The Experts below are selected from a list of 261 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Sarah Sierra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Anthropological Effect: Cultural Hierarchies and Nationalization in Pérez Galdós’ Doña Perfecta and Pereda’s De Tal Palo, Tal Astilla
Neophilologus, 2011Co-Authors: Sarah SierraAbstract:In nineteenth-century Spain, Anthropology arose as a means to study the social and Cultural aspects of humankind in an empirical manner. However, the anthropological evaluation of distinct internal national cultures opened a dangerous path for politically motivated ideologies to establish a Cultural Hierarchy in which particular communities were considered less-developed. The urban liberals justified the intervention by the centralized government in the rural peripheral cultures in order to usurp control over these perceived underdeveloped areas. In both Benito Pérez Galdós’ Doña Perfecta and José María de Pereda’s De Tal Palo, Tal Astilla , the effects of Anthropology on the urban–rural dynamics are played out as the liberal, urban protagonists engage the rural communities in a manner that simulates a colonial encounter; the dominant culture dismisses the extant beliefs and customs, thus allowing for political and economic usurpation of the perceived underdeveloped community. In each novel, the rural inhabitants react violently to the liberal protagonists’ encroachment indicating a growing awareness of the failure of the liberal faction’s nationalization agenda.
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The Anthropological Effect: Cultural Hierarchies and Nationalization in Pérez Galdós’ Doña Perfecta and Pereda’s De Tal Palo, Tal Astilla
Neophilologus, 2010Co-Authors: Sarah SierraAbstract:In nineteenth-century Spain, Anthropology arose as a means to study the social and Cultural aspects of humankind in an empirical manner. However, the anthropological evaluation of distinct internal national cultures opened a dangerous path for politically motivated ideologies to establish a Cultural Hierarchy in which particular communities were considered less-developed. The urban liberals justified the intervention by the centralized government in the rural peripheral cultures in order to usurp control over these perceived underdeveloped areas. In both Benito Perez Galdos’ Dona Perfecta and Jose Maria de Pereda’s De Tal Palo, Tal Astilla, the effects of Anthropology on the urban–rural dynamics are played out as the liberal, urban protagonists engage the rural communities in a manner that simulates a colonial encounter; the dominant culture dismisses the extant beliefs and customs, thus allowing for political and economic usurpation of the perceived underdeveloped community. In each novel, the rural inhabitants react violently to the liberal protagonists’ encroachment indicating a growing awareness of the failure of the liberal faction’s nationalization agenda.
M.a. Van Den Haak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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‘Putting Radiohead Next to Bach.’ Perceptions of Cultural Hierarchy Unravelled with a Ranking Task
Journal of Cultural Analysis and Social Change, 2020Co-Authors: M.a. Van Den HaakAbstract:Although Cultural Hierarchy is a social construction – the result of ever changing distinction practices by elites – the consequential division between ‘high culture’ and ‘low culture’ is often either taken for granted as a fixed opposition, or disputed because of waning boundaries. To what extent individuals of different status groups adhere to such Hierarchy is not known, nor whether changed Cultural taste patterns result in alternate perceptions. This article aims to unravel Cultural taste, perceptions of and opinions on Cultural Hierarchy, by means of a ranking task with musical items among ninety people in the Netherlands. It shows, first, that perceptions of Cultural Hierarchy are still sound among many, regardless of egalitarian opinions. Second, many distinguish personal tastes – which are evidently diverse – from their perceptions of Cultural Hierarchy – on which a certain agreement exists. Third, this agreement is not absolute, as there are several deviations, that are related to educational level and age.
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putting radiohead next to bach perceptions of Cultural Hierarchy unravelled with a ranking task
Journal of Cultural Analysis and Social Change, 2020Co-Authors: M.a. Van Den HaakAbstract:Although Cultural Hierarchy is a social construction – the result of ever changing distinction practices by elites – the consequential division between ‘high culture’ and ‘low culture’ is often either taken for granted as a fixed opposition, or disputed because of waning boundaries. To what extent individuals of different status groups adhere to such Hierarchy is not known, nor whether changed Cultural taste patterns result in alternate perceptions. This article aims to unravel Cultural taste, perceptions of and opinions on Cultural Hierarchy, by means of a ranking task with musical items among ninety people in the Netherlands. It shows, first, that perceptions of Cultural Hierarchy are still sound among many, regardless of egalitarian opinions. Second, many distinguish personal tastes – which are evidently diverse – from their perceptions of Cultural Hierarchy – on which a certain agreement exists. Third, this agreement is not absolute, as there are several deviations, that are related to educational level and age.
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Struggling with distinction: How and why people switch between Cultural Hierarchy and equality:
European Journal of Cultural Studies, 2019Co-Authors: M.a. Van Den Haak, Nico WilterdinkAbstract:In research on Cultural taste and distinction, inconsistent and ambivalent attitudes towards Hierarchy versus equality have largely been ignored. This study shows, by means of in-depth interviews w...
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Disputing about taste: Practices and perceptions of Cultural Hierarchy in the Netherlands
2014Co-Authors: M.a. Van Den HaakAbstract:This dissertation asks the question whether and how people in the Netherlands practise, perceive and value Cultural Hierarchy. Do concepts such as ‘high culture’ and ‘low culture’ mean anything to them in an allegedly egalitarian society, and if so, how do they define them and how do they classify Cultural objects? Furthermore, it studies how people practise Cultural Hierarchy in daily life, i.e., whether they look down on, or up to, others’ tastes. Finally, the opinions people have on these matters are studied. The research is conducted by means of in-depth interviews with ninety Dutch people on music, film, television, theatre and visual arts, which includes a quantitatively analysed ranking assignment. The research shows many ambivalences. Many Dutch people - particularly the higher educated - indeed look down on others’ tastes, but they often immediately downplay their distinctive utterances. The majority recognises a Cultural Hierarchy, and there is a high consensus on both ends of this Hierarchy (regardless of educational level or age), but many of them also object using concepts such as high and low culture, good and bad taste. In other words, they both perceive and practise Cultural Hierarchy, but they do not agree. They cherish egalitarian ideals, but they are not consistent. Finally, the research shows that the logic with which they practise Hierarchy often differs from the logic with which they perceive and define Hierarchy, which can help explain the confusion on the allegedly blurring boundaries between high and low culture.
Vk Kashyap - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Influence of language and ancestry on genetic structure of contiguous populations: A microsatellite based study on populations of Orissa
BMC Genetics, 2005Co-Authors: Sanghamitra Sahoo, Vk KashyapAbstract:Background We have examined genetic diversity at fifteen autosomal microsatellite loci in seven predominant populations of Orissa to decipher whether populations inhabiting the same geographic region can be differentiated on the basis of language or ancestry. The studied populations have diverse historical accounts of their origin, belong to two major ethnic groups and different linguistic families. Caucasoid caste populations are speakers of Indo-European language and comprise Brahmins, Khandayat, Karan and Gope, while the three Australoid tribal populations include two Austric speakers: Juang and Saora and a Dravidian speaking population, Paroja. These divergent groups provide a varied substratum for understanding variation of genetic patterns in a geographical area resulting from differential admixture between migrants groups and aboriginals, and the influence of this admixture on population stratification. Results The allele distribution pattern showed uniformity in the studied groups with approximately 81% genetic variability within populations. The coefficient of gene differentiation was found to be significantly higher in tribes (0.014) than caste groups (0.004). Genetic variance between the groups was 0.34% in both ethnic and linguistic clusters and statistically significant only in the ethnic apportionment. Although the populations were genetically close (F_ST = 0.010), the contemporary caste and tribal groups formed distinct clusters in both Principal-Component plot and Neighbor-Joining tree. In the phylogenetic tree, the Orissa Brahmins showed close affinity to populations of North India, while Khandayat and Gope clustered with the tribal groups, suggesting a possibility of their origin from indigenous people. Conclusions The extent of genetic differentiation in the contemporary caste and tribal groups of Orissa is highly significant and constitutes two distinct genetic clusters. Based on our observations, we suggest that since genetic distances and coefficient of gene differentiation were fairly small, the studied populations are indeed genetically similar and that the genetic structure of populations in a geographical region is primarily influenced by their ancestry and not by socio-Cultural Hierarchy or language. The scenario of genetic structure, however, might be different for other regions of the subcontinent where populations have more similar ethnic and linguistic backgrounds and there might be variations in the patterns of genomic and socio-Cultural affinities in different geographical regions.
Ariana Pitchon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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An Anthropological Research Protocol for Marine Protected Areas: Creating a Niche in a Multidisciplinary Cultural Hierarchy
Human Organization, 2007Co-Authors: Ben G. Blount, Ariana PitchonAbstract:Anthropologists who venture into planned multidisciplinary research in marine systems become enmeshed in a social and Cultural system of disciplinary Hierarchy that constrains the nature and type of expected research. The hierarchical system that favors biology, ecology, and economics before other social sciences is deeply ingrained in U.S. Cultural models and enacted managerially in multidisciplinary research agendas. Within that framework, anthropology is one of the social sciences that modifies economics in the form of socioeconomics. Anthropology as socioeconomics is challenged to carve out research questions within the hierarchical framework. A meta-analysis of the design, implementation, and evaluation of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) shows that questions of social and economic equity are in the forefront of fishers' concerns about MPAs, providing a topic of immediate and practical concern for socioeconomic and anthropological research.
Sanghamitra Sahoo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Influence of language and ancestry on genetic structure of contiguous populations: A microsatellite based study on populations of Orissa
BMC Genetics, 2005Co-Authors: Sanghamitra Sahoo, Vk KashyapAbstract:Background We have examined genetic diversity at fifteen autosomal microsatellite loci in seven predominant populations of Orissa to decipher whether populations inhabiting the same geographic region can be differentiated on the basis of language or ancestry. The studied populations have diverse historical accounts of their origin, belong to two major ethnic groups and different linguistic families. Caucasoid caste populations are speakers of Indo-European language and comprise Brahmins, Khandayat, Karan and Gope, while the three Australoid tribal populations include two Austric speakers: Juang and Saora and a Dravidian speaking population, Paroja. These divergent groups provide a varied substratum for understanding variation of genetic patterns in a geographical area resulting from differential admixture between migrants groups and aboriginals, and the influence of this admixture on population stratification. Results The allele distribution pattern showed uniformity in the studied groups with approximately 81% genetic variability within populations. The coefficient of gene differentiation was found to be significantly higher in tribes (0.014) than caste groups (0.004). Genetic variance between the groups was 0.34% in both ethnic and linguistic clusters and statistically significant only in the ethnic apportionment. Although the populations were genetically close (F_ST = 0.010), the contemporary caste and tribal groups formed distinct clusters in both Principal-Component plot and Neighbor-Joining tree. In the phylogenetic tree, the Orissa Brahmins showed close affinity to populations of North India, while Khandayat and Gope clustered with the tribal groups, suggesting a possibility of their origin from indigenous people. Conclusions The extent of genetic differentiation in the contemporary caste and tribal groups of Orissa is highly significant and constitutes two distinct genetic clusters. Based on our observations, we suggest that since genetic distances and coefficient of gene differentiation were fairly small, the studied populations are indeed genetically similar and that the genetic structure of populations in a geographical region is primarily influenced by their ancestry and not by socio-Cultural Hierarchy or language. The scenario of genetic structure, however, might be different for other regions of the subcontinent where populations have more similar ethnic and linguistic backgrounds and there might be variations in the patterns of genomic and socio-Cultural affinities in different geographical regions.