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Bingru Huang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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differential metabolic responses of perennial grass Cynodon transvaalensis Cynodon dactylon c4 and poa pratensis c3 to heat stress
Physiologia Plantarum, 2011Co-Authors: Zhaolong Wang, Yimin Liu, Bingru HuangAbstract:Differential metabolic responses to heat stress may be associated with variations in heat tolerance between cool-season (C₃) and warm-season (C₄) perennial grass species. The main objective of this study was to identify metabolites associated with differential heat tolerance between C₄ bermudagrass and C₃ Kentucky bluegrass by performing metabolite profile analysis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Plants of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa Pratensis'Midnight') and hybrid bermudagrass (Cynodon transvaalensis x Cynodon dactylon'Tifdwarf') were grown under optimum temperature conditions (20/15 °C for Kentucky bluegrass and 30/25 °C for bermudagrass) or heat stress (35/30 °C for Kentucky bluegrass and 45/40 °C for bermudagrass). Physiological responses to heat stress were evaluated by visual rating of grass quality, measuring photochemical efficiency (variable fluorescence to maximal fluorescence) and electrolyte leakage. All of these parameters indicated that bermudagrass exhibited better heat tolerance than Kentucky bluegrass. The metabolite analysis of leaf polar extracts revealed 36 heat-responsive metabolites identified in both grass species, mainly consisting of organic acids, amino acids, sugars and sugar alcohols. Most metabolites showed higher accumulation in bermudagrass compared with Kentucky bluegrass, especially following long-term (18 days) heat stress. The differentially accumulated metabolites included seven sugars (sucrose, fructose, galactose, floridoside, melibiose, maltose and xylose), a sugar alcohol (inositol), six organic acids (malic acid, citric acid, threonic acid, galacturonic acid, isocitric acid and methyl malonic acid) and nine amino acids (Asn, Ala, Val, Thr, γ-aminobutyric acid, IIe, Gly, Lys and Met). The differential accumulation of those metabolites could be associated with the differential heat tolerance between C₃ Kentucky bluegrass and C₄ bermudagrass.
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identification of proteins associated with water deficit tolerance in c4 perennial grass species Cynodon dactylon Cynodon transvaalensis and Cynodon dactylon
Physiologia Plantarum, 2011Co-Authors: Yan Zhao, Zhaolong Wang, Bingru HuangAbstract:The study was conducted to examine differential proteomic responses to water-deficit stress in hybrid bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. ×Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt Davy, cv. Tifway] and common bermudagrass (C. dactylon, cv. C299). Plants were exposed to water-deficit stress for 15 days by withholding irrigation in a growth chamber. Leaf electrolyte leakage increased and photochemical efficiency and relative water content declined under water-deficit stress, but the extent of changes in each of the physiological parameters for 'Tifway' was less pronounced than those for 'C299'. Total proteins of leaves were extracted from well-watered and water-deficit plants and separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Of the 750 protein spots reproducibly detected, 32 proteins had increases in the abundance and 22 proteins exhibited decreases in the abundance in at least one genotype under water-deficit stress. A significantly higher number of proteins were found to accumulate in 'Tifway' than in 'C299' and 16 proteins with increasing abundance were detected only in 'Tifway' under water-deficit stress. All stress-responsive proteins were subjected to mass spectrometry analysis, which were mainly involved in metabolism, energy, cell growth/division, protein synthesis and stress defense. Functional analysis of differential drought-responsive proteins between the two genotypes suggests that the superior water-deficit tolerance in 'Tifway' bermudagrass could be mainly associated with less severe decline in the abundance level of proteins involved in photosynthesis (chlorophyll a-b, ATP synthase subunit alpha, phosphoribulokinase and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) and greater increase in the abundance level of antioxidant defense proteins (superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase and peroxiredoxin), demonstrating that maintaining photosynthesis and active antioxidant defense mechanisms may play a critical role in C(4) grass adaptation to water-deficit stress.
López-granados Francisca - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mapping Cynodon dactylon infesting cover crops with an automatic decision tree-OBIA procedure and UAV imagery for precision viticulture
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2020Co-Authors: Ana Isabel De ,castro, Recasens Jordi, Torres-sánchez Jorge, Peña Barragán, José Manuel, Jiménez-brenes, Francisco Manuel, López-granados FranciscaAbstract:The establishment and management of cover crops are common practices widely used in irrigated viticulture around the world, as they bring great benefits not only to protect and improve the soil, but also to control vine vigor and improve the yield quality, among others. However, these benefits are often reduced when cover crops are infested by Cynodon dactylon (bermudagrass), which impacts crop production due to its competition for water and nutrients and causes important economic losses for the winegrowers. Therefore, the discrimination of Cynodon dactylon in cover crops would enable site-specific control to be applied and thus drastically mitigate damage to the vineyard. In this context, this research proposes a novel, automatic and robust image analysis algorithm for the quick and accurate mapping of Cynodon dactylon growing in vineyard cover crops. The algorithm was developed using aerial images taken with an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and combined decision tree (DT) and object-based image analysis (OBIA) approaches. The relevance of this work consisted in dealing with the constraint caused by the spectral similarity of these complex scenarios formed by vines, cover crops, Cynodon dactylon, and bare soil. The incorporation of height information from the Digital Surface Model and several features selected by machine learning tools in the DT-OBIA algorithm solved this spectral similarity limitation and allowed the precise design of Cynodon dactylon maps. Another contribution of this work is the short time needed to apply the full process from UAV flights to image analysis, which can enable useful maps to be created on demand (within two days of the farmer´s request) and is thus timely for controlling Cynodon dactylon in the herbicide application window. Therefore, this combination of UAV imagery and a DT-OBIA algorithm would allow winegrowers to apply site-specific control of Cynodon dactylon and maintain cover crop-based management systems and their consequent benefits in the vineyards, and also comply with the European legal framework for the sustainable use of agricultural inputs and implementation of integrated crop management.This research was partly financed by the AGL2017-83325-C4-4R, AGL2017-83325-C4-2R, AGL2017-83325-C4-1R (Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and AEI/EU-FEDER funds) and the Intramural-CSIC projects (ref. 201840E002). Research of de Castro and F. Valencia-Gredilla were supported by the Juan de la Cierva-Incorporación Program and University of Lleida, respectively.Peer reviewe
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Mapping Cynodon dactylon infesting cover crops with an automatic decision tree-OBIA procedure and UAV imagery for precision viticulture
MDPI, 2019Co-Authors: De Castro Ana, Peña, José M., Torres-sánchez Jorge, Jiménez-brenes, Francisco M., Recasens Guinjuan I Jordi, López-granados FranciscaAbstract:The establishment and management of cover crops are common practices widely used in irrigated viticulture around the world, as they bring great benefits not only to protect and improve the soil, but also to control vine vigor and improve the yield quality, among others. However, these benefits are often reduced when cover crops are infested by Cynodon dactylon (bermudagrass), which impacts crop production due to its competition for water and nutrients and causes important economic losses for the winegrowers. Therefore, the discrimination of Cynodon dactylon in cover crops would enable site-specific control to be applied and thus drastically mitigate damage to the vineyard. In this context, this research proposes a novel, automatic and robust image analysis algorithm for the quick and accurate mapping of Cynodon dactylon growing in vineyard cover crops. The algorithm was developed using aerial images taken with an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and combined decision tree (DT) and object-based image analysis (OBIA) approaches. The relevance of this work consisted in dealing with the constraint caused by the spectral similarity of these complex scenarios formed by vines, cover crops, Cynodon dactylon, and bare soil. The incorporation of height information from the Digital Surface Model and several features selected by machine learning tools in the DT-OBIA algorithm solved this spectral similarity limitation and allowed the precise design of Cynodon dactylon maps. Another contribution of this work is the short time needed to apply the full process from UAV flights to image analysis, which can enable useful maps to be created on demand (within two days of the farmer´s request) and is thus timely for controlling Cynodon dactylon in the herbicide application window. Therefore, this combination of UAV imagery and a DT-OBIA algorithm would allow winegrowers to apply site-specific control of Cynodon dactylon and maintain cover crop-based management systems and their consequent benefits in the vineyards, and also comply with the European legal framework for the sustainable use of agricultural inputs and implementation of integrated crop management
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Mapping Cynodon dactylon infesting cover crops with an automatic decision tree-OBIA procedure and UAV imagery for precision viticulture
'MDPI AG', 2019Co-Authors: De Castro Ana, Peña, José M., Torres-sánchez Jorge, Jiménez-brenes, Francisco M., Recasens Guinjuan I Jordi, López-granados FranciscaAbstract:The establishment and management of cover crops are common practices widely used in irrigated viticulture around the world, as they bring great benefits not only to protect and improve the soil, but also to control vine vigor and improve the yield quality, among others. However, these benefits are often reduced when cover crops are infested by Cynodon dactylon (bermudagrass), which impacts crop production due to its competition for water and nutrients and causes important economic losses for the winegrowers. Therefore, the discrimination of Cynodon dactylon in cover crops would enable site-specific control to be applied and thus drastically mitigate damage to the vineyard. In this context, this research proposes a novel, automatic and robust image analysis algorithm for the quick and accurate mapping of Cynodon dactylon growing in vineyard cover crops. The algorithm was developed using aerial images taken with an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and combined decision tree (DT) and object-based image analysis (OBIA) approaches. The relevance of this work consisted in dealing with the constraint caused by the spectral similarity of these complex scenarios formed by vines, cover crops, Cynodon dactylon, and bare soil. The incorporation of height information from the Digital Surface Model and several features selected by machine learning tools in the DT-OBIA algorithm solved this spectral similarity limitation and allowed the precise design of Cynodon dactylon maps. Another contribution of this work is the short time needed to apply the full process from UAV flights to image analysis, which can enable useful maps to be created on demand (within two days of the farmer´s request) and is thus timely for controlling Cynodon dactylon in the herbicide application window. Therefore, this combination of UAV imagery and a DT-OBIA algorithm would allow winegrowers to apply site-specific control of Cynodon dactylon and maintain cover crop-based management systems and their consequent benefits in the vineyards, and also comply with the European legal framework for the sustainable use of agricultural inputs and implementation of integrated crop management.This research was partly financed by the AGL2017-83325-C4-4R, AGL2017-83325-C4-2R, AGL2017-83325-C4-1R (Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and AEI/EU-FEDER funds) and the Intramural-CSIC projects (ref. 201840E002). Research of de Castro and F. Valencia-Gredilla were supported by the Juan de la Cierva-Incorporación Program and University of Lleida, respectivel
Escribano Martínez Pablo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Caracterización de una nueva variedad comercial de la especie cespitosa Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. para su uso en jardinería y espacios deportivos
'Universitat Politecnica de Valencia', 2020Co-Authors: Escribano Martínez PabloAbstract:[ES] Los céspedes son un cultivo herbáceo del que no se cosecha nada, pero del que los seres humanos aprovechan sus cualidades para satisfacer sus necesidades de ocio bien sea con los céspedes deportivos o los ornamentales. Una de las especies botánicas formadoras de césped más empleada en España es Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., ya que se trata de una especie muy resistente al pisoteo y al calor. De cada especie cespitosa existen numerosas variedades comerciales, las cuales van sustituyéndose con el paso del tiempo a medida que unas van mejorando a otras. En el caso de Cynodon dactylon, la variedad más ampliamente cultivada en España propagada por semilla ha sido Princess 77 . Dicha variedad va a ser reemplazada y se cree que la variedad MBG 002 podría ser una buena candidata. El objetivo de este trabajo final de grado será determinar las características morfológicas de esta variedad, realizando un estudio técnico en el que se detallan diferentes aspectos de la planta comparándolos con algunas variedades de C. dactylon ya existentes. Además, se llevará a cabo un ensayo comparativo de la resistencia a la salinidad del agua de riego de la nueva variedad frente al resto de variedades empleadas en este trabajo.[EN] Turfgrass does not have a yield component. The value of turfgrass for human being is its inherent aesthetic quality and usability for gardening and sport facilities. One of the most cultivated turfgrass species in Spain is Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) as it is quite resistant to wear and heat. Within each turfgrass species there are a big number of comercial varieties, which are being continuosly replaced as new varieties improve the previous ones. The most used Bermudagrass variety in Spain is called Princess 77 , which is probably going to be replaced by a new variety called MBG 002 . The objective of this final degree thesis will be to determine the morphological characteristics of this new variety through a technical study detailing different aspects of the plant compared to existant Bermudagrass varieties. In addition, another study will be conducted in order to test the resistance of this new turfgrass variety to irrigation water salinity.Escribano Martínez, P. (2020). Caracterización de una nueva variedad comercial de la especie cespitosa Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. para su uso en jardinería y espacios deportivos. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/148052TFG
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Caracterización de una nueva variedad comercial de la especie cespitosa Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. para su uso en jardinería y espacios deportivos
'Universitat Politecnica de Valencia', 2020Co-Authors: Escribano Martínez PabloAbstract:[ES] Los céspedes son un cultivo herbáceo del que no se cosecha nada, pero del que los seres humanos aprovechan sus cualidades para satisfacer sus necesidades de ocio bien sea con los céspedes deportivos o los ornamentales. Una de las especies botánicas formadoras de césped más empleada en España es Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., ya que se trata de una especie muy resistente al pisoteo y al calor. De cada especie cespitosa existen numerosas variedades comerciales, las cuales van sustituyéndose con el paso del tiempo a medida que unas van mejorando a otras. En el caso de Cynodon dactylon, la variedad más ampliamente cultivada en España propagada por semilla ha sido Princess 77 . Dicha variedad va a ser reemplazada y se cree que la variedad MBG 002 podría ser una buena candidata. El objetivo de este trabajo final de grado será determinar las características morfológicas de esta variedad, realizando un estudio técnico en el que se detallan diferentes aspectos de la planta comparándolos con algunas variedades de C. dactylon ya existentes. Además, se llevará a cabo un ensayo comparativo de la resistencia a la salinidad del agua de riego de la nueva variedad frente al resto de variedades empleadas en este trabajo.[EN] Turfgrass does not have a yield component. The value of turfgrass for human being is its inherent aesthetic quality and usability for gardening and sport facilities. One of the most cultivated turfgrass species in Spain is Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) as it is quite resistant to wear and heat. Within each turfgrass species there are a big number of comercial varieties, which are being continuosly replaced as new varieties improve the previous ones. The most used Bermudagrass variety in Spain is called Princess 77 , which is probably going to be replaced by a new variety called MBG 002 . The objective of this final degree thesis will be to determine the morphological characteristics of this new variety through a technical study detailing different aspects of the plant compared to existant Bermudagrass varieties. In addition, another study will be conducted in order to test the resistance of this new turfgrass variety to irrigation water salinity.Escribano Martínez, P. (2020). Caracterización de una nueva variedad comercial de la especie cespitosa Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. para su uso en jardinería y espacios deportivos. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/148052TFG
Zhaolong Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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differential metabolic responses of perennial grass Cynodon transvaalensis Cynodon dactylon c4 and poa pratensis c3 to heat stress
Physiologia Plantarum, 2011Co-Authors: Zhaolong Wang, Yimin Liu, Bingru HuangAbstract:Differential metabolic responses to heat stress may be associated with variations in heat tolerance between cool-season (C₃) and warm-season (C₄) perennial grass species. The main objective of this study was to identify metabolites associated with differential heat tolerance between C₄ bermudagrass and C₃ Kentucky bluegrass by performing metabolite profile analysis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Plants of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa Pratensis'Midnight') and hybrid bermudagrass (Cynodon transvaalensis x Cynodon dactylon'Tifdwarf') were grown under optimum temperature conditions (20/15 °C for Kentucky bluegrass and 30/25 °C for bermudagrass) or heat stress (35/30 °C for Kentucky bluegrass and 45/40 °C for bermudagrass). Physiological responses to heat stress were evaluated by visual rating of grass quality, measuring photochemical efficiency (variable fluorescence to maximal fluorescence) and electrolyte leakage. All of these parameters indicated that bermudagrass exhibited better heat tolerance than Kentucky bluegrass. The metabolite analysis of leaf polar extracts revealed 36 heat-responsive metabolites identified in both grass species, mainly consisting of organic acids, amino acids, sugars and sugar alcohols. Most metabolites showed higher accumulation in bermudagrass compared with Kentucky bluegrass, especially following long-term (18 days) heat stress. The differentially accumulated metabolites included seven sugars (sucrose, fructose, galactose, floridoside, melibiose, maltose and xylose), a sugar alcohol (inositol), six organic acids (malic acid, citric acid, threonic acid, galacturonic acid, isocitric acid and methyl malonic acid) and nine amino acids (Asn, Ala, Val, Thr, γ-aminobutyric acid, IIe, Gly, Lys and Met). The differential accumulation of those metabolites could be associated with the differential heat tolerance between C₃ Kentucky bluegrass and C₄ bermudagrass.
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identification of proteins associated with water deficit tolerance in c4 perennial grass species Cynodon dactylon Cynodon transvaalensis and Cynodon dactylon
Physiologia Plantarum, 2011Co-Authors: Yan Zhao, Zhaolong Wang, Bingru HuangAbstract:The study was conducted to examine differential proteomic responses to water-deficit stress in hybrid bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. ×Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt Davy, cv. Tifway] and common bermudagrass (C. dactylon, cv. C299). Plants were exposed to water-deficit stress for 15 days by withholding irrigation in a growth chamber. Leaf electrolyte leakage increased and photochemical efficiency and relative water content declined under water-deficit stress, but the extent of changes in each of the physiological parameters for 'Tifway' was less pronounced than those for 'C299'. Total proteins of leaves were extracted from well-watered and water-deficit plants and separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Of the 750 protein spots reproducibly detected, 32 proteins had increases in the abundance and 22 proteins exhibited decreases in the abundance in at least one genotype under water-deficit stress. A significantly higher number of proteins were found to accumulate in 'Tifway' than in 'C299' and 16 proteins with increasing abundance were detected only in 'Tifway' under water-deficit stress. All stress-responsive proteins were subjected to mass spectrometry analysis, which were mainly involved in metabolism, energy, cell growth/division, protein synthesis and stress defense. Functional analysis of differential drought-responsive proteins between the two genotypes suggests that the superior water-deficit tolerance in 'Tifway' bermudagrass could be mainly associated with less severe decline in the abundance level of proteins involved in photosynthesis (chlorophyll a-b, ATP synthase subunit alpha, phosphoribulokinase and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) and greater increase in the abundance level of antioxidant defense proteins (superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase and peroxiredoxin), demonstrating that maintaining photosynthesis and active antioxidant defense mechanisms may play a critical role in C(4) grass adaptation to water-deficit stress.
Surjit Bera - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impact of mining on herbaceous ground cover and wild fauna in birsha damoh forest range a buffer zone of malanjkhand copper mines of india
Journal of forest science, 2017Co-Authors: R S Singh, Ranjeet Kumar Singh, Surjit BeraAbstract:Mining is known to demolish the natural ecosystem adjacent to mining sites all over world and it generates massive volumes of wastes which are dumped adjacent to mining areas resulting in damage to the natural ecosystem, reducing herbaceous ground cover and wildlife. Hinustan Copper Mines (HCM) is the Asia’s largest open cast copper mines and produces 70 % copper for the Indian market. A study was carried out at buffer zone of HCM in 31 forest sites of Birsha-Damoh forest range area of Balaghat district of Madhya Pradesh in India. The herbaceous ground cover (HGC) was estimated by line transect method. Results indicated that the total average herbaceous ground cover ranged from 11.2 - 77.44%, indicating least wildlife movement at site 14 and maximum at site 29. The dominant herbaceous plants were Cynodon dactylon followed by Lantana camara, Thysanolaena maxima covering across most of the sites. The rest of the herbaceous species were Vallaris heyne, Achyranthes aspera, Eragrostis tenella , Waltheria indica and Ocimum Gratissimum, found as casual constituents of the community . The maximum number (7) of wild animals presence in day was observed at Cynodon dactylon and Thysanolena maxima dominated sites and minimum number (1) was observed at Lantana camera dominated forest sites.
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impact of mining on herbaceous ground cover and wild fauna in birsha damoh forest range of malanjkhand copper mines of india
2017Co-Authors: R S Singh, Ranjeet Kumar Singh, Surjit BeraAbstract:Mining is known to demolish adjacent natural ecosystem all over world with generating massive volumes of wastes dumped resulting in damage to the natural ecosystem, reducing herbaceous ground cover and wildlife. Hinustan Copper Mines (HCM) is the Asia’s largest open cast copper mines and produces 70 % copper for the Indian market. The study was carried out at buffer zone of HCM in 31 forest sites of Birsha-Damoh forest range area of Balaghat district of Madhya Pradesh in India. The herbaceous ground cover (HGC) was estimated by line transect method. Results indicated that the total average herbaceous ground cover ranged from 11.2 - 77.44%, indicating least wildlife movement at site 14 and maximum at site 29. The dominant herbaceous plants were Cynodon dactylon followed by Lantana camara, Thysanolaena maxima covering across most of the sites. The rest of the herbaceous species were Vallaris heyne, Achyranthes aspera, Eragrostis tenella, Waltheria indica and Ocimum Gratissimum, found as casual constituents of the community. The maximum number (7) of wild animals presence in a day was observed at Cynodon dactylon and Thysanolena maxima dominated sites and minimum number (1) was observed at Lantana camera dominated forest sites.
