The Experts below are selected from a list of 327 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Heidrun I Wergeland - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pathogenicity of pasteurella sp in lumpsuckers Cyclopterus Lumpus l
Journal of Fish Diseases, 2019Co-Authors: Rebecca Marie Ellul, Gyri Teien Haugland, Heidrun I Wergeland, Cecilie Walde, Anita RønnesethAbstract:The incidence of disease caused by Pasteurella sp. in farmed lumpsuckers in Norway has been steadily increasing in recent years, causing significant economic losses and fish welfare issues. The disease affects all life stages, both in hatcheries and after release into salmon cages. Therefore, it is important to establish robust challenge models, to be used for vaccine development. Exposure experiments via intramuscular and intraperitoneal injection underlined the high virulence of the bacteria, whereas the cohabitation and bath models allowed the chronic symptoms of the disease to be studied more accurately. Skin lesions and haemorrhage at the base of fins were observed in the more acute cases of the disease. Symptoms including white spots over the skin, especially around the eyes, characterized the chronic cases. The latter were most prominent from the bath challenge model. Histopathology indicated a systemic pattern of disease, whereas qPCR analysis from head kidney showed that bacteria may be present in survivor fish at the end of the challenges. In all the challenge models investigated, Pasteurella sp. was re-isolated from the fish, thus fulfilling Koch's postulates. These findings highlight the importance of screening of lumpsuckers prior to transfer to minimize the risks of carrying over asymptomatic carriers.
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Transcriptome-wide mapping of signaling pathways and early immune responses in lumpfish leukocytes upon in vitro bacterial exposure
Nature Publishing Group, 2018Co-Authors: Håvard Ø. Eggestøl, Anita Rønneseth, Duncan J Colquhoun, Heidrun I Wergeland, Harald S Lunde, David Fredman, Kjell Petersen, Charitra K. Mishra, Tomasz Furmanek, Gyri T. HauglandAbstract:Abstract We performed RNA sequencing, identified components of the immune system and mapped early immune responses of lumpfish (Cyclopterus Lumpus) leukocytes following in vitro exposure to the pathogenic bacterium Vibrio anguillarum O1. This is the first characterization of immune molecules in lumpfish at the gene level. In silico analyses revealed that genes encoding proteins involved in pathogen recognition, cell signaling and cytokines in mammals and teleosts are conserved in lumpfish. Unique molecules were also identified. Pathogen recognition components include 13 TLRs, several NLRs and complement factors. Transcriptome-wide analyses of immune responses 6 and 24 hours post bacterial exposure revealed differential expression of 9033 and 15225 genes, respectively. These included TLR5S, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-6, TNFα, IL-17A/F3, IL-17C and several components of the complement system. The data generated will be valuable for comparative studies and make an important basis for further functional analyses of immune and pathogenicity mechanisms. Such knowledge is also important for design of immunoprophylactic measures in lumpfish, a species of fish now farmed intensively for use as cleaner-fish in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) aquaculture
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protection and antibody reactivity following vaccination of lumpfish Cyclopterus Lumpus l against atypical aeromonas salmonicida
Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2017Co-Authors: Anita Rønneseth, Gyri Teien Haugland, Espen Brudal, Duncan J Colquhoun, Heidrun I WergelandAbstract:Atypical Aeromonas salmonicida is frequently associated with disease and mortality in farmed lumpfish (Cyclopterus Lumpus L). Challenge experiments using different modes of exposure identified both high and low pathogenic isolates. Intraperitoneal vaccination induced production of high levels of specific antibodies particularly in fish given multiple injections. The immune sera contained antibodies cross reactive with both high and low pathogenic isolates. SDS-PAGE and LC/MSMS analyses showed that the highly virulent isolate expressed the virulence array protein (A-layer) while the less virulent isolate did not. Vaccines, containing the highly virulent isolate, formulated as a monovalent or as a trivalent vaccine, provided 73 and 60 relative percent survival (RPS) respectively, following intraperitoneal challenge. The detection of high levels of specific antibodies in immune sera and the protection provided by the test vaccines strongly indicate that it is possible to vaccinate lumpfish against atypical A. salmonicida and most probably also against other infectious bacterial diseases.
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Development of anaesthetic protocols for lumpfish (Cyclopterus Lumpus L.): Effect of anaesthetic concentrations, sea water temperature and body weight
2017Co-Authors: Malene W. Skår, Heidrun I Wergeland, Gyri T. Haugland, Mark D. Powell, Ole B. SamuelsenAbstract:In recent years, use of lumpfish (Cyclopterus Lumpus L.) as cleaner-fish to remove sea-lice have been chosen by many salmon farmers in Europe and Canada as an alternative to medical treatment, which has led to large scale production of lumpfish. At present, there is limited knowledge of how lumpfish respond upon anaesthesia, which anaesthetics and concentrations that are efficient and conditions for euthanasia. We have therefore tested and developed protocols for bath immersion for three commonly used anaesthetics metacaine (Finquel, buffered tricaine methanesulfonate, MS-222 and Tricaine Pharmaq), benzocaine (Benzoak vet) and isoeugenol (Aqui-S), determined concentration for normal and fast anaesthesia and evaluated safety margin for each condition. Also, a behavioral matrix has been developed. We have examined the effect of fish size (10–20 g, 200–400 g and 600–1300 g) and sea water temperature (6°C and 12°C). We found that 200 mg L-1 metacaine is an efficient dose for deep narcosis independently for fish size and temperature due to good safety margins with regards to both exposure times and doses. However, for many tasks lighter anaesthesia is sufficient, and then 100 mg L-1 metacaine can be used. Benzocaine is less efficient than metacaine, but can be used as anaesthetic of fish < 400 g. The optimal doses of benzocaine were 100–200 mg L-1 for small fish (10–20 g) and 200 mg L-1 for medium sized fish (200–400 g). For larger fish (> 600 g), benzocaine is not suitable. Isoeugenol cannot be recommended for full anesthesia of lumpfish. The conditions for lethal doses varied with chosen anaesthetic, fish size and temperature. For small fish (10–20 g), exposure to 1600 mgL-1 of metacaine in 10 minutes it lethal. Guided protocols for non-lethal anaesthesia will contribute to ensure safe treatment of lumpfish according to an ethical standard for good fish welfare.
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vaccination and adaptive immune response of lumpfish Cyclopterus Lumpus l
Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2016Co-Authors: Anita Rønneseth, Gyri Teien Haugland, Espen Brudal, Duncan J Colquhoun, Heidrun I WergelandAbstract:Farmed lumpfish (Cyclopterus Lumpus L.) is with great success used for biological control of salmon louse (Lepeoptheirus salmonis). Along with the rapid increase in the farming of lumpfish in Norway bacterial disease problems has emerged. The most commonly isolated pathogenic agents are Vibrio sp., atypical Aeromonas salmonicida and Pasteurella sp. To further the efficiency of the use of lumpfish in the net pens, efficient vaccines are required. Analysis of the lumpfish adaptive immune responses upon immunization and vaccination indicate that vaccination will be successful for this species.
Gyri Teien Haugland - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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interleukin 1 ligands and receptors in lumpfish Cyclopterus Lumpus l molecular characterization phylogeny gene expression and transcriptome analyses
Frontiers in Immunology, 2020Co-Authors: Havard Oritsland Eggestol, Harald S Lunde, Tim Martin Knutsen, Gyri Teien HauglandAbstract:The interleukin (IL)-1 family play a fundamental role as immune system modulators. Our previous transcriptome-analyses of leukocytes from lumpfish (Cyclopterus Lumpus L.) showed that IL-1β was among the most highly upregulated genes following bacterial exposure. In the present study, we characterized IL-1 signaling pathways, identified and characterized four ligands of the IL-1 family in lumpfish; IL-1β type I and type II, IL-18, and the novel IL-1 family members (nIL-1F), both at mRNA and gene levels. The two IL-1β in lumpfish is termed IL-1β1 (type II) and IL-1β2 (type I). Furthermore, a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of 277 IL-1 ligands showed that nIL-1F, in common with IL-1β, likely represents an ancestral gene, as representatives for nIL-1F were found in cartilaginous and lobe-finned fish, in addition to teleosts. This shows that nIL-1F is not exclusively present in teleosts as previously suggested. Our analyses of exon-intron structures, intron phases, phylogeny and synteny clearly show the separation of IL-1β into groups; type I and type II, which likely is a result of the third whole genome duplication (3R WGD). The phylogenetic analysis shows that most teleosts have both type I and type II. Furthermore, we have determined transcription levels of the IL-1 ligands in leukocytes and 16 different tissues, and their responses upon in vitro stimulation with seven different ligands. In addition, we have identified the IL-1 receptors IL-1R1, IL-1R2, IL-1R4 (ST2/IL-33 receptor/IL-1RL), IL-1R5 (IL-18R1), and partial sequences of DIGIRR and IL-1R3 (IL-RAcP). Identification of immune molecules and description of innate responses in lumpfish is interesting for comparative and evolutionary studies and our study constitutes a solid basis for further functional analyses of IL-1 ligands and receptors in lumpfish. Furthermore, since lumpfish are now farmed in large numbers to be used as cleaner fish for removal of sea lice on farmed salmon, in-depth knowledge of key immune molecules, signaling pathways and innate immune responses is needed, as the basis for design of efficient immune prophylactic measures such as vaccination.
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pathogenicity of pasteurella sp in lumpsuckers Cyclopterus Lumpus l
Journal of Fish Diseases, 2019Co-Authors: Rebecca Marie Ellul, Gyri Teien Haugland, Heidrun I Wergeland, Cecilie Walde, Anita RønnesethAbstract:The incidence of disease caused by Pasteurella sp. in farmed lumpsuckers in Norway has been steadily increasing in recent years, causing significant economic losses and fish welfare issues. The disease affects all life stages, both in hatcheries and after release into salmon cages. Therefore, it is important to establish robust challenge models, to be used for vaccine development. Exposure experiments via intramuscular and intraperitoneal injection underlined the high virulence of the bacteria, whereas the cohabitation and bath models allowed the chronic symptoms of the disease to be studied more accurately. Skin lesions and haemorrhage at the base of fins were observed in the more acute cases of the disease. Symptoms including white spots over the skin, especially around the eyes, characterized the chronic cases. The latter were most prominent from the bath challenge model. Histopathology indicated a systemic pattern of disease, whereas qPCR analysis from head kidney showed that bacteria may be present in survivor fish at the end of the challenges. In all the challenge models investigated, Pasteurella sp. was re-isolated from the fish, thus fulfilling Koch's postulates. These findings highlight the importance of screening of lumpsuckers prior to transfer to minimize the risks of carrying over asymptomatic carriers.
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protection and antibody reactivity following vaccination of lumpfish Cyclopterus Lumpus l against atypical aeromonas salmonicida
Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2017Co-Authors: Anita Rønneseth, Gyri Teien Haugland, Espen Brudal, Duncan J Colquhoun, Heidrun I WergelandAbstract:Atypical Aeromonas salmonicida is frequently associated with disease and mortality in farmed lumpfish (Cyclopterus Lumpus L). Challenge experiments using different modes of exposure identified both high and low pathogenic isolates. Intraperitoneal vaccination induced production of high levels of specific antibodies particularly in fish given multiple injections. The immune sera contained antibodies cross reactive with both high and low pathogenic isolates. SDS-PAGE and LC/MSMS analyses showed that the highly virulent isolate expressed the virulence array protein (A-layer) while the less virulent isolate did not. Vaccines, containing the highly virulent isolate, formulated as a monovalent or as a trivalent vaccine, provided 73 and 60 relative percent survival (RPS) respectively, following intraperitoneal challenge. The detection of high levels of specific antibodies in immune sera and the protection provided by the test vaccines strongly indicate that it is possible to vaccinate lumpfish against atypical A. salmonicida and most probably also against other infectious bacterial diseases.
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Lumpfish (Cyclopterus Lumpus L.) develop amoebic gill disease (AGD) after experimental challenge with Paramoeba perurans and can transfer amoebae to Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)
Aquaculture, 2017Co-Authors: Gyri Teien Haugland, Anne Berit Olsen, Anita Rønneseth, Linda AndersenAbstract:Abstract Cleaner fish such as lumpfish (Cyclopterus Lumpus L.) and ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta A.) are increasingly used to delouse farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). In 2014, > 20 million cleaner fish were placed into net-pens with farmed salmon in Norway. Amoebic gill disease (AGD), caused by the opportunistic, parasitic amoeba Paramoeba perurans, is emerging in salmon farming in Northern Europe. The amoeba displays low host specificity as it has been isolated from a range of fish species in addition to salmonids, such as wrasse and lumpfish cohabitating with farmed salmon. It is, however, not known to which degree lumpfish respond to P. perurans challenge, to which extent lumpfish may develop AGD, and if they can function as a vector for the spread of P. perurans to salmon. The present study shows that lumpfish can be infected with P. perurans under experimental conditions and develop AGD. However, lumpfish are more resistant and the development of pathology is slower compared to salmon. It is also shown that lumpfish can act as carriers and transmit parasitic amoebae to Atlantic salmon. Importantly, it is demonstrated that the gill lesion score system extensively used for evaluating AGD in Atlantic salmon is less suitable for lumpfish infected with P. perurans as the disease develops more slowly in lumpfish and because lumpfish may be non-symptomatic carriers. Statement of relevance 1) The last few years, lumpfish have been used as cleaner fish in order to delouse farmed Atlantic salmon. However, nothing is yet known about its susceptibility to the parasitic amoeba P. perurans. 2) Currently, nothing is known about amoebic gill disease (AGD) development in lumpfish and the possibility that amoeba may be transferred from lumpfish to salmon. 3) There is currently little information about the pathology (macroscopic and histological changes) in lumpfish. 4) We have found that the commonly used gill scoring system for salmon is not applicable for lumpfish, and we recommend that the lumpfish is screened, not scored before transfer to net-pens with salmon.
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vaccination and adaptive immune response of lumpfish Cyclopterus Lumpus l
Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2016Co-Authors: Anita Rønneseth, Gyri Teien Haugland, Espen Brudal, Duncan J Colquhoun, Heidrun I WergelandAbstract:Farmed lumpfish (Cyclopterus Lumpus L.) is with great success used for biological control of salmon louse (Lepeoptheirus salmonis). Along with the rapid increase in the farming of lumpfish in Norway bacterial disease problems has emerged. The most commonly isolated pathogenic agents are Vibrio sp., atypical Aeromonas salmonicida and Pasteurella sp. To further the efficiency of the use of lumpfish in the net pens, efficient vaccines are required. Analysis of the lumpfish adaptive immune responses upon immunization and vaccination indicate that vaccination will be successful for this species.
Anita Rønneseth - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pathogenicity of pasteurella sp in lumpsuckers Cyclopterus Lumpus l
Journal of Fish Diseases, 2019Co-Authors: Rebecca Marie Ellul, Gyri Teien Haugland, Heidrun I Wergeland, Cecilie Walde, Anita RønnesethAbstract:The incidence of disease caused by Pasteurella sp. in farmed lumpsuckers in Norway has been steadily increasing in recent years, causing significant economic losses and fish welfare issues. The disease affects all life stages, both in hatcheries and after release into salmon cages. Therefore, it is important to establish robust challenge models, to be used for vaccine development. Exposure experiments via intramuscular and intraperitoneal injection underlined the high virulence of the bacteria, whereas the cohabitation and bath models allowed the chronic symptoms of the disease to be studied more accurately. Skin lesions and haemorrhage at the base of fins were observed in the more acute cases of the disease. Symptoms including white spots over the skin, especially around the eyes, characterized the chronic cases. The latter were most prominent from the bath challenge model. Histopathology indicated a systemic pattern of disease, whereas qPCR analysis from head kidney showed that bacteria may be present in survivor fish at the end of the challenges. In all the challenge models investigated, Pasteurella sp. was re-isolated from the fish, thus fulfilling Koch's postulates. These findings highlight the importance of screening of lumpsuckers prior to transfer to minimize the risks of carrying over asymptomatic carriers.
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Transcriptome-wide mapping of signaling pathways and early immune responses in lumpfish leukocytes upon in vitro bacterial exposure
Nature Publishing Group, 2018Co-Authors: Håvard Ø. Eggestøl, Anita Rønneseth, Duncan J Colquhoun, Heidrun I Wergeland, Harald S Lunde, David Fredman, Kjell Petersen, Charitra K. Mishra, Tomasz Furmanek, Gyri T. HauglandAbstract:Abstract We performed RNA sequencing, identified components of the immune system and mapped early immune responses of lumpfish (Cyclopterus Lumpus) leukocytes following in vitro exposure to the pathogenic bacterium Vibrio anguillarum O1. This is the first characterization of immune molecules in lumpfish at the gene level. In silico analyses revealed that genes encoding proteins involved in pathogen recognition, cell signaling and cytokines in mammals and teleosts are conserved in lumpfish. Unique molecules were also identified. Pathogen recognition components include 13 TLRs, several NLRs and complement factors. Transcriptome-wide analyses of immune responses 6 and 24 hours post bacterial exposure revealed differential expression of 9033 and 15225 genes, respectively. These included TLR5S, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-6, TNFα, IL-17A/F3, IL-17C and several components of the complement system. The data generated will be valuable for comparative studies and make an important basis for further functional analyses of immune and pathogenicity mechanisms. Such knowledge is also important for design of immunoprophylactic measures in lumpfish, a species of fish now farmed intensively for use as cleaner-fish in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) aquaculture
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protection and antibody reactivity following vaccination of lumpfish Cyclopterus Lumpus l against atypical aeromonas salmonicida
Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2017Co-Authors: Anita Rønneseth, Gyri Teien Haugland, Espen Brudal, Duncan J Colquhoun, Heidrun I WergelandAbstract:Atypical Aeromonas salmonicida is frequently associated with disease and mortality in farmed lumpfish (Cyclopterus Lumpus L). Challenge experiments using different modes of exposure identified both high and low pathogenic isolates. Intraperitoneal vaccination induced production of high levels of specific antibodies particularly in fish given multiple injections. The immune sera contained antibodies cross reactive with both high and low pathogenic isolates. SDS-PAGE and LC/MSMS analyses showed that the highly virulent isolate expressed the virulence array protein (A-layer) while the less virulent isolate did not. Vaccines, containing the highly virulent isolate, formulated as a monovalent or as a trivalent vaccine, provided 73 and 60 relative percent survival (RPS) respectively, following intraperitoneal challenge. The detection of high levels of specific antibodies in immune sera and the protection provided by the test vaccines strongly indicate that it is possible to vaccinate lumpfish against atypical A. salmonicida and most probably also against other infectious bacterial diseases.
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Lumpfish (Cyclopterus Lumpus L.) develop amoebic gill disease (AGD) after experimental challenge with Paramoeba perurans and can transfer amoebae to Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)
Aquaculture, 2017Co-Authors: Gyri Teien Haugland, Anne Berit Olsen, Anita Rønneseth, Linda AndersenAbstract:Abstract Cleaner fish such as lumpfish (Cyclopterus Lumpus L.) and ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta A.) are increasingly used to delouse farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). In 2014, > 20 million cleaner fish were placed into net-pens with farmed salmon in Norway. Amoebic gill disease (AGD), caused by the opportunistic, parasitic amoeba Paramoeba perurans, is emerging in salmon farming in Northern Europe. The amoeba displays low host specificity as it has been isolated from a range of fish species in addition to salmonids, such as wrasse and lumpfish cohabitating with farmed salmon. It is, however, not known to which degree lumpfish respond to P. perurans challenge, to which extent lumpfish may develop AGD, and if they can function as a vector for the spread of P. perurans to salmon. The present study shows that lumpfish can be infected with P. perurans under experimental conditions and develop AGD. However, lumpfish are more resistant and the development of pathology is slower compared to salmon. It is also shown that lumpfish can act as carriers and transmit parasitic amoebae to Atlantic salmon. Importantly, it is demonstrated that the gill lesion score system extensively used for evaluating AGD in Atlantic salmon is less suitable for lumpfish infected with P. perurans as the disease develops more slowly in lumpfish and because lumpfish may be non-symptomatic carriers. Statement of relevance 1) The last few years, lumpfish have been used as cleaner fish in order to delouse farmed Atlantic salmon. However, nothing is yet known about its susceptibility to the parasitic amoeba P. perurans. 2) Currently, nothing is known about amoebic gill disease (AGD) development in lumpfish and the possibility that amoeba may be transferred from lumpfish to salmon. 3) There is currently little information about the pathology (macroscopic and histological changes) in lumpfish. 4) We have found that the commonly used gill scoring system for salmon is not applicable for lumpfish, and we recommend that the lumpfish is screened, not scored before transfer to net-pens with salmon.
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vaccination and adaptive immune response of lumpfish Cyclopterus Lumpus l
Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2016Co-Authors: Anita Rønneseth, Gyri Teien Haugland, Espen Brudal, Duncan J Colquhoun, Heidrun I WergelandAbstract:Farmed lumpfish (Cyclopterus Lumpus L.) is with great success used for biological control of salmon louse (Lepeoptheirus salmonis). Along with the rapid increase in the farming of lumpfish in Norway bacterial disease problems has emerged. The most commonly isolated pathogenic agents are Vibrio sp., atypical Aeromonas salmonicida and Pasteurella sp. To further the efficiency of the use of lumpfish in the net pens, efficient vaccines are required. Analysis of the lumpfish adaptive immune responses upon immunization and vaccination indicate that vaccination will be successful for this species.
Niccolò Vendramin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Characterization of ranaviruses isolated from lumpfish Cyclopterus Lumpus L. in the North Atlantic area: proposal for a new ranavirus species (European North Atlantic Ranavirus)
The Journal of general virology, 2019Co-Authors: Hannah E. B. Stagg, Sigríður Guðmundsdóttir, Niccolò Vendramin, Neil M. Ruane, Heiða Sigurðardóttir, Debes H Christiansen, Argelia Cuenca, Petra E Petersen, Eann S. Munro, Vsevolod L. PopovAbstract:The commercial production of lumpfish Cyclopterus Lumpus L. is expanding with the increased demand for their use as cleaner fish, to control sea-lice numbers, at marine Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. aquaculture sites throughout Northern Europe. A new ranavirus has been isolated from lumpfish at multiple locations in the North Atlantic area. First isolated in 2014 in the Faroe Islands, the virus has subsequently been found in lumpfish from Iceland in 2015 and from Scotland and Ireland in 2016. The Icelandic lumpfish ranavirus has been characterized by immunofluorescent antibody test, optimal growth conditions and transmission electron microscopy. Partial sequences of the major capsid protein gene from 12 isolates showed 99.79-100% nt identity between the lumpfish ranaviruses. Complete genome sequencing from three of the isolates and phylogenetic analysis based on the concatenated 26 iridovirus core genes suggest these lumpfish ranavirus isolates form a distinct clade with ranaviruses from cod Gadus morhua L. and turbot Scophthalmus maximus L. isolated in Denmark in 1979 and 1999, respectively. These data suggest that these viruses should be grouped together as a new ranavirus species, European North Atlantic Ranavirus, which encompasses ranaviruses isolated from marine fishes in European North Atlantic waters.
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Lumpfish (Cyclopterus Lumpus, Linnaeus) is susceptible to viral nervous necrosis: Result of an experimental infection with different genotypes of Betanodavirus.
Journal of fish diseases, 2019Co-Authors: Anna Toffan, Argelia Cuenca, Maria De Salvador, Felix Scholz, Tobia Pretto, Alessandra Buratin, Hamish D. Rodger, Marica Toson, Niccolò VendraminAbstract:In recent years, the use of cleaner fish for biological control of sea lice has increased considerably. Along with this, a number of infectious diseases have emerged. The aim of this study was to investigate the susceptibility of lumpfish (Cyclopterus Lumpus) to Betanodavirus since it was detected in asymptomatic wild wrasses in Norway and Sweden. Three betanodaviruses were used to challenge lumpfish: one RGNNV genotype and two BFNNV genotypes. Fish were injected and monitored for 4 weeks. Brain samples from clinically affected specimens, from weekly randomly selected fish and survivors were subjected to molecular testing, viral isolation, histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Reduced survival was observed but was attributed to tail-biting behaviour, since no nervous signs were observed throughout the study. Betanodavirus RNA was detected in all samples, additionally suggesting an active replication of the virus in the brain. Viral isolation confirmed molecular biology results and revealed a high viral titre in BFNNV-infected groups associated with typical lesions in brains and eyes of survivor fish. We concluded that lumpfish are susceptible to Betanodavirus, as proven by the high viral titre and brain lesions detected, but further studies are necessary to understand if Betanodavirus can cause clinical disease in this species.
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outbreak of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia vhs in lumpfish Cyclopterus Lumpus in iceland caused by vhs virus genotype iv
Journal of Fish Diseases, 2019Co-Authors: Sigríður Guðmundsdóttir, Niccolò Vendramin, Heiða Sigurðardóttir, Argelia Cuenca, Arni Kristmundsson, Tine Iburg, Niels Jorgen OlesenAbstract:A novel viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) of genotype IV was isolated from wild lumpfish (Cyclopterus Lumpus), brought to a land-based farm in Iceland, to serve as broodfish. Two groups of lumpfish juveniles, kept in tanks in the same facility, got infected. The virus isolated was identified as VHSV by ELISA and real-time RT-PCR. Phylogenetic analysis, based on the glycoprotein (G) gene sequences, may indicate a novel subgroup of VHSV genotype IV. In controlled laboratory exposure studies with this new isolate, there was 3% survival in the I.P. injection challenged group while there was 90% survival in the immersion group. VHSV was not re-isolated from fish challenged by immersion. In a cohabitation trial, lumpfish infected I.P. (shedders) were placed in tanks with naive lumpfish as well as naive Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). 10% of the lumpfish shedders and 43%-50% of the cohabiting lumpfish survived after 4 weeks. 80%-92% of the Atlantic salmon survived, but no viral RNA was detected by real-time RT-PCR nor VHSV was isolated from Atlantic salmon. This is the first isolation of a notifiable virus in Iceland and the first report of VHSV of genotype IV in European waters.
Argelia Cuenca - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Characterization of ranaviruses isolated from lumpfish Cyclopterus Lumpus L. in the North Atlantic area: proposal for a new ranavirus species (European North Atlantic Ranavirus)
The Journal of general virology, 2019Co-Authors: Hannah E. B. Stagg, Sigríður Guðmundsdóttir, Niccolò Vendramin, Neil M. Ruane, Heiða Sigurðardóttir, Debes H Christiansen, Argelia Cuenca, Petra E Petersen, Eann S. Munro, Vsevolod L. PopovAbstract:The commercial production of lumpfish Cyclopterus Lumpus L. is expanding with the increased demand for their use as cleaner fish, to control sea-lice numbers, at marine Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. aquaculture sites throughout Northern Europe. A new ranavirus has been isolated from lumpfish at multiple locations in the North Atlantic area. First isolated in 2014 in the Faroe Islands, the virus has subsequently been found in lumpfish from Iceland in 2015 and from Scotland and Ireland in 2016. The Icelandic lumpfish ranavirus has been characterized by immunofluorescent antibody test, optimal growth conditions and transmission electron microscopy. Partial sequences of the major capsid protein gene from 12 isolates showed 99.79-100% nt identity between the lumpfish ranaviruses. Complete genome sequencing from three of the isolates and phylogenetic analysis based on the concatenated 26 iridovirus core genes suggest these lumpfish ranavirus isolates form a distinct clade with ranaviruses from cod Gadus morhua L. and turbot Scophthalmus maximus L. isolated in Denmark in 1979 and 1999, respectively. These data suggest that these viruses should be grouped together as a new ranavirus species, European North Atlantic Ranavirus, which encompasses ranaviruses isolated from marine fishes in European North Atlantic waters.
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Lumpfish (Cyclopterus Lumpus, Linnaeus) is susceptible to viral nervous necrosis: Result of an experimental infection with different genotypes of Betanodavirus.
Journal of fish diseases, 2019Co-Authors: Anna Toffan, Argelia Cuenca, Maria De Salvador, Felix Scholz, Tobia Pretto, Alessandra Buratin, Hamish D. Rodger, Marica Toson, Niccolò VendraminAbstract:In recent years, the use of cleaner fish for biological control of sea lice has increased considerably. Along with this, a number of infectious diseases have emerged. The aim of this study was to investigate the susceptibility of lumpfish (Cyclopterus Lumpus) to Betanodavirus since it was detected in asymptomatic wild wrasses in Norway and Sweden. Three betanodaviruses were used to challenge lumpfish: one RGNNV genotype and two BFNNV genotypes. Fish were injected and monitored for 4 weeks. Brain samples from clinically affected specimens, from weekly randomly selected fish and survivors were subjected to molecular testing, viral isolation, histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Reduced survival was observed but was attributed to tail-biting behaviour, since no nervous signs were observed throughout the study. Betanodavirus RNA was detected in all samples, additionally suggesting an active replication of the virus in the brain. Viral isolation confirmed molecular biology results and revealed a high viral titre in BFNNV-infected groups associated with typical lesions in brains and eyes of survivor fish. We concluded that lumpfish are susceptible to Betanodavirus, as proven by the high viral titre and brain lesions detected, but further studies are necessary to understand if Betanodavirus can cause clinical disease in this species.
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outbreak of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia vhs in lumpfish Cyclopterus Lumpus in iceland caused by vhs virus genotype iv
Journal of Fish Diseases, 2019Co-Authors: Sigríður Guðmundsdóttir, Niccolò Vendramin, Heiða Sigurðardóttir, Argelia Cuenca, Arni Kristmundsson, Tine Iburg, Niels Jorgen OlesenAbstract:A novel viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) of genotype IV was isolated from wild lumpfish (Cyclopterus Lumpus), brought to a land-based farm in Iceland, to serve as broodfish. Two groups of lumpfish juveniles, kept in tanks in the same facility, got infected. The virus isolated was identified as VHSV by ELISA and real-time RT-PCR. Phylogenetic analysis, based on the glycoprotein (G) gene sequences, may indicate a novel subgroup of VHSV genotype IV. In controlled laboratory exposure studies with this new isolate, there was 3% survival in the I.P. injection challenged group while there was 90% survival in the immersion group. VHSV was not re-isolated from fish challenged by immersion. In a cohabitation trial, lumpfish infected I.P. (shedders) were placed in tanks with naive lumpfish as well as naive Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). 10% of the lumpfish shedders and 43%-50% of the cohabiting lumpfish survived after 4 weeks. 80%-92% of the Atlantic salmon survived, but no viral RNA was detected by real-time RT-PCR nor VHSV was isolated from Atlantic salmon. This is the first isolation of a notifiable virus in Iceland and the first report of VHSV of genotype IV in European waters.
