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Hagop S Akiskal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The burden of Cyclothymia on alcohol dependence
Journal of affective disorders, 2013Co-Authors: Samuel Pombo, Kareen K Akiskal, M. Luísa Figueira, Nuno Félix Da Costa, Fátima Ismail, Guang Yang, Hagop S AkiskalAbstract:Abstract Background The relationship between cyclothymic temperament and alcoholism remains insufficiently explored. Methods A sample of 125 alcohol-dependent patients diagnosed according to DSM-IV-TR criteria ( APA, 2000 ) was recruited from a clinical setting. Cyclothymic temperament was diagnosed according to the Portuguese version of the Akiskal and Akiskal (2005) temperament scale. Results Alcohol dependent patients who score positive (above mean) for CT present to some extent a more severe profile of alcohol-related problems. Limitations Correlational study Conclusions CT traits in alcohol dependents seems to influence whether subjects engage earlier in pathological alcohol use and present particular alcohol-related problems, in particular Cloninger type II alcoholism phenotype.
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Impulsivity in anxiety disorder patients: is it related to comorbid Cyclothymia?
Journal of affective disorders, 2011Co-Authors: Giulio Perugi, Michele Fornaro, Cristina Toni, Kareen K Akiskal, Alessandra Del Carlo, Marzia Benvenuti, Liliana Dell'osso, Hagop S AkiskalAbstract:Abstract Objective The relationship between anxiety and impulsivity is controversial and not well explored. In a previous study we compared impulsivity, measured by different rating tools, in patients with anxiety disorders vs. healthy controls. In the same sample we now explore the influence of comorbid soft bipolar spectrum disorders on the relationship between anxiety disorders and impulsivity. Method A sample including 47 subjects with anxiety disorder(s) and 45 control subjects matched for demographic, educational and work characteristics underwent a diagnostic evaluation by the Mini Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI); a symptomatological evaluation by the Bech–Rafaelsen Depression and Mania Scale (BRDMS), the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Hypomania Check List (HCL-32) and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI); a temperamental and personological evaluation by the Questionnaire for the Affective and Anxious Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego—Modified (TEMPS-M), the Separation Anxiety Symptoms Inventory (SASI), the Interpersonal Sensitivity Symptoms Inventory (ISSI); and, finally, a psychometric and a neuro-cognitive evaluation of impulsivity by the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) and the Immediate and Delayed Memory Task (IMT/DMT). The initial sample of patients with anxiety disorders was then subdivided into two subgroups depending on the presence of comorbid Cyclothymia (Cyclo+, n = 26 and Cyclo−, n = 21). For the diagnosis of cyclothymic disorder, we used both the DSM-IV-TR criteria and also a modified threshold for hypomania with a duration of 2 days. We compared symptomatological, temperamental, personological and impulsivity measures in Cyclo+, Cyclo− and controls. Results The comparison between Cyclo+, Cyclo− and controls showed that Cyclo+ are the most impulsive subjects in all the investigated measures and are characterized by greatest symptomatological impairment, highest scores in temperamental scales, and highest levels of interpersonal sensitivity and separation anxiety. Cyclo− subjects resulted to be more impulsive compared to controls concerning the retrospective trait measures, but not in the neuro-cognitive test. Limitations Correlational cross-sectional study. Conclusion In our patients with anxiety disorders, without lifetime comorbidity with major mood episodes, trait and state impulsivity resulted to be greater than in controls. In particular impulsivity was highest in patients with both anxiety disorders and Cyclothymia. In anxious–cyclothymic patients also separation anxiety and interpersonal sensitivity were more severe than in anxious patients without Cyclothymia and controls. Our findings suggest that impulsivity, rather than being directly related to the presence of the anxiety disorder, could be associated with comorbidity with Cyclothymia.
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Are atypical depression, borderline personality disorder and bipolar II disorder overlapping manifestations of a common cyclothymic diathesis?
World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 2011Co-Authors: Giulio Perugi, Michele Fornaro, Hagop S AkiskalAbstract:The constructs of atypical depression, bipolar II disorder and borderline personality disorder (BPD) overlap. We explored the relationships between these constructs and their temperamental underpinnings. We examined 107 consecutive patients who met DSM-IV criteria for major depressive episode with atypical features. Those who also met the DSM-IV criteria for BPD (BPD+), compared with those who did not (BPD-), had a significantly higher lifetime comorbidity for body dysmorphic disorder, bulimia nervosa, narcissistic, dependent and avoidant personality disorders, and Cyclothymia. BPD+ also scored higher on the Atypical Depression Diagnostic Scale items of mood reactivity, interpersonal sensitivity, functional impairment, avoidance of relationships, other rejection avoidance, and on the Hopkins Symptoms Check List obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, anger-hostility, paranoid ideation and psychoticism factors. Logistic regression revealed that cyclothymic temperament accounted for much of the relationship between atypical depression and BPD, predicting 6 of 9 of the defining DSM-IV attributes of the latter. Trait mood lability (among BPD patients) and interpersonal sensitivity (among atypical depressive patients) appear to be related as part of an underlying cyclothymic temperamental matrix.
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cocaine abuse and the bipolar spectrum in 1090 heroin addicts clinical observations and a proposed pathophysiologic model
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2008Co-Authors: Icro Maremmani, Matteo Pacini, Joseph Deltito, Giulio Perugi, Hagop S AkiskalAbstract:Abstract Background Several studies indicate a specific relationship between bipolar disorder and stimulant use and abuse. It has generally been assumed that cocaine use represents self-enhancement or attempts to optimize one's level of hypomania, Cyclothymia or hyperthymia. This topic required further examination among heroin abusers because cocaine abuse is commonly comorbid with heroin abuse. Methods Cocaine abuse by bipolar subjects was investigated in a group of 1090 treatment-seeking heroin addicts enrolled between 1994 and 2005. We collected data with 1) the Drug Addiction History Rating Scale; and 2) the Semi-structured Interview for Depression, which inquires systematically among others, about hypomania, Cyclothymia, hyperthymia and depressive temperament. Subjects were aged 29 ± 6 years, and predominantly male (76.2%). Results Univariate and multivariate analyses provided correlations in favour of a link between current cocaine abuse and double diagnosis, with special relevance to the bipolar spectrum, as well as psychotic disorders ( p Limitation The modality of access to cocaine in different communities and the difficulty to distinguish cocaine use from abuse by the rating scale administered may have limited the interpretation of results. Conclusions If cocaine abuse precedes that of heroin or is concomitant, heroin may hypothetically serve as a “mood balancer” which transiently dampens subthreshold excitatory states and mood swings. Our data further suggest the need for a more complex model linking cocaine and bipolarity: subthreshold bipolarity, including hyperthymic and cyclothymic temperaments, seems to predispose to heroin addiction, but craving for the suppressed hypomania in turn could lead to cocaine abuse, which eventually unmasks a frank bipolar disorder — in some cases leading to mixed state, severe mania, as well as psychosis beyond mania. Prospective observations would shed further insight on this complex interface of major clinical and public health importance.
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research report validation of the temperament evaluation of memphis pisa paris and san diego temps a portuguese lisbon version
2008Co-Authors: Luisa M Figueira, Hagop S Akiskal, Lara Caeiro, Ana Ferro, Lara Severino, Pedro M Duarte, Manuela Abreu, Kareen K AkiskalAbstract:Background: The TEMPS-A has been validated in 8 languages, the original being American English, and includes among others such Latin languages as Italian, French, and Spanish-Buenos Aires. This is the first Portuguese-Lisbon validation. Methods: The sample included 1173 students from six different universities and representing most disciplines (such as medicine, law, humanities, engineering, etc.), both sexes (67% female), and ages between 17 and 58 (x±SD=21±4). Standard psychometric tests were used for internal consistency, validity, and factor analysis. Results: The study upheld the 5 Factor proposed structure of TEMPS-A. Cronbach α varied from 0.67 for the depressive and 0.83 for the anxious, with the others in-between. We could retain all 110 items of the Interview Schedule. The highest mean scores were found for the hyperthymic, and the lowest for the irritable. As expected, depressive and anxious subscales had strong correlations, followed by the cyclothymic and anxious, and cyclothymic and irritable; in exploratory factor analysis, these subscales constituted Factor I, contrasted to the depressive and the hyperthymic as a biphasic continuum (Factor II). Females scored higher on the depressive, cyclothymic and anxious, and the males on hyperthymic and irritable. Overall, however, no temperament was “dominant” in this population, all temperaments z-scores being 3.3–4%! Limitations: Study limited to university students of young age. Conclusions: TEMPS-ALisbonisareliableandvalidinstrument.Theonlyrelativelyweakfactoristhedepressive,whichissimilarto other language versions. Gender differences and correlations of temperaments are generally similar to other countries. What appears relatively special to the Portuguese is the relatively “balanced” mix of temperaments in this university student population. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Terence A. Ketter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Temperament-creativity relationships in mood disorder patients, healthy controls and highly creative individuals.
Journal of affective disorders, 2006Co-Authors: Connie M Strong, Cecylia Nowakowska, Claudia M Santosa, Po W Wang, Helena C Kraemer, Terence A. KetterAbstract:To investigate temperament-creativity relationships in euthymic bipolar (BP) and unipolar major depressive (MDD) patients, creative discipline controls (CC), and healthy controls (HC). 49 BP, 25 MDD, 32 CC, and 47 HC (all euthymic) completed three self-report temperament/personality measures: the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R), the Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A), and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI); and four creativity measures yielding six parameters: the Barron-Welsh Art Scale (BWAS-Total, BWAS-Like, and BWAS-Dislike), the Adjective Check List Creative Personality Scale (ACL-CPS), and the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking--Figural (TTCT-F) and Verbal (TTCT-V) versions. Factor analysis was used to consolidate the 16 subscales from the three temperament/personality measures, and the resulting factors were assessed in relationship to the creativity parameters. Five personality/temperament factors emerged. Two of these factors had prominent relationships with creativity measures. A Neuroticism/Cyclothymia/Dysthymia Factor, comprised mostly of NEO-PI-R-Neuroticism and TEMPS-A-Cyclothymia and TEMPS-A-Dysthymia, was related to BWAS-Total scores (r=0.36, p<0.0001) and BWAS-Dislike subscale scores (r=0.39, p<0.0001). An Openness Factor, comprised mostly of NEO-PI-R-Openness, was related to BWAS-Like subscale scores (r=0.28, p=0.0006), and to ACL-CPS scores (r=0.46, p<0.0001). No significant relationship was found between temperament/personality and TTCT-F and TTCT-V scores. Neuroticism/Cyclothymia/Dysthymia and Openness appear to have differential relationships with creativity. The former could provide affective (Neuroticism, i.e. access to negative affect, and Cyclothymia, i.e. changeability of affect) and the latter cognitive (flexibility) advantages to enhance creativity. Further studies are indicated to clarify mechanisms of creativity and its relationships to affective processes and bipolar disorders.
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Temperament–creativity relationships in mood disorder patients, healthy controls and highly creative individuals
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2006Co-Authors: Connie M Strong, Cecylia Nowakowska, Claudia M Santosa, Po W Wang, Helena C Kraemer, Terence A. KetterAbstract:Objective To investigate temperament–creativity relationships in euthymic bipolar (BP) and unipolar major depressive (MDD) patients, creative discipline controls (CC), and healthy controls (HC). Methods 49 BP, 25 MDD, 32 CC, and 47 HC (all euthymic) completed three self-report temperament/personality measures: the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R), the Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A), and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI); and four creativity measures yielding six parameters: the Barron–Welsh Art Scale (BWAS-Total, BWAS-Like, and BWAS-Dislike), the Adjective Check List Creative Personality Scale (ACL-CPS), and the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking – Figural (TTCT-F) and Verbal (TTCT-V) versions. Factor analysis was used to consolidate the 16 subscales from the three temperament/personality measures, and the resulting factors were assessed in relationship to the creativity parameters. Results Five personality/temperament factors emerged. Two of these factors had prominent relationships with creativity measures. A Neuroticism/Cyclothymia/Dysthymia Factor, comprised mostly of NEO-PI-R-Neuroticism and TEMPS-A-Cyclothymia and TEMPS-A-Dysthymia, was related to BWAS-Total scores (r = 0.36, p
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temperamental commonalities and differences in euthymic mood disorder patients creative controls and healthy controls
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2005Co-Authors: Cecylia Nowakowska, Connie M Strong, Claudia M Santosa, Po W Wang, Terence A. KetterAbstract:Objective: Understanding of mood disorders can be enhanced through assessment of temperamental traits. We explored temperamental commonalities and differences among euthymic bipolar (BP) and unipolar (MDD) mood disorder patients, creative discipline graduate student controls (CC), and healthy controls (HC). Methods: Forty-nine BP, 25 MDD, 32 CC, and 47 HC completed self-report temperament/personality measures including: The Affective Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego (TEMPS-A); the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R); and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Results: Euthymic BP, MDD, and CC, compared to HC, had significantly increased Cyclothymia, dysthymia and irritability scores on TEMPS-A; increased neuroticism and decreased conscientiousness on NEO-PI-R; and increased harm avoidance and novelty seeking as well as decreased self-directedness on TCI. TEMPS-A Cyclothymia scores were significantly higher in BP than in MDD. NEO-PI-R openness was increased in BP and CC, compared to HC, and in CC compared to MDD. TCI self-transcendence scores in BP were significantly higher than in MDD, CC, and HC. Limitations: Most of the subjects were not professional artists, and represented many fields; temperament might be different in different art fields. Conclusions: Euthymic BP, MDD, and CC compared to HC, had prominent temperamental commonalities. However, BP and CC had the additional commonality of increased openness compared to HC. BP had particularly high Cyclothymia scores that were significantly higher then those of MDD. The prominent BP–CC overlap suggests underlying neurobiological commonalities between people with mood disorders and individuals involved in creative disciplines, consistent with the notion of a temperamental contribution to enhanced creativity in individuals with bipolar disorders.
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Temperamental commonalities and differences in euthymic mood disorder patients, creative controls, and healthy controls.
Journal of affective disorders, 2005Co-Authors: Cecylia Nowakowska, Connie M Strong, Claudia M Santosa, Po W Wang, Terence A. KetterAbstract:Understanding of mood disorders can be enhanced through assessment of temperamental traits. We explored temperamental commonalities and differences among euthymic bipolar (BP) and unipolar (MDD) mood disorder patients, creative discipline graduate student controls (CC), and healthy controls (HC). Forty-nine BP, 25 MDD, 32 CC, and 47 HC completed self-report temperament/personality measures including: The Affective Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego (TEMPS-A); the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R); and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Euthymic BP, MDD, and CC, compared to HC, had significantly increased Cyclothymia, dysthymia and irritability scores on TEMPS-A; increased neuroticism and decreased conscientiousness on NEO-PI-R; and increased harm avoidance and novelty seeking as well as decreased self-directedness on TCI. TEMPS-A Cyclothymia scores were significantly higher in BP than in MDD. NEO-PI-R openness was increased in BP and CC, compared to HC, and in CC compared to MDD. TCI self-transcendence scores in BP were significantly higher than in MDD, CC, and HC. Most of the subjects were not professional artists, and represented many fields; temperament might be different in different art fields. Euthymic BP, MDD, and CC compared to HC, had prominent temperamental commonalities. However, BP and CC had the additional commonality of increased openness compared to HC. BP had particularly high Cyclothymia scores that were significantly higher then those of MDD. The prominent BP-CC overlap suggests underlying neurobiological commonalities between people with mood disorders and individuals involved in creative disciplines, consistent with the notion of a temperamental contribution to enhanced creativity in individuals with bipolar disorders.
Giulio Perugi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Relationships Among Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder, Emotional Dysregulation, and Affective Temperaments in Adults With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Cyclothymia.
The Journal of nervous and mental disease, 2020Co-Authors: Giuseppe Quaranta, Margherita Barbuti, Alessandro Pallucchini, Paola Colombini, Martina Moriconi, Teresa Gemmellaro, Beniamino Tripodi, Laura Palagini, Elisa Schiavi, Giulio PerugiAbstract:This study aims to explore the relationships between delayed sleep phase disorder (DSPD) and emotional dysregulation in 240 patients (134 with Cyclothymia, 81 with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD] and 25 with both conditions). DSPD was assessed using the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, followed by a clinical evaluation. Affective temperaments and emotional dysregulation were also investigated through the brief version of the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego and the Reactivity, Intensity, Polarity, Stability questionnaires, respectively. Clinical variables were compared in patients with and without DSPD, and a logistic regression model was used to identify the predictive value of the clinical characteristics on the presence of DSPD. DSPD patients (19% of the total sample) were significantly younger than patients without DSPD, showed an about 4 times higher lifetime history of comorbid ADHD and Cyclothymia, and reported higher scores in the irritable and cyclothymic temperamental subscales and in the affective instability and impulsivity dimensions. In the multiple logistic regression, we found a negative predictive value of increasing age on the presence of DSPD, whereas comorbid Cyclothymia and ADHD and cyclothymic temperament seem to represent risk factors for DSPD.
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Diagnosis and Treatment of Cyclothymia: The "Primacy" of Temperament.
Current neuropharmacology, 2017Co-Authors: Giulio Perugi, Elie Hantouche, Giulia VannucchiAbstract:Background: Contrary to DSM-5 definition based on recurrence of low grade hypomanic and depressive symptoms, Cyclothymia is better defined in a neurodevelopmental perspective as an exaggeration of cyclothymic temperament. Emotional dysregulation with extreme mood instability and reactivity is the core features of the complex symptomatology. Method: In the present article, we critically reviewed the literature on the diagnosis and treatment of Cyclothymia, focusing on the temperamental and neurodevelopmental perspectives. Results: Current epidemiological and clinical research showed the high prevalence and the validity of Cyclothymia as a distinct form of bipolarity, frequently associated with multiple comorbidities with anxiety, impulse control, substance use, and so called “personality” disorders. Many patients receive correct diagnosis and treatments after many years of illness, when the superposition of complications reduces the possibility of complete remission. A therapeutic model combining the focus on symptomatic presentations with a temperamental perspective seems to represent an effective approach for cyclothymic patients with complex clinical presentations. Conclusion: Cyclothymic mood instability is an understudied issue despite the evidence of its clinical relevance. Unresolved issues concern its diagnostic delimitation and the possible relationships with emotional dysregulation observed in other neurodevelopmental disorders. We need to confirm the specificity of the disorder and to improve its recognition in early phase of the life, especially in youth. Early recognition means avoiding unnecessary complications and establishing specific treatments and clinical management since the beginning.
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The treatment of Cyclothymia
Oxford Medicine Online, 2017Co-Authors: Giulio Perugi, Giulia Vannucchi, Lorenzo MazzariniAbstract:The treatment of Cyclothymia is problematic due to its rather complex clinical picture (early onset, lack of clear-cut episodes, high co-morbidity), a challenging patient–doctor relationship and a high sensitivity to medications. This chapter summarizes available evidence on pharmacological treatment, psychoeducation, and psychotherapy for cyclothymic patients. The management of Cyclothymia should rely on integrated strategies. The psychopharmacological treatment has to follow the principle of ‘go slow and stay low’. Mood stabilizers should be the first option and antidepressants and antipsychotics should be used cautiously and for short periods of time to manage depressive, anxious, or hypomanic symptoms. Psychoeducation should be started from the beginning and is aimed to promote a better knowledge of the disorder and its effects on daily life as well as adherence to medications. The inclusion of individual psychotherapeutic treatments (eg, cognitive behavioural treatment) should also be considered.
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Cyclothymia reloaded: A reappraisal of the most misconceived affective disorder
Journal of affective disorders, 2015Co-Authors: Giulio Perugi, Elie Hantouche, Giulia Vannucchi, Olavo PintoAbstract:Data emerging from both academic centers and from public and private outpatient facilities indicate that from 20% to 50% of all subjects that seek help for mood, anxiety, impulsive and addictive disorders turn out, after careful screening, to be affected by Cyclothymia. The proportion of patients who can be classified as cyclothymic rises significantly if the diagnostic rules proposed by the DSM-5 are reconsidered and a broader approach is adopted. Unlike the DSM-5 definition based on the recurrence of low-grade hypomanic and depressive symptoms, Cyclothymia is best identified as an exaggeration of cyclothymic temperament (basic mood and emotional instability) with early onset and extreme mood reactivity linked with interpersonal and separation sensitivity, frequent mixed features during depressive states, the dark side of hypomanic symptoms, multiple comorbidities, and a high risk of impulsive and suicidal behavior. Epidemiological and clinical research have shown the high prevalence of Cyclothymia and the validity of the concept that it should be seen as a distinct form of bipolarity, not simply as a softer form. Misdiagnosis and consequent mistreatment are associated with a high risk of transforming Cyclothymia into severe complex borderline-like bipolarity, especially with chronic and repetitive exposure to antidepressants and sedatives. The early detection and treatment of Cyclothymia can guarantee a significant change in the long-term prognosis, when appropriate mood-stabilizing pharmacotherapy and specific psychological approaches and psychoeducation are adopted. The authors present and discuss clinical research in the field and their own expertise in the understanding and medical management of Cyclothymia and its complex comorbidities.
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Should Cyclothymia be considered as a specific and distinct bipolar disorder
Neuropsychiatry, 2012Co-Authors: Elie Hantouche, Giulio PerugiAbstract:Current research is mainly focused on ‘classical episodic’ forms of bipolar disorder (I and II). Despite its historical roots, Cyclothymia is still neglected among the bipolar spectrum disorders. Contrary to DSM definition, based on the recurrence of low-grade episodes, Cyclothymia is better defined as an exaggeration of cyclothymic temperament: early onset, complex temperament structure, high mood instability and reactivity, and rapid switching. Current epidemiological and clinical research has demonstrated the high prevalence and the validity of Cyclothymia as a distinct form of bipolarity. In this article, the authors discuss their own clinical research and expertise on the understanding and medical management of Cyclothymia. This is the beginning of challenging work concerning psychoeducation, clinical, phamacological and genetic research.
Connie M Strong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Temperament-creativity relationships in mood disorder patients, healthy controls and highly creative individuals.
Journal of affective disorders, 2006Co-Authors: Connie M Strong, Cecylia Nowakowska, Claudia M Santosa, Po W Wang, Helena C Kraemer, Terence A. KetterAbstract:To investigate temperament-creativity relationships in euthymic bipolar (BP) and unipolar major depressive (MDD) patients, creative discipline controls (CC), and healthy controls (HC). 49 BP, 25 MDD, 32 CC, and 47 HC (all euthymic) completed three self-report temperament/personality measures: the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R), the Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A), and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI); and four creativity measures yielding six parameters: the Barron-Welsh Art Scale (BWAS-Total, BWAS-Like, and BWAS-Dislike), the Adjective Check List Creative Personality Scale (ACL-CPS), and the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking--Figural (TTCT-F) and Verbal (TTCT-V) versions. Factor analysis was used to consolidate the 16 subscales from the three temperament/personality measures, and the resulting factors were assessed in relationship to the creativity parameters. Five personality/temperament factors emerged. Two of these factors had prominent relationships with creativity measures. A Neuroticism/Cyclothymia/Dysthymia Factor, comprised mostly of NEO-PI-R-Neuroticism and TEMPS-A-Cyclothymia and TEMPS-A-Dysthymia, was related to BWAS-Total scores (r=0.36, p<0.0001) and BWAS-Dislike subscale scores (r=0.39, p<0.0001). An Openness Factor, comprised mostly of NEO-PI-R-Openness, was related to BWAS-Like subscale scores (r=0.28, p=0.0006), and to ACL-CPS scores (r=0.46, p<0.0001). No significant relationship was found between temperament/personality and TTCT-F and TTCT-V scores. Neuroticism/Cyclothymia/Dysthymia and Openness appear to have differential relationships with creativity. The former could provide affective (Neuroticism, i.e. access to negative affect, and Cyclothymia, i.e. changeability of affect) and the latter cognitive (flexibility) advantages to enhance creativity. Further studies are indicated to clarify mechanisms of creativity and its relationships to affective processes and bipolar disorders.
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Temperament–creativity relationships in mood disorder patients, healthy controls and highly creative individuals
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2006Co-Authors: Connie M Strong, Cecylia Nowakowska, Claudia M Santosa, Po W Wang, Helena C Kraemer, Terence A. KetterAbstract:Objective To investigate temperament–creativity relationships in euthymic bipolar (BP) and unipolar major depressive (MDD) patients, creative discipline controls (CC), and healthy controls (HC). Methods 49 BP, 25 MDD, 32 CC, and 47 HC (all euthymic) completed three self-report temperament/personality measures: the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R), the Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A), and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI); and four creativity measures yielding six parameters: the Barron–Welsh Art Scale (BWAS-Total, BWAS-Like, and BWAS-Dislike), the Adjective Check List Creative Personality Scale (ACL-CPS), and the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking – Figural (TTCT-F) and Verbal (TTCT-V) versions. Factor analysis was used to consolidate the 16 subscales from the three temperament/personality measures, and the resulting factors were assessed in relationship to the creativity parameters. Results Five personality/temperament factors emerged. Two of these factors had prominent relationships with creativity measures. A Neuroticism/Cyclothymia/Dysthymia Factor, comprised mostly of NEO-PI-R-Neuroticism and TEMPS-A-Cyclothymia and TEMPS-A-Dysthymia, was related to BWAS-Total scores (r = 0.36, p
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temperamental commonalities and differences in euthymic mood disorder patients creative controls and healthy controls
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2005Co-Authors: Cecylia Nowakowska, Connie M Strong, Claudia M Santosa, Po W Wang, Terence A. KetterAbstract:Objective: Understanding of mood disorders can be enhanced through assessment of temperamental traits. We explored temperamental commonalities and differences among euthymic bipolar (BP) and unipolar (MDD) mood disorder patients, creative discipline graduate student controls (CC), and healthy controls (HC). Methods: Forty-nine BP, 25 MDD, 32 CC, and 47 HC completed self-report temperament/personality measures including: The Affective Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego (TEMPS-A); the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R); and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Results: Euthymic BP, MDD, and CC, compared to HC, had significantly increased Cyclothymia, dysthymia and irritability scores on TEMPS-A; increased neuroticism and decreased conscientiousness on NEO-PI-R; and increased harm avoidance and novelty seeking as well as decreased self-directedness on TCI. TEMPS-A Cyclothymia scores were significantly higher in BP than in MDD. NEO-PI-R openness was increased in BP and CC, compared to HC, and in CC compared to MDD. TCI self-transcendence scores in BP were significantly higher than in MDD, CC, and HC. Limitations: Most of the subjects were not professional artists, and represented many fields; temperament might be different in different art fields. Conclusions: Euthymic BP, MDD, and CC compared to HC, had prominent temperamental commonalities. However, BP and CC had the additional commonality of increased openness compared to HC. BP had particularly high Cyclothymia scores that were significantly higher then those of MDD. The prominent BP–CC overlap suggests underlying neurobiological commonalities between people with mood disorders and individuals involved in creative disciplines, consistent with the notion of a temperamental contribution to enhanced creativity in individuals with bipolar disorders.
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Temperamental commonalities and differences in euthymic mood disorder patients, creative controls, and healthy controls.
Journal of affective disorders, 2005Co-Authors: Cecylia Nowakowska, Connie M Strong, Claudia M Santosa, Po W Wang, Terence A. KetterAbstract:Understanding of mood disorders can be enhanced through assessment of temperamental traits. We explored temperamental commonalities and differences among euthymic bipolar (BP) and unipolar (MDD) mood disorder patients, creative discipline graduate student controls (CC), and healthy controls (HC). Forty-nine BP, 25 MDD, 32 CC, and 47 HC completed self-report temperament/personality measures including: The Affective Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego (TEMPS-A); the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R); and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Euthymic BP, MDD, and CC, compared to HC, had significantly increased Cyclothymia, dysthymia and irritability scores on TEMPS-A; increased neuroticism and decreased conscientiousness on NEO-PI-R; and increased harm avoidance and novelty seeking as well as decreased self-directedness on TCI. TEMPS-A Cyclothymia scores were significantly higher in BP than in MDD. NEO-PI-R openness was increased in BP and CC, compared to HC, and in CC compared to MDD. TCI self-transcendence scores in BP were significantly higher than in MDD, CC, and HC. Most of the subjects were not professional artists, and represented many fields; temperament might be different in different art fields. Euthymic BP, MDD, and CC compared to HC, had prominent temperamental commonalities. However, BP and CC had the additional commonality of increased openness compared to HC. BP had particularly high Cyclothymia scores that were significantly higher then those of MDD. The prominent BP-CC overlap suggests underlying neurobiological commonalities between people with mood disorders and individuals involved in creative disciplines, consistent with the notion of a temperamental contribution to enhanced creativity in individuals with bipolar disorders.
Cecylia Nowakowska - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Temperament-creativity relationships in mood disorder patients, healthy controls and highly creative individuals.
Journal of affective disorders, 2006Co-Authors: Connie M Strong, Cecylia Nowakowska, Claudia M Santosa, Po W Wang, Helena C Kraemer, Terence A. KetterAbstract:To investigate temperament-creativity relationships in euthymic bipolar (BP) and unipolar major depressive (MDD) patients, creative discipline controls (CC), and healthy controls (HC). 49 BP, 25 MDD, 32 CC, and 47 HC (all euthymic) completed three self-report temperament/personality measures: the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R), the Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A), and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI); and four creativity measures yielding six parameters: the Barron-Welsh Art Scale (BWAS-Total, BWAS-Like, and BWAS-Dislike), the Adjective Check List Creative Personality Scale (ACL-CPS), and the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking--Figural (TTCT-F) and Verbal (TTCT-V) versions. Factor analysis was used to consolidate the 16 subscales from the three temperament/personality measures, and the resulting factors were assessed in relationship to the creativity parameters. Five personality/temperament factors emerged. Two of these factors had prominent relationships with creativity measures. A Neuroticism/Cyclothymia/Dysthymia Factor, comprised mostly of NEO-PI-R-Neuroticism and TEMPS-A-Cyclothymia and TEMPS-A-Dysthymia, was related to BWAS-Total scores (r=0.36, p<0.0001) and BWAS-Dislike subscale scores (r=0.39, p<0.0001). An Openness Factor, comprised mostly of NEO-PI-R-Openness, was related to BWAS-Like subscale scores (r=0.28, p=0.0006), and to ACL-CPS scores (r=0.46, p<0.0001). No significant relationship was found between temperament/personality and TTCT-F and TTCT-V scores. Neuroticism/Cyclothymia/Dysthymia and Openness appear to have differential relationships with creativity. The former could provide affective (Neuroticism, i.e. access to negative affect, and Cyclothymia, i.e. changeability of affect) and the latter cognitive (flexibility) advantages to enhance creativity. Further studies are indicated to clarify mechanisms of creativity and its relationships to affective processes and bipolar disorders.
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Temperament–creativity relationships in mood disorder patients, healthy controls and highly creative individuals
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2006Co-Authors: Connie M Strong, Cecylia Nowakowska, Claudia M Santosa, Po W Wang, Helena C Kraemer, Terence A. KetterAbstract:Objective To investigate temperament–creativity relationships in euthymic bipolar (BP) and unipolar major depressive (MDD) patients, creative discipline controls (CC), and healthy controls (HC). Methods 49 BP, 25 MDD, 32 CC, and 47 HC (all euthymic) completed three self-report temperament/personality measures: the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R), the Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A), and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI); and four creativity measures yielding six parameters: the Barron–Welsh Art Scale (BWAS-Total, BWAS-Like, and BWAS-Dislike), the Adjective Check List Creative Personality Scale (ACL-CPS), and the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking – Figural (TTCT-F) and Verbal (TTCT-V) versions. Factor analysis was used to consolidate the 16 subscales from the three temperament/personality measures, and the resulting factors were assessed in relationship to the creativity parameters. Results Five personality/temperament factors emerged. Two of these factors had prominent relationships with creativity measures. A Neuroticism/Cyclothymia/Dysthymia Factor, comprised mostly of NEO-PI-R-Neuroticism and TEMPS-A-Cyclothymia and TEMPS-A-Dysthymia, was related to BWAS-Total scores (r = 0.36, p
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temperamental commonalities and differences in euthymic mood disorder patients creative controls and healthy controls
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2005Co-Authors: Cecylia Nowakowska, Connie M Strong, Claudia M Santosa, Po W Wang, Terence A. KetterAbstract:Objective: Understanding of mood disorders can be enhanced through assessment of temperamental traits. We explored temperamental commonalities and differences among euthymic bipolar (BP) and unipolar (MDD) mood disorder patients, creative discipline graduate student controls (CC), and healthy controls (HC). Methods: Forty-nine BP, 25 MDD, 32 CC, and 47 HC completed self-report temperament/personality measures including: The Affective Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego (TEMPS-A); the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R); and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Results: Euthymic BP, MDD, and CC, compared to HC, had significantly increased Cyclothymia, dysthymia and irritability scores on TEMPS-A; increased neuroticism and decreased conscientiousness on NEO-PI-R; and increased harm avoidance and novelty seeking as well as decreased self-directedness on TCI. TEMPS-A Cyclothymia scores were significantly higher in BP than in MDD. NEO-PI-R openness was increased in BP and CC, compared to HC, and in CC compared to MDD. TCI self-transcendence scores in BP were significantly higher than in MDD, CC, and HC. Limitations: Most of the subjects were not professional artists, and represented many fields; temperament might be different in different art fields. Conclusions: Euthymic BP, MDD, and CC compared to HC, had prominent temperamental commonalities. However, BP and CC had the additional commonality of increased openness compared to HC. BP had particularly high Cyclothymia scores that were significantly higher then those of MDD. The prominent BP–CC overlap suggests underlying neurobiological commonalities between people with mood disorders and individuals involved in creative disciplines, consistent with the notion of a temperamental contribution to enhanced creativity in individuals with bipolar disorders.
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Temperamental commonalities and differences in euthymic mood disorder patients, creative controls, and healthy controls.
Journal of affective disorders, 2005Co-Authors: Cecylia Nowakowska, Connie M Strong, Claudia M Santosa, Po W Wang, Terence A. KetterAbstract:Understanding of mood disorders can be enhanced through assessment of temperamental traits. We explored temperamental commonalities and differences among euthymic bipolar (BP) and unipolar (MDD) mood disorder patients, creative discipline graduate student controls (CC), and healthy controls (HC). Forty-nine BP, 25 MDD, 32 CC, and 47 HC completed self-report temperament/personality measures including: The Affective Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego (TEMPS-A); the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R); and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Euthymic BP, MDD, and CC, compared to HC, had significantly increased Cyclothymia, dysthymia and irritability scores on TEMPS-A; increased neuroticism and decreased conscientiousness on NEO-PI-R; and increased harm avoidance and novelty seeking as well as decreased self-directedness on TCI. TEMPS-A Cyclothymia scores were significantly higher in BP than in MDD. NEO-PI-R openness was increased in BP and CC, compared to HC, and in CC compared to MDD. TCI self-transcendence scores in BP were significantly higher than in MDD, CC, and HC. Most of the subjects were not professional artists, and represented many fields; temperament might be different in different art fields. Euthymic BP, MDD, and CC compared to HC, had prominent temperamental commonalities. However, BP and CC had the additional commonality of increased openness compared to HC. BP had particularly high Cyclothymia scores that were significantly higher then those of MDD. The prominent BP-CC overlap suggests underlying neurobiological commonalities between people with mood disorders and individuals involved in creative disciplines, consistent with the notion of a temperamental contribution to enhanced creativity in individuals with bipolar disorders.
