The Experts below are selected from a list of 14145 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Michael S. Reid - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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postharvest biology and technology of Cut Flowers and potted plants
Horticultural Reviews Volume 40, 2012Co-Authors: Michael S. Reid, Caizhong JiangAbstract:The relatively brief postharvest life of most Cut Flowers and potted flowering plants can be extended by a range of technologies. Studies have shown that vase life is negatively correlated with respiration after harvest, so prompt cooling to the lowest safe storage temperature is a key to long-distance transport of these perishable crops. Forced air cooling is the method of choice for Cut Flowers, and vacuum cooling has been shown to be very effective for cooling potted plants. In contrast to some other horticultural crops, controlled and modified atmospheres seem to have little effect on petal respiration, and these techniques have not proved commercially useful in the marketing of many Cut Flowers. Low temperatures are also important in managing the effect of other factors contributing to early senescence, including water loss, the effects of ethylene, leaf yellowing, and the growth of diseases, particularly caused by Botrytis cinerea. Ornamentals originating in the tropics and subtropics cannot be cooled below 10 � C because they rapidly show the symptoms of chilling injury. Chemical strategies to improve the life of ornamentals include the application of abscisic acid to reduce water loss, particularly in potted and bedding plants, pretreatment with the volatile ethylene inhibitor 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) to prevent the
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Horticultural Reviews - Postharvest Biology and Technology of Cut Flowers and Potted Plants
Horticultural Reviews, 2012Co-Authors: Michael S. Reid, Caizhong JiangAbstract:The relatively brief postharvest life of most Cut Flowers and potted flowering plants can be extended by a range of technologies. Studies have shown that vase life is negatively correlated with respiration after harvest, so prompt cooling to the lowest safe storage temperature is a key to long-distance transport of these perishable crops. Forced air cooling is the method of choice for Cut Flowers, and vacuum cooling has been shown to be very effective for cooling potted plants. In contrast to some other horticultural crops, controlled and modified atmospheres seem to have little effect on petal respiration, and these techniques have not proved commercially useful in the marketing of many Cut Flowers. Low temperatures are also important in managing the effect of other factors contributing to early senescence, including water loss, the effects of ethylene, leaf yellowing, and the growth of diseases, particularly caused by Botrytis cinerea. Ornamentals originating in the tropics and subtropics cannot be cooled below 10 � C because they rapidly show the symptoms of chilling injury. Chemical strategies to improve the life of ornamentals include the application of abscisic acid to reduce water loss, particularly in potted and bedding plants, pretreatment with the volatile ethylene inhibitor 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) to prevent the
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effect of dry and wet storage at different temperatures on the vase life of Cut Flowers
Horttechnology, 2001Co-Authors: Juancarlos Cevallos, Michael S. ReidAbstract:After storage at different temperatures for a simulated transportation period, the vase lives at 20 °C (68 °F) of carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus ‘Imperial White’), daffodils (Narcissus pseudonarcissus ‘King Alfred’), iris (Iris hollandica ‘Telstar’), killian daisies (Chrysanthemum maximum), paperwhite narcissus (Narcissus tazetta ‘Paperwhite’), roses (Rosa {XtimesX}hybrida ‘Ambiance’), and tulips (Tulipa gesneriana) decreased with increasing storage temperature. There were no significant differences between the vase life of Flowers stored dry and Flowers stored in water when storage temperatures were from 0 to 10 °C (32 to 50 °F). The vase life after wet storage at temperatures of 12.5 °C (54.5 °F) and greater was significantly higher than vase life after dry storage at those temperatures for all the Flowers studied. Iris and carnation Flowers survived storage at 15 and 20 °C (59 and 68 °F) only when stored in water. M onitoring of transit temperatures of commercial Cut Flowers has shown that Flowers are often exposed to damaging high temperatures. Maxie et al. (1974) and Thompson and Reid (1994) recorded flower temperatures above 27 °C (81 °F) in commercial flower shipments. Poor temperature management during transport of Cut Flowers is largely the result of inadequate precooling and transport under nonrefrigerated conditions. Several researchers have shown the negative effects of improper storage temperatures on vase life of a range of Cut Flowers (Cevallos and Reid, 2001). The poor arrival quality of transported Cut Flowers has spurred the development of systems like the Procona buckets (Pagter Innovations, Dinteloord, The Netherlands) in which the Flowers are transported in water. Industry leaders have claimed a considerable improvement in postharvest quality for Flowers transported in this way, and these claims have reduced the industry’s emphasis on proper postharvest temperature management. Warm storage temperatures accelerate water loss, so it is possible that wet storage helps by replacing lost water. However, we have shown that reduction of Cut flower vase life during storage is highly correlated with respiration at the storage temperature (Cevallos and Reid, 1999). A substantial reduction in the vase life of Flowers shipped at warmer temperatures would therefore be expected even if they were shipped in water. In the study reported here, several Cut flower species were used to test the hypothesis that wet storage would have a beneficial effect on vase life only when Flowers were held at warmer temperatures.
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Effects of 1-MCP on the vase life and ethylene response of Cut Flowers
Plant Growth Regulation, 1995Co-Authors: Margrethe Serek, Edward C. Sisler, Michael S. ReidAbstract:Pretreatment for 6 h with low concentrations of 1-MCP (1-Methylcyclopropene, formerly designated as SIS-X), a cyclic ethylene analog, inhibits the normal wilting response of Cut carnations exposed continuously to 0.4 μl·l^−1 ethylene. The response to 1-MCP was a function of treatment concentration and time. Treatment with 1-MCP was as effective in inhibiting ethylene effects as treatment with the anionic silver thiosulfate complex (STS), the standard commercial treatment. Other ethylene-sensitive Cut Flowers responded similarly to carnations. In the presence of 1 μl·l^−1 ethylene, the vase life of 1-MCP-treated Flowers was up to 4 times that of the controls.
Morteza Soleimani Aghdam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impact of exogenous gaba treatments on endogenous gaba metabolism in anthurium Cut Flowers in response to postharvest chilling temperature
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2016Co-Authors: Morteza Soleimani Aghdam, Roohangiz Naderi, Mohammad Ali Askari Sarcheshmeh, Mesbah Babalar, Abbasali Jannatizadeh, Mojtaba Zamani FaradonbeAbstract:Anthurium Flowers are susceptible to chilling injury, and the optimum storage temperature is 12.5-20 °C. The γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt pathway may alleviate chilling stress in horticultural commodities by providing energy (ATP), reducing molecules (NADH), and minimizing accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this experiment, the impact of a preharvest spray treatment with 1 mM GABA and postharvest treatment of 5 mM GABA stem-end dipping on GABA shunt pathway activity of anthurium Cut Flowers (cv. Sirion) in response to cold storage (4 °C for 21 days) was investigated. GABA treatments resulted in lower glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and higher GABA transaminase (GABA-T) activities in Flowers during cold storage, which was associated with lower GABA content and coincided with higher ATP content. GABA treatments also enhanced accumulation of endogenous glycine betaine (GB) in Flowers during cold storage, as well as higher spathe relative water content (RWC). These findings suggest that GABA treatments may alleviate chilling injury of anthurium Cut Flowers by enhancing GABA shunt pathway activity leading to provide sufficient ATP and promoting endogenous GB accumulation.
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contribution of gaba shunt to chilling tolerance in anthurium Cut Flowers in response to postharvest salicylic acid treatment
Scientia Horticulturae, 2016Co-Authors: Morteza Soleimani Aghdam, Roohangiz Naderi, Parviz Malekzadeh, Abbasali JannatizadehAbstract:Abstract Due to the sensitivity of anthurium Flowers to chilling injury (CI), its favorable temperature storage is 12.5–20 °C. There is evidence that maintaining the functional γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt pathway is crucial for tolerance to postharvest chilling stress by providing energy (ATP) and reducing molecule (NADH) and minimizing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. In this experiment, the impact of salicylic acid (SA) treatment applied by postharvest stem-end dipping (2 mM, 15 min at 20 °C) on GABA shunt pathway activity of anthurium Cut Flowers (cv. Sirion) storage at 4 °C for 21 days were investigated. The anthurium Cut Flowers in response to 2 mM SA treatment displayed significantly higher GABA transaminase (GABA-T) activity during storage at 4 °C for 21 days, which coincided with lower GABA content, leading to Flowers with lower spathe browning. SA treatment enhanced GABA shunt pathway activity, by enhancing GABA-T activity, during storage at 4 °C, lead to consumption of GABA for providing sufficient ATP content associated with the lower H 2 O 2 content. Also, anthurium Cut Flowers in response to SA treatment displayed significantly higher unsaturated/saturated fatty acids (unSFA/SFA) ratio, which can be results not only from higher energy content but also from lower phospholipase D (PLD) and lipoxygenase (LOX) activities. These findings showed that SA treatment at 2 mM maintained functional GABA shunt pathway activity which leads to providing higher ATP, lower H 2 O 2 accumulation, higher unSFA/SFA ratio, proposed that the SA can be applied as an effective procedure for improving anthurium Cut Flowers tolerance to postharvest chilling stress, by enhancing membrane fluidity.
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alleviation of postharvest chilling injury in anthurium Cut Flowers by salicylic acid treatment
Scientia Horticulturae, 2016Co-Authors: Morteza Soleimani Aghdam, Abbasali Jannatizadeh, Morteza Sheikhassadi, Parviz MalekzadehAbstract:Abstract Due to the sensitivity of anthurium Flowers to chilling injury, its optimum temperature storage is 12.5–20 °C. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation during postharvest chilling stress leads to loss of membrane integrity which can be coincided with phenols oxidation by polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity, the enzyme responsible for browning. Higher phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, the enzyme responsible for phenols accumulation, under chilling stress, can act as a defense mechanism overcome chilling stress. In this experiment, the impact of 0, 1, 2 and 4 mM salicylic acid (SA) treatment applied by postharvest stem-end dipping (15 min at 20 °C) on chilling injury of Anthurium andraeanum cv. Sirion Cut Flowers storage at 4 °C for 21 days were investigated. SA treatment delayed spathe browning and retards electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde (MDA) increase. The SA treated anthurium Cut Flowers exhibited significantly higher PAL enzyme activity, associated with lower PPO activity, which were coincided with higher total phenol accumulation and higher DPPH scavenging activity during storage at 4 °C for 21 days. Also, higher DPPH scavenging activity in anthurium Cut Flowers treated with SA can be results from higher antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity. Also, SA treatment enhanced endogenous proline and glycine betaine (GB) accumulation in anthurium Cut Flowers during storage at 4 °C, which was coincided with higher spathe relative water content (RWC). These results suggested that SA treatment can be used as a useful technology for the alleviation of postharvest chilling injury in anthurium Cut Flowers by enhancing total phenol, proline, and GB accumulation coincide with enhancing antioxidant system activity leading to higher membrane integrity showed by lower electrolyte leakage and MDA content.
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enhancement of postharvest chilling tolerance of anthurium Cut Flowers by γ aminobutyric acid gaba treatments
Scientia Horticulturae, 2016Co-Authors: Morteza Soleimani Aghdam, Roohangiz Naderi, Mohammad Ali Askari Sarcheshmeh, Abbasali Jannatizadeh, Mesbah BabalarAbstract:Abstract Anthurium Cut Flowers, originally a tropical flower, cannot easily be stored at low temperatures, due to the risk of chilling injury (CI). In response to chilling stress, increment of phospholipase D (PLD) enzyme activity leads to releasing unsaturated fatty acids, which under peroxidation by lipoxygenase (LOX) results to declining membrane fluidity and manifesting chilling symptoms. In this study, the effects of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) treatment applied by preharvest spraying (1 mM) or postharvest stem-end dipping (5 mM, 15 min at 20 °C) on CI of anthurium Cut Flowers (cv. Sirion) stored at 4 °C for 21 days were investigated. GABA treatment at 1 and 5 mM by pre and postharvest treatment, respectively, significantly delayed spathe browning. The GABA treated anthurium Cut Flowers exhibited significantly lower PLD and LOX activities, which coincided with a higher unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids (unSFA/SFA) ratio. Also, anthurium Cut Flowers treated with GABA showed lower H 2 O 2 accumulation, which results from higher antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR) activity. These results suggest that GABA treatment can be used as a useful procedure for enhancing tolerance of anthurium Cut Flowers to postharvest chilling injury by decreasing PLD and LOX activities coincide with enhancing antioxidant system activity, which lead to lowering ROS accumulation and promoting higher unSFA/SFA ratio and ultimately maintaining membrane integrity.
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amelioration of postharvest chilling injury in anthurium Cut Flowers by γ aminobutyric acid gaba treatments
Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Morteza Soleimani Aghdam, Roohangiz Naderi, Mohammad Ali Askari Sarcheshmeh, Mesbah BabalarAbstract:Abstract The optimum temperature storage of anthurium Flowers is 12.5–20 °C because they are very sensitive to chilling injury (CI). CI is associated with the loss of membrane integrity which can be aligned to phenolic oxidation due to polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity, the enzyme responsible for tissue browning. The increment of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, the enzyme responsible for phenols accumulation, in response to chilling stress has been considered as defense mechanism to chilling stress. In this study, the effects of 0, 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mM γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) treatment applied by preharvest spraying or postharvest stem-end dipping (15 min at 20 °C) on CI of anthurium Flowers (cv. Sirion) stored at 4 °C for 21 days was investigated. CI symptoms were accompanied by spathe browning and increase in electrolyte leakage as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) content. GABA treatment at 1 and 5 mM by pre and postharvest treatment, respectively, delayed spathe browning and increases in electrolyte leakage and MDA accumulation. The GABA treated anthurium Cut Flowers exhibited significantly higher PAL enzyme activity, associated with lower PPO activity. Higher PAL enzyme activity in anthurium Cut Flowers treated with GABA coincided with higher total phenol accumulation and higher DPPH scavenging activity than control Flowers during storage at 4 °C for 21 days. Also, proline content in anthurium Cut Flowers treated with GABA was significantly higher than control Flowers during storage. These results suggest that GABA treatment can be used as a useful technology for enhancing tolerance of anthurium Cut Flowers to postharvest chilling injury by increasing total phenol and proline accumulation and decreasing MDA content, and thus maintaining membrane integrity.
Lamson Phan Tran - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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physiological and biochemical modifications by postharvest treatment with sodium nitroprusside extend vase life of Cut Flowers of two gerbera cultivars
Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Soheila Shabanian, Maryam Nasr Esfahani, Roya Karamian, Lamson Phan TranAbstract:Abstract Senescence is a major problem of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii) Cut Flowers limiting their long-distance transportation and subsequent marketing. This study was designed to evaluate whether external application of nitric oxide (NO), provided through 150 μM sodium nitroprusside (SNP), could extend the vase life of gerbera Cut Flowers, as well as the potential physiological and biochemical mechanisms involved. We used two gerbera cultivars ‘Bayadere’ and ‘Sunway’; watered ‘Bayadere’ Cut Flowers have a better performance than watered ‘Sunway’ Cut Flowers. NO extended the vase life of Cut Flowers of both cultivars as compared with their respective control treated with water alone, with ‘Sunway’ showing better postharvest performance than ‘Bayadere’. Application of SNP in vase solution resulted in a decrease in proline content in the stems of Cut Flowers of both cultivars, providing evidence for alleviation of water deficit in SNP-supplied Cut Flowers. Improved postharvest performance of SNP-treated gerbera cultivars could be attributed to increases in total phenol and flavonoid contents, which resulted from decreased polyphenol oxidase activity and increased phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity. A decline in malondialdehyde accumulation in the stems of SNP-treated Cut Flowers was greater in ‘Sunway’ Flowers than in ‘Bayadere’ Flowers, which was ascribed to the better performance of antioxidant systems in SNP-treated ‘Sunway’ Flowers to reduce the adverse effect of oxidative stress. Taken together, exogenous NO might be promising approaches to improve postharvest performance of Flowers.
Abbasali Jannatizadeh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impact of exogenous gaba treatments on endogenous gaba metabolism in anthurium Cut Flowers in response to postharvest chilling temperature
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2016Co-Authors: Morteza Soleimani Aghdam, Roohangiz Naderi, Mohammad Ali Askari Sarcheshmeh, Mesbah Babalar, Abbasali Jannatizadeh, Mojtaba Zamani FaradonbeAbstract:Anthurium Flowers are susceptible to chilling injury, and the optimum storage temperature is 12.5-20 °C. The γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt pathway may alleviate chilling stress in horticultural commodities by providing energy (ATP), reducing molecules (NADH), and minimizing accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this experiment, the impact of a preharvest spray treatment with 1 mM GABA and postharvest treatment of 5 mM GABA stem-end dipping on GABA shunt pathway activity of anthurium Cut Flowers (cv. Sirion) in response to cold storage (4 °C for 21 days) was investigated. GABA treatments resulted in lower glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and higher GABA transaminase (GABA-T) activities in Flowers during cold storage, which was associated with lower GABA content and coincided with higher ATP content. GABA treatments also enhanced accumulation of endogenous glycine betaine (GB) in Flowers during cold storage, as well as higher spathe relative water content (RWC). These findings suggest that GABA treatments may alleviate chilling injury of anthurium Cut Flowers by enhancing GABA shunt pathway activity leading to provide sufficient ATP and promoting endogenous GB accumulation.
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contribution of gaba shunt to chilling tolerance in anthurium Cut Flowers in response to postharvest salicylic acid treatment
Scientia Horticulturae, 2016Co-Authors: Morteza Soleimani Aghdam, Roohangiz Naderi, Parviz Malekzadeh, Abbasali JannatizadehAbstract:Abstract Due to the sensitivity of anthurium Flowers to chilling injury (CI), its favorable temperature storage is 12.5–20 °C. There is evidence that maintaining the functional γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt pathway is crucial for tolerance to postharvest chilling stress by providing energy (ATP) and reducing molecule (NADH) and minimizing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. In this experiment, the impact of salicylic acid (SA) treatment applied by postharvest stem-end dipping (2 mM, 15 min at 20 °C) on GABA shunt pathway activity of anthurium Cut Flowers (cv. Sirion) storage at 4 °C for 21 days were investigated. The anthurium Cut Flowers in response to 2 mM SA treatment displayed significantly higher GABA transaminase (GABA-T) activity during storage at 4 °C for 21 days, which coincided with lower GABA content, leading to Flowers with lower spathe browning. SA treatment enhanced GABA shunt pathway activity, by enhancing GABA-T activity, during storage at 4 °C, lead to consumption of GABA for providing sufficient ATP content associated with the lower H 2 O 2 content. Also, anthurium Cut Flowers in response to SA treatment displayed significantly higher unsaturated/saturated fatty acids (unSFA/SFA) ratio, which can be results not only from higher energy content but also from lower phospholipase D (PLD) and lipoxygenase (LOX) activities. These findings showed that SA treatment at 2 mM maintained functional GABA shunt pathway activity which leads to providing higher ATP, lower H 2 O 2 accumulation, higher unSFA/SFA ratio, proposed that the SA can be applied as an effective procedure for improving anthurium Cut Flowers tolerance to postharvest chilling stress, by enhancing membrane fluidity.
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alleviation of postharvest chilling injury in anthurium Cut Flowers by salicylic acid treatment
Scientia Horticulturae, 2016Co-Authors: Morteza Soleimani Aghdam, Abbasali Jannatizadeh, Morteza Sheikhassadi, Parviz MalekzadehAbstract:Abstract Due to the sensitivity of anthurium Flowers to chilling injury, its optimum temperature storage is 12.5–20 °C. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation during postharvest chilling stress leads to loss of membrane integrity which can be coincided with phenols oxidation by polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity, the enzyme responsible for browning. Higher phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, the enzyme responsible for phenols accumulation, under chilling stress, can act as a defense mechanism overcome chilling stress. In this experiment, the impact of 0, 1, 2 and 4 mM salicylic acid (SA) treatment applied by postharvest stem-end dipping (15 min at 20 °C) on chilling injury of Anthurium andraeanum cv. Sirion Cut Flowers storage at 4 °C for 21 days were investigated. SA treatment delayed spathe browning and retards electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde (MDA) increase. The SA treated anthurium Cut Flowers exhibited significantly higher PAL enzyme activity, associated with lower PPO activity, which were coincided with higher total phenol accumulation and higher DPPH scavenging activity during storage at 4 °C for 21 days. Also, higher DPPH scavenging activity in anthurium Cut Flowers treated with SA can be results from higher antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity. Also, SA treatment enhanced endogenous proline and glycine betaine (GB) accumulation in anthurium Cut Flowers during storage at 4 °C, which was coincided with higher spathe relative water content (RWC). These results suggested that SA treatment can be used as a useful technology for the alleviation of postharvest chilling injury in anthurium Cut Flowers by enhancing total phenol, proline, and GB accumulation coincide with enhancing antioxidant system activity leading to higher membrane integrity showed by lower electrolyte leakage and MDA content.
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enhancement of postharvest chilling tolerance of anthurium Cut Flowers by γ aminobutyric acid gaba treatments
Scientia Horticulturae, 2016Co-Authors: Morteza Soleimani Aghdam, Roohangiz Naderi, Mohammad Ali Askari Sarcheshmeh, Abbasali Jannatizadeh, Mesbah BabalarAbstract:Abstract Anthurium Cut Flowers, originally a tropical flower, cannot easily be stored at low temperatures, due to the risk of chilling injury (CI). In response to chilling stress, increment of phospholipase D (PLD) enzyme activity leads to releasing unsaturated fatty acids, which under peroxidation by lipoxygenase (LOX) results to declining membrane fluidity and manifesting chilling symptoms. In this study, the effects of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) treatment applied by preharvest spraying (1 mM) or postharvest stem-end dipping (5 mM, 15 min at 20 °C) on CI of anthurium Cut Flowers (cv. Sirion) stored at 4 °C for 21 days were investigated. GABA treatment at 1 and 5 mM by pre and postharvest treatment, respectively, significantly delayed spathe browning. The GABA treated anthurium Cut Flowers exhibited significantly lower PLD and LOX activities, which coincided with a higher unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids (unSFA/SFA) ratio. Also, anthurium Cut Flowers treated with GABA showed lower H 2 O 2 accumulation, which results from higher antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR) activity. These results suggest that GABA treatment can be used as a useful procedure for enhancing tolerance of anthurium Cut Flowers to postharvest chilling injury by decreasing PLD and LOX activities coincide with enhancing antioxidant system activity, which lead to lowering ROS accumulation and promoting higher unSFA/SFA ratio and ultimately maintaining membrane integrity.
Roohangiz Naderi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impact of exogenous gaba treatments on endogenous gaba metabolism in anthurium Cut Flowers in response to postharvest chilling temperature
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2016Co-Authors: Morteza Soleimani Aghdam, Roohangiz Naderi, Mohammad Ali Askari Sarcheshmeh, Mesbah Babalar, Abbasali Jannatizadeh, Mojtaba Zamani FaradonbeAbstract:Anthurium Flowers are susceptible to chilling injury, and the optimum storage temperature is 12.5-20 °C. The γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt pathway may alleviate chilling stress in horticultural commodities by providing energy (ATP), reducing molecules (NADH), and minimizing accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this experiment, the impact of a preharvest spray treatment with 1 mM GABA and postharvest treatment of 5 mM GABA stem-end dipping on GABA shunt pathway activity of anthurium Cut Flowers (cv. Sirion) in response to cold storage (4 °C for 21 days) was investigated. GABA treatments resulted in lower glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and higher GABA transaminase (GABA-T) activities in Flowers during cold storage, which was associated with lower GABA content and coincided with higher ATP content. GABA treatments also enhanced accumulation of endogenous glycine betaine (GB) in Flowers during cold storage, as well as higher spathe relative water content (RWC). These findings suggest that GABA treatments may alleviate chilling injury of anthurium Cut Flowers by enhancing GABA shunt pathway activity leading to provide sufficient ATP and promoting endogenous GB accumulation.
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contribution of gaba shunt to chilling tolerance in anthurium Cut Flowers in response to postharvest salicylic acid treatment
Scientia Horticulturae, 2016Co-Authors: Morteza Soleimani Aghdam, Roohangiz Naderi, Parviz Malekzadeh, Abbasali JannatizadehAbstract:Abstract Due to the sensitivity of anthurium Flowers to chilling injury (CI), its favorable temperature storage is 12.5–20 °C. There is evidence that maintaining the functional γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt pathway is crucial for tolerance to postharvest chilling stress by providing energy (ATP) and reducing molecule (NADH) and minimizing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. In this experiment, the impact of salicylic acid (SA) treatment applied by postharvest stem-end dipping (2 mM, 15 min at 20 °C) on GABA shunt pathway activity of anthurium Cut Flowers (cv. Sirion) storage at 4 °C for 21 days were investigated. The anthurium Cut Flowers in response to 2 mM SA treatment displayed significantly higher GABA transaminase (GABA-T) activity during storage at 4 °C for 21 days, which coincided with lower GABA content, leading to Flowers with lower spathe browning. SA treatment enhanced GABA shunt pathway activity, by enhancing GABA-T activity, during storage at 4 °C, lead to consumption of GABA for providing sufficient ATP content associated with the lower H 2 O 2 content. Also, anthurium Cut Flowers in response to SA treatment displayed significantly higher unsaturated/saturated fatty acids (unSFA/SFA) ratio, which can be results not only from higher energy content but also from lower phospholipase D (PLD) and lipoxygenase (LOX) activities. These findings showed that SA treatment at 2 mM maintained functional GABA shunt pathway activity which leads to providing higher ATP, lower H 2 O 2 accumulation, higher unSFA/SFA ratio, proposed that the SA can be applied as an effective procedure for improving anthurium Cut Flowers tolerance to postharvest chilling stress, by enhancing membrane fluidity.
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enhancement of postharvest chilling tolerance of anthurium Cut Flowers by γ aminobutyric acid gaba treatments
Scientia Horticulturae, 2016Co-Authors: Morteza Soleimani Aghdam, Roohangiz Naderi, Mohammad Ali Askari Sarcheshmeh, Abbasali Jannatizadeh, Mesbah BabalarAbstract:Abstract Anthurium Cut Flowers, originally a tropical flower, cannot easily be stored at low temperatures, due to the risk of chilling injury (CI). In response to chilling stress, increment of phospholipase D (PLD) enzyme activity leads to releasing unsaturated fatty acids, which under peroxidation by lipoxygenase (LOX) results to declining membrane fluidity and manifesting chilling symptoms. In this study, the effects of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) treatment applied by preharvest spraying (1 mM) or postharvest stem-end dipping (5 mM, 15 min at 20 °C) on CI of anthurium Cut Flowers (cv. Sirion) stored at 4 °C for 21 days were investigated. GABA treatment at 1 and 5 mM by pre and postharvest treatment, respectively, significantly delayed spathe browning. The GABA treated anthurium Cut Flowers exhibited significantly lower PLD and LOX activities, which coincided with a higher unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids (unSFA/SFA) ratio. Also, anthurium Cut Flowers treated with GABA showed lower H 2 O 2 accumulation, which results from higher antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR) activity. These results suggest that GABA treatment can be used as a useful procedure for enhancing tolerance of anthurium Cut Flowers to postharvest chilling injury by decreasing PLD and LOX activities coincide with enhancing antioxidant system activity, which lead to lowering ROS accumulation and promoting higher unSFA/SFA ratio and ultimately maintaining membrane integrity.
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amelioration of postharvest chilling injury in anthurium Cut Flowers by γ aminobutyric acid gaba treatments
Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Morteza Soleimani Aghdam, Roohangiz Naderi, Mohammad Ali Askari Sarcheshmeh, Mesbah BabalarAbstract:Abstract The optimum temperature storage of anthurium Flowers is 12.5–20 °C because they are very sensitive to chilling injury (CI). CI is associated with the loss of membrane integrity which can be aligned to phenolic oxidation due to polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity, the enzyme responsible for tissue browning. The increment of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, the enzyme responsible for phenols accumulation, in response to chilling stress has been considered as defense mechanism to chilling stress. In this study, the effects of 0, 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mM γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) treatment applied by preharvest spraying or postharvest stem-end dipping (15 min at 20 °C) on CI of anthurium Flowers (cv. Sirion) stored at 4 °C for 21 days was investigated. CI symptoms were accompanied by spathe browning and increase in electrolyte leakage as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) content. GABA treatment at 1 and 5 mM by pre and postharvest treatment, respectively, delayed spathe browning and increases in electrolyte leakage and MDA accumulation. The GABA treated anthurium Cut Flowers exhibited significantly higher PAL enzyme activity, associated with lower PPO activity. Higher PAL enzyme activity in anthurium Cut Flowers treated with GABA coincided with higher total phenol accumulation and higher DPPH scavenging activity than control Flowers during storage at 4 °C for 21 days. Also, proline content in anthurium Cut Flowers treated with GABA was significantly higher than control Flowers during storage. These results suggest that GABA treatment can be used as a useful technology for enhancing tolerance of anthurium Cut Flowers to postharvest chilling injury by increasing total phenol and proline accumulation and decreasing MDA content, and thus maintaining membrane integrity.
