The Experts below are selected from a list of 219 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Wolfgang Meyerhof - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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blends of non caloric sweeteners saccharin and Cyclamate show reduced off taste due to tas2r bitter receptor inhibition
Chemistry & Biology, 2017Co-Authors: Maik Behrens, Kristina Blank, Wolfgang MeyerhofAbstract:Summary Non-caloric sweeteners are widely used for the formulation of calorie-reduced beverages for health-conscious consumers. However, disadvantages such as undesired off-tastes limit the use of non-nutritive sweeteners. Therefore, the food industry is constantly searching for novel sweeteners and frequently resorts to using blends combining non-caloric sweeteners in a single formulation. The earliest blend allowing higher sweetness levels with reduced bitter off-taste combined saccharin with Cyclamate. However, the mechanism by which sweetener blends become superior to single compounds remained obscure. By functional expression of human bitter taste receptors, we found the explanation for the phenomenon observed ∼60 years ago. We demonstrate that Cyclamate potently blocks the receptors responsible for saccharin's bitter off-taste. This effect occurs at concentrations where Cyclamate itself does not elicit a side taste. Intriguingly, also saccharin inhibits Cyclamate-activated bitter receptors. Our experiments demonstrate that heterologous assays are useful for understanding perceptual phenomena and the development of novel tastant formulations.
Cveto Klofutar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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structures of artificial sweeteners cyclamic acid and sodium Cyclamate with other Cyclamates
Acta Crystallographica Section B-structural Science, 2007Co-Authors: I Leban, Darja Rudantasic, Cveto KlofutarAbstract:In the course of a study on artificial sweeteners, new crystal structures of cyclamic acid, sodium Cyclamate, potassium Cyclamate, ammonium Cyclamate, rubidium Cyclamate and tetra-n-propylammonium Cyclamate have been determined. Cyclamic acid exists in its zwitterionic form in the crystalline state. The zwitterions are connected through hydrogen bonds of the N—H⋯O type to form two-dimensional sheets. The sodium, potassium, ammonium and rubidium Cyclamates are isostructural, with the Cyclamate moieties linked through hydrogen bonds into linear chains. Taking into account the connectivity through cations, two-dimensional layers with a hydrophobic surface are constructed. In tetra(n-propyl)ammonium Cyclamate the large, non-coordinating cation apparently prevents the formation of chains and thereby facilitates the centrosymmetric head-to-head discrete dimeric arrangement of the Cyclamate moieties.
Susan M Sieber - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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long term toxicity and carcinogenicity study of Cyclamate in nonhuman primates
Toxicological Sciences, 2000Co-Authors: Shozo Takayama, A G Renwick, S L Johansson, U P Thorgeirsson, M Tsutsumi, D W Dalgard, Susan M SieberAbstract:Twenty-one monkeys (cynomolgus, rhesus, African green) were fed Cyclamate (100 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg) in the diet five times per week from a few days after birth and continuing for up to 24 years. Malignant tumors were diagnosed in three 24-year-old Cyclamate monkeys; these were metastatic colon carcinoma (rhesus; 500 mg/kg), metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (cynomolgus; 500 mg/kg), and a small, well differentiated adenocarcinoma of the prostate (cynomolgus; 100 mg/kg). Benign tumors were found at necropsy in three females; these were adenoma of the thyroid gland (rhesus; 100 mg/kg) and two cases of leiomyoma of the uterus (rhesus; 100 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg). No tumors were detected in an age-matched control group of 16 monkeys. Examination of the testes revealed complete testicular atrophy in one of the old Cyclamate monkeys, and focal germ cell aplasia (Sertoli-only tubules) in two other Cyclamate monkeys. Focal spermatogenic interruption (maturation arrest) at various germ cell levels mixed with normal spermatogenesis was observed in both the Cyclamate-treated and the control monkeys, all of which were over 20 years old. Measurements of terminal cyclohexylamine concentrations showed that three of the males dosed with Cyclamate at 500 mg/kg were high converters, with plasma concentrations comparable to the levels that produce testicular atrophy in rats. However, only one of the three high converters showed histologic evidence of irregular spermatogenesis. The overall conclusion is that the testicular abnormalities and the sporadic cases of different malignancies found after more than 20 years of dosing do not provide clear evidence of a toxic or carcinogenic effect of sodium Cyclamate in monkeys.
Peng Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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toxicity of food sweetener sodium Cyclamate on osteoblasts cells
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2019Co-Authors: Zhenhua Chen, Guanyu Chen, Kang Zhou, Peng ZhangAbstract:Abstract In this paper, the effect of commonly used food sweetener (sodium Cyclamate) on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts has been researched. The morophology change of osteoblasts was investigated by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Cell viability was studied by MTT analysis. BMP2 expression was analyzed by western blot and immunofluorescence. Mineralization ability of osteoblasts was researched by using alizarin red staining method. The results indicate that a very low concentration (0.06 μM) of sodium Cyclamate can curle and fold microfilament and microtubule of osteoblasts. The increase addition of sodium Cyclamate resulted significantly decrease of cells viability. The expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) was seriously suppressed by sodium Cyclamate. Alizarin Red staining experiment revealed that sodium Cyclamate decreased the mineralization ability of osteoblasts. The present results suggest that sodium Cyclamate can seriously inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts.
Miguel De La Guardia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a clean method for flow injection spectrophotometric determination of Cyclamate in table sweeteners
Analytica Chimica Acta, 2005Co-Authors: Fabio R P Rocha, Eva Rodenastorralba, Angel Moralesrubio, Miguel De La GuardiaAbstract:Abstract A flow system based on the multicommutation is proposed for fast and clean determination of Cyclamate. The procedure exploits the reaction of Cyclamate with nitrite in acidic medium and the spectrophotometric determination of the excess of nitrite by iodometry. The flow system was designed with a set of solenoid micro-pumps to minimize reagent consumption and waste generation. The detection limit was estimated as 30 μmol L −1 (99.7% confidence level) with linear response ranging up to 3.0 mmol L −1 . The coefficient of variation was estimated as 1.7% for a solution containing 2.0 mmol L −1 Cyclamate ( n = 20). About 60 samples can be analyzed per hour, consuming only 3 mg KI and 1.3 μg NaNO 2 , and generating 2.0 mL of effluent per determination, thus providing an environmentally friendly alternative to previously proposed procedures. Common artificial and natural sweeteners did not interfere when present in concentrations 10-times higher than Cyclamate. The procedure was successfully applied for determination of Cyclamate in artificial table sweeteners with results in agreement with the reference method at the 95% confidence level.
