(OH)2 showed nearly complete selectivity (∼100%) to trans-Crotonic Acid. Kinetic analysis of TG profiles revealed that the catalytic thermal degradation of PHB was initiated by some random degradation reactions, followed by the unzipping β-elimination from crotonate chain-ends as a main process. It was suggested that the Mg catalysts promote the totality of the β-elimination reactions by acting throughout the beginning and main processes, resulting in a lowering in the degradation temperature and the completely selective transformation of PHB.
Karim Salazarsalinas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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extraction of 2 o apiosyl 6 o Crotonic Acid betanin from the ayrampo seed opuntia soehrensii cuticle and its use as an emitting layer in an organic light emitting diode
RSC Advances, 2020Co-Authors: Harry Anderson Rivera Tito, Gerardo Hernandezsosa, Carlos Romeronieto, Elzbieta Regulska, Nils Jurgensen, Johannes Zimmermann, Karim SalazarsalinasAbstract:The molecule 2′-O-apiosyl-6′-O-Crotonic Acid-betanin (called Achkiy) was obtained after an ecofriendly and low-cost purification process of the extract from the ayrampo seed cuticle. Results from EDS give us an idea of the organic elements present in the ayrampo cuticle layer composed of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen. Further characterization analysis of ayrampo extract by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometry (FTIR) corroborated the presence of characteristic functional groups corresponding to carboxyl, carbonyls, hydroxyls and secondary amines. On the other hand, we have confirmed by absortion peak the glucose, apiosyl, Crotonic Acid and betanin at 227 nm, 276 nm, 291 nm and 534 nm bands respectively. Mass Spectrometry (MS) characterization was used finally to identify the electroactive Achkiy molecule. This molecule was tested in an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) achieving a luminance of 4.8 Cd m−2 when bias voltage of 16.5 V and a current of 34.1 mA was applied. In addition, the irradiance generated by the Achkiy layer reaches a value of ≈ 113.3 μW m−2 emitting light with a λ ≈ 390.10 nm. These preliminary results report an interesting molecule extracted from a natural pigment wich emits light in the blue region.
C Negrevergne - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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benchmarking quantum computers the five qubit error correcting code
Physical Review Letters, 2001Co-Authors: E Knill, Raymond Laflamme, Rodolfo A Martinez, C NegrevergneAbstract:The smallest quantum code that can correct all one-qubit errors is based on five qubits. We experimentally implemented the encoding, decoding, and error-correction quantum networks using nuclear magnetic resonance on a five spin subsystem of labeled Crotonic Acid. The ability to correct each error was verified by tomography of the process. The use of error correction for benchmarking quantum networks is discussed, and we infer that the fidelity achieved in our experiment is sufficient for preserving entanglement.
Gerardo Hernandezsosa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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extraction of 2 o apiosyl 6 o Crotonic Acid betanin from the ayrampo seed opuntia soehrensii cuticle and its use as an emitting layer in an organic light emitting diode
RSC Advances, 2020Co-Authors: Harry Anderson Rivera Tito, Gerardo Hernandezsosa, Carlos Romeronieto, Elzbieta Regulska, Nils Jurgensen, Johannes Zimmermann, Karim SalazarsalinasAbstract:The molecule 2′-O-apiosyl-6′-O-Crotonic Acid-betanin (called Achkiy) was obtained after an ecofriendly and low-cost purification process of the extract from the ayrampo seed cuticle. Results from EDS give us an idea of the organic elements present in the ayrampo cuticle layer composed of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen. Further characterization analysis of ayrampo extract by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometry (FTIR) corroborated the presence of characteristic functional groups corresponding to carboxyl, carbonyls, hydroxyls and secondary amines. On the other hand, we have confirmed by absortion peak the glucose, apiosyl, Crotonic Acid and betanin at 227 nm, 276 nm, 291 nm and 534 nm bands respectively. Mass Spectrometry (MS) characterization was used finally to identify the electroactive Achkiy molecule. This molecule was tested in an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) achieving a luminance of 4.8 Cd m−2 when bias voltage of 16.5 V and a current of 34.1 mA was applied. In addition, the irradiance generated by the Achkiy layer reaches a value of ≈ 113.3 μW m−2 emitting light with a λ ≈ 390.10 nm. These preliminary results report an interesting molecule extracted from a natural pigment wich emits light in the blue region.