The Experts below are selected from a list of 189 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Margareth Øverland - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Impact of down-stream processing on functional properties of yeasts and the implications on gut health of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
Scientific Reports, 2021Co-Authors: Jeleel Opeyemi Agboola, David Lapeña, Vincent G. H. Eijsink, Margareth Øverland, Marion Schiavone, Byron Morales-lange, Leidy Lagos, Magnus Øverlie Arntzen, Svein Jarle Horn, Liv Torunn MydlandAbstract:Yeasts are becoming popular as novel ingredients in fish feeds because of their potential to support better growth and concomitantly ensure good fish health. Here, three species of yeasts ( Cyberlindnera jadinii , Blastobotrys adeninivorans and Wickerhamomyces anomalus ), grown on wood sugars and hydrolysates of chicken were subjected to two down-stream processes, either direct heat-inactivation or autolysis, and the feed potential of the resulting yeast preparations was assessed through a feeding trial with Atlantic salmon fry. Histological examination of distal intestine based on widening of lamina propria, showed that autolyzed W. anomalus was effective in alleviating mild intestinal enteritis, while only limited effects were observed for other yeasts. Our results showed that the functionality of yeast in counteracting intestinal enteritis in Atlantic salmon was dependent on both the type of yeast and the down-stream processing method, and demonstrated that C. jadinii and W. anomalus have promising effects on gut health of Atlantic salmon.
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Longitudinal analysis of the faecal microbiome in pigs fed Cyberlindnera jadinii yeast as a protein source during the weanling period followed by a rapeseed- and faba bean-based grower-finisher diet
2021Co-Authors: S. Iakhno, Margareth Øverland, Liv Torunn Mydland, Delogu F, Umu Öco, N.p. Kjos, H. SorumAbstract:The porcine gut microbiome is closely connected to diet and is central to animal health and growth. The gut microbiota composition in relation to Cyberlindnera jadinii yeast as a protein source in a weanling diet was studied previously. Also, there is a mounting body of knowledge regarding the porcine gut microbiome composition in response to the use of rapeseed (Brassica napus subsp. napus) meal, and faba beans (Vicia faba) as protein sources during the growing/finishing period. However, there is limited data on how the porcine gut microbiome respond to a combination of C. jadinii yeast in the weanling phase and rapeseed meal and faba beans in the growing/finishing phase. This work investigated how the porcine faecal microbiome was changing in response to a novel yeast diet with a high inclusion of yeast proteins (40% of crude protein) in a weanling diet followed by a diet based on rapeseed meal and faba beans during the growing/finishing period. The feacal microbiomes of the weanling pigs fed yeast were more diverse with higher relative abundance of Firmicutes over Bacteroidetes compared with those of soybean meal-based diet fed weanlings. Reduced numbers of Prevotella in the yeast fed faecal microbiomes remained a microbiome characteristic up until two weeks after the yeast diet was changed to the rapeseed/faba bean growing finishing diet. A number of differentially abundant bacterial phylotypes along with distinct co-occurrence patterns observed during the growing/finishing period indicated the presence of a "carry-over" effect of the yeast weanling diet onto the faecal microbiomes of the grower/finisher pigs.
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Small intestine lactobacilli growth promotion and immunomodulation in weaner pigs fed Cyberlindnera jadinii yeast high inclusion diet and exposed to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F4+: O149
2021Co-Authors: S. Iakhno, Margareth Øverland, Liv Torunn Mydland, Charles Mclean Press, S. S. Hellestveit, O. C. O. Umu, L. T. Bogevik, C. P. Akesson, A. B. Göksu, H. SorumAbstract:Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) F4+: O149 is a causative agent for the development of post-weaning diarrhoea (PWD) in pigs that contributes to production losses. Yeast cell wall components used as a feed additive can modulate gut immunity and help protect animals from enteric infections. This work investigated how a novel yeast diet with high inclusion of yeast proteins (40% of crude protein) affected the course of ETEC mediated diarrhoea in weaner piglets from a farm with or without a history of post-weaning diarrhoea. We found that immune response to F4ab ETEC infection and appetite of the animals were altered by high inclusion C. jadinii yeast. The results indicate that the novel diet can support the diseased animals either directly through the effect of yeast beta-glucans and mannans or indirectly through the promotion of small intestine lactobacilli or both.
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Impact of Down-Stream Processing on Functional Properties of Yeasts in Diets of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar): Implications for Gut Health
2020Co-Authors: Jeleel Opeyemi Agboola, David Lapeña, Magnus Ø. Arntzen, Svein J. Horn, Margareth Øverland, Marion Schiavone, Byron Morales-lange, Leidy Lagos, Eijsink, Liv Torunn MydlandAbstract:Abstract Yeasts are becoming popular as novel ingredients in fish feeds because of their potential to support better growth and concomitantly ensure good fish health. Here, three species of yeasts (Cyberlindnera jadinii, Blastobotrys adeninivorans and Wickerhamomyces anomalus), grown on wood sugars and hydrolysates of chicken were subjected to two down-stream processes, either direct heat-inactivation or autolysis, and the feed potential of the resulting yeast preparations was assessed through a feeding trial with Atlantic salmon fry. Histological examination of distal intestine based on widening of lamina propria, showed that autolyzed W. anomalus was effective in alleviating mild intestinal enteritis, while only limited effects were observed for other yeasts. Our results showed that the functionality of yeast in counteracting intestinal enteritis in Atlantic salmon was dependent on both the type of yeast and the down-stream processing method, and demonstrated that C. jadinii and W. anomalus have promising effects on gut health of Atlantic salmon.
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Cyberlindnera jadinii Yeast as a Protein Source for Weaned Piglets-Impact on Immune Response and Gut Microbiota.
Frontiers in immunology, 2020Co-Authors: Leidy Lagos, Ragnhild Ånestad, Caroline Piercey Åkesson, Charles Mclean Press, Alexander Kashulin Bekkelund, Adrijana Skugor, Margareth ØverlandAbstract:Supplying novel feed ingredients for pig production is crucial to enhance food security and decrease the environmental impact of meat production. Several studies have focused on evaluating the beneficial health effects of yeast in pigs. However, its use as a protein source has been partially addressed. Previously, we have shown that yeast at high inclusion levels maintains growth performance and digestibility, while nutrient digestibility, intestinal villi height and fecal consistency were improved. The present study combined microbiome, short-chain fatty acid, and immune parameter analysis to investigate the effect of high inclusion of yeast in diets for post-weaning piglets. Our results showed that yeast did not have a significant impact on the hematological or biochemical parameters in blood. The different immune cell subpopulations isolated from blood and distal jejunal lymph nodes (DJLN) were analyzed by flow cytometry and showed that yeast diet induced an increased number of the subtype of leukocytes CD45+/CD3-/CD8+, a special type of Natural Killer (NK) cells. Also, a very mild to moderate infiltration of neutrophilic granulocytes and lower IgA level were observed in the colon of yeast fed piglets. The microbiome profiling in different compartments of the gastrointestinal tract of piglets was performed using 16S rRNA metabarcoding. The results showed that 40% replacement of dietary protein had a statistically significant effect on the microbial communities in cecum and colon, while the microbial population in ileum and jejunum were not affected. Analysis of predicted microbial metabolic pathways analysis revealed significant upregulation of short-chain fatty acids, ether lipid metabolisms, secondary bile acids, and several other important biosynthesis pathways in cecum and colon of pigs fed yeast. In conclusion, the results showed that diet containing 40% of yeast protein positively shaped microbial community in the large intestine and increased the number of a specific subpopulation of NK cells in the DJLN. These results showed that yeast modulates the microbiome and decreases the secretion of IgA in the colon of post-weaning pigs.
Liv Torunn Mydland - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Impact of down-stream processing on functional properties of yeasts and the implications on gut health of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
Scientific Reports, 2021Co-Authors: Jeleel Opeyemi Agboola, David Lapeña, Vincent G. H. Eijsink, Margareth Øverland, Marion Schiavone, Byron Morales-lange, Leidy Lagos, Magnus Øverlie Arntzen, Svein Jarle Horn, Liv Torunn MydlandAbstract:Yeasts are becoming popular as novel ingredients in fish feeds because of their potential to support better growth and concomitantly ensure good fish health. Here, three species of yeasts ( Cyberlindnera jadinii , Blastobotrys adeninivorans and Wickerhamomyces anomalus ), grown on wood sugars and hydrolysates of chicken were subjected to two down-stream processes, either direct heat-inactivation or autolysis, and the feed potential of the resulting yeast preparations was assessed through a feeding trial with Atlantic salmon fry. Histological examination of distal intestine based on widening of lamina propria, showed that autolyzed W. anomalus was effective in alleviating mild intestinal enteritis, while only limited effects were observed for other yeasts. Our results showed that the functionality of yeast in counteracting intestinal enteritis in Atlantic salmon was dependent on both the type of yeast and the down-stream processing method, and demonstrated that C. jadinii and W. anomalus have promising effects on gut health of Atlantic salmon.
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Longitudinal analysis of the faecal microbiome in pigs fed Cyberlindnera jadinii yeast as a protein source during the weanling period followed by a rapeseed- and faba bean-based grower-finisher diet
2021Co-Authors: S. Iakhno, Margareth Øverland, Liv Torunn Mydland, Delogu F, Umu Öco, N.p. Kjos, H. SorumAbstract:The porcine gut microbiome is closely connected to diet and is central to animal health and growth. The gut microbiota composition in relation to Cyberlindnera jadinii yeast as a protein source in a weanling diet was studied previously. Also, there is a mounting body of knowledge regarding the porcine gut microbiome composition in response to the use of rapeseed (Brassica napus subsp. napus) meal, and faba beans (Vicia faba) as protein sources during the growing/finishing period. However, there is limited data on how the porcine gut microbiome respond to a combination of C. jadinii yeast in the weanling phase and rapeseed meal and faba beans in the growing/finishing phase. This work investigated how the porcine faecal microbiome was changing in response to a novel yeast diet with a high inclusion of yeast proteins (40% of crude protein) in a weanling diet followed by a diet based on rapeseed meal and faba beans during the growing/finishing period. The feacal microbiomes of the weanling pigs fed yeast were more diverse with higher relative abundance of Firmicutes over Bacteroidetes compared with those of soybean meal-based diet fed weanlings. Reduced numbers of Prevotella in the yeast fed faecal microbiomes remained a microbiome characteristic up until two weeks after the yeast diet was changed to the rapeseed/faba bean growing finishing diet. A number of differentially abundant bacterial phylotypes along with distinct co-occurrence patterns observed during the growing/finishing period indicated the presence of a "carry-over" effect of the yeast weanling diet onto the faecal microbiomes of the grower/finisher pigs.
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Small intestine lactobacilli growth promotion and immunomodulation in weaner pigs fed Cyberlindnera jadinii yeast high inclusion diet and exposed to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F4+: O149
2021Co-Authors: S. Iakhno, Margareth Øverland, Liv Torunn Mydland, Charles Mclean Press, S. S. Hellestveit, O. C. O. Umu, L. T. Bogevik, C. P. Akesson, A. B. Göksu, H. SorumAbstract:Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) F4+: O149 is a causative agent for the development of post-weaning diarrhoea (PWD) in pigs that contributes to production losses. Yeast cell wall components used as a feed additive can modulate gut immunity and help protect animals from enteric infections. This work investigated how a novel yeast diet with high inclusion of yeast proteins (40% of crude protein) affected the course of ETEC mediated diarrhoea in weaner piglets from a farm with or without a history of post-weaning diarrhoea. We found that immune response to F4ab ETEC infection and appetite of the animals were altered by high inclusion C. jadinii yeast. The results indicate that the novel diet can support the diseased animals either directly through the effect of yeast beta-glucans and mannans or indirectly through the promotion of small intestine lactobacilli or both.
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Impact of Down-Stream Processing on Functional Properties of Yeasts in Diets of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar): Implications for Gut Health
2020Co-Authors: Jeleel Opeyemi Agboola, David Lapeña, Magnus Ø. Arntzen, Svein J. Horn, Margareth Øverland, Marion Schiavone, Byron Morales-lange, Leidy Lagos, Eijsink, Liv Torunn MydlandAbstract:Abstract Yeasts are becoming popular as novel ingredients in fish feeds because of their potential to support better growth and concomitantly ensure good fish health. Here, three species of yeasts (Cyberlindnera jadinii, Blastobotrys adeninivorans and Wickerhamomyces anomalus), grown on wood sugars and hydrolysates of chicken were subjected to two down-stream processes, either direct heat-inactivation or autolysis, and the feed potential of the resulting yeast preparations was assessed through a feeding trial with Atlantic salmon fry. Histological examination of distal intestine based on widening of lamina propria, showed that autolyzed W. anomalus was effective in alleviating mild intestinal enteritis, while only limited effects were observed for other yeasts. Our results showed that the functionality of yeast in counteracting intestinal enteritis in Atlantic salmon was dependent on both the type of yeast and the down-stream processing method, and demonstrated that C. jadinii and W. anomalus have promising effects on gut health of Atlantic salmon.
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Cyberlindnera jadinii yeast as a protein source for broiler chickens: effects on growth performance and digestive function from hatching to 30 days of age.
Poultry science, 2020Co-Authors: Ana Rita Girio Da Costa Cruz, Hallgeir Sterten, Franciska S. Steinhoff, Liv Torunn Mydland, Margareth ØverlandAbstract:Abstract Europe is heavily dependent on imported feed protein sources such as soybean meal (SBM); thus, investigating local sustainable alternatives is crucial to increase self-sufficiency. This study evaluated the effects of the inactivated yeast Cyberlindnera jadinii grown on local lignocellulosic sugars on the growth performance and digestive function of Ross 308 broiler chickens. A total of 1,000 male chicks were allocated to 20 pens. There were 5 replicate pens with 50 birds each, from 1 to 30 D after hatch. The birds were offered one conventional wheat–oat–SBM–based control diet and 3 diets with increasing levels of C. jadinii replacing 10, 20, and 30% of dietary crude protein (CP), whereas SBM levels were gradually decreased. The feed intake and weight gain of the birds decreased linearly, and feed conversion ratio increased linearly (P
Chiaki Mukai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The skin mycobiome of an astronaut during a 1-year stay on the International Space Station.
Medical mycology, 2020Co-Authors: Takashi Sugita, Takashi Yamazaki, Otomi Cho, Satoshi Furukawa, Chiaki MukaiAbstract:Analysis of the skin mycobiome of an astronaut during a 1-year stay on the International Space Station (ISS) revealed an increased relative abundance of Malassezia restricta and level of Malassezia colonization, and the presence of Cyberlindnera jadinii and Candida boidinii, uncommon skin mycobiome taxa. Similar observations were made in astronauts during a 6-month stay on the ISS (Med Mycol. 2016; 54: 232-239). Future plans for extended space travel should consider the effect of high levels of Malassezia colonization over long periods on astronauts' skin, and the abnormal proliferation of uncommon microorganisms that may occur in closed environments such as the ISS.
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comprehensive analysis of the skin fungal microbiota of astronauts during a half year stay at the international space station
Medical Mycology, 2016Co-Authors: Takashi Sugita, Takashi Yamazaki, Otomi Cho, Koichi Makimura, Shin Yamada, Hiroshi Ohshima, Chiaki MukaiAbstract:The International Space Station (ISS) is a huge manned construct located approximately 400 km above the earth and is inhabited by astronauts performing space experiments. Because the station is within a closed microgravity environment, the astronauts are subject to consistent stress. This study analyzed the temporal changes in the skin fungal microbiota of 10 astronauts using pyrosequencing and quantitative PCR assay before, during, and after their stay in the ISS. Lipophilic skin fungi, Malassezia predominated most samples regardless of the collection period, body site (cheek or chest), or subject. During their stay in the ISS, the level of Malassezia colonization changed by 7.6- ± 7.5-fold (mean ± standard deviation) and 9.5- ± 24.2-fold in cheek and chest samples, respectively. At the species level, M. restricta, M. globosa, and M. sympodialis were more abundant. In the chest samples, the ratio of M. restricta to all Malassezia species increased, whereas it did not change considerably in cheek samples. Fungal diversity was reduced, and the ratio of Malassezia to all fungal colonization increased during the astronauts' stay at the ISS. The ascomycetous yeast Cyberlindnera jadinii was detected in abundance in the in-flight sample of 5 of the 10 astronauts. The microorganism may have incidentally adhered to the skin during the preflight period and persisted on the skin thereafter. This observation suggests the ability of a specific or uncommon microorganism to proliferate in a closed environment. Our study is the first to reveal temporal changes in the skin fungal microbiota of ISS astronauts. These findings will provide information useful for maintaining the health of astronauts staying in the space environment for long periods and for preventing infection due to the human skin microbiota.
Takashi Sugita - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The skin mycobiome of an astronaut during a 1-year stay on the International Space Station.
Medical mycology, 2020Co-Authors: Takashi Sugita, Takashi Yamazaki, Otomi Cho, Satoshi Furukawa, Chiaki MukaiAbstract:Analysis of the skin mycobiome of an astronaut during a 1-year stay on the International Space Station (ISS) revealed an increased relative abundance of Malassezia restricta and level of Malassezia colonization, and the presence of Cyberlindnera jadinii and Candida boidinii, uncommon skin mycobiome taxa. Similar observations were made in astronauts during a 6-month stay on the ISS (Med Mycol. 2016; 54: 232-239). Future plans for extended space travel should consider the effect of high levels of Malassezia colonization over long periods on astronauts' skin, and the abnormal proliferation of uncommon microorganisms that may occur in closed environments such as the ISS.
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comprehensive analysis of the skin fungal microbiota of astronauts during a half year stay at the international space station
Medical Mycology, 2016Co-Authors: Takashi Sugita, Takashi Yamazaki, Otomi Cho, Koichi Makimura, Shin Yamada, Hiroshi Ohshima, Chiaki MukaiAbstract:The International Space Station (ISS) is a huge manned construct located approximately 400 km above the earth and is inhabited by astronauts performing space experiments. Because the station is within a closed microgravity environment, the astronauts are subject to consistent stress. This study analyzed the temporal changes in the skin fungal microbiota of 10 astronauts using pyrosequencing and quantitative PCR assay before, during, and after their stay in the ISS. Lipophilic skin fungi, Malassezia predominated most samples regardless of the collection period, body site (cheek or chest), or subject. During their stay in the ISS, the level of Malassezia colonization changed by 7.6- ± 7.5-fold (mean ± standard deviation) and 9.5- ± 24.2-fold in cheek and chest samples, respectively. At the species level, M. restricta, M. globosa, and M. sympodialis were more abundant. In the chest samples, the ratio of M. restricta to all Malassezia species increased, whereas it did not change considerably in cheek samples. Fungal diversity was reduced, and the ratio of Malassezia to all fungal colonization increased during the astronauts' stay at the ISS. The ascomycetous yeast Cyberlindnera jadinii was detected in abundance in the in-flight sample of 5 of the 10 astronauts. The microorganism may have incidentally adhered to the skin during the preflight period and persisted on the skin thereafter. This observation suggests the ability of a specific or uncommon microorganism to proliferate in a closed environment. Our study is the first to reveal temporal changes in the skin fungal microbiota of ISS astronauts. These findings will provide information useful for maintaining the health of astronauts staying in the space environment for long periods and for preventing infection due to the human skin microbiota.
Ferry Hagen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Corrigendum: Unequivocal identification of an underestimated opportunistic yeast species, Cyberlindnera fabianii, and its close relatives using a dual-function PCR and literature review of published cases.
Medical mycology, 2019Co-Authors: Amir Arastehfar, Wenjie Fang, Abdullah M. S. Al-hatmi, Mohammad Hosein Afsarian, Farnaz Daneshnia, Mina Bakhtiari, Sara Khanjari Sadati, Hamid Badali, Sadegh Khodavaisy, Ferry HagenAbstract:Although Cyberlindnera fabinaii is a rare opportunist yeast species, its ability to cause septicemia, produce biofilm, and rapid acquisition of resistance to fluconazole and voriconazole, reinforced the urge for its identification from its closely related species. Widely used biochemical assays mainly identify Cyberlindnera fabinaii as Cyberlindnera jadinii and Wickerhamomyces anomalus, resulting in underestimation of this yeast in clinical settings. Moreover, the urge for a reliable molecular means of identification remains unsolved for 28 years. In order to unequivocally differentiate Cy. fabianii, Cy. mississipiensis, Cy. jadinii, and W. anomalus, we designed a dual-function multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Challenging our dual-function multiplex PCR assay with 30 most clinically important yeast species, proved its specificity. Although conventional PCR could differentiate four target species, the real-time PCR counterpart due to Tm overlap misidentified Cy. mississipiensis as Cy. jadinii. Alongside of presenting a comprehensive literature review of published cases of Cy. fabianii from 1990 to 2018, we collected various clinical isolates from Tehran, Shiraz, and Fasa (July 1, 2017, to December 31, 2017) to find a passive relative distribution of these closely-related species in Iran. Subjecting our Iranian collection of yeast isolates to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) MS and LSU and ITS rDNA sequencng revealed six isolates of Cy. fabianii (central venous catheter n = 2 and vaginal swabs n = 4) and one isolate of Cy. jadinii (vaginal swabs). Due to the use of biochemical assays in global ARTEMIS study, we encourage reidentification of clinical isolates of Cy. jadinii and Cy. jadinii using MALDI-TOF or Sanger sequencing that might lead to correcting the distribution of this fungus.
