Trait Anxiety

14,000,000 Leading Edge Experts on the ideXlab platform

Scan Science and Technology

Contact Leading Edge Experts & Companies

Scan Science and Technology

Contact Leading Edge Experts & Companies

The Experts below are selected from a list of 44235 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Gabrielle Campos Veloso - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Effects of Emotional Working Memory Training on Trait Anxiety
    Frontiers in psychology, 2021
    Co-Authors: Gabrielle Campos Veloso
    Abstract:

    Background: Trait Anxiety is a pervasive tendency to attend to and experience fears and worries to a disproportionate degree, across various situations. Decreased vulnerability to Trait Anxiety has been linked to having higher working memory capacity and better emotion regulation; however, the relationship between these factors has not been well-established. Objective: This study sought to determine if participants who undergo emotional working memory training will have significantly lower Trait Anxiety post-training. The study also sought to determine if emotion regulation mediated the relationship between working memory training and Trait Anxiety. Method: An experimental group comprising of 49 participants underwent 20 days of computerized emotional working memory training, which involved viewing a continuous stream of emotionally-charged content on a grid, and then remembering the location and color of items presented on the grid. The control group comprised of 51 participants. Results: Participants of the experimental group had significantly lower Trait Anxiety compared to controls, post-training. Subsequent mediation analysis determined that working memory training capacity gains were significantly related to Anxiety reduction as measured by form Y2 of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y2). Emotion regulation, as measured by the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), was found not to mediate between working memory capacity gains and Trait Anxiety reduction. Conclusion: Working memory capacity gains and reductions in levels of Trait Anxiety were observed following emotional working memory training. The study may therefore be useful in informing interventions targeted at improving working memory capacity, and reducing levels of Trait Anxiety. Moreover, it proposes for future research to further look into the mediating role of emotion regulation via the development or utilization of more comprehensive measures of emotion regulation.

Bunmi O. Olatunji - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Specificity of Trait Anxiety in Anxiety and depression: Meta-analysis of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.
    Clinical psychology review, 2020
    Co-Authors: Kelly A. Knowles, Bunmi O. Olatunji
    Abstract:

    Abstract The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory – Trait version (STAI-T) was developed to measure an individual’s tendency to experience Anxiety, but it may lack discriminant evidence of validity based on strong observed relationships with measures of depression. The present series of meta-analyses compares STAI-T scores among individuals with depressive disorders, Anxiety disorders, and nonclinical comparison groups, as well as correlations with measures of Anxiety and depressive symptom severity, in order to further examine discriminant and convergent validity. A total of 388 published studies (N = 31,021) were included in the analyses. Individuals with an Anxiety disorder and those with a depressive disorder displayed significantly elevated scores on the STAI-T compared to nonclinical comparison groups. Furthermore, Anxiety and depressive symptom severity were similarly strongly correlated with the STAI-T (mean r = .59 – .61). However, individuals with a depressive disorder had significantly higher STAI-T scores than individuals with an Anxiety disorder (Hedges’s g = 0.27). Given these findings, along with previous factor analyses that have observed a depression factor on the STAI-T, describing the scale as a measure of ‘Trait Anxiety’ may be a misnomer. It is proposed that the STAI-T be considered a non-specific measure of negative affectivity rather than Trait Anxiety per se.

Dieter Olbrich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The relationship between job-Anxiety and Trait-Anxiety--a differential diagnostic investigation with the Job-Anxiety-Scale and the State-Trait-Anxiety-Inventory.
    Journal of anxiety disorders, 2010
    Co-Authors: Beate Muschalla, Michael Linden, Dieter Olbrich
    Abstract:

    Job-related Anxiety, in contrast to general Trait-Anxiety, is by its very nature associated with problems of participation at work. The aim of this study is to investigate the relation between general Trait-Anxiety and specific job-related Anxiety and to examine whether job-Anxiety and Trait-Anxiety are differently associated with sick leave. 190 inpatients of a psychosomatic and orthopaedic rehabilitation center with mental and somatic disorders filled in the Job-Anxiety-Scale (JAS) and the State-Trait-Anxiety-Inventory (STAI-T). Additionally, informations on age, gender, the current duration of sick leave in weeks, employment status, duration of unemployment, and position at the workplace were collected. Highest scores of job-Anxiety were found for the JAS-dimensions "job-related worries" and "health anxieties", followed by "cognitions of insufficiency," "stimulus-related anxieties," and "social anxieties." JAS and STAI-T were significantly correlated. Job-Anxiety, in contrast to Trait-Anxiety, was significantly related to duration of sick leave. Women showed higher scores on the STAI-T but not on the JAS. It can be concluded that job-Anxiety is related to but not identical with Trait-Anxiety. Job-Anxiety is important to understand sick leave and appears as a multidimensional and clinically important phenomenon.

Michael W. Eysenck - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • A cognitive approach to Trait Anxiety
    European Journal of Personality, 2000
    Co-Authors: Michael W. Eysenck
    Abstract:

    A cognitive approach to Trait Anxiety can account for many phenomena (e.g. failures of concordance). According to the four-factor theory, the experience of Anxiety depends on the processing of four sources of information: external stimuli; internal physiological stimuli; one's own behaviour; and one's own cognitions (e.g. worries about the future). High-anxious individuals (high in Trait Anxiety; low in defensiveness) have cognitive biases leading them to exaggerate the threateningness of these four sources of information. Individuals with a repressive coping style (low in Trait Anxiety; high in defensiveness) have cognitive biases leading them to minimize the threateningness of these four sources of information. Theoretical implications for major Anxiety disorders are discussed. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  • Trait Anxiety, social desirability and cross-situational variability
    Personality and Individual Differences, 1996
    Co-Authors: Michael W. Eysenck, Josephine Wild
    Abstract:

    Abstract Measures of Trait Anxiety, social desirability, and cross-situational variability were obtained with both self-reports and ratings. There was a highly significant positive correlation between self-reported and rated cross-situational variability. High Trait Anxiety and low social desirability were associated with high self-reported cross-situational variability. However, neither Trait Anxiety nor social desirability was associated with rated cross-situational variability. Reasons for the discrepancy between the findings with self-report and rating data are discussed.

  • Trait Anxiety, DEFENSIVENESS, AND THE STRUCTURE OF WORRY
    Personality and Individual Differences, 1992
    Co-Authors: Michael W. Eysenck, Jos J. A. Van Berkum
    Abstract:

    A principal components analysis of the ten scales of the Worry Questionnaire revealed the existence of major worry factors or domains of social evaluation and physical threat, and these factors were confirmed in a subsequent item analysis. Those high in Trait Anxiety had much higher scores on the Worry Questionnaire than those low in Trait Anxiety, especially on those scales relating to social evaluation. Scores on the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale were negatively related to worry frequency. However, groups of low-anxious and repressed individuals formed on the basis of their Trait Anxiety and social desirability scores did not differ in worry. It was concluded that worry, especially in the social evaluation domain, is of fundamental importance to Trait Anxiety.

Yutaka Inaba - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Cross-sectional study on the relationship between smoking or smoking cessation and Trait Anxiety.
    Preventive Medicine, 1999
    Co-Authors: Yousuke Takemura, Masahiko Akanuma, Shogo Kikuchi, Yutaka Inaba
    Abstract:

    Abstract Objective. The relationships between Trait Anxiety, or Anxiety proneness, and smoking and between Trait Anxiety and smoking cessation, among an adult population were investigated. Methods. The subjects were 2,669 male Japanese personnel working for a Japanese government agency. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire on smoking and smoking cessation status and other habits. Trait Anxiety was evaluated with the Trait Anxiety part of the standardized Japanese version of the Spielberger State–Trait Anxiety Inventory. Trait Anxiety is regarded as the long-term, more endogenous general type of Anxiety. Odds ratios of the single 2 × 2 table were calculated and a logistic regression analysis was used to adjust for age. Results. After adjusting for age, high Trait Anxiety did not increase the risk of smoking and was not related to success in abstaining from smoking. More subjects with high Trait Anxiety had planned to stop smoking (adjusted odds ratio: 1.39, P = 0.01) but did not actually succeed in doing so. Conclusion. The present study did not support the hypothesis that high Trait Anxiety increased the risk of having a smoking habit and that high Trait Anxiety increased the chance of abstaining from smoking. However, the study did show that high Trait Anxiety was related to the planning of smoking cessation, but not to actually giving up the smoking habit.